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<document id="3CF453D1ADD0A4D23262F7288DD47FDA" ID-DOI="10.5252/zoosystema2024v46a21" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13744725" ID-ZooBank="C0248862-CBE2-4468-8494-93AD1580A542" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch,operationResults" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1726044193641" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Cobo, M. Carmen, Farris, William J. &amp; Kocot, Kevin M." docDate="2024" docId="466087B7FFBC210D240D6B17EAFBFC77" docLanguage="en" docName="zoosystema.2024.46.21.pdf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 46 (21)" docSource="https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/zoosystema2024v46a21.pdf" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5CC576F744449C1860B4E72ABD884631.9:Zoosystema.2020-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="5CC576F744449C1860B4E72ABD884631" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2020-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="8" docTitle="Pruvotia sopita" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="570" masterDocId="BA59FFCFFFA1211025036D45EE63FFB8" masterDocTitle="New data on the biodiversity of Solenogastres (Mollusca, Aplacophora) in the Mediterranean Sea: findings from the program “ Our Planet Reviewed ” Corsica 2019 - 2022" masterLastPageNumber="576" masterPageNumber="543" pageNumber="570" updateTime="1726071876898" updateUser="felipe" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="5CFFB1BAC580AB1536D5EC563C5CD4F9">New data on the biodiversity of Solenogastres (Mollusca, Aplacophora) in the Mediterranean Sea: findings from the program “ Our Planet Reviewed ” Corsica 2019 - 2022</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DF84DF488FD2A35C3476139CBB50FB21">Cobo, M. Carmen</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="1C1C709C878BB9227D7BB72F863A6EB3">Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 Alabama (United States) and Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 1000 Madison Drive NW Washington, D. C. 20560 (United States)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1636211853E5086315991D6AE75BC5FC">Farris, William J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C19AB15AA11E9E5569517044C4DCED90">Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 Alabama (United States) and Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 1000 Madison Drive NW Washington, D. C. 20560 (United States)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="1E35EC1CCCAC7B002D7F4758573EFE2A">Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 Alabama (United States) and Alabama Museum of Natural History, University of Alabama, 427 6 th Avenue, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 Alabama (United States)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="7FB43B32F798CB0A114ED7BEC3491550">2024</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="CE7636A1FFBC210D240D6B17EC1EF9D4" blockId="29.[270,637,1618,1644]" box="[270,637,1618,1644]" pageId="29" pageNumber="570">
<heading id="953E81CDFFBC210D240D6B17EC1EF9D4" box="[270,637,1618,1644]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="570" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="09C94D22FFBC210D240D6B17EC1EF9D4" ID-CoL="6VZPZ" authority="(Pruvot, 1891)" baseAuthorityName="Pruvot" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[270,637,1618,1644]" class="Solenogastres" family="Rhopalomeniidae" genus="Pruvotia" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="29" pageNumber="570" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sopita">
<emphasis id="FCBDEAB3FFBC210D240D6B17EF0DF9D4" bold="true" box="[270,366,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="570">Pruvotia</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="FCBDEAB3FFBC210D24956B17EFB6F9D4" bold="true" box="[406,469,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="570">sopita</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AA584B50FFBC210D24E76B17EC16F9D4" author="PRUVOT G." box="[484,629,1618,1644]" pageId="29" pageNumber="570" pagination="699 - 805" refId="ref23947" refString="PRUVOT G. 1891. - Sur l'organisation de quelques Neomeniens des cotes de France. Archives de Zoologie experimentale et generale (2) 9: 699 - 805." type="journal article" year="1891">Pruvot, 1891</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="86D3652AFFBC210D25876BC9EFBAF96B" pageId="29" pageNumber="570" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="CE7636A1FFBC210D25876BC9EF98F91B" blockId="29.[132,507,1675,1699]" box="[132,507,1675,1699]" pageId="29" pageNumber="570">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="EED9118FFFBC210D25876BC9EF98F91B" box="[132,507,1675,1699]" pageId="29" pageNumber="570">
<treatmentCitation id="4F6810B0FFBC210D25876BC9EF94F91B" author="PRUVOT G." box="[132,503,1675,1699]" page="721" pageId="29" pageNumber="570" year="1891">
<taxonomicName id="09C94D22FFBC210D25876BC9EF94F91B" authority="Pruvot, 1891: 721" authorityName="Pruvot" authorityPageNumber="721" authorityYear="1891" box="[132,503,1675,1699]" class="Solenogastres" family="Proneomeniidae" genus="Proneomenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="29" pageNumber="570" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sopita">
<emphasis id="FCBDEAB3FFBC210D25876BC9EF58F91B" box="[132,315,1676,1699]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="570">Proneomenia sopita</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AA584B50FFBC210D24426BC9EF94F91B" author="PRUVOT G." box="[321,503,1675,1699]" pageId="29" pageNumber="570" pagination="699 - 805" refId="ref23947" refString="PRUVOT G. 1891. - Sur l'organisation de quelques Neomeniens des cotes de France. Archives de Zoologie experimentale et generale (2) 9: 699 - 805." type="journal article" year="1891">Pruvot, 1891: 721</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE7636A1FFBC210D25876BF9EFBAF96B" blockId="29.[132,473,1723,1747]" box="[132,473,1723,1747]" pageId="29" pageNumber="570">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="EED9118FFFBC210D25876BF9EFBAF96B" box="[132,473,1723,1747]" pageId="29" pageNumber="570">
<taxonomicName id="09C94D22FFBC210D25876BF9EF71F96B" ID-CoL="6VZPZ" baseAuthorityName="Pruvot" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[132,274,1724,1747]" class="Solenogastres" family="Rhopalomeniidae" genus="Pruvotia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="29" pageNumber="570" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sopita">
<emphasis id="FCBDEAB3FFBC210D25876BF9EF71F96B" box="[132,274,1724,1747]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="570">Pruvotia sopita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="4F6810B0FFBC210D24286BFEEFB6F96B" author="THIELE J." box="[299,469,1723,1747]" page="273" pageId="29" pageNumber="570" year="1913">
<bibRefCitation id="AA584B50FFBC210D24286BFEEFB6F96B" author="THIELE J." box="[299,469,1723,1747]" pageId="29" pageNumber="570" pagination="1 - 5" refId="ref24915" refString="THIELE J. 1913. - Solenogastres in Verlag von R. Friedlander und Soh (eds). Das Tierreich 38: 1 - 5." type="journal article" year="1913">Thiele 1913: 273</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="86D3652AFFBC210D25876BAEEC03F8D4" pageId="29" pageNumber="570" type="materials_examined">
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. —
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<collectingCountry id="B6DE7631FFBC210D248E6BA9EFB8F8BC" box="[397,475,1772,1796]" name="France" pageId="29" pageNumber="570">Corsica</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
(France) •
<specimenCount id="D8CFFD28FFBC210D27576BAEECABF8BB" box="[596,712,1771,1795]" count="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="570" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
(used for sclerite preparations and DNA extraction); CORSICABENTHOS 2 (
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);
<quantity id="09319B44FFBC210D243F6A65EF0EF88F" box="[316,365,1824,1848]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="570" unit="m" value="80.0">80 m</quantity>
depth; MNHN-IM-2019-1744; GenBank: OR456214; OR458908 (1 microscope slide with sclerites, anterior and posterior regions preserved in 95% ethanol).
</paragraph>
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<smallCapsWord id="C890A07DFFBC210D25876AD7EF76F812" baselines="1957,1957" box="[132,277,1938,1964]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Description" pageId="29" pageNumber="570">DESCRIPTION</smallCapsWord>
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<paragraph id="CE7636A1FFBC210D25876AF4EA51FE89" blockId="29.[132,776,1938,2028]" lastBlockId="29.[811,1455,215,306]" pageId="29" pageNumber="570">
Small white animal (7 ×
<quantity id="09319B44FFBC210D248C6AF4EF96F874" box="[399,501,1969,1996]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="570" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1-1.5mm</quantity>
) with the anterior region slightly wider than the posterior one, rounded ends (
<figureCitation id="56F22A24FFBC210D27AB6A94EC98F853" box="[680,763,2001,2027]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[134,145,1916,1934]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1872]" captionTargetId="figure-23@14.[698,1268,770,1329]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 4. — Habitus of A, Tegulaherpia cf. myodoryata (photo of the living animal MNHN-IM-2019-16176); A, Tegulaherpia cf. myodoryata (photo of the preserved specimen MNHN-IM-2019-16176); B, Eleutheromenia sierra (Pruvot, 1890) (photo of the preserved specimen MNHN-IM-2019-1749); C, Pruvotia cf. sopita (photo of the preserved specimen MNHN-IM-2019-1744 on Sertularella sp.); D, Unciherpia hirsuta García-Alvarez, Urgorri &amp; Salvini-Plawen, 2001 (photo of the living animal MNHN-IM-2019-18279); E, Simrothiella margaritacea (Koren &amp; Danielssen,1877) (photo of the preserved specimen MNHN-IM-2019-18280). Scale bars 1 mm. Symbols: arrow, copulatory stylets; stars, anterior end of the animals." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13744733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13744733/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="570">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
). With hollow acicular sclerites (80-100 × 6-8 µm) (
<figureCitation id="56F22A24FFBC210D20506D92ED23FEA9" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="20.[132,143,1873,1891]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,216,1824]" captionTargetId="figure-23@20.[702,1248,752,1290]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIG. 8. — SEM images of the sclerites of A-G, Pruvotina impexa (Pruvot, 1890): A, general view of the sclerites in the dorsal body region (MNHN-IM-2019-18281); B, acicular sclerites and scales of the pedal groove (arrow) in the ventral region of the body (MNHN-IM-2019-18281); C, general view of the sclerites in the dorsal body region (MNHN-IM-2019-1746); D, two types of hook-shaped sclerites (star, long distal region of the hook; dot, short distal region of the hook) (MNHN- IM-2019-1746); E, hook-shaped sclerites with long distal region of the hook (star) and the serrated sclerites (encircled) (MNHN-IM-2019-18281); F, hook-shaped sclerites with short distal region of the hook (MNHN-IM-2019-18281); G, hook-shaped sclerites with long distal region of the hook (MNHN-IM-2019-18281); H-J, Pruvotina impexa (MNHN-IM-2019-16179): H, general view of the sclerites in the dorsal region of the body; I, hook-shaped sclerite; J, scales of the pedal groove; K, L, acicular sclerites of Pruvotia cf. sopita (MNHN-IM-2019-1744). Scale bars: 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13744741" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13744741/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="570">Fig. 8K, L</figureCitation>
). Sclerites barely protruding from cuticle. Found on
<taxonomicName id="09C94D22FFBC210D20856DB2EDCBFE8A" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertularellidae" genus="Sertularella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="29" pageNumber="570" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="FCBDEAB3FFBC210D20856DB2EDE0FE89" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="570">Sertularella</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="09C94D22FFBC210D26B56C52EA44FE89" box="[950,1063,279,305]" class="Hydrozoa" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="29" pageNumber="570" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="class">Hydrozoa</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="86D3652AFFBC210D262E6C12EAFBFC77" pageId="29" pageNumber="570" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="CE7636A1FFBC210D262E6C12EDF2FED7" blockId="29.[811,1458,343,975]" box="[813,913,343,369]" pageId="29" pageNumber="570">
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE7636A1FFBC210D262E6C32EAFBFC77" blockId="29.[811,1458,343,975]" pageId="29" pageNumber="570">
The tentative identification of the specimen as
<taxonomicName id="09C94D22FFBC210D20166C32EBCCFE28" baseAuthorityName="Pruvot" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[1301,1455,375,400]" class="Solenogastres" family="Rhopalomeniidae" genus="Pruvotia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="29" pageNumber="570" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sopita">
<emphasis id="FCBDEAB3FFBC210D20166C32EBCCFE28" box="[1301,1455,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="570">Pruvotia sopita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is based on its external appearance and the way it is attached to the
<taxonomicName id="09C94D22FFBC210D266D6CF3EA66FE69" box="[878,1029,438,465]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertularellidae" genus="Sertularella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="29" pageNumber="570" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="FCBDEAB3FFBC210D266D6CF3ED80FE68" box="[878,995,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="570">Sertularella</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
colony. The habitus of the
<collectingCountry id="B6DE7631FFBC210D201F6CF3EB0FFE68" box="[1308,1388,438,464]" name="France" pageId="29" pageNumber="570">Corsica</collectingCountry>
specimen, characterized by a small, white body, and the absence of coiling around its host but rather attachment solely at the anterior region of the body to the hydrozoan branches, closely mirrors the description provided by
<bibRefCitation id="AA584B50FFBC210D21F66F72EBEFFDE8" author="PRUVOT G." box="[1269,1420,566,593]" pageId="29" pageNumber="570" pagination="699 - 805" refId="ref23947" refString="PRUVOT G. 1891. - Sur l'organisation de quelques Neomeniens des cotes de France. Archives de Zoologie experimentale et generale (2) 9: 699 - 805." type="journal article" year="1891">Pruvot (1891)</bibRefCitation>
for
<taxonomicName id="09C94D22FFBC210D26286F12EDA5FDC8" baseAuthorityName="Pruvot" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[811,966,599,624]" class="Solenogastres" family="Rhopalomeniidae" genus="Pruvotia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="29" pageNumber="570" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sopita">
<emphasis id="FCBDEAB3FFBC210D26286F12EDA5FDC8" box="[811,966,599,624]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="570">Pruvotia sopita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This resemblance is further sustained by our own observations of this species (Castro-Claros
<emphasis id="FCBDEAB3FFBC210D203D6F32EB10FD28" box="[1342,1395,630,656]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="570">et al.</emphasis>
pers. comm.). Histology was not performed due to the specimens small size and the fact that it was damaged. Consequently, our identification relies on these characteristic external features. Interestingly, our phylogenetic analysis recovers the
<collectingCountry id="B6DE7631FFBC210D262C6E50EDE3FC97" box="[815,896,789,815]" name="France" pageId="29" pageNumber="570">Corsica</collectingCountry>
specimen well within
<taxonomicName id="09C94D22FFBC210D21736E50EA99FC97" authorityName="Heath" authorityYear="1911" box="[1136,1274,789,815]" class="Solenogastres" family="Pruvotinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="29" pageNumber="570" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Pruvotinidae</taxonomicName>
with strong support (bootstrap support: 92%;
<figureCitation id="56F22A24FFBC210D217E6E70EADEFCF7" box="[1149,1213,821,847]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[132,143,1939,1957]" captionTargetBox="[170,1422,236,1860]" captionTargetId="graphics-38@9.[174,1438,245,1849]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 2. — Maximum likelihood phylogenetic reconstruction based on COI. MNHN CORSICABENTHOS specimens are shaded with colors corresponding to those used in Fig 1. BOLD (ALPNB #s) and NCBI accession numbers precede species names for publicly available sequences and both NCBI accession numbers and museum catalog numbers precede the species names for the Corsica specimens. Symbols: *, the taxa considered as reference sequences based on Kocot et al. (2019); gray blocks, species delimitation results according to Assemble Species by Automatic Partitioning (ASAP, Puillandre et al. 2021)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13744729" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13744729/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="570">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Confirmation of the identification of this specimen as
<taxonomicName id="09C94D22FFBC210D218A6E13EB42FCD7" baseAuthorityName="Pruvot" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[1161,1313,854,879]" class="Solenogastres" family="Rhopalomeniidae" genus="Pruvotia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="29" pageNumber="570" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sopita">
<emphasis id="FCBDEAB3FFBC210D218A6E13EB42FCD7" box="[1161,1313,854,879]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="570">Pruvotia sopita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
would necessitate a reevaluation of not only
<taxonomicName id="09C94D22FFBC210D21766E33EAAEFC37" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1894" box="[1141,1229,886,911]" class="Solenogastres" family="Rhopalomeniidae" genus="Pruvotia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="29" pageNumber="570" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCBDEAB3FFBC210D21766E33EAAEFC37" box="[1141,1229,886,911]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="570">Pruvotia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s classification within
<taxonomicName id="09C94D22FFBC210D26286ED0ED8AFC17" authorityName="Salvini-Plawen" authorityYear="1978" box="[811,1001,917,943]" class="Solenogastres" family="Rhopalomeniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="29" pageNumber="570" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Rhopalomeniidae</taxonomicName>
but also of the monophyly of
<taxonomicName id="09C94D22FFBC210D20276ED0EBCDFC17" authorityName="Heath" authorityYear="1911" box="[1316,1454,917,943]" class="Solenogastres" family="Pruvotinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="29" pageNumber="570" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Pruvotinidae</taxonomicName>
with respect to
<taxonomicName id="09C94D22FFBC210D26D26EF0EAF7FC77" authorityName="Salvini-Plawen" authorityYear="1978" box="[977,1172,949,975]" class="Solenogastres" family="Rhopalomeniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="29" pageNumber="570" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Rhopalomeniidae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>