364 lines
30 KiB
XML
364 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.763.21252" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6162ab6f-6b50-40ee-b28e-c72eee01e99e" ID-PMC="PMC5996013" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-763-1" ID-PubMed="29896045" ID-ZBK="90B772554C5E436CA793D924892B5B14" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-763-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 763" ModsDocTitle="Integrative taxonomy of a new and highly-diverse genus of onchidiid slugs from the Coral Triangle (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Onchidiidae)" checkinTime="1528130281812" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Goulding, Tricia C., Khalil, Munawar, Tan, Shau Hwai & Dayrat, Benoit" docDate="2018" docId="A8E714031EDD3B8772B85C93F9B735F0" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 763: 1-111" docOrigin="ZooKeys 763" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.763.21252" docTitle="Wallaconchis uncinus Goulding & Dayrat, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="7AD571DD-A286-4979-90DA-35DFDEFE52B8" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="FFF78434FFEAFFF5FFBBF264B1300C6B" masterDocTitle="Integrative taxonomy of a new and highly-diverse genus of onchidiid slugs from the Coral Triangle (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Onchidiidae)" masterLastPageNumber="111" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668165860460" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Integrative taxonomy of a new and highly-diverse genus of onchidiid slugs from the Coral Triangle (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Onchidiidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Goulding, Tricia C.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Khalil, Munawar</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tan, Shau Hwai</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dayrat, Benoit</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>763</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>111</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.763.21252</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.763.21252</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-763-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">90B772554C5E436CA793D924892B5B14</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">90B772554C5E436CA793D924892B5B14</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="144234917" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7AD571DD-A286-4979-90DA-35DFDEFE52B8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A8E714031EDD3B8772B85C93F9B735F0" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/7AD571DD-A286-4979-90DA-35DFDEFE52B8" authority="Goulding & Dayrat" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis uncinus" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="uncinus">Wallaconchis uncinus Goulding & Dayrat</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Indonesia, Ambon, Lateri,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-3.6376667">03°38.26'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="128.24533">128°14.72'E</geoCoordinate>
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, st 128, mudflat next to small creek in the low intertidal of mangrove preserve.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype, 22/17 mm [2751], designated here (UMIZ 00004).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Additional material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Indonesia, North Sulawesi, Wori,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="1.6010001">01°36.06'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="124.86217">124°51.73'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 4 specimens 22/11 mm [2256], 22/16 mm [2250], 18/7 mm [2268], 17/7 mm [2261], st 90, old
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Avicennia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Avicennia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Avicennia</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Cephalopoda" family="Hoplitidae" genus="Sonneratia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sonneratia" order="Ammonoidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Sonneratia</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Rhizophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhizophora" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Rhizophora</taxonomicName>
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mangrove forest with, rocks and dead logs (UMIZ 00005); Ambon, Lateri,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-3.6376667">03°38.26'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="128.24533">128°14.72'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1 specimen 30/21 mm [2752], st 128, mudflat next to small creek and mangrove (UMIZ 00006); Ambon, Lateri,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-3.6373334">03°38.24'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="128.24634">128°14.78'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1 specimen 28/17 mm [2843], st 131, muddy
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Rhizophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhizophora" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Rhizophora</taxonomicName>
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mangrove (UMIZ 00007); Bali, Pemuteran, Labuhan Lalang Harbor,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-8.1435">08°08.61'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="114.53883">114°32.33'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1 specimen 15/13 mm [3138], st 157, coral rubble, rocks and a few
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Avicennia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Avicennia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Avicennia</taxonomicName>
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(UMIZ 00008); North Maluku, Ternate, Bastiong,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="0.7735">00°46.41'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="127.37933">127°22.76'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1 specimen (24/11 mm [5056]), st 203, muddy rocks near a mangrove (UMIZ 00009); Halmahera, Sofifi,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="0.75783336">00°45.47'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="127.598335">127°35.90'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 2 specimens 25/16 mm [5070] and 22/16 mm [5029], st 205,
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<taxonomicName class="Cephalopoda" family="Hoplitidae" genus="Sonneratia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sonneratia" order="Ammonoidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Sonneratia</taxonomicName>
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mangrove (UMIZ 00010); Halmahera, Akelamo,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="1.0221666">01°01.33'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="127.6515">127°39.09'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 2 specimens 40/25 mm [5079] and 35/30 mm [5080], st 207, sandy-muddy beach at margin of mangrove (UMIZ 00011); Timor, Oesapa, Kupang City,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-10.1455">10°08.73'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="123.635">123°38.10'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1 specimen 29/18 mm [5900], st 250, open
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<taxonomicName class="Cephalopoda" family="Hoplitidae" genus="Sonneratia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sonneratia" order="Ammonoidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Sonneratia</taxonomicName>
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mangrove (UMIZ 00071).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Indonesia: Ambon (type locality), Bali, Halmahera, northern Sulawesi, and Timor.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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(Fig. 13, Table 3).
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis uncinus" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="uncinus">Wallaconchis uncinus</taxonomicName>
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predominantly lives on firm mud, in and around mangroves. It can also sometimes be found on rocks inside or adjacent to muddy mangroves. It lives in the low to mid-intertidal zone (i.e., not in higher and dry areas only submerged at the highest tides) but is not found on water-saturated mud (unlike onchidiid species in other genera).
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis uncinus" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="uncinus">Wallaconchis uncinus</taxonomicName>
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frequently co-occurs with
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<taxonomicName lsidName="W. buetschlii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="buetschlii">W. buetschlii</taxonomicName>
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. It was also found in the same microhabitat as
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<taxonomicName lsidName="W. sinanui" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sinanui">W. sinanui</taxonomicName>
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but in much lower abundance (one individual of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="W. uncinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="uncinus">W. uncinus</taxonomicName>
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was found on a patch of mudflat amongst dozens of individuals of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="W. sinanui" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sinanui">W. sinanui</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Figure 13. Habitats,
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis uncinus" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="uncinus">Wallaconchis uncinus</taxonomicName>
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, Indonesia. A, B Sulawesi, Wori, tall mangrove forest of
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<taxonomicName class="Cephalopoda" family="Hoplitidae" genus="Sonneratia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sonneratia" order="Ammonoidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Sonneratia</taxonomicName>
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and some
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Avicennia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Avicennia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Avicennia</taxonomicName>
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with a rocky area and dead logs (st 90) C Ambon, Lateri, muddy mangrove with
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Rhizophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhizophora" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Rhizophora</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Avicennia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Avicennia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Avicennia</taxonomicName>
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(st 131) D Type locality, Ambon, Lateri, mudflat adjacent to a shallow river through a mangrove (st 128) E Halmahera, Sofifi, mangrove with
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<taxonomicName class="Cephalopoda" family="Hoplitidae" genus="Sonneratia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sonneratia" order="Ammonoidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Sonneratia</taxonomicName>
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trees, dense roots and hard mud (st 205) F Ternate, Bastiong, muddy rocks nearby a mangrove patch (st 203).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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From the Latin adjective
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<taxonomicName lsidName="uncinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="uncinus">uncinus</taxonomicName>
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meaning
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“hooked”">"hooked"</normalizedToken>
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, to refer to the distinctive hooks that the penis bears.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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(Table 5).
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis uncinus" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="uncinus">Wallaconchis uncinus</taxonomicName>
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cannot be distinguished from other
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Wallaconchis</taxonomicName>
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species based on external features. Red individuals occur in at least three other species (i.e.,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="W. nangkauriense" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nangkauriense">W. nangkauriense</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="W. buetschlii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="buetschlii">W. buetschlii</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="W. ater" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ater">W. ater</taxonomicName>
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). Individuals of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="W. uncinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="uncinus">W. uncinus</taxonomicName>
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with orange and yellow bands could be confused with
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<taxonomicName lsidName="W. gracile" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gracile">W. gracile</taxonomicName>
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or
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<taxonomicName lsidName="W. buetschlii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="buetschlii">W. buetschlii</taxonomicName>
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, and these color patterns also occasionally occur in onchidiid species of other genera (personal observation). Brown individuals of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="W. uncinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="uncinus">W. uncinus</taxonomicName>
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cannot be distinguished from brown individuals of other
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Wallaconchis</taxonomicName>
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species. Internally, the flattened hooks (both the curved hooks and the rounded hooks) can be used for identification because they are not present in any other known onchidiid species.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Table 5. Summary of traits that can help identify
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Wallaconchis</taxonomicName>
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species. Observations between parentheses are less common. All traits may be subject to individual variation. Traits are described in detail in the corresponding species descriptions.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<table pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Species</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Dorsal color</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Hyponotum color</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Penis</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Oviduct</th>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName lsidName="W. sinanui" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sinanui">W. sinanui</taxonomicName>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName lsidName="W. uncinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="uncinus">W. uncinus</taxonomicName>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName lsidName="W. buetschlii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="buetschlii">W. buetschlii</taxonomicName>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
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<taxonomicName lsidName="W. gracile" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gracile">W. gracile</taxonomicName>
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</td>
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||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="W. nangkauriense" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nangkauriense">W. nangkauriense</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="W. ater" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ater">W. ater</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="W. graniferum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="graniferum">W. graniferum</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="W. achleitneri" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="achleitneri">W. achleitneri</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="W. comendadori" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="comendadori">W. comendadori</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="W. melanesiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="melanesiensis">W. melanesiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="color and morphology of live animals">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Color and morphology of live animals</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">(Fig. 14). The dorsal color is variable but is often completely brown or brown mottled with dark orange or bright yellow. Occasionally, specimens are entirely red or black. The color of the hyponotum ranges from light grey to cream and orange in color. The color of the foot is yellow-grey or light grey. The brownish-orange ocular tentacles are short and extend for only a few mm beyond the margin of the notum when the animal crawls undisturbed.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Figure 14. Live specimens,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis uncinus" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="uncinus">Wallaconchis uncinus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Indonesia. A Dorsal view, 25 mm long [5070], Halmahera (UMIZ 00010) B Holotype, dorsal view, 22 mm long [2751], Ambon (UMIZ 00004) C Dorsal view, 30 mm long [2752], Ambon (UMIZ 00006) D Dorsal view, 28 mm long [2843], Ambon (UMIZ 00008) E Dorsal view, 15 mm long [3138], Bali (UMIZ 00005) F Dorsal view, 25 mm long [5080], Halmahera (UMIZ 00011) G Ventral view, same as F H Ventral view, same as B.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="external morphology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">External morphology</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
(Fig. 15
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||
). There usually are between six and 12 papillae with dorsal eyes (even though their exact number is difficult to determine because they can be retracted within the notum). Exceptionally, 23 papillae were observed in one preserved specimen from Halmahera (Fig. 15C). The female opening is posterior, located 3 - 5 millimeters from the anus (Fig. 15B) depending on the size of the animal (farther from the anus in larger animals). The male aperture is located below the right ocular tentacle (Fig. 15A)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Figure 15. External morphology and digestive system,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis uncinus" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="uncinus">Wallaconchis uncinus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Indonesia. A Anterior region, ventral view, Sulawesi, scale bar 2 mm [2268] (UMIZ 00005) B Posterior region, ventral view, Sulawesi, scale bar 2 mm [2268] (UMIZ 00005) C Dorsal notum (papillae with dorsal eyes), Halmahera, scale bar 2.6 mm [5056] (UMIZ 00009) D Digestive system, dorsal view, Sulawesi, scale bar 1 mm [2268] (UMIZ 00005). Abbreviations: a anus ddg dorsal lobe of digestive gland f foot fo female opening hn hyponotum i intestine mo male opening ol oral lobe ot ocular tentacle pdg posterior lobe of the digestive gland pn pneumostome ppg peripodial groove st2 stomach chamber 2.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="digestive system">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Digestive system</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
(Figs 15D, 16, Table 4). Examples of radular formulae are presented in Table 4. The length of the main cusp of the rachidian teeth is approximately 20
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, significantly smaller than that of the lateral teeth. The length of the hook of the lateral teeth gradually increases from 40 to 55
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, excluding the innermost lateral tooth and several outermost lateral teeth, which are significantly smaller. The intestinal loops are of type I (Fig. 15D).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Figure 16. Radula,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis uncinus" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="uncinus">Wallaconchis uncinus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Indonesia. A Rachidian and innermost lateral teeth, Bali, scale bar 10
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
[3138] (UMIZ 00008) B Rachidian and innermost lateral teeth, Halmahera, scale bar 20
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
[5079] (UMIZ 00011) C Transition from inner to outer lateral teeth, scale bar 20
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, same as B D Outer lateral teeth, scale bar 40
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, same as B E Outermost lateral teeth, scale bar 20
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, same as B F Outermost lateral teeth, Ambon, scale bar 20
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
[2843] (UMIZ 00007). Abbreviations: bls basal lateral spine (of lateral tooth) nls no lateral spine.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reproductive system">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Reproductive system</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">(Fig. 17A). The middle portion of the oviduct is much wider than the proximal and distal ends (Fig. 17A). The spherical spermatheca connects to the narrow distal portion of the oviduct through a short duct.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Figure 17. Reproductive system,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis uncinus" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="uncinus">Wallaconchis uncinus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Indonesia. A Hermaphroditic (female), posterior parts, Sulawesi, scale bar 2 mm [2268] (UMIZ 00005) B Anterior, male copulatory parts, Halmahera, scale bar 3 mm [5079] (UMIZ 00011) C Anterior, male copulatory parts, Bali, scale bar 1 mm [3138] (UMIZ 00008) D Penis (fully evaginated), Halmahera, scale bar 0.5 mm [5079] (UMIZ 00011). Abbreviations: dd deferent duct fgm female gland mass hd hermaphroditic duct hg hermaphroditic gland ov oviduct ps penial sheath rm retractor muscle rs receptaculum seminis sp spermatheca v vestibule.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="copulatory apparatus">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Copulatory apparatus</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
(Figs 17
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="B–D">B-D</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 18). The penial sheath is long: the length varies between 1/2 of the length of the visceral cavity to nearly the full length of the cavity. The vestibule is approximately 3 mm in length (in mature specimens). The vestibule is wider than the penial sheath and appears cylindrical or spherical depending on the orientation of the penis inside (Fig. 17B). Inside the vestibule, the penis can form multiple circular loops (Fig. 17D), a single loop, or simply be U-shaped. In mature specimens, the penis bears many large flattened hooks of two types: rounded hooks which lay flat on the surface of the penis and curved hooks which project perpendicularly from the surface of the penis (see hook labels, Fig. 18
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="B–D">B-D</normalizedToken>
|
||
). In the distal region of the penis there may also be immature hooks which are not fully developed (Fig. 18A); these small hooks may also be seen in immature specimens, or they may be absent. The developed hooks differ between regions of the penis: in the distal region, the rounded hooks are spread around the penis; in the middle region, the rounded hooks form a single row (Fig. 18
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||
), some of these hooks being adjacent to a row of curved hooks; and, in the proximal region, rounded hooks are generally absent, but the curved hooks may be present. The deferent duct is highly convoluted with many loops (Fig. 17B) (though the deferent duct is significantly less convoluted in immature specimens, see Fig. 17C). The retractor muscle inserts posteriorly, on the body wall, near the rectum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Figure 18. Penis,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis uncinus" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="uncinus">Wallaconchis uncinus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Indonesia. A Two most distal loops of fully evaginated penis (the loop on the right is proximal to the loop on the left), Halmahera, scale bar 0.5 mm [5079] (UMIZ 00011) B Two most distal loops of (nearly fully evaginated) penis (the loop on the right is proximal to the loop on the left), Ambon, scale bar 300
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
[2843] (UMIZ 00007) C Proximal region of penis, detail view of curved hooks, Sulawesi, scale bar 100
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
[2268] (UMIZ 00005) D Distal region of penis which is not fully evaginated, scale bar 300
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, same as C. Abbreviations: ch curved hooks ih immature hooks rh rounded hooks.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |