187 lines
20 KiB
XML
187 lines
20 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="8858F69728AD2ED3CC5D011A44748C9B">Geographic distribution of the hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) of the world by countries and territories</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5E5008E417840B9B8A4B86D8AD5B8282">Guglielmone, Alberto A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="93882E937927912D490343BFD6BBA9FD">Nava, Santiago</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="428030BF76EB9B1F7BCA51806BE8A2E1">Robbins, Richard G.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03966A560F00C700BABF8A85B6EDFCD9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7718285" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209449993" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7718285" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03966A560F00C700BABF8A85B6EDFCD9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03966A560F00C700BABF8A85B6EDFCD9" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
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<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F00C700BABF8A85B73AFE1D" box="[151,596,438,465]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F00C700BABF8A85B73AFE1D" blockId="107.[151,1437,438,789]" box="[151,596,438,465]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F00C700BABF8A85B5D5FE1D" bold="true" box="[151,187,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">19.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F00C700BAEA8A84B721FE1D" ID-CoL="6MGGL" ID-ENA="1917745" authority="Schulze, 1920" authorityName="Schulze" authorityYear="1920" box="[194,591,438,465]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidum">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F00C700BAEA8A84B4CAFE1D" bold="true" box="[194,420,438,465]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Hyalomma nitidum</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F00C700BB848A85B721FE1D" author="Schulze, P." box="[428,591,439,465]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="189 - 196" refId="ref252457" refString="Schulze, P. (1920) Bestimmungstabelle f ¸ r das Zeckengenus Hyalomma Koch. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin, (5), 189 - 196. [this reference is usually cited as published in 1919]" type="journal article" year="1920">Schulze, 1920</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F00C700B8728A85B03BFDD5" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F00C700B8728A85B03BFDD5" blockId="107.[151,1437,438,789]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
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Afrotropical: 1)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F00C700B93B8A85B637FE1D" box="[787,857,439,465]" name="Benin" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Benin</collectingCountry>
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, 2)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F00C700B9AD8A85B171FE1D" box="[901,1055,439,465]" name="Burkina Faso" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Burkina Faso</collectingCountry>
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, 3)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F00C700BE638A85B1ADFE1D" box="[1099,1219,439,465]" name="Cameroon" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
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, 4)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F00C700BEC68A85B591FE39" name="Central African Republic" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
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, 5)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F00C700BB028AE9B40BFE39" box="[298,357,475,501]" name="Chad" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Chad</collectingCountry>
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(south), 6)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F00C700BBC18AE9B7D7FE39" box="[489,697,475,501]" name="Equatorial Guinea" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Equatorial Guinea</collectingCountry>
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, 7)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F00C700B8CC8AE9B656FE39" box="[740,824,475,501]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Guinea</collectingCountry>
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, 8)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F00C700B94A8AE9B687FE39" box="[866,1001,475,501]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Ivory Coast</collectingCountry>
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, 9)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F00C700BE3B8AE9B126FE39" box="[1043,1096,475,501]" name="Serbia" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Mali</collectingCountry>
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(south), 10)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F00C700BEF38AE9B05CFE39" box="[1243,1330,475,501]" name="Nigeria" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
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, 11)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F00C700BF418AE9B5A8FDD5" name="Senegal" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Senegal</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F00C700BAFC8ACDB4BBFDD5" author="Tomassone, L. & Camicas, J. L. & De Meneghi, D. & Di Giulio, A. & Uilenberg, G." box="[212,469,510,537]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="341 - 355" refId="ref259206" refString="Tomassone, L., Camicas, J. L., De Meneghi, D., Di Giulio, A. & Uilenberg, G. (2005) A note on Hyalomma nitidum, its distribution and its hosts. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 35, 341 - 355. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 004 - 2210 - 2" type="journal article" year="2005">
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Tomassone
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F00C700BB738ACDB4FDFDD5" box="[347,403,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">et al.</emphasis>
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2005
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F00C700BBF68ACDB65AFDD5" author="Apanaskevich, D. A. & Horak, I. G." box="[478,820,511,537]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="115 - 136" refId="ref170585" refString="Apanaskevich, D. A. & Horak, I. G. (2008 a) The genus Hyalomma. VI. Systematics of H. (Euhyalomma) truncatum and the closely related species, H. (E.) albiparmatum and H. (E.) nitidum (Acari: Ixodidae). Experimental and Applied Acarology, 44, 115 - 136. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 008 - 9136 - z" type="journal article" year="2008">
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Apanaskevich & Horak 2008
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F00C700B9008ACDB65AFDD5" author="Uilenberg, G. & Estrada-Pena, A. & Thal, J." box="[808,820,511,537]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="1 - 40" refId="ref260920" refString="Uilenberg, G., Estrada-Pena, A. & Thal, J. (2013) Ticks of the Central African Republic. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 60, 1 - 40. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 012 - 9605 - 2" type="journal article" year="2013">a</bibRefCitation>
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
, Uilenberg
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||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F00C700B99E8ACDB681FDD5" box="[950,1007,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">et al.</emphasis>
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||
2013,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F00C700BE138ACDB026FDD5" author="Ouedraogo, A. S. & Zannou, O. M. & Biguezoton, A. S. & Yao, K. P. & Belem, A. M. G. & Farougou, S. & Oosthuizen, M. & Saegerman, C. & Lempereur, L." box="[1083,1352,511,537]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref240388" refString="Ouedraogo, A. S., Zannou, O. M., Biguezoton, A. S., Yao, K. P., Belem, A. M. G., Farougou, S., Oosthuizen, M., Saegerman, C. & Lempereur, L. (2021 b) Cross border transhumance involvement in ticks and tick-borne pathogens dissemination and first evidence of Anaplasma centrale in Burkina Faso. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 12 (article 101781), 1 - 11. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ttbdis. 2021.101781" type="journal article" year="2021">
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||
Ouedraogo
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F00C700BE978ACDB199FDD5" box="[1215,1271,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">et al.</emphasis>
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2021b
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F00C700BAEF8911B6EDFCD9" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F00C700BAEF8911B01EFD01" blockId="107.[151,1437,438,789]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F00C700BAEF8911B75CFDF1" author="Apanaskevich, D. A. & Horak, I. G." box="[199,562,547,573]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="115 - 136" refId="ref170585" refString="Apanaskevich, D. A. & Horak, I. G. (2008 a) The genus Hyalomma. VI. Systematics of H. (Euhyalomma) truncatum and the closely related species, H. (E.) albiparmatum and H. (E.) nitidum (Acari: Ixodidae). Experimental and Applied Acarology, 44, 115 - 136. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 008 - 9136 - z" type="journal article" year="2008">Apanaskevich & Horak (2008a)</bibRefCitation>
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emphasized the difficulties involved in morphologically separating adults of
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F00C700BABF8975B4D4FDAD" authorityName="Schulze" authorityYear="1920" box="[151,442,583,609]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albiparmatum">
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||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F00C700BABF8975B4D4FDAD" box="[151,442,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Hyalomma albiparmatum</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F00C700BBE28975B7CBFDAD" authorityName="Schulze" authorityYear="1920" box="[458,677,583,609]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidum">
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||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F00C700BBE28975B7CBFDAD" box="[458,677,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Hyalomma nitidum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
and
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F00C700B8F78975B6B8FDAC" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[735,982,583,609]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncatum">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F00C700B8F78975B6B8FDAC" box="[735,982,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Hyalomma truncatum</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, adding that it is not possible to differentiate their larvae and nymphs. Thereafter,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F00C700B8A08959B602FD49" author="Sands, A. F. & Apanaskevich, D. A. & Matthee, S. & Horak, I. G & Harrison, A. & Karim, S. & Mohammad, M. K. & Mumcuoglu, K. Y. & Rajakarua, R. S. & Santos-Silva, M. M. & Matthee, C." box="[648,876,619,645]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="153 - 165" refId="ref250212" refString="Sands, A. F., Apanaskevich, D. A., Matthee, S., Horak, I. G, Harrison, A., Karim, S., Mohammad, M. K., Mumcuoglu, K. Y., Rajakarua, R. S., Santos-Silva, M. M. & Matthee, C. (2017 b) Effects of tectonics and large scale climatic changes on the evolutionary history of Hyalomma ticks. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 114, 153 - 165. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2017.06.002" type="journal article" year="2017">
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||
Sands
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||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F00C700B8FB8959B662FD49" box="[723,780,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">et al.</emphasis>
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||
(2017b)
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
stated that
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F00C700B9C58959B1A8FD49" authorityName="Schulze" authorityYear="1920" box="[1005,1222,619,645]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidum">
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||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F00C700B9C58959B1A8FD49" box="[1005,1222,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Hyalomma nitidum</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
is most probably a synonym of the “northern lineage” of
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F00C700B81589BDB65FFD64" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[573,817,655,681]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncatum">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F00C700B81589BDB65FFD64" box="[573,817,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Hyalomma truncatum</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, a view supported by molecular evidence, while
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F00C700BF7889BDB44FFD01" author="Schulz, A. & Karger, A. & Eisenbarth, A. & Sas, M. A. & Silaghi, C. & Groschup, M. H." pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref252205" refString="Schulz, A., Karger, A., Eisenbarth, A., Sas, M. A., Silaghi, C. & Groschup, M. H. (2020) Molecular discrimination of Hyalomma tick species serving as reservoirs and vectors for Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in sub-Saharan Africa. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 11 (3) (article 101382), 1 - 9. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ttbdis. 2020.101382" type="journal article" year="2020">
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Schulz
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F00C700BABF8981B5A1FD01" box="[151,207,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2020)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated that additional genetic studies are needed to confirm the hypothesis of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F00C700BEAF8981B002FD01" author="Sands, A. F. & Apanaskevich, D. A. & Matthee, S. & Horak, I. G & Harrison, A. & Karim, S. & Mohammad, M. K. & Mumcuoglu, K. Y. & Rajakarua, R. S. & Santos-Silva, M. M. & Matthee, C." box="[1159,1388,691,717]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="153 - 165" refId="ref250212" refString="Sands, A. F., Apanaskevich, D. A., Matthee, S., Horak, I. G, Harrison, A., Karim, S., Mohammad, M. K., Mumcuoglu, K. Y., Rajakarua, R. S., Santos-Silva, M. M. & Matthee, C. (2017 b) Effects of tectonics and large scale climatic changes on the evolutionary history of Hyalomma ticks. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 114, 153 - 165. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2017.06.002" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Sands
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F00C700BEF98981B067FD01" box="[1233,1289,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2017b)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F00C700BAEF89E5B6EDFCD9" blockId="107.[151,1437,438,789]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F00C700BAEF89E5B4C0FD3D" author="Perveen, N. & Muzaffar, S. B. & Al-Deeb, M. A." box="[199,430,727,753]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="1 - 35" refId="ref242571" refString="Perveen, N., Muzaffar, S. B. & Al-Deeb, M. A. (2021) Ticks and tick-borne diseases of livestock in the Middle East and North Africa: A review. Insects, 12 (article 83), 1 - 35. https: // doi. org / 10.3390 / insects 12010083" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Perveen
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F00C700BB0F89E5B430FD3D" box="[295,350,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2021)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
listed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F00C700BBDE89E5B7A2FD3D" authorityName="Schulze" authorityYear="1920" box="[502,716,727,753]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F00C700BBDE89E5B7A2FD3D" box="[502,716,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Hyalomma nitidum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as found in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F00C700B97989E5B6A1FD3D" box="[849,975,727,753]" name="Mauritania" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Mauritania</collectingCountry>
|
||
, based on
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F00C700BE1789E5B069FD3D" author="Sylla, M. & Molez, J. F. & Cornet, J. P. & Camicas, J. L." box="[1087,1287,727,753]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="137 - 153" refId="ref256263" refString="Sylla, M., Molez, J. F., Cornet, J. P. & Camicas, J. L. (2008) Climate change and distribution of ticks (Acari: Ixodida) in Senegal and Mauritania. Acarologia, 48, 137 - 153." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Sylla
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F00C700BE5689E5B1DBFD3D" box="[1150,1205,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2008)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, but the latter authors reported the presence of this tick only in southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F00C700B90B89C9B611FCD9" box="[803,895,763,789]" name="Senegal" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Senegal</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |