628 lines
69 KiB
XML
628 lines
69 KiB
XML
<document id="22208915838C310986F4708D18BFB4F7" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.214977" ID-GBIF-Dataset="77ee786b-c3de-46c0-a2e8-9247decffea5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="214977" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460494379731" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sh, Hossein Rajaei, Stüning, Dieter & Trusch, Robert" docDate="2012" docId="03A487B45724FF9D72A7A56FF2DFDCB2" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03360p052.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3360" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Gnopharmia colchidaria subsp. colchidaria Lederer" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="FF9DFFCC572CFF977230A44DF034D952" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision and zoogeographical patterns of the species of Gnopharmia Staudinger, 1892 (Geometridae, Ennominae)" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="9" updateTime="1698310700469" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="24E3D1D76A510C4D7BF5B16C9ECD70C8">Taxonomic revision and zoogeographical patterns of the species of Gnopharmia Staudinger, 1892 (Geometridae, Ennominae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6D9593C617EE3855F23452105684A682">Sh, Hossein Rajaei</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="448E764E50E5C2C93E387582DE740011">Stüning, Dieter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="22D5CC69166936C1394849049DC525BC">Trusch, Robert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="F35C27B3C774A9239AA221A12F5753F8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="5D3F9FE5921DB8F991CA7A9608FB3403">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D5998FF9F5F6378709B55ADB1F8DA668">3360</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03A487B45724FF9D72A7A56FF2DFDCB2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6177432" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119520360" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6177432" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A487B45724FF9D72A7A56FF2DFDCB2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A487B45724FF9D72A7A56FF2DFDCB2" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<subSubSection id="C31765295724FF9F72A7A56FF21FD80F" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB236A25724FF9F72A7A56FF2E5D86E" blockId="8.[151,721,290,349]" box="[151,721,290,316]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<heading id="D0FA81CE5724FF9F72A7A56FF2E5D86E" bold="true" box="[151,721,290,316]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215724FF9F72A7A56FF2E5D86E" ID-CoL="6KN45" authority="Lederer" authorityName="Lederer" box="[151,721,290,316]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="colchidaria">
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<emphasis id="B979EAB05724FF9F72A7A56FF2E5D86E" bold="true" box="[151,721,290,316]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="B979EAB05724FF9F72A7A56FF266D86E" bold="true" box="[151,594,290,316]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Gnopharmia colchidaria colchidaria</emphasis>
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(Lederer)
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</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB236A25724FF9F72A7A508F21FD80F" blockId="8.[151,721,290,349]" box="[151,555,325,349]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13362A275724FF9F72AFA508F114D80F" box="[159,288,325,349]" captionStart="FIGURE 5 – 7. G" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1905,1928]" captionTargetBox="[177,1393,217,1851]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[151,1436,193,1882]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 5 – 7. G. colchidaria colchidaria. 5: holotype, female; 6: G. c. melanotaenia, lectotype, male (labelled as “ holotype ” by Wehrli); 7: G. c. melanotaenia, a: paralectotype, female (labelled as “ Allotype ” by Wehrli), b & c: colour variants, both from Arax (Armenia); FIGURE 8 – 9. G. cocandaria, 8: holotype, male; 9: G. rubraria subrubraria, lectotype, male. a, upperside; b, under side (except fig. 7 - b); c, original label (except fig. 7 - c). Scale bar: 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214981/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs 5, 6, 7</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13362A275724FF9F731BA508F173D80F" box="[299,327,325,349]" captionStart="FIGURE 37 – 38" captionStartId="45.[151,250,1869,1892]" captionTargetBox="[175,1419,211,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURE 37 – 38. Male genitalia and abdominal sternites. 37: G. colchidaria colchidaria, lectotype of G. c o l c h i d a r i a melanotaenia, gen. prep: 415 / 2008 H. R., SEM prep. 17 / 2009 H. R., 38: G. erema, lectotype, gen. prep: 411 / 2008 H. R. a: genital capsule; b: aedeagus; c: distal part of aedeagus (SEM; with scale); d: sternite A 8. Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214988/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">37</figureCitation>
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&
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<figureCitation id="13362A275724FF9F735BA508F1BED80F" box="[363,394,325,349]" captionStart="FIGURE 45 – 46" captionStartId="49.[151,250,1867,1890]" captionTargetBox="[188,1397,229,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@49.[173,1413,193,1844]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURE 45 – 46. Female genitalia, 45: G. r u b r a r i a from Köprüköy, Kizilirmak (Central Turkey), gen. prep. 896 / 2008 H. R., 46: G. colchidaria colchidaria, holotype, gen. prep. 408 / 2008 H. R. Scale bar: 1 mm. FIGURE 47. G. colchidaria sinesefida, SEM prep. 21 / 2009 H. R.; with scales, a: papillae analis, with groups of floricomous setae; b: enlarged apices of floricomous setae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214992/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">46</figureCitation>
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; Map 1A, 1B)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31765295724FF9F72A7A5C1F47CDB2A" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BB236A25724FF9F72A7A5C1F4B2D893" blockId="8.[151,1437,395,632]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1D118C5724FF9F72A7A5C1F4B2D893" infered="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215724FF9F72A7A5C1F275D8F3" ID-CoL="96ZHF" authority="Lederer, 1870: 48" authorityName="Lederer" authorityPageNumber="48" authorityYear="1870" box="[151,577,395,418]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnophos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colchidaria">
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<emphasis id="B979EAB05724FF9F72A7A5C1F147D8F0" box="[151,371,396,418]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Gnophos colchidaria</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AAC10B35724FF9F734FA5C6F275D8F3" author="Lederer" box="[383,577,395,417]" page="48" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1870">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B535724FF9F734FA5C6F221D8F3" author="Lederer" box="[383,533,395,417]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Lederer, J. (1870) Contributions a La Faune des Lepidopteres de la Transcaucasie. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 13, 39 - 48." type="journal article" year="1870">Lederer, 1870</bibRefCitation>
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: 48
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 2, fig. 1.
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<typeStatus id="54B688005724FF9F70D4A5C6F376D8F3" box="[740,834,395,417]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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Ƥ, coll. Staudinger, MNHU (examined).
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<typeStatus id="54B688005724FF9F773AA5C0F508D8F0" box="[1290,1340,397,418]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Type</typeStatus>
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locality: Helenendorf [Göygöl, (Geugoel), West
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<collectingCountry id="F31A76325724FF9F7068A5E7F2F9D892" box="[600,717,426,448]" name="Azerbaijan" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Azerbaijan</collectingCountry>
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], SE Caucasus (but see “Taxonomic note”).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB236A25724FF9F72A7A584F1CED8AC" blockId="8.[151,1437,395,632]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1D118C5724FF9F72A7A584F1CED8AC" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215724FF9F72A7A584F330D88D" ID-CoL="6KN45" authority="Staudinger, 1892: 181" authorityName="Staudinger" authorityPageNumber="181" authorityYear="1892" box="[151,772,457,479]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="colchidaria">
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<emphasis id="B979EAB05724FF9F72A7A584F225D88D" box="[151,529,457,479]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Gnopharmia colchidaria colchidaria</emphasis>
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:
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAC10B35724FF9F7010A584F330D88D" author="Staudinger" box="[544,772,457,479]" page="181" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1892">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B535724FF9F7010A584F2E5D88D" author="Staudinger" box="[544,721,457,479]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Staudinger, O. (1892) Neue Arten u Varietaten von palaarktischen Geometriden. Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift Iris, 5, 141 - 260." type="journal article" year="1892">Staudinger, 1892</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 181
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAC10B35724FF9F7120A584F3C1D88D" author="Staudinger" box="[784,1013,457,479]" page="343" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1901">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B535724FF9F7120A584F3F5D88D" author="Staudinger" box="[784,961,457,479]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Staudinger, O. & Rebel, H. (1901) Catalog der Lepidopteren des Palaearctischen Faunengebietes (Ed. 3). R. Friedlander & Sohn, Berlin, 368 pp." type="book" year="1901">Staudinger, 1901</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 343
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
; Prout, 1915: 384, pl. 22a; Wehrli, 1953: 565;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAC10B35724FF9F72CAA5A4F1C2D8AC" author="Parsons" box="[250,502,488,510]" page="406" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1999">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B535724FF9F72CAA5A4F1F7D8AF" author="Parsons" box="[250,451,488,510]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Parsons, M. S., Scoble, M. J., Honey, H. R., Pitkin, L. M. & Pitkin, R. B. (1999) The catalogue. in: Scoble, M. J., ed. Geometrid Moths of the world: a catalogue (Lepidoptera, Geometridae). Collingwood: CSIRO Publishing, 1046 pp." type="book" year="1999">Parsons et al., 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 406
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB236A25724FF9F72A7A64AF37EDB4E" blockId="8.[151,1437,395,632]" box="[151,842,518,541]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1D118C5724FF9F72A7A64AF37EDB4E" box="[151,842,518,541]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215724FF9F72A7A64AF2D0DB4E" ID-CoL="5HHQ6" authority="Wehrli, 1938: 433" authorityName="Wehrli" authorityPageNumber="433" authorityYear="1938" box="[151,740,518,541]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="melanotaenia">
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<emphasis id="B979EAB05724FF9F72A7A64AF210DB4F" box="[151,548,519,541]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Gnopharmia colchidaria melanotaenia</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAC10B35724FF9F701AA64BF2D0DB4E" author="Wehrli" box="[554,740,518,540]" page="433" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1938">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B535724FF9F701AA64BF285DB4E" author="Wehrli" box="[554,689,518,540]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Wehrli, E. (1938) Nachtrag zu meiner Arbeit in Nr. 31 d. J. Seite 354 [Neue Gattungen, Untergattungen, Arten und Rassen von Geometriden (Lep.).]. Entomologische Rundschau, 55 (37), 433 - 434." type="journal article" year="1938">Wehrli, 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
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: 433
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05724FF9F70DDA64AF37EDB4E" bold="true" box="[749,842,519,540]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24A57CB5724FF9F70DDA64AF37EDB4E" box="[749,842,519,540]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">syn. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BB236A25724FF9F72A7A668F2DDDB0B" blockId="8.[151,1437,395,632]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005724FF9F72A7A668F0C0DB68" box="[151,244,549,570]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
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||
8 3, 9 Ƥ, coll. ZISP, ZFMK (examined).
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005724FF9F709EA66BF2D4DB69" box="[686,736,550,571]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Type</typeStatus>
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||
locality: Migry (=Meghri) and Dzhuga [distr. Dzhulfa], Arax river,
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||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325724FF9F72F7A60EF117DB0B" box="[199,291,579,601]" name="Armenia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Armenia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, S. Caucasus.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005724FF9F7383A609F22ADB0B" box="[435,542,580,601]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="lectotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05724FF9F7383A609F22ADB0B" bold="true" box="[435,542,580,601]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Lectotype</emphasis>
|
||
</typeStatus>
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||
3
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05724FF9F700AA60EF2DDDB0B" bold="true" box="[570,745,579,602]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">designated here.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB236A25724FF9F72A7A62FF47CDB2A" blockId="8.[151,1437,395,632]" box="[151,1096,610,632]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1D118C5724FF9F72A7A62FF47CDB2A" box="[151,1096,610,632]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215724FF9F72A7A62FF2DEDB2A" ID-CoL="5HHQ6" authority="Wehrli, 1953: 565" authorityName="Wehrli" authorityPageNumber="565" authorityYear="1953" box="[151,746,610,632]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="melanotaenia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05724FF9F72A7A62FF210DB2A" box="[151,548,610,632]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Gnopharmia colchidaria melanotaenia</emphasis>
|
||
: Wehrli, 1953: 565
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pl. 47d;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAC10B35724FF9F7178A62EF470DB2A" author="Parsons" box="[840,1092,610,632]" page="406" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1999">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B535724FF9F7178A62EF425DB2A" author="Parsons" box="[840,1041,610,632]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Parsons, M. S., Scoble, M. J., Honey, H. R., Pitkin, L. M. & Pitkin, R. B. (1999) The catalogue. in: Scoble, M. J., ed. Geometrid Moths of the world: a catalogue (Lepidoptera, Geometridae). Collingwood: CSIRO Publishing, 1046 pp." type="book" year="1999">Parsons et al., 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 406
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31765295724FF9F72A7A6E9F177DDE6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="materials_examined">
|
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<paragraph id="8BB236A25724FF9F72A7A6E9F177DDE6" blockId="8.[151,1437,675,1996]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05724FF9F72A7A6E9F18BDBEE" bold="true" box="[151,447,675,700]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<typeStatus id="54B688005724FF9F72A7A6E9F0E6DBEE" box="[151,210,676,700]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material examined.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005724FF9F73FCA6E9F200DBEE" box="[460,564,676,700]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
Ƥ of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215724FF9F7046A6E9F2C3DBEE" box="[630,759,676,700]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colchidaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05724FF9F7046A6E9F2C3DBEE" box="[630,759,676,700]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">colchidaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ‘Helenendorf’ [Göygöl, West Azarbaijan] [1870], ‘Origin’, ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215724FF9F7290A685F115DBB2" box="[160,289,712,736]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colchidaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05724FF9F7290A685F115DBB2" box="[160,289,712,736]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">colchidaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’, ‘GloblnG specimen ID: 0021’, ‘gen. prep. 408/2009 H. R.’, ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215724FF9F71D6A685F508DB8D" authority="Lederer, 1870" authorityName="Lederer" authorityYear="1870" box="[998,1340,711,736]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colchidaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05724FF9F71D6A685F4B2DBB2" box="[998,1158,712,736]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">G. colchidaria</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B535724FF9F76A5A68AF500DB8D" author="Lederer" box="[1173,1332,711,735]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Lederer, J. (1870) Contributions a La Faune des Lepidopteres de la Transcaucasie. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 13, 39 - 48." type="journal article" year="1870">Lederer, 1870</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
| det. H. R., 2009’; in coll. Staudinger in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1CAE675724FF9F7035A6A0F26ADA56" box="[517,606,749,772]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">MNHU</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005724FF9F7042A6A0F2D6DA57" box="[626,738,749,773]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
3 of
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05724FF9F7115A6A1F389DA56" box="[805,957,748,772]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">melanotaenia</emphasis>
|
||
, (examined, hereby designated in order to stabilize nomenclature): ‘18 | 46’, ‘Migry, |
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325724FF9F70B6A742F2DCDA75" box="[646,744,783,807]" name="Armenia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Armenia</collectingCountry>
|
||
|
|
||
<date id="FFB310625724FF9F70CDA742F348DA75" box="[765,892,783,807]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="1931-07-06">6.VII.1931</date>
|
||
’ [= Meghri, prov. Syunik,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325724FF9F769AA742F53BDA75" box="[1194,1295,783,807]" name="Armenia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Armenia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, close to the Iranian border], ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215724FF9F7369A779F246DA1E" box="[345,626,820,844]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colchidaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05724FF9F7369A779F246DA1E" box="[345,626,820,844]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Gnopharmia colchidaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
det. Rjabov, 3, Type’, ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215724FF9F71B8A779F5A3DA1E" authority="Wehrli" authorityName="Wehrli" box="[904,1431,820,844]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="melanotaenia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05724FF9F71B8A779F575DA1E" box="[904,1345,820,844]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Gnopharmia colchidaria melanotaenia</emphasis>
|
||
Wehrli
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 3, Holotype’, ‘gen. prep. 415/2008 H. R.’, ‘
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05724FF9F70B4A715F32BDA22" box="[644,799,856,880]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">G. c o l c h i d a r i a</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B535724FF9F7101A71AF3FBDA3D" author="Lederer" box="[817,975,855,879]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Lederer, J. (1870) Contributions a La Faune des Lepidopteres de la Transcaucasie. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 13, 39 - 48." type="journal article" year="1870">Lederer, 1870</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) | det. H. R., 2009’ [specimen labelled as “
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005724FF9F7291A731F133DAC6" box="[161,263,892,916]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
” after description by Wehrli]. In coll.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1CAE675724FF9F7082A730F334DAC6" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" box="[690,768,893,916]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">ZFMK</collectionCode>
|
||
at present, but will be transferred to
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1CAE675724FF9F76ADA731F4E2DAC6" box="[1181,1238,892,916]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">ZISP</collectionCode>
|
||
, as announced by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B535724FF9F72A7A7D2F14ADAE5" author="Wehrli" box="[151,382,927,951]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Wehrli, E. (1938) Nachtrag zu meiner Arbeit in Nr. 31 d. J. Seite 354 [Neue Gattungen, Untergattungen, Arten und Rassen von Geometriden (Lep.).]. Entomologische Rundschau, 55 (37), 433 - 434." type="journal article" year="1938">Wehrli (1938: 434)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005724FF9F73A0A7D2F21CDAE5" box="[400,552,927,951]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
Ƥ, ‘18 | 49’, ‘Migry, |
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325724FF9F7167A7D2F38DDAE5" box="[855,953,927,951]" name="Armenia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Armenia</collectingCountry>
|
||
|
|
||
<date id="FFB310625724FF9F71EBA7D2F468DAE5" box="[987,1116,927,951]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="1931-07-06">6.VII.1931</date>
|
||
’, ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215724FF9F764EA7EDF198DA89" authority="Wehrli, P" authorityName="Wehrli, P" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="melanotaenia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05724FF9F764EA7EDF104DA8E" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Gnopharmia colchidaria melanotaenia</emphasis>
|
||
Wehrli, Ƥ
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ‘Allotype’, ‘gen. prep. 416/2008 H. R.’, ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215724FF9F7195A788F532DA8E" authority="Lederer, 1870" authorityName="Lederer" authorityYear="1870" box="[933,1286,964,988]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colchidaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05724FF9F7195A788F47CDA8E" box="[933,1096,964,988]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">G. colchidaria</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B535724FF9F766BA789F4CADA8E" author="Lederer" box="[1115,1278,964,988]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Lederer, J. (1870) Contributions a La Faune des Lepidopteres de la Transcaucasie. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 13, 39 - 48." type="journal article" year="1870">Lederer, 1870</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
| det. H. R., 2009’, [specimen labelled subsequently as “Allotype” by Wehrli]. In coll.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1CAE675724FF9F7635A7A5F467DAAD" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" box="[1029,1107,1000,1023]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">ZFMK</collectionCode>
|
||
at present, but will also be transferred to
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1CAE675724FF9F7303A041F159DD76" box="[307,365,1036,1060]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">ZISP</collectionCode>
|
||
. Further
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005724FF9F73FFA041F241DD76" box="[463,629,1036,1060]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
: 6 3, 8 Ƥ, Russ.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325724FF9F7100A041F397DD76" box="[816,931,1036,1060]" name="Armenia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Armenien</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Migry,
|
||
<date id="FFB310625724FF9F71CFA041F470DD76" box="[1023,1092,1036,1060]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">6.VII.</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFB310625724FF9F767FA041F4A6DD76" box="[1103,1170,1036,1060]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">8.VII.</date>
|
||
[1]931, leg. M. Rjabov,
|
||
<date id="FFB310625724FF9F72A7A07DF0D7DD1A" box="[151,227,1072,1096]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">3 gen.</date>
|
||
preps 911, 924 & 925, SEM preparation nos 16 & 17, Ƥ gen. preps 887, 888 & 889, SEM preparation nos 18 & 33/2010 H. R., Wehrli gen. prep. no. 7218; 1 3, Transkauk., fl. Arax, distr. Dzhulfa, pr. Dzhuga,
|
||
<date id="FFB310625724FF9F773BA019F545DD3E" box="[1291,1393,1108,1132]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="1932-06-27">27.VI.32</date>
|
||
, M. Rjabov, Wehrli gen. prep. no. 7222; in coll.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1CAE675724FF9F70BAA035F2ECDDDD" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" box="[650,728,1144,1167]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">ZFMK</collectionCode>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1CAE675724FF9F7120A03AF37DDDDD" box="[784,841,1143,1167]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">ZISP</collectionCode>
|
||
(1 3, 1 Ƥ). Additional material studied: 38 3, 13 Ƥ (see appendix).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31765295724FF9F72F7A0F2F32CDE9E" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB236A25724FF9F72F7A0F2F32CDE9E" blockId="8.[151,1437,675,1996]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05724FF9F72F7A0F2F16DDD8A" bold="true" box="[199,345,1215,1240]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Wings and body (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A275724FF9F701EA0F2F2A3DD85" box="[558,663,1215,1239]" captionStart="FIGURE 5 – 7. G" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1905,1928]" captionTargetBox="[177,1393,217,1851]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[151,1436,193,1882]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 5 – 7. G. colchidaria colchidaria. 5: holotype, female; 6: G. c. melanotaenia, lectotype, male (labelled as “ holotype ” by Wehrli); 7: G. c. melanotaenia, a: paralectotype, female (labelled as “ Allotype ” by Wehrli), b & c: colour variants, both from Arax (Armenia); FIGURE 8 – 9. G. cocandaria, 8: holotype, male; 9: G. rubraria subrubraria, lectotype, male. a, upperside; b, under side (except fig. 7 - b); c, original label (except fig. 7 - c). Scale bar: 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214981/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs 5–7</figureCitation>
|
||
). Frons moderately extended, distally rounded, with a weak central protrusion. Genae antero-ventrally with an acute process. Free apical flagellomeres in male antennae 12. Spine of fore tibia short (fig. 2c), triangular, without acute tip. Wingspan
|
||
<quantity id="4CF59B475724FF9F7145A14AF3C6DC4D" box="[885,1010,1287,1311]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="25.0" valueMax="26.0" valueMin="24.0">24–26 mm</quantity>
|
||
, ground colour of wings light brown. Forewing with antemedial, medial and postmedial line represented by a few brown spots, most conspicuous those on costa. Postmedial incurved in the middle, sometimes the spots connected by a narrow, orange line. Space between postmedial and the light, strongly dentate submarginal line coloured dark grey, forming a distinct band. Marginal area often like medial and basal area, but more often darker, being strongly striated dark grey. Always a light apical patch present. Hindwings with two transverse lines only, also represented by a few dots, the basal one sometimes as a short, continuous line. Submarginal area like in fore wings. Under side with basal two thirds greyish-white and a well-bordered dark grey submarginal band in which the pale creamy forewing apical spot is clearly visible. Discal dots large and clear on under side, but also conspicuous on upperside. Variation. Frequently darkened specimens occur which are transitional to the extremely dark female
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005724FF9F7632A201F450DF36" box="[1026,1124,1612,1636]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(fig. 5). The two specimens mentioned by Wehrli (1953: 565) have the hindwings completely dusted with grey, but the forewings still show remnants of the lighter ground colour (fig. 7b). Other specimens (e.g. two males from Khosrov reserve,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325724FF9F7703A2D9F5ACDFFE" box="[1331,1432,1684,1708]" name="Armenia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Armenia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFB310625724FF9F72A7A2F5F13BDF82" box="[151,271,1720,1744]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="1997-09">Sept. 1997</date>
|
||
) also have the forewings heavily dusted with grey and three females of the same locality are completely dark grey, like or even somewhat darker than the female
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005724FF9F7129A291F34ADFA6" box="[793,894,1756,1780]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. Also reddish specimens may occur, resembling
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05724FF9F72A7A34DF127DE4A" box="[151,275,1792,1816]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">G. r u b r a r i a</emphasis>
|
||
(fig. 7c; three males,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325724FF9F7023A34DF24CDE4A" box="[531,632,1792,1816]" name="Armenia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Armenia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Negram and Darasham). Male genitalia and pre-genital abdomen (fig. 37). Proximal tooth-like projections of sacculus larger than distal ones. Aedeagus long (1.4–1.8 mm), with a small ventral fin almost at middle (i.e. coecum penis very long). Distal subapical spines absent, proximal subapical spines present, arranged in a curved row, consisting of 2–3 (rarely up to 5) cone-shaped spines, increasing in size towards apex (maximum length 0.15 mm). Cornuti on the vesica minute, 2–3 basally fused, very small spines. Sternite A8 with octavals long (0.4–0.5 mm) and slender.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31765295725FF9E72F7A4DAF236DDEE" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB236A25725FF9E72F7A4DAF43FDBF6" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2037]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E72F7A4DAF175D9E2" bold="true" box="[199,321,151,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
As described above,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E700DA4D5F35FD9E2" box="[573,875,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="colchidaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E700DA4D5F35FD9E2" box="[573,875,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. colchidaria colchidaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a very variable subspecies and may be easily mistaken with other subspecies or species of the genus, recognizing external appearance only. Geographical distribution gives a good hint for the start, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E708FA4ADF36BD9A5" box="[703,863,223,247]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="colchidaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E708FA4ADF36BD9A5" box="[703,863,223,247]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">c. colchidaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the only (sub-) species known to occur in S. Caucasus region. However, it also occurs in E.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325725FF9E7085A54EF331D849" box="[693,773,259,283]" name="Turkey" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||
and NW.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325725FF9E714BA549F39FD849" box="[891,939,260,283]" name="Iran" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
, approaching the areas of other taxa like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E77B4A549F0CCD86D" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnophos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubraria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E77B4A549F0CCD86D" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. rubraria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and that of its own subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E7056A565F3B5D86D" box="[614,897,295,319]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="sinesefida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E7056A565F3B5D86D" box="[614,897,295,319]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. colchidaria sinesefida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Moreover,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E763FA565F4A1D86D" box="[1039,1173,295,319]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irakensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E763FA565F4A1D86D" box="[1039,1173,295,319]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. irakensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known to be a very widespread species which also has been found in E.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325725FF9E70DAA507F30ED830" box="[746,826,330,354]" name="Turkey" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||
and may be found in S. Caucasus. The male genitalia provide useful characters to distinguish these species and subspecies.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E71F2A522F4EBD8D4" box="[962,1247,366,390]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="sinesefida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E71F2A522F4EBD8D4" box="[962,1247,366,390]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. colchidaria sinesefida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
whose range of distribution also reaches NW.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325725FF9E73DCA5DEF22DD8F8" box="[492,537,403,426]" name="Iran" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
(see map 1), shares some characters with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E71CAA5DEF4A2D8F8" box="[1018,1174,402,426]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="colchidaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E71CAA5DEF4A2D8F8" box="[1018,1174,402,426]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">c. colchidaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g. size and shape of aedeagus and general form of valva and its ornamentations). Diagnostic characters to distinguish both are: more broadly rounded sacculus (rather narrow in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E70B7A597F327D8A3" box="[647,787,473,497]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="sinesefida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E70B7A597F327D8A3" box="[647,787,473,497]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">c. sinesefida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), with proximal tooth-like projection narrow and sharply pointed (rather stout and rounded in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E7002A5B3F288DB47" box="[562,700,509,533]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="sinesefida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E7002A5B3F288DB47" box="[562,700,509,533]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">c. sinesefida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); proximal subapical spines of aedeagus are arranged in a curved row reaching from ventral side of aedeagus up to dorsal side (a straight row situated more dorsally in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E7731A66FF5BFDB6B" box="[1281,1419,545,569]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="sinesefida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E7731A66FF5BFDB6B" box="[1281,1419,545,569]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">c. sinesefida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); distal subapical spines absent (at least one spine present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E7178A60BF3E1DB0F" box="[840,981,581,605]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="sinesefida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E7178A60BF3E1DB0F" box="[840,981,581,605]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">c. sinesefida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); cornuti 2–3 very small, basally fused spines (a rather large group of 3–4 composite spines in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E7130A624F3BEDBD2" box="[768,906,616,640]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="sinesefida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E7130A624F3BEDBD2" box="[768,906,616,640]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">c. sinesefida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (figs 36-c, 37-c). Octavals in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E76D2A624F5A8DBD2" box="[1250,1436,616,640]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="colchidaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E76D2A624F5A8DBD2" box="[1250,1436,616,640]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. c. colchidaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are slightly longer and narrower than those in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E70ABA6C0F370DBF6" box="[667,836,652,676]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="sinesefida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E70ABA6C0F370DBF6" box="[667,836,652,676]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. c. sinesefida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(figs 36-d, 37-d).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB236A25725FF9E72F7A6FDF236DDEE" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2037]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E72F7A6FDF158DB9A" box="[199,364,688,712]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasrunensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E72F7A6FDF158DB9A" box="[199,364,688,712]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. kasrunensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E7399A6FDF21BDB9A" box="[425,559,688,712]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irakensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E7399A6FDF21BDB9A" box="[425,559,688,712]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. irakensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are easily distinguished by the very long proximal subapical spines in both species (short, cone-shaped in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E73C1A699F298DBBE" box="[497,684,724,748]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="colchidaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E73C1A699F298DBBE" box="[497,684,724,748]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. c. colchidaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the extremely broad sacculus in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E7602A699F4A3DBBE" box="[1074,1175,724,748]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irakensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E7602A699F4A3DBBE" box="[1074,1175,724,748]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">irakensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(fig. 39-a), with toothlike projections differing strongly in size (distal one reduced), the small, tooth-like projections of the same size in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E72A7A756F12FDA61" box="[151,283,795,819]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasrunensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E72A7A756F12FDA61" box="[151,283,795,819]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">kasrunensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(fig. 41-a). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E738FA756F210DA61" box="[447,548,795,819]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irakensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E738FA756F210DA61" box="[447,548,795,819]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">irakensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the ventral fin of the aedeagus is absent (fig. 39) (present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E76F9A756F57EDA61" box="[1225,1354,795,819]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colchidaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E76F9A756F57EDA61" box="[1225,1354,795,819]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">colchidaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and all other species). The octavals are more rounded at the tip and not curved (strongly curved in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E76A8A772F528DA05" box="[1176,1308,831,855]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasrunensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E76A8A772F528DA05" box="[1176,1308,831,855]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">kasrunensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; fig. 41-d). Differential characters to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E73FCA72EF267DA29" box="[460,595,867,891]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnophos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubraria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E73FCA72EF267DA29" box="[460,595,867,891]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. rubraria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
see under the latter species. Barcoding results indicate that the taxa
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E72A7A7CBF12CDACC" box="[151,280,902,926]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colchidaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E72A7A7CBF12CDACC" box="[151,280,902,926]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">colchidaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(+
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E737BA7CBF1D7DACC" box="[331,483,902,926]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">melanotaenia</emphasis>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E7031A7CBF245DACC" box="[513,625,902,926]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinesefida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E7031A7CBF245DACC" box="[513,625,902,926]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">sinesefida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E7084A7CBF313DACC" box="[692,807,902,926]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnophos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="objectaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E7084A7CBF313DACC" box="[692,807,902,926]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">objectaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(+
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E716AA7CBF3D7DACC" box="[858,995,902,926]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="degeneraria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E716AA7CBF3D7DACC" box="[858,995,902,926]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">degeneraria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) are conspecific (maximum pairwise distances less than 1.1%) and we treat them here as subspecies of one species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E7620A7E7F511DA90" authority="Lederer. But" authorityName="Lederer. But" box="[1040,1317,938,962]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colchidaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E7620A7E7F4A5DA90" box="[1040,1169,938,962]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">colchidaria</emphasis>
|
||
Lederer. But
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
according to their differences in morphology, geographic distribution and biology (as far as known), they are rather well separated. They could also be considered as sister-species or species ‘in statu nascendi’ which have not yet been isolated for sufficient time to be significantly diverged at the CO1 gene. Especially
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E7665A05BF5B4DD7F" box="[1109,1408,1045,1069]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="colchidaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E7665A05BF5B4DD7F" box="[1109,1408,1045,1069]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. colchidaria colchidaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is separated from the other two subspecies by a number of rather distinctive characters (shape of frons, short tibial spines (fig. 2-c), arrangement of proximal subapical spines on aedeagus, geographical range and different food plant) which, at an earlier state of this paper and without having obtained the barcoding results, led us to treat
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E72A7A0E9F12CDDEE" box="[151,280,1188,1212]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colchidaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E72A7A0E9F12CDDEE" box="[151,280,1188,1212]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">colchidaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a distinct species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31765295725FF9E72F7A08AF257DEA7" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB236A25725FF9E72F7A08AF117DE49" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2037]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E72F7A08AF1A3DDB2" bold="true" box="[199,407,1223,1248]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Taxonomic notes.</emphasis>
|
||
The description of
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E7044A085F324DDB2" box="[628,784,1224,1248]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. c o l c h i d a r i a</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B535725FF9E7113A085F3F7DDB2" author="Lederer" box="[803,963,1224,1248]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Lederer, J. (1870) Contributions a La Faune des Lepidopteres de la Transcaucasie. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 13, 39 - 48." type="journal article" year="1870">Lederer, 1870</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) was based on one female specimen only, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005725FF9E72F5A0A1F0C1DC56" box="[197,245,1260,1284]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality stated as “Achalziche”. Already
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B535725FF9E70D5A0A6F3C7DC51" author="Staudinger" box="[741,1011,1259,1283]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Staudinger, O. (1892) Neue Arten u Varietaten von palaarktischen Geometriden. Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift Iris, 5, 141 - 260." type="journal article" year="1892">Staudinger (1892: 181)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentioned that this
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005725FF9E76DDA0A1F514DC56" box="[1261,1312,1260,1284]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
|
||
, which he received together with the whole Lederer collection, was labelled “Helenendorf” (in Lederers handwriting). Achalziche (Achalzich, Akhalzikhe) is situated in SW
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325725FF9E7127A17EF340DC19" box="[791,884,1331,1355]" name="Georgia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Georgia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, “Helenendorf” (renamed Khanlar or Hanlar in 1938 and again in 2008 to the present Göygöl or Geugoel) (Zolotuhin,
|
||
<date id="FFB310625725FF9E71F3A11AF406DC3D" box="[963,1074,1367,1391]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2011-10">
|
||
Oct.
|
||
<quantity id="4CF59B475725FF9E71CBA11AF406DC3D" box="[1019,1074,1367,1391]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.10794" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="in" value="2011.0">2011</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
in litt.) in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325725FF9E769FA11AF519DC3D" box="[1199,1325,1367,1391]" name="Azerbaijan" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Azerbaijan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, far away from each other. However, both localities are mentioned frequently in the paper of Lederer and probably he just confounded them. The very detailed description in French (the short Latin one is rough) agrees exactly with the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005725FF9E72A7A18EF0F3DC89" box="[151,199,1475,1499]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen which also Wehrli (1953: 565) studied and accepted as such. The female
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005725FF9E7649A18FF4EFDC88" box="[1145,1243,1474,1498]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is a dark, almost melanic specimen with only a few pattern elements left on upperside (see fig. 5). Males have not been collected together with the female
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005725FF9E7381A244F222DF73" box="[433,534,1545,1569]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, but we examined various populations from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325725FF9E763CA244F4BEDF73" box="[1036,1162,1545,1569]" name="Azerbaijan" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Azerbaijan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325725FF9E76A6A244F4CCDF73" box="[1174,1272,1545,1569]" name="Armenia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Armenia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(including the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005725FF9E72A7A263F0F3DF14" box="[151,199,1582,1606]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material of “ssp.”
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E73A9A260F205DF17" box="[409,561,1581,1605]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">melanotaenia</emphasis>
|
||
Wehrli) and the northwestern border of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325725FF9E71C3A263F417DF17" box="[1011,1059,1582,1605]" name="Iran" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
, which all showed high similarity (e.g. arrangement of the subapical spines of the aedeagus, length and shape of the octavals of sternite A8). Finally, it appeared most likely to us that the “ssp.”
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E7083A238F37FDFDF" box="[691,843,1653,1677]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">melanotaenia</emphasis>
|
||
Wehrli represents the “normal” or most common appearance of the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E73F0A2D5F275DFE2" box="[448,577,1688,1712]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colchidaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E73F0A2D5F275DFE2" box="[448,577,1688,1712]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">colchidaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with females predominantly very similar to males. However, there are two females from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005725FF9E7355A2F0F1A1DF87" box="[357,405,1725,1749]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E702FA2F1F283DF86" box="[543,695,1724,1748]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">melanotaenia</emphasis>
|
||
-already mentioned by Wehrli, l. c.-which are transitional to the melanic female
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005725FF9E7361A292F187DFA5" box="[337,435,1759,1783]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and another three females from Khosrov,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325725FF9E7194A292F432DFA5" box="[932,1030,1759,1783]" name="Armenia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Armenia</collectingCountry>
|
||
which are even darker and almost unicolorous.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB236A25725FF9E72F7A36AF257DEA7" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2037]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E72F7A36AF1DDDE12" bold="true" box="[199,489,1831,1856]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Life history and habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
The biology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E70ACA365F3F0DE6D" box="[668,964,1831,1855]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="colchidaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E70ACA365F3F0DE6D" box="[668,964,1831,1855]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. colchidaria colchidaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is unknown. In the light of the fact that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E77B4A365F1A7DE31" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="sinesefida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E77B4A365F1A7DE31" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. colchidaria sinesefida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325725FF9E73EFA301F238DE31" box="[479,524,1868,1891]" name="Iran" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
has been found to be monophagous on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E71D8A301F574DE31" box="[1000,1344,1867,1891]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Prunus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scoparia" subGenus="Amygdalus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E71D8A301F40DDE31" box="[1000,1081,1868,1891]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Prunus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E767DA306F4FDDE31" box="[1101,1225,1867,1891]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Amygdalus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E76EEA301F574DE31" box="[1246,1344,1868,1891]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">scoparia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B535725FF9E7762A306F1B8DED5" author="Rajaei" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Rajaei, H. (2010) Life-history of Gnopharmia kasrunensis Wehrli, 1939 and G. colchidaria Lederer, 1870 (Geometridae, Ennominae) and their distribution in Iran, with first host-plant records for the genus. Bonn zoological Bulletin, 57 (1), 65 - 73." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Rajaei 2010, as ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E7334A322F1B1DED5" box="[260,389,1903,1927]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colchidaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E7334A322F1B1DED5" box="[260,389,1903,1927]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">colchidaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and the distribution of
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E7094A33DF36EDED5" box="[676,858,1903,1927]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. c. c o l c h i d a r i a</emphasis>
|
||
is highly congruent with the distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E777BA33DF1DADEF8" authority="Fritsch" authorityName="Fritsch" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Prunus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fenzliana" subGenus="Amygdalus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E777BA33DF5A8DED5" box="[1355,1436,1904,1927]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Prunus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E7290A3DEF128DEF9" box="[160,284,1939,1963]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Amygdalus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E731FA3DEF1A1DEF9" box="[303,405,1939,1963]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">fenzliana</emphasis>
|
||
Fritsch
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E73CFA3DFF25ADEF8" box="[511,622,1938,1962]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
; cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B535725FF9E7092A3DFF3EDDEF8" author="Browicz" box="[674,985,1938,1962]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Browicz, K. & Zieninski, J. (1984) Chorology of Trees and Shrubs in South-West Asia and Adjucent Regions. Vol. 4, Warszawa- Poznen, Polish scientific publishers." type="journal volume" year="1984">Browicz & Zieniński 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), we assume the latter may be the host plant.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215725FF9E72EDA3F7F1ADDE83" box="[221,409,1977,2001]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="colchidaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05725FF9E72EDA3F7F1ADDE83" box="[221,409,1977,2001]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. c. colchidaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been collected on 24th of May (Elazig,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325725FF9E71B3A3F4F3E1DE83" box="[899,981,1977,2001]" name="Turkey" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||
) as the earliest and on 13th of September (Khosrov reserve,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325725FF9E7356A390F1FEDEA7" box="[358,458,2013,2037]" name="Armenia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Armenia</collectingCountry>
|
||
) as the latest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31765295726FF9D72F7A4DAF2DFDCB2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB236A25726FF9D72F7A4DAF113D9A5" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,247]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05726FF9D72F7A4DAF16DD9E2" bold="true" box="[199,345,151,176]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
(Map 1A). The nominate subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215726FF9D7129A4D5F38CD9E2" box="[793,952,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colchidaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05726FF9D7129A4D5F38CD9E2" box="[793,952,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. colchidaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distributed in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325726FF9D7643A4DAF4ECD9FD" box="[1139,1240,151,175]" name="Armenia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Armenia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325726FF9D76D3A4DAF555D9FD" box="[1251,1377,151,175]" name="Azerbaijan" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Azerbaijan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, East
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325726FF9D72A7A4F6F0D3D981" box="[151,231,187,211]" name="Turkey" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||
(new record) and also along the north-western border of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325726FF9D714DA4F1F39AD981" box="[893,942,188,211]" name="Iran" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Records of elevation are between 200 and
|
||
<quantity id="4CF59B475726FF9D72A7A492F0D8D9A5" box="[151,236,223,247]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="m" value="2400.0">2400 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB236A25726FF9D72A7A0A3F2BDDC34" blockId="10.[151,1436,1262,1504]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05726FF9D72A7A0A3F0D8DC55" bold="true" box="[151,236,1262,1287]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">MAP1.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution patterns of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215726FF9D73CFA0BDF312DC55" box="[511,806,1263,1287]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="colchidaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05726FF9D73CFA0BDF312DC55" box="[511,806,1263,1287]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. colchidaria colchidaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215726FF9D7104A0BDF3D5DC55" box="[820,993,1263,1287]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="objectaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05726FF9D7104A0BDF3D5DC55" box="[820,993,1263,1287]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. c. objectaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215726FF9D7627A0BDF4F4DC55" box="[1047,1216,1263,1287]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="colchidaria" subSpecies="sinesefida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05726FF9D7627A0BDF4F4DC55" box="[1047,1216,1263,1287]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. c. sinesefida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
A. Map section (S. Caucasus): 1. Dzhuga [Dzhulfa]; 2. Ordubad; 3. Meghri (Migri, Megri) (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005726FF9D7650A15EF4B9DC7A" box="[1120,1165,1299,1320]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05726FF9D7739A15EF115DC15" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. c o l c h i d a r i a melanotaenia</emphasis>
|
||
); 4. Goris; 5. Helenendorf (Göygöl), W
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325726FF9D708EA17CF319DC15" box="[702,813,1329,1351]" name="Azerbaijan" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Azerbaijan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005726FF9D710AA17FF353DC15" box="[826,871,1330,1351]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05726FF9D71ECA17FF45DDC15" box="[988,1129,1329,1351]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. c o l c h i d a r i a</emphasis>
|
||
); 6. Achalziche (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005726FF9D772CA17FF57DDC15" box="[1308,1353,1330,1351]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05726FF9D7282A11CF10BDC34" box="[178,319,1360,1382]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. c o l c h i d a r i a</emphasis>
|
||
according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B535726FF9D73FDA11DF26ADC37" author="Lederer" box="[461,606,1360,1382]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Lederer, J. (1870) Contributions a La Faune des Lepidopteres de la Transcaucasie. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 13, 39 - 48." type="journal article" year="1870">Lederer, 1870</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 39)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB236A25726FF9D72A7A122F2DFDCB2" blockId="10.[151,1436,1262,1504]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
B. Map: 7. Ashkhabad, Akhal-Tekke region (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005726FF9D7050A122F2B9DCD6" box="[608,653,1391,1412]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215726FF9D7131A122F3A6DCD7" box="[769,914,1391,1413]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colchidaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05726FF9D7131A122F3A6DCD7" box="[769,914,1391,1413]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. colchidaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215726FF9D71A8A122F41FDCD7" box="[920,1067,1391,1413]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="colchidaria" variety="objectaria">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05726FF9D71F3A122F41FDCD7" box="[963,1067,1391,1413]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">objectaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05726FF9D766CA122F4DDDCD7" box="[1116,1257,1391,1413]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. c o l c h i d a r i a</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215726FF9D76C3A122F0F5DCF1" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="colchidaria" variety="degeneraria">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05726FF9D772FA122F0F5DCF1" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">degeneraria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 8. Mardin (locality of the female
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005726FF9D7018A1C0F284DCF1" box="[552,688,1421,1443]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05726FF9D70E2A1C3F36ADCF1" box="[722,862,1421,1443]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. c o l c h i d a r i a</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215726FF9D7158A1C3F3C9DCF1" box="[872,1021,1421,1443]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="colchidaria" variety="objectaria">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05726FF9D71A4A1C0F3C9DCF1" box="[916,1021,1421,1443]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">objectaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 9. Herat (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005726FF9D7640A1C0F4A9DCF0" box="[1136,1181,1421,1442]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05726FF9D7722A1C3F542DCF1" box="[1298,1398,1422,1443]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. i n e r m i s</emphasis>
|
||
); 10. Jussufabad (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005726FF9D7309A1E1F152DC93" box="[313,358,1452,1473]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215726FF9D73EAA1E1F29DDC90" box="[474,681,1452,1474]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="inermis" subSpecies="vartianae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05726FF9D73EAA1E1F29DDC90" box="[474,681,1452,1474]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. inermis vartianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215726FF9D70EAA1E1F3AADC90" box="[730,926,1452,1474]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnophos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="maculifera" subSpecies="kasyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05726FF9D70EAA1E1F3AADC90" box="[730,926,1452,1474]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. maculifera kasyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 11. Arghandab river (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005726FF9D76BCA1E1F48DDC93" box="[1164,1209,1452,1473]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215726FF9D771DA1E1F5B0DC90" box="[1325,1412,1452,1474]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eberti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05726FF9D771DA1E1F5B0DC90" box="[1325,1412,1452,1474]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. eberti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 12. Sine Sefid,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325726FF9D7302A186F154DCB2" box="[306,352,1483,1504]" name="Iran" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fars</collectingCountry>
|
||
, S.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A76325726FF9D73B5A186F19ADCB2" box="[389,430,1483,1504]" name="Iran" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688005726FF9D738BA186F1DCDCB2" box="[443,488,1483,1504]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D215726FF9D706CA186F2E9DCB2" box="[604,733,1482,1504]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gnopharmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinesefida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAB05726FF9D706CA186F2E9DCB2" box="[604,733,1482,1504]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. sinesefida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |