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<mods:title id="B7B69E1556987B84A549D8D58ED21F21">The plant bug subfamily Phylinae in Japan, with key to genera and descriptions of eight new species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae)</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="24695B2D0809FFEDFF78F983FD8C71EF" blockId="4.[151,600,1661,1688]" box="[151,600,1661,1688]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<heading id="7F21EC410809FFEDFF78F983FD8C71EF" bold="true" box="[151,600,1661,1688]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" reason="1">
<emphasis id="16A2873F0809FFEDFF78F983FD8C71EF" bold="true" box="[151,600,1661,1688]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="E3D620AE0809FFEDFF01F983FD8C71EF" ID-CoL="62RZW" authority="Yasunaga, 2001" authorityName="Yasunaga" authorityYear="2001" box="[238,600,1661,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Eremophylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="16A2873F0809FFEDFF01F983FE5B71E0" bold="true" box="[238,399,1661,1688]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Eremophylus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="404726DC0809FFEDFE79F983FD8C71EF" author="Yasunaga" box="[406,600,1661,1687]" firstAuthor="Yasunaga" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="113 - 121" refId="ref28172" refString="Yasunaga, T. (2001 a) New Phyline plant bugs from Japan (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae). Sukunahikona, Special publication of the Japan Coleopterological Society, 1, 113 - 121." type="journal article" year="2001">Yasunaga, 2001</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="6CCC08A60809FFEDFF78F93BFD6A70EB" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="24695B2D0809FFEDFF78F93BFD6A70EB" blockId="4.[151,1437,1733,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="16A2873F0809FFEDFF78F93BFEC071A7" bold="true" box="[151,276,1733,1759]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
This Japanese endemic genus is recognized by the following combination of characters: Body elongateovoid, moderate in size (total length
<quantity id="E32EF6C80809FFEDFDD5F917FD13707C" box="[570,711,1769,1796]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="3.75" valueMax="4.3" valueMin="3.2">3.24.3 mm</quantity>
), with both simple and silvery lanceolate setae; basic coloration brown to dark brown; dorsum weakly shining, matte, with curly or roughly upright vestiture; labium short, shorter than antennal segment II; not exceeding mesial mesocoxa; right paramere elongate, larger than left; vesica (endosoma) broad, sigmoid, bifurcate apically; and female genital chamber with ovoid, thick-rimmed sclerotized rings and relatively developed vestibular sclerite.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6CCC08A60809FFEFFF28F863FD3D7781" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="24695B2D0809FFECFF28F863FC217665" blockId="4.[151,1437,1733,2012]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,151,285]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="16A2873F0809FFEDFF28F863FE9870CF" bold="true" box="[199,332,1949,1975]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Discussion.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E3D620AE0809FFEDFEB7F863FE3F70CF" authorityName="Yasunaga" authorityYear="2001" box="[344,491,1949,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Eremophylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="16A2873F0809FFEDFEB7F863FE3F70CF" box="[344,491,1949,1975]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Eremophylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was proposed by
<bibRefCitation id="404726DC0809FFEDFD27F860FC4370CF" author="Yasunaga" box="[712,919,1949,1976]" firstAuthor="Yasunaga" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="113 - 121" refId="ref28172" refString="Yasunaga, T. (2001 a) New Phyline plant bugs from Japan (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae). Sukunahikona, Special publication of the Japan Coleopterological Society, 1, 113 - 121." type="journal article" year="2001" yearSuffix="a">Yasunaga (2001a)</bibRefCitation>
to accommodate a single representative,
<taxonomicName id="E3D620AE0809FFEDFA6BF860FE8470A4" authority="Yasunaga" authorityName="Yasunaga" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Eremophylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">
<emphasis id="16A2873F0809FFEDFA6BF860FF0C70A3" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">E. hirtus</emphasis>
Yasunaga
</taxonomicName>
, based on
<specimenCount id="32D090A40809FFEDFE25F83CFDE770A3" box="[458,563,1985,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="male">two male</specimenCount>
specimens found from temperate deciduous forests in Honshu and Shikoku.
<bibRefCitation id="404726DC0808FFECFF78FF69FE7D77C9" author="Schuh &amp; Menard" box="[151,425,151,177]" firstAuthor="Schuh" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref27708" refString="Schuh, R. T. &amp; Menard, K. L. (2013) A revised classification of the Phylinae (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae): Arguments for the placement of genera. American Museum Novitates, 3785, 1 - 72." type="journal article" year="2013">Schuh &amp; Menard (2013)</bibRefCitation>
provisionally placed
<taxonomicName id="E3D620AE0808FFECFD76FF69FCF877C9" authorityName="Yasunaga" authorityYear="2001" box="[665,812,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Eremophylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="16A2873F0808FFECFD76FF69FCF877C9" box="[665,812,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Eremophylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as incertae sedis within the tribe
<taxonomicName id="E3D620AE0808FFECFB4FFF69FB2077C9" authorityName="Douglas &amp; Scott" authorityYear="1865" box="[1184,1268,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Phylini">Phylini</taxonomicName>
, as the original description (
<bibRefCitation id="404726DC0808FFECFECEFF45FE3577AD" author="Yasunaga" box="[289,481,187,213]" firstAuthor="Yasunaga" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="113 - 121" refId="ref28172" refString="Yasunaga, T. (2001 a) New Phyline plant bugs from Japan (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae). Sukunahikona, Special publication of the Japan Coleopterological Society, 1, 113 - 121." type="journal article" year="2001" yearSuffix="a">Yasunaga, 2001a</bibRefCitation>
) suggested no plausible close relative. Recent field investigation by some enthusiastic colleagues yielded an additional species (
<taxonomicName id="E3D620AE0808FFECFD86FF21FCD07781" authority="Yasunaga, 2022" authorityName="Yasunaga" authorityYear="2022" box="[617,772,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Orthonotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nakagawai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="16A2873F0808FFECFD86FF21FCD07781" box="[617,772,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">E. nakagawai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0D913A440808FFECFCE4FF21FC9C7781" box="[779,840,223,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
) and more than a few female specimens of
<taxonomicName id="E3D620AE0808FFECFADBFF21FA417781" authorityName="Yasunaga" authorityYear="2001" box="[1332,1429,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Eremophylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">
<emphasis id="16A2873F0808FFECFADBFF21FA417781" box="[1332,1429,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">E. hirtus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which enables to posit its suprageneric placement in the subtribe
<taxonomicName id="E3D620AE0808FFECFC9EFEFDFC257665" authorityName="Douglas &amp; Scott" authorityYear="1865" box="[881,1009,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Oncotylina">Oncotylina</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="70A90BA50808FFECFF78F934FB097052" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5964739" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5964739" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5964739/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" startId="5.[151,250,1738,1762]" targetBox="[151,1436,309,1714]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="24695B2D0808FFECFF78F934FB097052" blockId="5.[151,1436,1738,1834]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="16A2873F0808FFECFF78F934FEC6719A" bold="true" box="[151,274,1738,1762]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Habitat (AB) and habitus images of living individuals (CF) of
<taxonomicName id="E3D620AE0808FFECFC4BF934FBA4719A" box="[932,1136,1738,1762]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Eremophylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-a">
<emphasis id="16A2873F0808FFECFC4BF934FBFD719A" box="[932,1065,1738,1762]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Eremophylus</emphasis>
spp.
<emphasis id="16A2873F0808FFECFBB2F934FBA4719A" bold="true" box="[1117,1136,1738,1762]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="16A2873F0808FFECFB9FF934FB40719A" bold="true" box="[1136,1172,1738,1762]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">B.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E3D620AE0808FFECFB76F934FA42719A" box="[1177,1430,1738,1762]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Phellodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amurense">
<emphasis id="16A2873F0808FFECFB76F934FA42719A" box="[1177,1430,1738,1762]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Phellodendron amurense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, confirmed host plant of
<taxonomicName id="E3D620AE0808FFECFE7CF910FD44707E" authority="Yasunaga, 2022" authorityName="Yasunaga" authorityYear="2022" box="[403,656,1774,1798]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Eremophylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nakagawai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="16A2873F0808FFECFE7CF910FD44707E" box="[403,656,1774,1798]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Eremophylus nakagawai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0D913A440808FFECFD77F910FD05707D" box="[664,721,1774,1797]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="16A2873F0808FFECFD36F910FD26707E" bold="true" box="[729,754,1774,1798]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E3D620AE0808FFECFD14F911FC5C707E" authority="Yasunaga, 2022" authorityName="Yasunaga" authorityYear="2022" box="[763,904,1774,1798]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Eremophylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nakagawai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="16A2873F0808FFECFD14F911FC5C707E" box="[763,904,1774,1798]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">E. nakagawai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0D913A440808FFECFC7EF910FC1E707D" box="[913,970,1774,1797]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, male.
<emphasis id="16A2873F0808FFECFBF7F910FBE5707E" bold="true" box="[1048,1073,1774,1798]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">D.</emphasis>
Same, female.
<emphasis id="16A2873F0808FFECFB3BF910FB3F707E" bold="true" box="[1236,1259,1774,1798]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">E.</emphasis>
Same, 5th instar nymph.
<emphasis id="16A2873F0808FFECFF05F8ECFF297052" bold="true" box="[234,253,1810,1834]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">F.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E3D620AE0808FFECFEEBF8EDFE8F7052" authorityName="Yasunaga" authorityYear="2001" box="[260,347,1810,1834]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Eremophylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtus">
<emphasis id="16A2873F0808FFECFEEBF8EDFE8F7052" box="[260,347,1810,1834]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">E. hirtus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotype male. Images courtesy of Y. Nakagawa, Akita (AE) and M. Takai, Kochi (F).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="24695B2D0808FFEFFF28F8ADFD3D7781" blockId="5.[151,1436,1875,2009]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,249]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Based on similarity in the vestiture pattern and genitalic structures,
<taxonomicName id="E3D620AE0808FFECFC0BF8ADFBA37015" authorityName="Yasunaga" authorityYear="2001" box="[996,1143,1875,1901]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Eremophylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="16A2873F0808FFECFC0BF8ADFBA37015" box="[996,1143,1875,1901]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Eremophylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is now assumed to have closest relationship with
<taxonomicName id="E3D620AE0808FFECFE45F889FDF570E9" authorityName="Reuter" authorityYear="1909" box="[426,545,1911,1937]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Europiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="16A2873F0808FFECFE45F889FDF570E9" box="[426,545,1911,1937]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Europiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The following diagnostic characters are shared by both genera: presence of both simple setae and silvery lanceolate setae; elongate right paramere that is much longer than left; and sigmoid vesica with bifurcate apical part. On the other hand,
<taxonomicName id="E3D620AE0808FFECFD7CF841FCA970A1" box="[659,893,1983,2009]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Eremophylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="16A2873F0808FFECFD7CF841FCF270A1" box="[659,806,1983,2009]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Eremophylus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
are arboreal, whereas the majority of
<taxonomicName id="E3D620AE0808FFECFACAF841FA4870A1" authorityName="Reuter" authorityYear="1909" box="[1317,1436,1983,2009]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Europiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="16A2873F0808FFECFACAF841FA4870A1" box="[1317,1436,1983,2009]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Europiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are associated with herbaceous weeds (mostly
<taxonomicName id="E3D620AE080BFFEFFD49FF69FCF777C9" box="[678,803,151,177]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="404726DC080BFFEFFCD5FF69FBD477C9" author="Yasunaga" box="[826,1024,151,177]" firstAuthor="Yasunaga" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="111 - 351" refId="ref28300" refString="Yasunaga, T. (2001 d) Family Miridae Hahn, plant bugs. In: Yasunaga, T., Takai, M. &amp; Kawasawa, T. (Eds.), A Field Guide to Japanese Bugs II. Zenkoku Noson Kyoiku Kyokai, Publishing Co. Ltd., Tokyo, pp. 2 - 96 + 111 - 351. [in Japanese]" type="book chapter" year="2001" yearSuffix="d">Yasunaga, 2001d</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="404726DC080BFFEFFBE3FF69FB4A77C9" author="Schuh" box="[1036,1182,151,177]" firstAuthor="Schuh" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 58" refId="ref27666" refString="Schuh, R. T. (2004) Revision of Europiella Reuter in North America, with the description of a new genus (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae). American Museum Novitates, 3463, 1 - 58." type="journal article" year="2004">Schuh, 2004</bibRefCitation>
). Further investigation depending upon the DNA sequence data is encouraged to determine the unequivocal systematic position of this unique genus currently considered endemic to
<collectingCountry id="5CC11BBD080BFFEFFD4DFF21FD317781" box="[674,741,223,249]" name="Japan" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Japan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>