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<document id="9421984D5C8F6CB69470C6A267B203E3" ID-CLB-Dataset="27991" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4510.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f3128a32-5f0b-413e-a755-c859bdd7cac4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10072806" ID-ZooBank="EAA35595-0972-4CF8-A128-16267A59112B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553597889117" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ingrisch, Sigfrid" docDate="2018" docId="535994569765FFB3FF75FF1AFD0EBB2A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4510.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4510 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Gryllacris Ingrisch, 2018, stat. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="51" masterDocId="AF60EC2E9757FF81FFE2FF8DFFFEBF2F" masterDocTitle="New taxa and records of Gryllacrididae (Orthoptera, Stenopelmatoidea) from South East Asia and New Guinea with a key to the genera" masterLastPageNumber="278" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1699662454306" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="F259FB6EB70CFC3475ECACCF3E1BD0EE">New taxa and records of Gryllacrididae (Orthoptera, Stenopelmatoidea) from South East Asia and New Guinea with a key to the genera</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="72E004F8D25C5A5D9FDDFC1E4F914DA6">2018</mods:date>
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<treatment id="535994569765FFB3FF75FF1AFD0EBB2A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5986954" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154497772" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5986954" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:535994569765FFB3FF75FF1AFD0EBB2A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/535994569765FFB3FF75FF1AFD0EBB2A" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<subSubSection id="93EA76CB9765FFB3FF75FF1AFC9DBF9D" box="[151,867,151,178]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="DB4F25409765FFB3FF75FF1AFC9DBF9D" blockId="50.[151,867,151,178]" box="[151,867,151,178]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<heading id="8007922C9765FFB3FF75FF1AFC9DBF9D" bold="true" box="[151,867,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" reason="1">
<emphasis id="E984F9529765FFB3FF75FF1AFC9DBF9D" bold="true" box="[151,867,151,178]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="1CF05EC39765FFB3FF75FF1AFEEEBF9E" ID-CoL="8NS6V" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,272,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Gryllacris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E984F9529765FFB3FF75FF1AFEEEBF9E" bold="true" box="[151,272,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Gryllacris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subgenus
<taxonomicName id="1CF05EC39765FFB3FE73FF1AFD13BF9D" authority="Karny, 1937" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2018" box="[401,749,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Gryllacris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" status="stat. nov." subGenus="Pardogryllacris">
<emphasis id="E984F9529765FFB3FE73FF1AFDB2BF9E" bold="true" box="[401,588,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Pardogryllacris</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="BF6158B19765FFB3FDB6FF15FD13BF9D" author="Karny, H. H." box="[596,749,152,178]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref188147" refString="Karny, H. H. (1937) Orthoptera Fam. Gryllacrididae Subfamiliae omnes. In: Wytsman, P. [ed.]. Genera Insectorum, 206, 1 - 317, pls 1 - 7; Bruxelles (V. Verteneuil &amp; L. Desmet)." type="journal article" year="1937">Karny, 1937</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F2B744299765FFB3FD16FF15FC9DBF9D" box="[756,867,152,178]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="93EA76CB9765FFB3FF75FF53FE10BFDB" box="[151,494,222,244]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="DB4F25409765FFB3FF75FF53FE10BFDB" blockId="50.[151,693,222,275]" box="[151,494,222,244]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="FBE0026E9765FFB3FF75FF53FE10BFDB" box="[151,494,222,244]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<treatmentCitation id="5A5103519765FFB3FF75FF53FE10BFDB" author="Karny, H. H." box="[151,494,222,244]" page="169" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" year="1937">
<taxonomicName id="1CF05EC39765FFB3FF75FF53FE41BFDB" ID-CoL="8PVVM" authority="Karny, 1937" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,447,222,244]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Gryllacris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" status="stat. nov." subGenus="Pardogryllacris">
<emphasis id="E984F9529765FFB3FF75FF53FEC6BFDB" box="[151,312,222,244]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Pardogryllacris</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="BF6158B19765FFB3FEDFFF52FE41BFDB" author="Karny, H. H." box="[317,447,222,244]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref188147" refString="Karny, H. H. (1937) Orthoptera Fam. Gryllacrididae Subfamiliae omnes. In: Wytsman, P. [ed.]. Genera Insectorum, 206, 1 - 317, pls 1 - 7; Bruxelles (V. Verteneuil &amp; L. Desmet)." type="journal article" year="1937">Karny, 1937</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
: 169
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="93EA76CB9765FFB3FF75FF73FD4BBE3C" box="[151,693,253,275]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="DB4F25409765FFB3FF75FF73FD4BBE3C" blockId="50.[151,693,222,275]" box="[151,693,253,275]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<typeStatus id="044B9BE29765FFB3FF75FF73FF37BE3C" box="[151,201,254,275]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="1CF05EC39765FFB3FEC4FF70FD4BBE3C" authority="Gerstaecker, 1860" authorityName="Gerstaecker" authorityYear="1860" box="[294,693,253,275]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Gryllacris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pardalina">
<emphasis id="E984F9529765FFB3FEC4FF70FE09BE3C" box="[294,503,253,275]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Gryllacris pardalina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="BF6158B19765FFB3FE1FFF70FD4BBE3C" author="Gerstaecker, A." box="[509,693,253,275]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="245 - 278" refId="ref185001" refString="Gerstaecker, A. (1860) Ueber die Locustinen-Gattung Gryllacris Serv. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 26, 245 - 278." type="journal article" year="1860">Gerstaecker, 1860</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="93EA76CB9765FFB3FF75FEB2FD0EBB2A" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="DB4F25409765FFB3FF75FEB2FE75BC5B" blockId="50.[151,1437,319,1029]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="E984F9529765FFB3FF75FEB2FEE2BE77" bold="true" box="[151,284,319,344]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Discussion.</emphasis>
The genus was only based on coloration, the striking black cross-veins on the fore wings. The only sentence in
<bibRefCitation id="BF6158B19765FFB3FEFDFEE9FE37BE53" author="Karny, H. H." box="[287,457,356,380]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref188147" refString="Karny, H. H. (1937) Orthoptera Fam. Gryllacrididae Subfamiliae omnes. In: Wytsman, P. [ed.]. Genera Insectorum, 206, 1 - 317, pls 1 - 7; Bruxelles (V. Verteneuil &amp; L. Desmet)." type="journal article" year="1937">Karny's (1937)</bibRefCitation>
diagnosis of the genus that does not apply to the majority of the other species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="1CF05EC39765FFB3FF3CFE05FEAFBE8F" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2018" box="[222,337,392,416]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Gryllacris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E984F9529765FFB3FF3CFE05FEAFBE8F" box="[222,337,392,416]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Gryllacris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is &quot;Elytra with ferruginous longitudinal veins and conspicuous blackish cross veins&quot; (
<bibRefCitation id="BF6158B19765FFB3FAEDFE05FDF6BEEB" author="Karny, H. H." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref188147" refString="Karny, H. H. (1937) Orthoptera Fam. Gryllacrididae Subfamiliae omnes. In: Wytsman, P. [ed.]. Genera Insectorum, 206, 1 - 317, pls 1 - 7; Bruxelles (V. Verteneuil &amp; L. Desmet)." type="journal article" year="1937">Karny 1937, p. 169, translated from German</bibRefCitation>
). As coloration is usually a weak character for separation of genera, one might regard
<taxonomicName id="1CF05EC39765FFB3FF05FE5DFE67BEC7" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2018" box="[231,409,464,488]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Gryllacris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pardogryllacris">
<emphasis id="E984F9529765FFB3FF05FE5DFE67BEC7" box="[231,409,464,488]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Pardogryllacris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="1CF05EC39765FFB3FD6BFE5DFD02BEC7" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2018" box="[649,764,464,488]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Gryllacris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E984F9529765FFB3FD6BFE5DFD02BEC7" box="[649,764,464,488]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Gryllacris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, the species that I was able to study had a more strongly modified ninth male abdominal tergite compared to the
<taxonomicName id="1CF05EC39765FFB3FC97FE79FC27BD23" baseAuthorityName="Stoll" baseAuthorityYear="1813" box="[885,985,500,524]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Gryllacris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="signifera">
<emphasis id="E984F9529765FFB3FC97FE79FC27BD23" box="[885,985,500,524]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">signifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group insofar as the lateral areas of the ninth tergite were largely reduced or absent (
<figureCitation id="43CB39C59765FFB3FD74FD9AFD07BD1F" box="[662,761,535,560]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="56.[151,250,1855,1877]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@56.[151,1436,193,1833]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURE 14. Genus Gryllacris subgenus Pardogryllacris: A–E, G. (P.) longiloba Gorochov &amp; Dawwrueng, 2015; F–H, G. (P.) l. lineolata Serville, 1838, I–J, G. (P.) pardalina (Gerst.) holotype; K–L, Gryllacris iunior Griffini, 1913 (nec Brunner, 1888) probably identical with G. (P.) longiloba Gor. &amp; Daww.—Male abdominal apex in about lateral (A, D–E, L), apical (B, F–G, H), dorsal (J), and ventral view (C, I, K).—Abbreviations: 8th abdominal tergite, 9th ninth tergite, bp basal plate of ninth tergite, ce cercus, e epiproct, pr process of ninth tergite, sg subgenital plate, r ridge of basal plate, st stylus, ti tip of basal plate, tp tenth tergite–paraproct complex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10109042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10109042/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 14E</figureCitation>
) and the tergite as a whole or a large apical process of it is moveable against a basal plate on the underside of the eight tergite. In
<taxonomicName id="1CF05EC39765FFB3FC4AFDB1FB30BD7B" authority="Serville, 1838" authorityName="Serville" authorityYear="1838" box="[936,1230,572,597]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Gryllacris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lineolata">
<emphasis id="E984F9529765FFB3FC4AFDB1FBD5BD7B" box="[936,1067,572,596]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">G. lineolata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="BF6158B19765FFB3FBD3FDB1FB30BD7B" author="Serville, J. G. A." box="[1073,1230,572,597]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refId="ref189262" refString="Serville, J. G. A. (1838) Histoire naturelle des Insectes. Orthopteres. Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret [Collection des suites a Buffon]; Paris (Roret), xviii + 776 pp., pls 1 - 14 [The publication date of this work is usually given 1839 but it was actually published in December 1838]." type="book" year="1838">Serville, 1838</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
there is still a free dorsal area of the ninth tergite but a large apical area bent proximad. In
<taxonomicName id="1CF05EC39765FFB3FC57FDEDFAECBD57" authority="Gerstaecker, 1860" authorityName="Gerstaecker" authorityYear="1860" box="[949,1298,607,632]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Gryllacris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pardalina">
<emphasis id="E984F9529765FFB3FC57FDEDFBBEBD57" box="[949,1088,608,632]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">G. pardalina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="BF6158B19765FFB3FBA5FDD2FAECBD57" author="Gerstaecker, A." box="[1095,1298,607,632]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="245 - 278" refId="ref185001" refString="Gerstaecker, A. (1860) Ueber die Locustinen-Gattung Gryllacris Serv. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 26, 245 - 278." type="journal article" year="1860">Gerstaecker, 1860</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
only a short moveable apical area of the ninth tergite is visible from outside that is fixed at base to a large basal plate that sticks to the underside of the eight tergite and its surface is structured by ridges and furrows (
<figureCitation id="43CB39C59765FFB3FB77FD2AFB0DBDEF" box="[1173,1267,679,704]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="56.[151,250,1855,1877]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@56.[151,1436,193,1833]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURE 14. Genus Gryllacris subgenus Pardogryllacris: A–E, G. (P.) longiloba Gorochov &amp; Dawwrueng, 2015; F–H, G. (P.) l. lineolata Serville, 1838, I–J, G. (P.) pardalina (Gerst.) holotype; K–L, Gryllacris iunior Griffini, 1913 (nec Brunner, 1888) probably identical with G. (P.) longiloba Gor. &amp; Daww.—Male abdominal apex in about lateral (A, D–E, L), apical (B, F–G, H), dorsal (J), and ventral view (C, I, K).—Abbreviations: 8th abdominal tergite, 9th ninth tergite, bp basal plate of ninth tergite, ce cercus, e epiproct, pr process of ninth tergite, sg subgenital plate, r ridge of basal plate, st stylus, ti tip of basal plate, tp tenth tergite–paraproct complex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10109042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10109042/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Figs. 14</figureCitation>
I–J). A similar situation was found in
<taxonomicName id="1CF05EC39765FFB3FE76FD41FC76BDCA" authority="Gorochov &amp; Dawwrueng, 2015" authorityName="Gorochov &amp; Dawwrueng" authorityYear="2015" box="[404,904,716,741]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Gryllacris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longiloba">
<emphasis id="E984F9529765FFB3FE76FD41FDE1BDCB" box="[404,543,716,740]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">G. longiloba</emphasis>
Gorochov &amp; Dawwrueng, 2015
</taxonomicName>
, but the apical process is prolonged and flipped in situ to the underside of the basal plate. No free epiproct was found in the males of the latter species, but there are narrow but elongate and somewhat curved sclerites from the bases of cerci to midline where they overlap each other and cover the exit of the anus; below those sclerites there is a transparent lamella covering the membranous phallus (
<figureCitation id="43CB39C59765FFB3FF15FCD1FEB9BC5B" box="[247,327,860,885]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="56.[151,250,1855,1877]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@56.[151,1436,193,1833]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURE 14. Genus Gryllacris subgenus Pardogryllacris: A–E, G. (P.) longiloba Gorochov &amp; Dawwrueng, 2015; F–H, G. (P.) l. lineolata Serville, 1838, I–J, G. (P.) pardalina (Gerst.) holotype; K–L, Gryllacris iunior Griffini, 1913 (nec Brunner, 1888) probably identical with G. (P.) longiloba Gor. &amp; Daww.—Male abdominal apex in about lateral (A, D–E, L), apical (B, F–G, H), dorsal (J), and ventral view (C, I, K).—Abbreviations: 8th abdominal tergite, 9th ninth tergite, bp basal plate of ninth tergite, ce cercus, e epiproct, pr process of ninth tergite, sg subgenital plate, r ridge of basal plate, st stylus, ti tip of basal plate, tp tenth tergite–paraproct complex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10109042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10109042/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
B–C).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB4F25409765FFB3FF25FCF2FD0EBB2A" blockId="50.[151,1437,319,1029]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
Thus there are differences in the shapes of the ninth tergite to other species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="1CF05EC39765FFB3FB11FC0DFA98BCB7" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2018" box="[1267,1382,896,920]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Gryllacris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E984F9529765FFB3FB11FC0DFA98BCB7" box="[1267,1382,896,920]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Gryllacris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that character is however variable between species and there are transitional forms to the shapes in the
<taxonomicName id="1CF05EC39765FFB3FB0BFC29FAB3BC93" baseAuthorityName="Stoll" baseAuthorityYear="1813" box="[1257,1357,932,956]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Gryllacris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="signifera">
<emphasis id="E984F9529765FFB3FB0BFC29FAB3BC93" box="[1257,1357,932,956]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">signifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group. As the current study is incomplete it seems appropriate to keep
<taxonomicName id="1CF05EC39765FFB3FC83FC45FBEDBCCF" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2018" box="[865,1043,968,992]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Gryllacris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pardogryllacris">
<emphasis id="E984F9529765FFB3FC83FC45FBEDBCCF" box="[865,1043,968,992]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Pardogryllacris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a subgenus of
<taxonomicName id="1CF05EC39765FFB3FB39FC45FAB0BCCF" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2018" box="[1243,1358,968,992]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Gryllacris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E984F9529765FFB3FB39FC45FAB0BCCF" box="[1243,1358,968,992]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Gryllacris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
until a full revision of the genus will reveal a better solution.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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