196 lines
21 KiB
XML
196 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document id="9AABCDE4AD5A3DDEA59EF32B8A891CBD" ID-CLB-Dataset="32643" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4294.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="63581fbe-8a77-429f-91d1-54b2f5040a36" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="832558" ID-ZooBank="00F6974B-2074-4BA4-99A6-B80937D16865" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1500543300940" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mound, Laurence & O’Donnell, Cheryle" docDate="2017" docId="2620F071FFA8AC10FF0AF9C7FD3A43A2" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4294.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4294 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Leptothrips oribates Hood 1939" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="312" masterDocId="DA198809FFA3AC1CFF9DFFA9FFE84257" masterDocTitle="Predation, phytophagy and character state confusion among North American species of the genus Leptothrips (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripinae)" masterLastPageNumber="315" masterPageNumber="301" pageNumber="312" updateTime="1698465821032" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="3E266719AD63CB6478397D0AB45F7A2D">Predation, phytophagy and character state confusion among North American species of the genus Leptothrips (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="24ED0EFBB2F5DE9DB329737EC151070B">Mound, Laurence</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="43C74F06491D1E03D9F04F8F818F0D0E">O’Donnell, Cheryle</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="C710E03FFD0F417C9463B59883C61918">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="692C9543740B074297BF35E6842ADAFE">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EC7D9B4851D594A234C3626509EB9AE1">4294</mods:number>
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<treatment id="2620F071FFA8AC10FF0AF9C7FD3A43A2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6040356" ID-GBIF-Taxon="132550558" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6040356" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2620F071FFA8AC10FF0AF9C7FD3A43A2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2620F071FFA8AC10FF0AF9C7FD3A43A2" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="312" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
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<subSubSection id="E69312ECFFA8AC17FF0AF9C7FE3C44DF" box="[151,468,1646,1672]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="AE364167FFA8AC17FF0AF9C7FE3C44DF" blockId="11.[151,468,1646,1672]" box="[151,468,1646,1672]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
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<heading id="F57EF60BFFA8AC17FF0AF9C7FE3C44DF" bold="true" box="[151,468,1646,1672]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFA8AC17FF0AF9C7FE3C44DF" ID-CoL="3TY98" authority="Hood" authorityName="Hood" authorityYear="1939" box="[151,468,1646,1672]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Leptothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oribates">
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<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA8AC17FF0AF9C7FE3C44DF" bold="true" box="[151,468,1646,1672]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
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<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA8AC17FF0AF9C7FE6144DF" bold="true" box="[151,393,1646,1672]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Leptothrips oribates</emphasis>
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Hood
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E69312ECFFA8AC10FF0AF91CFD3A43A2" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="313" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="AE364167FFA8AC17FF0AF91CFDF5449C" blockId="11.[151,954,1717,1800]" box="[151,541,1717,1739]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="8E996649FFA8AC17FF0AF91CFDF5449C" box="[151,541,1717,1739]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
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<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFA8AC17FF0AF91CFDF1449C" ID-CoL="3TY98" authority="Hood, 1939: 205" authorityName="Hood" authorityPageNumber="205" authorityYear="1939" box="[151,537,1717,1739]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Leptothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oribates">
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<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA8AC17FF0AF91CFE8D449C" box="[151,357,1717,1739]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Leptothrips oribates</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="2F286776FFA8AC17FEF6F91CFDF1449C" author="Hood" box="[363,537,1717,1739]" page="205" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" year="1939">
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<bibRefCitation id="CA183C96FFA8AC17FEF6F91CFE0E449C" author="Hood" box="[363,486,1717,1739]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" refString="Hood, J. D. (1939) Seven new Phlaeothripidae from the United States. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society, 33, 205 - 218." type="journal article" year="1939">Hood, 1939</bibRefCitation>
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: 205
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AE364167FFA8AC17FF0AF97AFD404550" blockId="11.[151,954,1717,1800]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="8E996649FFA8AC17FF0AF97AFD404550" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
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<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFA8AC17FF0AF97AFDD144BE" ID-CoL="3TY97" authority="Hood, 1939:213" authorityName="Hood" authorityPageNumber="213" authorityYear="1939" box="[151,569,1747,1769]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Leptothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oregonensis">
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<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA8AC17FF0AF97AFE6344BE" box="[151,395,1747,1769]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Leptothrips oregonensis</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="2F286776FFA8AC17FE0FF97AFDD144BE" author="Hood" box="[402,569,1747,1769]" page="213" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" year="1939">
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<bibRefCitation id="CA183C96FFA8AC17FE0FF97AFDE444BE" author="Hood" box="[402,524,1747,1769]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" refString="Hood, J. D. (1939) Seven new Phlaeothripidae from the United States. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society, 33, 205 - 218." type="journal article" year="1939">Hood, 1939</bibRefCitation>
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:213
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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; Synonymised by
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<treatmentCitation id="2F286776FFA8AC17FD6EF97AFC5E44BE" author="O'Neill" box="[755,950,1747,1769]" page="272" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" year="1972">
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<bibRefCitation id="CA183C96FFA8AC17FD6EF97AFC6B44BE" author="O'Neill" box="[755,899,1747,1769]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" refString="O'Neill, K. (1972) A synonymy in western pine-dwelling Leptothrips species (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 74 (4), 472." type="journal article" year="1972">O’Neill, 1972</bibRefCitation>
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: 272
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFA8AC17FF0AF95BFDBC455F" ID-CoL="3TY8D" authority="Johansen, 1987: 52" authorityName="Johansen" authorityPageNumber="52" authorityYear="1987" box="[151,596,1778,1800]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Leptothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevicapitis">
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<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA8AC17FF0AF95BFE61455F" box="[151,393,1778,1800]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Leptothrips brevicapitis</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="2F286776FFA8AC17FE12F95BFDBC455F" author="Johansen" box="[399,596,1778,1800]" page="52" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" year="1987">
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<bibRefCitation id="CA183C96FFA8AC17FE12F95BFDC6455F" author="Johansen" box="[399,558,1778,1800]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" refString="Johansen, R. M. (1987) El genero Leptothrips Hood, 1909 (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) en el continente Americano: su sistematica, filogenia, biogeografia, biologia, conducta y ecologia. Monografias del Instituto de Biologia. Universidad Nacional de Mexico, 3, 1 - 246." type="journal article" year="1987">Johansen, 1987</bibRefCitation>
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: 52
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA8AC17FDC3F958FD404550" bold="true" box="[606,680,1777,1800]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Syn. n.</emphasis>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AE364167FFA8AC10FF0AF89DFD3A43A2" blockId="11.[151,1436,1844,2014]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,151,501]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="313" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
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<materialsCitation id="1EE14B3AFFA8AC17FF0AF89DFD544525" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1576193774" country="Mexico" location="Colorado" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Colorado">
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Described from
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<collectingRegion id="6C4D8F85FFA8AC17FECDF89DFE53451A" box="[336,443,1844,1869]" country="United States of America" name="Colorado" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Colorado</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="6C4D8F85FFA8AC17FE55F89DFDCA451A" box="[456,546,1844,1869]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Arizona</collectingRegion>
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and
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<collectingRegion id="6C4D8F85FFA8AC17FDC1F89FFD1A451A" box="[604,754,1844,1869]" country="United States of America" name="New Mexico" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
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New
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<collectingRegion id="6C4D8F85FFA8AC17FD07F89DFD1A451A" box="[666,754,1844,1869]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
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<collectingCountry id="D69E01F7FFA8AC17FD07F89DFD1A451A" box="[666,754,1844,1869]" name="Mexico" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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</collectingRegion>
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</collectingRegion>
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, with one synonym from
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<collectingRegion id="6C4D8F85FFA8AC17FB84F89CFB98451A" box="[1049,1136,1845,1869]" country="United States of America" name="Oregon" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Oregon</collectingRegion>
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, specimens of this species have also been seen from
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<collectingRegion id="6C4D8F85FFA8AC17FE27F8F0FDE74525" box="[442,527,1881,1906]" country="United States of America" name="Nevada" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Nevada</collectingRegion>
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and
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<collectingRegion id="6C4D8F85FFA8AC17FDDAF8F0FD544525" box="[583,700,1881,1906]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">California</collectingRegion>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="1EE14B3AFFA8AC10FD5BF8F3FACF42F8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1576193769" country="Mexico" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="313" location="Florida area" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western">
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It is closely associated with species of
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<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFA8AC17FBE4F8F3FB514526" ID-CoL="6QPY" box="[1145,1209,1882,1905]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA8AC17FBE4F8F3FB514526" box="[1145,1209,1882,1905]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Pinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and has been taken several times from immature pine cones. It is distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFA8AC17FCEDF8D7FC7345C2" ID-CoL="6BMZZ" authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="1915" box="[880,923,1918,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Cryptothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pini">
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<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFA8AC17FCEDF8D7FC7345C2" box="[880,923,1918,1941]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">pini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, with which it shares this host association, by the presence on antennal segment IV of four sense cones. Both species lack pronotal sculpture and have the fore wings pale at the base, but the available distribution records suggest that they are adapted to rather different ecological conditions, with
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<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFAFAC10FE47FF30FDEE42E7" ID-CoL="6BMZZ" authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="1915" box="[474,518,153,176]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Cryptothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pini">
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||
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFAFAC10FE47FF30FDEE42E7" box="[474,518,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">pini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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mainly from the
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<location id="AB5617BCFFAFAC10FD47FF3EFC8042F8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2620F071FFA8AC10FF0AF9C7FD3A43A2:AB5617BCFFAFAC10FD47FF3EFC8042F8" box="[730,872,151,176]" country="Mexico" name="Florida area" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" stateProvince="Western">Florida area</location>
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, but
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||
<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFAFAC10FC3AFF3EFBEA42E7" ID-CoL="3TY98" authorityName="Hood" authorityYear="1939" box="[935,1026,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Leptothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oribates">
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<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFAFAC10FC3AFF3EFBEA42E7" box="[935,1026,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">oribates</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
from the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6C4D8F85FFAFAC10FBE3FF31FB3142F8" box="[1150,1241,152,175]" country="American Samoa" name="Western" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">Western</collectingRegion>
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states
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||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
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||
<materialsCitation id="1EE14B3AFFAFAC10FAA8FF3EFB074282" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1576193773" country="Mexico" location="California" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="California">
|
||
Johansen described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFAFAC10FE91FF15FE674282" ID-CoL="3TY8D" authorityName="Johansen" authorityYear="1987" box="[268,399,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Leptothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevicapitis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFAFAC10FE91FF15FE674282" box="[268,399,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">brevicapitis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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from a few specimens associated with
|
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<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFAFAC10FCC7FF14FC724283" ID-CoL="6QPY" box="[858,922,189,212]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFAFAC10FCC7FF14FC724283" box="[858,922,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">Pinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6C4D8F85FFAFAC10FC79FF15FBBE4282" box="[996,1110,188,213]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6C4D8F85FFAFAC10FB0CFF15FB074282" box="[1169,1263,188,213]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">Arizona</collectingRegion>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="1EE14B3AFFAFAC10FB61FF14FD3A43A2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1576193779" collectionCode="ERMR" country="Mexico" county="Fig." location="The" municipality="Johansen" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" specimenCount="40" stateProvince="California" typeStatus="holotype">
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He stated that these specimens have the eyes prolonged ventrally, in contrast to those of
|
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<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFAFAC10FB89FF76FB9842AF" ID-CoL="3TY98" authorityName="Hood" authorityYear="1939" box="[1044,1136,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Leptothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oribates">
|
||
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFAFAC10FB89FF76FB9842AF" box="[1044,1136,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">oribates</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, the difference between the dorsal and ventral surfaces in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="7132FFC5FFAFAC10FD30FEADFCE7434A" box="[685,783,260,285]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(see
|
||
<collectingCounty id="475739EBFFAFAC10FCD3FEADFC93434A" box="[846,891,260,285]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">Fig.</collectingCounty>
|
||
<quantity id="6971EC82FFAFAC10FC1EFEADFC56434A" box="[899,958,260,285]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8542" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" unit="in" value="73.0">73 in</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CA183C96FFAFAC10FC5AFEADFB9F434B" author="Johansen" box="[967,1143,260,285]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" refString="Johansen, R. M. (1987) El genero Leptothrips Hood, 1909 (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) en el continente Americano: su sistematica, filogenia, biogeografia, biologia, conducta y ecologia. Monografias del Instituto de Biologia. Universidad Nacional de Mexico, 3, 1 - 246." type="journal article" year="1987">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="4E52DB1DFFAFAC10FC5AFEADFBD8434A" box="[967,1072,260,285]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">Johansen</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, 1987
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) is trivial, and involves a difference of no more than the diameter of a single ommatidium.
|
||
<location id="AB5617BCFFAFAC10FCEBFE8EFC4A4317" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2620F071FFA8AC10FF0AF9C7FD3A43A2:AB5617BCFFAFAC10FCEBFE8EFC4A4317" box="[886,930,295,320]" country="Mexico" county="Fig." municipality="Johansen" name="The" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" stateProvince="California">The</location>
|
||
extent to which the eyes are longer ventrally than dorsally in the available specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFAFAC10FD19FEE5FD084332" ID-CoL="3TY98" authorityName="Hood" authorityYear="1939" box="[644,736,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Leptothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oribates">
|
||
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFAFAC10FD19FEE5FD084332" box="[644,736,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">oribates</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is here interpreted as being associated with the orientation of the head in slide-mounted specimens (see discussion above).
|
||
<location id="AB5617BCFFAFAC10FCF3FED9FC4343D0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2620F071FFA8AC10FF0AF9C7FD3A43A2:AB5617BCFFAFAC10FCF3FED9FC4343D0" box="[878,939,368,391]" country="Mexico" county="Fig." municipality="Johansen" name="More" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" stateProvince="California">More</location>
|
||
than
|
||
<specimenCount id="B88F8AEEFFAFAC10FC6FFED9FB6743DF" box="[1010,1167,367,392]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" type="generic">40 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="69893AE4FFAFAC10FB23FEC6FAF243DF" ID-CoL="3TY98" authorityName="Hood" authorityYear="1939" box="[1214,1306,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Leptothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oribates">
|
||
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFAFAC10FB23FEC6FAF243DF" box="[1214,1306,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">oribates</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been studied from various sites in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6C4D8F85FFAFAC10FE75FE3DFDB243FA" box="[488,602,404,429]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
(in
|
||
<collectionCode id="C898D9A2FFAFAC10FD11FE3DFD0943FB" box="[652,737,404,428]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">ERMR</collectionCode>
|
||
); two of these were noted to have only three sense cones on segment IV of one antenna (but not on both), and in all of them segment IV lacked a small ancillary sense cone (=
|
||
<emphasis id="9CFD9D75FFAFAC10FF2DFE75FE5443A2" box="[176,444,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">sensillum coeloconicum</emphasis>
|
||
) on the external surface.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |