168 lines
20 KiB
XML
168 lines
20 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="5E45CB1F595AA2C2174C6FB7FB0B702F">A revision of the genus Atypus in China (Araneae: Atypidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="213BBB1D39D4E2B14D874E01FC2B2A15">Zhu, Ming-Sheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9C8D113CC188B4A44C030B994A8CCE8B">College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="434746468CAA5874DB109239A801A11B" type="email">mingshengzhu@263.net</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="87E329AC2386337FA42B8E35E5CE2F65">Zhang, Feng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BF97DC6E401B66012FFBC441F45F4C7D">College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2ECEF4D53A93F16BCC1532798C014C4B" type="email">zhangfeng@mail.hbu.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="733226CF4F3E7904390F62D05235E983">Song, Daxiang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5449F11374AA08D501E2EC7551EF4C4D">College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="5503900B184770490CE546F8C10F78A2" type="email">dxsong@mail.hbu.edu.cn,</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="028DC8451189120174ECDCA7BBB0FA66">Qu, Ping</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="903624859B6C90C1E71FDC1F43EC8A7A">College of Life Sciences, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F2F5F514CA957CDE22A4DF335F798EA3" type="email">shmqp@mail.hebau.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:date id="87C49CA3E6A8C123D2C0262593408A85">2006</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C3379C0019B25736720582EB0B68088E">2006-01-30</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03F04F09FFC3FF9BFEB06E02B57C445A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5057773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5057773" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F04F09FFC3FF9BFEB06E02B57C445A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F04F09FFC3FF9BFEB06E02B57C445A" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<subSubSection id="C343AD94FFC3FF9AFEB06E02B3394512" box="[264,527,1308,1334]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE6FE1FFFC3FF9AFEB06E02B3394512" blockId="2.[264,527,1308,1334]" box="[264,527,1308,1334]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<heading id="D0AE4973FFC3FF9AFEB06E02B3394512" bold="true" box="[264,527,1308,1334]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C59859CFFC3FF9AFEB06E02B3394512" ID-CoL="35HX" ID-ENA="389724" authority="Latreille 1804" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1804" box="[264,527,1308,1334]" class="Arachnida" family="Atypidae" genus="Atypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92D220DFFC3FF9AFEB06E02B3394512" bold="true" box="[264,527,1308,1334]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<emphasis id="B92D220DFFC3FF9AFEB06E02B06D4512" bold="true" box="[264,347,1308,1334]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Atypus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC883EEFFC3FF9AFEDB6E02B3394512" author="Latreille, P. A." box="[355,527,1308,1334]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="129 - 295" refId="ref20367" refString="Latreille, P. A. (1804) Tableau methodique des Insectes. Nouveau Dictionnaire d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 24, 129 - 295." type="journal article" year="1804">Latreille 1804</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C343AD94FFC3FF9AFEB06E79B0DE45B9" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE6FE1FFFC3FF9AFEB06E79B0DE45B9" blockId="2.[264,1323,1382,1437]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB49D931FFC3FF9AFEB06E79B0DE45B9" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF8D80EFFC3FF9AFEB06E79B3104559" author="Latreille, P. A." box="[264,550,1382,1406]" page="133" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="1804">
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<taxonomicName id="4C59859CFFC3FF9AFEB06E79B3104559" ID-CoL="35HX" authority="Latreille 1804: 133" authorityName="Latreille" authorityPageNumber="133" authorityYear="1804" box="[264,550,1382,1406]" class="Arachnida" family="Atypidae" genus="Atypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92D220DFFC3FF9AFEB06E79B066455A" box="[264,336,1383,1406]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Atypus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC883EEFFC3FF9AFEEF6E78B3104559" author="Latreille, P. A." box="[343,550,1382,1405]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="129 - 295" refId="ref20367" refString="Latreille, P. A. (1804) Tableau methodique des Insectes. Nouveau Dictionnaire d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 24, 129 - 295." type="journal article" year="1804">Latreille 1804: 133</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. —
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF8D80EFFC3FF9AFDF36E78B2734559" author="Kraus, O. & Baur, H." box="[587,837,1382,1405]" page="88" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="1974">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC883EEFFC3FF9AFDF36E78B2734559" author="Kraus, O. & Baur, H." box="[587,837,1382,1405]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="85 - 116" refId="ref20318" refString="Kraus, O. & Baur, H. (1974) Die Atypidae der West-Palaarktis: Systematik, Verbreitung und Biologie (Arachnida: Araneae). Abhandlungen und Verhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg (N. F.), 17, 85 - 116." type="journal article" year="1974">Kraus & Baur 1974: 88</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. —
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF8D80EFFC3FF9AFCC86E78B5A34559" author="Gertsch, W. J. & Platnick N. I." box="[880,1173,1382,1405]" page="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="1980">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC883EEFFC3FF9AFCC86E78B5A34559" author="Gertsch, W. J. & Platnick N. I." box="[880,1173,1382,1405]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref20076" refString="Gertsch, W. J. & Platnick N. I. (1980) A revision of the American spiders of the family Atypidae (Araneae, Mygalomorphae). American Museum Novitates, 2704, 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="1980">Gertsch & Platnick 1980: 9</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. —
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AF8D80EFFC3FF9AFB786E78B0D245B9" author="Schwendinger, P. J." page="353" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="1990">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC883EEFFC3FF9AFB786E78B0D245B9" author="Schwendinger, P. J." pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="353 - 366" refId="ref20877" refString="Schwendinger, P. J. (1990) A synopsis of the genus Atypus (Araneae, Atypidae). Zoologica Scripta, 19, 353 - 366." type="journal article" year="1990">Schwendinger 1990: 353</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C343AD94FFC3FF9AFEB06ED0B2A545CD" box="[264,915,1486,1513]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="8BE6FE1FFFC3FF9AFEB06ED0B2A545CD" blockId="2.[264,915,1486,1513]" box="[264,915,1486,1513]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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||
<emphasis id="B92D220DFFC3FF9AFEB06ED0B09C45CC" bold="true" box="[264,426,1486,1512]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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||
<typeStatus id="54E240BDFFC3FF9AFEB06ED0B07345CC" box="[264,325,1486,1512]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Type</typeStatus>
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species.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C59859CFFC3FF9AFE0A6ED1B3D345CD" authority="Sulzer 1776" authorityName="Sulzer" authorityYear="1776" box="[434,741,1487,1513]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Aranea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="picea">
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||
<emphasis id="B92D220DFFC3FF9AFE0A6ED1B37845CC" box="[434,590,1487,1512]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Aranea picea</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC883EEFFC3FF9AFDEE6ED1B3D345CD" author="Sulzer, J. H." box="[598,741,1487,1513]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="248 - 254" refId="ref20945" refString="Sulzer, J. H. (1776) Abgekurzte Geschichte der Insekten, nach dem Linnaeischen System. Winterthur, 2 vols. (Araneae, 1: 248 - 254)." type="journal article" year="1776">Sulzer 1776</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by monotypy.
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C343AD94FFC3FF9BFEB06D00B42C417A" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BE6FE1FFFC3FF9BFEB06D00B42C417A" blockId="2.[264,1324,1566,1873]" lastBlockId="3.[264,1324,284,1150]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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||
<emphasis id="B92D220DFFC3FF9AFEB06D00B0BE461C" bold="true" box="[264,392,1566,1592]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C59859CFFC3FF9AFE286D01B0D6461C" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1804" box="[400,480,1567,1592]" class="Arachnida" family="Atypidae" genus="Atypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92D220DFFC3FF9AFE286D01B0D6461C" box="[400,480,1567,1592]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Atypus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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resembles
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<taxonomicName id="4C59859CFFC3FF9AFDDE6D01B3E2461C" authorityName="Walckenaer" authorityYear="1835" box="[614,724,1567,1592]" class="Arachnida" family="Atypidae" genus="Sphodros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92D220DFFC3FF9AFDDE6D01B3E2461C" box="[614,724,1567,1592]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Sphodros</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by having the labium fused to the sternum and by possessing tubercles on the cheliceral fangs and cuspules on the pedipalpal coxae, and
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<taxonomicName id="4C59859CFFC3FF9AFEB06D71B0A646AC" authorityName="Lucas" authorityYear="1837" box="[264,400,1647,1672]" class="Arachnida" family="Atypidae" genus="Calommata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92D220DFFC3FF9AFEB06D71B0A646AC" box="[264,400,1647,1672]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Calommata</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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by having a straight spikelike embolus crossing a straight, broad, lobular conductor on the male palp (
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC883EEFFC3FF9AFDCC6D89B2864695" author="Gertsch, W. J. & Platnick N. I." box="[628,944,1687,1713]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref20076" refString="Gertsch, W. J. & Platnick N. I. (1980) A revision of the American spiders of the family Atypidae (Araneae, Mygalomorphae). American Museum Novitates, 2704, 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="1980">Gertsch & Platnick 1980</bibRefCitation>
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). It can be distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="4C59859CFFC3FF9AFEB06DA1B04346FC" authorityName="Walckenaer" authorityYear="1835" box="[264,373,1727,1752]" class="Arachnida" family="Atypidae" genus="Sphodros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B92D220DFFC3FF9AFEB06DA1B04346FC" box="[264,373,1727,1752]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Sphodros</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
by the straight, short, distally widened conductor and the straight, short, spinelike embolus in males, and in females, by the presence of two or more pairs of bulbous or pyriform receptacula in the vulvae, and the presence of two lateral patches of pores on the genital atrium. It differs from
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<taxonomicName id="4C59859CFFC3FF9AFDC86C29B3CE4774" authorityName="Lucas" authorityYear="1837" box="[624,760,1847,1872]" class="Arachnida" family="Atypidae" genus="Calommata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D220DFFC3FF9AFDC86C29B3CE4774" box="[624,760,1847,1872]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Calommata</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
by having cuspules on the pedipalpal coxae in both sexes, the conductor is distally widened, the palpal bulb of males is almost rounded, the receptacula is bulbous or pyriform, and leg I is not thinner than other legs in females.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C343AD94FFC2FF9BFE806A75B57C445A" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE6FE1FFFC2FF9BFE806A75B5A64342" blockId="3.[264,1324,284,1150]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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||
<emphasis id="B92D220DFFC2FF9BFE806A75B0E641A1" bold="true" box="[312,464,363,389]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Description.</emphasis>
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Mediumsized spiders. Carapace testaceous and glabrous, with cephalic region strongly arched. Eight eyes in three groups on compact transverse tubercle. Fovea deep, pitlike. Chelicerae dorsally expanded, without rastellum, fangs with dorsoproximal tubercles. Male chelicerae with granular texture (
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC883EEFFC2FF9BFCE26AFAB5BD41DA" author="Schwendinger, P. J." box="[858,1163,484,510]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="353 - 366" refId="ref20877" refString="Schwendinger, P. J. (1990) A synopsis of the genus Atypus (Araneae, Atypidae). Zoologica Scripta, 19, 353 - 366." type="journal article" year="1990">Schwendinger 1990: 359</bibRefCitation>
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||
, figs 27–28). Coxa of pedipalp with large, elongated anterior lobe and cuspules (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1362E29AFFC2FF9BFBAE6912B58B4202" box="[1046,1213,524,550]" captionStart="FIGURES 122–123" captionStartId="36.[264,382,1389,1413]" captionTargetBox="[399,1187,969,1362]" captionTargetId="figure-328@36.[399,1187,969,1362]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 122–123. Atypus karschi Dönitz 1887. 122, cuspules on pedipalpal coxa of female; 123, one cuspules in detail." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5778273" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5778273/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs 122–123</figureCitation>
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). Labium wider than long, with or without cuspules. Sternum with four pairs of sigilla. Legs short and stout, slender in males, tarsi and metatarsi usually with short, thornlike spines, tarsi with three claws. Male femur I (except in
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C59859CFFC2FF9BFD48699AB26C42B9" authorityName="Eichwald" authorityYear="1830" box="[752,858,644,669]" class="Arachnida" family="Atypidae" genus="Atypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="affinis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D220DFFC2FF9BFD48699AB26C42B9" box="[752,858,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A. affinis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and in some species also femur II with granular texture. Abdomen oval, with irregularly shaped scutum. Female vulvae with two or more pairs of receptacula and two lateral patches of pores on atrium. Male palpal bulb with distal haematodocha, embolus short, straight; conductor straight, distally widened. Six spinnerets: ALS onesegmented, small; PMS onesegmented, large, truncated; PLS with four (all Chinese species) or three segments, with apical one fingerlike.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6FE1FFFC2FF9BFE80686AB57C445A" blockId="3.[264,1324,284,1150]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59859CFFC2FF9BFE80686AB0BE43A9" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1804" box="[312,392,884,909]" class="Arachnida" family="Atypidae" genus="Atypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D220DFFC2FF9BFE80686AB0BE43A9" box="[312,392,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Atypus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spiders live in a purse web consisting of a basally closed silk tube. This tube extends vertically above the surface of the ground against the side of tree trunk or rock for
|
||
<quantity id="4CA153FAFFC2FF9BFEB068DAB04943FA" box="[264,383,964,990]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.35" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="cm" value="23.5" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="12.0">12–35 cm</quantity>
|
||
, whilst the rest of the silk tube, some
|
||
<quantity id="4CA153FAFFC2FF9BFC8C68DAB2AA43FA" box="[820,924,964,990]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="cm" value="11.0" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="5.0">5–17 cm</quantity>
|
||
, is buried vertically in the ground. Spiders are alerted to the presence of prey moving over the exposed part of the silk tube by vibrations through the silk lining. Once prey are sensed, the spider rushes to the point where the prey rests, and bites it through the silk. Then the spider cuts the silk tube and pulls the prey inside the burrow to be eaten (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC883EEFFC2FF9BFCAA6F7AB508445A" author="Murphy, F. M. & Murphy, J. A." box="[786,1086,1124,1150]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refId="ref20518" refString="Murphy, F. M. & Murphy, J. A. (2000) An introduction to the spiders of South East Asia. Malayan Nature Society, Kuala Lumpur, 625 pp." type="book" year="2000">Murphy & Murphy 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |