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<document id="A876320BE73B589E549ECAE2AE300C12" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4088.3.10" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e7a9d085-a818-4b45-b787-86a4a0a2e945" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="254670" ID-ZooBank="157EC247-896F-4B0B-9C8C-FDD3EFAD81D2" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1457603843462" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Carvalho-Filho, Fernando Da Silva, Almeida, Flávio Roberto De Albuquerque &amp; Esposito, Maria Cristina" docDate="2016" docId="FD575C43FFB5FFE61EE097293255FC34" docLanguage="en" docName="15584-5109-1-PB.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4088 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Liriomyza valladaresae Carvalho-Filho, Almeida &amp; Esposito, 2016, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="447" masterDocId="016E243BFFB4FFE41E7795403031FFB4" masterDocTitle="Description of a nomen nudum species of Liriomyza Mik and the first record of Liriomyza blechi Spencer from Brazil (Insecta: Diptera: Agromyzidae)" masterLastPageNumber="450" masterPageNumber="445" pageNumber="446" updateTime="1698177624429" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="4795EAAC9A036BCCA982775004717D26">Description of a nomen nudum species of Liriomyza Mik and the first record of Liriomyza blechi Spencer from Brazil (Insecta: Diptera: Agromyzidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E18BF5D977CA6A355C1613FB86D8D5C8">Carvalho-Filho, Fernando Da Silva</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="981A37308C68530B9AF9D18F687FF085">Almeida, Flávio Roberto De Albuquerque</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5A9F6245D13DAE59527D982E52C737C5">Esposito, Maria Cristina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="DA182BD72A192669403FEAAD9C2DCD7A">2016</mods:date>
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<treatment id="FD575C43FFB5FFE61EE097293255FC34" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6085067" ID-GBIF-Taxon="125783180" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6085067" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FD575C43FFB5FFE61EE097293255FC34" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FD575C43FFB5FFE61EE097293255FC34" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="447" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
<subSubSection id="3DE4BEDEFFB5FFE51EE097293111FD11" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7541ED55FFB5FFE51EE09729322AFD37" blockId="1.[151,539,617,677]" box="[151,539,617,643]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
<heading id="2E095A39FFB5FFE51EE09729322AFD37" bold="true" box="[151,539,617,643]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" reason="1">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB5FFE51EE09729322AFD37" bold="true" box="[151,539,617,643]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB5FFE51EE09729319EFD37" ID-CoL="9HVBM" box="[151,431,617,643]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="valladaresae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB5FFE51EE09729319EFD37" bold="true" box="[151,431,617,643]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Liriomyza valladaresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5CB98C3CFFB5FFE51FC99729322AFD37" box="[446,539,617,643]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7541ED55FFB5FFE51EE097CC3111FD11" blockId="1.[151,539,617,677]" box="[151,288,652,677]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
(
<figureCitation id="EDC5F1D0FFB5FFE51EE897CC3127FD11" box="[159,278,652,677]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 6" captionStart-1="FIGURES 7 13" captionStartId-0="2.[151,264,1900,1921]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,264,1764,1785]" captionTargetBox-0="[175,1421,961,1885]" captionTargetBox-1="[200,1403,195,1721]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[175,1423,954,1887]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[200,1404,195,1722]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 6. Liriomyza valladaresae sp. nov., male adult and genitalia. 1. Habitus, lateral view; 2. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 3. Wing; 4. Phallus, lateral view; 5. Genitalia, ventral view; 6. Genitalia, lateral view. Scale = 500 µm in figs 1 3, = 20 µm in figs 4 6. Abbreviations: ce = cercus, ea = ejaculatory apodeme, ep = epandrium, hy = hypandrium, ph = phallus, phd = phallapodeme, st = surstylus." captionText-1="FIGURES 7 13. Liriomyza valladaresae sp. nov. 7. Entire puparium, lateral view. Scale bar = 300 µm; 8. Anterior spiracle of puparium, lateral view. Scale bar = 20 µm; 9. Rows of intersegmental spines of puparium, lateral view. Scale bar = 20 µm; 10. Posterior spiracle of puparium, lateral view. Scale bar = 20 µm; 11. Leaf of Amaranthus viridis with mine, upper surface. Scale bar = 2 mm; 12. Leaf of Alternanthera tenella with mine, upper surface. Scale bar = 2 mm; 13. Leaf of Alternanthera tenella with mine, upper surface. Scale bar = 2 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/254671/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/254672/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Figs. 113</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3DE4BEDEFFB5FFE51EE0979434C6FD5E" box="[151,1271,723,746]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7541ED55FFB5FFE51EE0979434C6FD5E" blockId="1.[151,1271,723,746]" box="[151,1271,723,746]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB5FFE51EE097943227FD5E" ID-CoL="9HS24" authority="Spencer 1990: 67" authorityName="Spencer" authorityPageNumber="67" authorityYear="1990" box="[151,534,723,746]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flagellae">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB5FFE51EE09794316CFD5D" box="[151,349,723,745]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Liriomyza flagellae</emphasis>
Spencer 1990: 67
</taxonomicName>
, fig. 236 (
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB5FFE51C099794333CFD5D" box="[638,781,723,745]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">nomen nudum</emphasis>
); Martinez &amp; Étienne 2002: 37 (
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB5FFE51A2D979434D8FD5D" box="[1114,1257,723,745]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">nomen nudum</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3DE4BEDEFFB5FFE51EE096563165F8F2" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" type="description">
<paragraph id="7541ED55FFB5FFE51EE0965634BEFC9B" blockId="1.[151,1437,790,2006]" box="[151,1167,790,815]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB5FFE51EE096563118FC9B" bold="true" box="[151,297,790,815]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Description.</emphasis>
MALE. Wing length 2.63.0 mm. FEMALE. Wing length 3.2 mm in female.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7541ED55FFB5FFE51EB0967A31B2FC57" blockId="1.[151,1437,790,2006]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
Head. Fronto-orbital with 4 setae, anterior seta inclinate, second anterior slightly less so, posterior two reclinate; ocellar and postocellar setae divergent; inner vertical setae convergent; outer vertical about half the length of the internal; vibrissa strong and short; first flagellomere rounded (
<figureCitation id="EDC5F1D0FFB5FFE51D9996C2341EFC2F" box="[1006,1071,898,923]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1900,1921]" captionTargetBox="[175,1421,961,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[175,1423,954,1887]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 6. Liriomyza valladaresae sp. nov., male adult and genitalia. 1. Habitus, lateral view; 2. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 3. Wing; 4. Phallus, lateral view; 5. Genitalia, ventral view; 6. Genitalia, lateral view. Scale = 500 µm in figs 1 3, = 20 µm in figs 4 6. Abbreviations: ce = cercus, ea = ejaculatory apodeme, ep = epandrium, hy = hypandrium, ph = phallus, phd = phallapodeme, st = surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/254671/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
), with slight apical pubescence; arista 0.40 mm, with short but dense microtrichia; gena short (
<figureCitation id="EDC5F1D0FFB5FFE51D2796E633BEFC0B" box="[848,911,934,959]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1900,1921]" captionTargetBox="[175,1421,961,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[175,1423,954,1887]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 6. Liriomyza valladaresae sp. nov., male adult and genitalia. 1. Habitus, lateral view; 2. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 3. Wing; 4. Phallus, lateral view; 5. Genitalia, ventral view; 6. Genitalia, lateral view. Scale = 500 µm in figs 1 3, = 20 µm in figs 4 6. Abbreviations: ce = cercus, ea = ejaculatory apodeme, ep = epandrium, hy = hypandrium, ph = phallus, phd = phallapodeme, st = surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/254671/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
) with height at midpoint 0.22 times maximum eye height. Eye bare.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7541ED55FFB5FFE51EB096AE3549FBC7" blockId="1.[151,1437,790,2006]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
Thorax. Chaetotaxy: acrostichal setae in about 4 irregular rows, prescutellar acrostichal setae absent; dorsocentrals 1+3, supra-alars 1+2, strong postpronotal 1, postalar 1, notopleurals 2; anepisternum with 1 strong seta on posterior margin at midpoint with a few extra setulae; katepisternum with 1 strong seta on posterodorsal corner. Fore and mid tibiae without lateral setae. Wing: M1+2 ending at wing tip; costa extending to M1+2 (
<figureCitation id="EDC5F1D0FFB5FFE51B51911A3558FBC7" box="[1318,1385,1114,1139]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1900,1921]" captionTargetBox="[175,1421,961,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[175,1423,954,1887]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 6. Liriomyza valladaresae sp. nov., male adult and genitalia. 1. Habitus, lateral view; 2. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 3. Wing; 4. Phallus, lateral view; 5. Genitalia, ventral view; 6. Genitalia, lateral view. Scale = 500 µm in figs 1 3, = 20 µm in figs 4 6. Abbreviations: ce = cercus, ea = ejaculatory apodeme, ep = epandrium, hy = hypandrium, ph = phallus, phd = phallapodeme, st = surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/254671/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7541ED55FFB5FFE51EB091C131A8FA0E" blockId="1.[151,1437,790,2006]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
Color. Gena, parafacilia, fronto-orbital plate, frontal-vitta, antenna, palpus and mouth parts pale orange. Vertical setae on yellow ground. Ocellar triangle black. Occiput black. Clypeus black. Mesonotum almost completely dark shining, except for narrow yellow margin posteriorly (
<figureCitation id="EDC5F1D0FFB5FFE51DCD918933CEFB56" box="[954,1023,1225,1250]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1900,1921]" captionTargetBox="[175,1421,961,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[175,1423,954,1887]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 6. Liriomyza valladaresae sp. nov., male adult and genitalia. 1. Habitus, lateral view; 2. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 3. Wing; 4. Phallus, lateral view; 5. Genitalia, ventral view; 6. Genitalia, lateral view. Scale = 500 µm in figs 1 3, = 20 µm in figs 4 6. Abbreviations: ce = cercus, ea = ejaculatory apodeme, ep = epandrium, hy = hypandrium, ph = phallus, phd = phallapodeme, st = surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/254671/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Scutellum completely yellow (
<figureCitation id="EDC5F1D0FFB5FFE51B1891893094FAB2" captionStart="FIGURES 1 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1900,1921]" captionTargetBox="[175,1421,961,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[175,1423,954,1887]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 6. Liriomyza valladaresae sp. nov., male adult and genitalia. 1. Habitus, lateral view; 2. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 3. Wing; 4. Phallus, lateral view; 5. Genitalia, ventral view; 6. Genitalia, lateral view. Scale = 500 µm in figs 1 3, = 20 µm in figs 4 6. Abbreviations: ce = cercus, ea = ejaculatory apodeme, ep = epandrium, hy = hypandrium, ph = phallus, phd = phallapodeme, st = surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/254671/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
) sometimes with small black spots laterally in the proximal half. Pleuron yellow except basal portion of katepisternum and posterior margin of meron brownish (
<figureCitation id="EDC5F1D0FFB5FFE51D5990513343FA9E" box="[814,882,1297,1322]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1900,1921]" captionTargetBox="[175,1421,961,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[175,1423,954,1887]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 6. Liriomyza valladaresae sp. nov., male adult and genitalia. 1. Habitus, lateral view; 2. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 3. Wing; 4. Phallus, lateral view; 5. Genitalia, ventral view; 6. Genitalia, lateral view. Scale = 500 µm in figs 1 3, = 20 µm in figs 4 6. Abbreviations: ce = cercus, ea = ejaculatory apodeme, ep = epandrium, hy = hypandrium, ph = phallus, phd = phallapodeme, st = surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/254671/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Calypter light brown, margin and fringe also brown. Halter yellow. Legs completely yellow, except basal one fifth of hind tibia brownish (
<figureCitation id="EDC5F1D0FFB5FFE51AA190753528FAFA" box="[1238,1305,1333,1358]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1900,1921]" captionTargetBox="[175,1421,961,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[175,1423,954,1887]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 6. Liriomyza valladaresae sp. nov., male adult and genitalia. 1. Habitus, lateral view; 2. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 3. Wing; 4. Phallus, lateral view; 5. Genitalia, ventral view; 6. Genitalia, lateral view. Scale = 500 µm in figs 1 3, = 20 µm in figs 4 6. Abbreviations: ce = cercus, ea = ejaculatory apodeme, ep = epandrium, hy = hypandrium, ph = phallus, phd = phallapodeme, st = surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/254671/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Tergite 1 yellow; tergites 2 to 5 of male predominately dark brown with posterolateral margin yellow; tergites 2 to 4 of female pale brown and tergites 5 and 6 yellow with a median brown spot on the posterior margin. Sternites black. Oviscape glossy black.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7541ED55FFB5FFE51EB090853299F9FE" blockId="1.[151,1437,790,2006]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
Male genitalia. Epandrium yellow with setulae restricted to anteroventral corner, without spine (
<figureCitation id="EDC5F1D0FFB5FFE51A819085350BFA6A" box="[1270,1338,1477,1502]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1900,1921]" captionTargetBox="[175,1421,961,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[175,1423,954,1887]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 6. Liriomyza valladaresae sp. nov., male adult and genitalia. 1. Habitus, lateral view; 2. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 3. Wing; 4. Phallus, lateral view; 5. Genitalia, ventral view; 6. Genitalia, lateral view. Scale = 500 µm in figs 1 3, = 20 µm in figs 4 6. Abbreviations: ce = cercus, ea = ejaculatory apodeme, ep = epandrium, hy = hypandrium, ph = phallus, phd = phallapodeme, st = surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/254671/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). Cercus higher than long (
<figureCitation id="EDC5F1D0FFB5FFE51F0290A931F1F9B6" box="[373,448,1513,1538]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1900,1921]" captionTargetBox="[175,1421,961,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[175,1423,954,1887]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 6. Liriomyza valladaresae sp. nov., male adult and genitalia. 1. Habitus, lateral view; 2. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 3. Wing; 4. Phallus, lateral view; 5. Genitalia, ventral view; 6. Genitalia, lateral view. Scale = 500 µm in figs 1 3, = 20 µm in figs 4 6. Abbreviations: ce = cercus, ea = ejaculatory apodeme, ep = epandrium, hy = hypandrium, ph = phallus, phd = phallapodeme, st = surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/254671/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). Surstylus small, rounded, with three long setae distally, without spine (
<figureCitation id="EDC5F1D0FFB5FFE51B3590A935BCF9B6" box="[1346,1421,1513,1538]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1900,1921]" captionTargetBox="[175,1421,961,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[175,1423,954,1887]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 6. Liriomyza valladaresae sp. nov., male adult and genitalia. 1. Habitus, lateral view; 2. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 3. Wing; 4. Phallus, lateral view; 5. Genitalia, ventral view; 6. Genitalia, lateral view. Scale = 500 µm in figs 1 3, = 20 µm in figs 4 6. Abbreviations: ce = cercus, ea = ejaculatory apodeme, ep = epandrium, hy = hypandrium, ph = phallus, phd = phallapodeme, st = surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/254671/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). Distiphallus in form of two long and sinuous tubules (
<figureCitation id="EDC5F1D0FFB5FFE51D79934D334EF992" box="[782,895,1549,1574]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1900,1921]" captionTargetBox="[175,1421,961,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[175,1423,954,1887]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 6. Liriomyza valladaresae sp. nov., male adult and genitalia. 1. Habitus, lateral view; 2. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 3. Wing; 4. Phallus, lateral view; 5. Genitalia, ventral view; 6. Genitalia, lateral view. Scale = 500 µm in figs 1 3, = 20 µm in figs 4 6. Abbreviations: ce = cercus, ea = ejaculatory apodeme, ep = epandrium, hy = hypandrium, ph = phallus, phd = phallapodeme, st = surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/254671/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Figs. 4, 6</figureCitation>
). Ejaculatory apodeme club-like, asymmetrical with blade more expanded on one side (
<figureCitation id="EDC5F1D0FFB5FFE51C22937132A8F9FE" box="[597,665,1585,1610]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1900,1921]" captionTargetBox="[175,1421,961,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[175,1423,954,1887]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 6. Liriomyza valladaresae sp. nov., male adult and genitalia. 1. Habitus, lateral view; 2. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 3. Wing; 4. Phallus, lateral view; 5. Genitalia, ventral view; 6. Genitalia, lateral view. Scale = 500 µm in figs 1 3, = 20 µm in figs 4 6. Abbreviations: ce = cercus, ea = ejaculatory apodeme, ep = epandrium, hy = hypandrium, ph = phallus, phd = phallapodeme, st = surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/254671/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7541ED55FFB5FFE51EB0931532C0F94A" blockId="1.[151,1437,790,2006]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
Puparium. Older puparium black, barrel-shaped, tapering anteriorly, slightly dorsoventrally flattened with constrictions at the segmental borders (
<figureCitation id="EDC5F1D0FFB5FFE51C1F93393280F926" box="[616,689,1657,1682]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 13" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1764,1785]" captionTargetBox="[200,1403,195,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[200,1404,195,1722]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 7 13. Liriomyza valladaresae sp. nov. 7. Entire puparium, lateral view. Scale bar = 300 µm; 8. Anterior spiracle of puparium, lateral view. Scale bar = 20 µm; 9. Rows of intersegmental spines of puparium, lateral view. Scale bar = 20 µm; 10. Posterior spiracle of puparium, lateral view. Scale bar = 20 µm; 11. Leaf of Amaranthus viridis with mine, upper surface. Scale bar = 2 mm; 12. Leaf of Alternanthera tenella with mine, upper surface. Scale bar = 2 mm; 13. Leaf of Alternanthera tenella with mine, upper surface. Scale bar = 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/254672/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
). Intersegmental spines disposed in many irregular rows, close together and predominantly single pointed. Anterior spiracle with two main divergent branches (
<figureCitation id="EDC5F1D0FFB5FFE51AAB93DD3511F902" box="[1244,1312,1693,1718]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 13" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1764,1785]" captionTargetBox="[200,1403,195,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[200,1404,195,1722]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 7 13. Liriomyza valladaresae sp. nov. 7. Entire puparium, lateral view. Scale bar = 300 µm; 8. Anterior spiracle of puparium, lateral view. Scale bar = 20 µm; 9. Rows of intersegmental spines of puparium, lateral view. Scale bar = 20 µm; 10. Posterior spiracle of puparium, lateral view. Scale bar = 20 µm; 11. Leaf of Amaranthus viridis with mine, upper surface. Scale bar = 2 mm; 12. Leaf of Alternanthera tenella with mine, upper surface. Scale bar = 2 mm; 13. Leaf of Alternanthera tenella with mine, upper surface. Scale bar = 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/254672/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). Posterior spiracle claw-like, curving toward anal segment, with three openings laterally. Posterior spiracles placed in a rounded protuberance, curved anteriorly (
<figureCitation id="EDC5F1D0FFB5FFE51C1E93A532D2F94A" box="[617,739,1765,1790]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 13" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1764,1785]" captionTargetBox="[200,1403,195,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[200,1404,195,1722]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 7 13. Liriomyza valladaresae sp. nov. 7. Entire puparium, lateral view. Scale bar = 300 µm; 8. Anterior spiracle of puparium, lateral view. Scale bar = 20 µm; 9. Rows of intersegmental spines of puparium, lateral view. Scale bar = 20 µm; 10. Posterior spiracle of puparium, lateral view. Scale bar = 20 µm; 11. Leaf of Amaranthus viridis with mine, upper surface. Scale bar = 2 mm; 12. Leaf of Alternanthera tenella with mine, upper surface. Scale bar = 2 mm; 13. Leaf of Alternanthera tenella with mine, upper surface. Scale bar = 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/254672/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Figs. 7, 10</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7541ED55FFB5FFE51EB0924A3165F8F2" blockId="1.[151,1437,790,2006]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB5FFE51EB0924A3163F895" bold="true" box="[199,338,1802,1825]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Host plants</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB5FFE51F1392493269F895" box="[356,600,1801,1825]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Alternanthera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenella">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB5FFE51F1392493269F895" box="[356,600,1801,1825]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Alternanthera tenella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB5FFE51CE29249340EF896" box="[661,1087,1801,1826]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Amaranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB5FFE51CE29249335EF895" box="[661,879,1801,1825]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Amaranthus viridis</emphasis>
(Amaranthaceae)
</taxonomicName>
. Both of these host plants are invasive species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3DE4BEDEFFB5FFE51EB092123527F83A" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="7541ED55FFB5FFE51EB092123527F83A" blockId="1.[151,1437,790,2006]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB5FFE51EB092123177F8DD" bold="true" box="[199,326,1874,1897]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Etymology</emphasis>
. This new species is named in honor of Graciela Rosa Valladares, who first found this species, and in recognition of his significant contributions to the knowledge of the
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB5FFE51DD09235340EF83A" box="[935,1087,1909,1934]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Agromyzidae</taxonomicName>
of South America.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3DE4BEDEFFB5FFE51EB092D9324DF806" box="[199,636,1945,1970]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7541ED55FFB5FFE51EB092D9324DF806" blockId="1.[151,1437,790,2006]" box="[199,636,1945,1970]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB5FFE51EB092D93168F806" bold="true" box="[199,345,1945,1970]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Distribution</emphasis>
. Brazil (Pará), Argentina.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3DE4BEDEFFB5FFE61EB092FE3564FEA9" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="447" pageId="1" pageNumber="446" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7541ED55FFB5FFE61EB092FE3564FEA9" blockId="1.[151,1437,790,2006]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,896]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="447" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB5FFE51EB092FE315FF862" bold="true" box="[199,366,1981,2006]" pageId="1" pageNumber="446">Type material</emphasis>
. Holotype male labelled as follow: “Belém-Pará-Brasil/Jardim de residência [= house garden]/ 01°25.5103”S 48°27.1164”W/ 23.IV.2014/ F. S. Carvalho-Filho”, “Planta hospedeira: [= host plant]/
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61EE095FC31BBFF60" box="[151,394,188,212]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Alternanthera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenella">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61EE095FC31BBFF60" box="[151,394,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Alternanthera tenella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61FEB95FC327EFF61" box="[412,591,188,213]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Amaranthaceae</taxonomicName>
”. Paratypes: 2 males and 1 female labeled same as holotype and 1 male labeled as follow: “Belém-Pará-Brasil/Jardim de residência [= house garden]/ 01°25.5103”S48°27.1164”W/ 30.VII.2015/ F. S. Carvalho-Filho”, “Planta hospedeira: [= host plant]/
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61DC3944434BAFEA8" box="[948,1163,260,284]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Amaranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61DC3944434BAFEA8" box="[948,1163,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Amaranthus viridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61AED9444357BFEA9" box="[1178,1354,260,285]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Amaranthaceae</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3DE4BEDEFFB6FFE61EB09468346BFE40" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="7541ED55FFB6FFE61EB09468346BFE40" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,896]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61EB09468310AFE8B" bold="true" box="[199,315,296,319]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Remarks.</emphasis>
This new species differs from all other
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61D5F946833ABFE8B" box="[808,922,296,319]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61D5F946833ABFE8B" box="[808,922,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Liriomyza</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the distinctive shape of the phallus, as previously mentioned by Spencer (1990). The species
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61D6F940C3496FED7" authority="Boucher &amp; Nishida, L." authorityName="Boucher &amp; Nishida, L." box="[792,1191,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mystica">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61D6F940C33A1FED7" box="[792,912,332,355]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">L. mystica</emphasis>
Boucher &amp; Nishida,
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61AE7940C3496FED7" box="[1168,1191,332,355]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">L.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61AC5940C3521FED7" box="[1202,1296,332,355]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">prompta</emphasis>
Boucher &amp; Nishida,
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61E89943031CBFE3C" authority="Frost" authorityName="Frost" box="[254,506,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="commelinae">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61E8994303195FE33" box="[254,420,367,391]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">L. commelinae</emphasis>
(Frost)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61C4394303326FE3C" authority="Spencer" authorityName="Spencer" box="[564,791,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustae">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61C4394303285FE33" box="[564,692,367,391]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">L. robustae</emphasis>
Spencer
</taxonomicName>
also have a phallus composed by two elongated tubules (see figures 12, 13, 32, 33 in Boucher &amp; Nishida (2014) and figures 1293, 1295, 1296 in Spencer (1990)). However, in these species the tubules are shorter and straight, not conspicuously long and sinuous as in
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61BF294F83116FE40" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="valladaresae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61BF294F83116FE40" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">L. valladaresae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5CB98C3CFFB6FFE61F5A949D31B6FE40" box="[301,391,477,500]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" rank="species">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61F5A949D31B1FE40" bold="true" box="[301,384,477,500]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
In addition, the surstylus is absent in
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61D59949C3393FE47" box="[814,930,476,499]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mystica">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61D59949C3393FE47" box="[814,930,476,499]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">L. mystica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61DAF949C3462FE47" box="[984,1107,476,499]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prompta">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61DAF949C3462FE47" box="[984,1107,476,499]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">L. prompta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3DE4BEDEFFB6FFE61EB094BF3255FC34" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="7541ED55FFB6FFE61EB094BF34EEFD89" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,896]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61EB094BF312EFDAC" bold="true" box="[199,287,511,536]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Biology</emphasis>
. The larva produces a white, tightly coiled linear upper surface mine on the distal portion of the leaf. Frass is deposited in strings along the mine (
<figureCitation id="EDC5F1D0FFB6FFE61CFE97643308FD89" box="[649,825,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 13" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1764,1785]" captionTargetBox="[200,1403,195,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[200,1404,195,1722]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 7 13. Liriomyza valladaresae sp. nov. 7. Entire puparium, lateral view. Scale bar = 300 µm; 8. Anterior spiracle of puparium, lateral view. Scale bar = 20 µm; 9. Rows of intersegmental spines of puparium, lateral view. Scale bar = 20 µm; 10. Posterior spiracle of puparium, lateral view. Scale bar = 20 µm; 11. Leaf of Amaranthus viridis with mine, upper surface. Scale bar = 2 mm; 12. Leaf of Alternanthera tenella with mine, upper surface. Scale bar = 2 mm; 13. Leaf of Alternanthera tenella with mine, upper surface. Scale bar = 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/254672/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Figs. 11, 12, 13</figureCitation>
). Pupation takes place on the ground.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7541ED55FFB6FFE61EB09707329DFC8C" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,896]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">
This is the first record of a species of
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61C1F970832EBFDEB" box="[616,730,584,607]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61C1F970832EBFDEB" box="[616,730,584,607]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Liriomyza</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
mining leaves of
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61DD79707340CFDEB" box="[928,1085,583,607]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Alternanthera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61DD79707340CFDEB" box="[928,1085,583,607]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Alternanthera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Other genera with species that attack
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61E94972C31B1FD30" box="[227,384,620,644]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Alternanthera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61E94972C31B1FD30" box="[227,384,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Alternanthera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61FC2972C329EFD31" authority="Braznikov" authorityName="Braznikov" box="[437,687,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Ophiomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61FC2972C3203FD30" box="[437,562,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Ophiomyia</emphasis>
Bražnikov
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61C9D972C356FFD31" authority="Hendel (Benavent-Corai et al. 2005)" authorityName="Hendel (Benavent-Corai et al." authorityYear="2005" box="[746,1374,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Pseudonapomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61C9D972C339FFD30" box="[746,942,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Pseudonapomyza</emphasis>
Hendel (Benavent-Corai
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61AA2972C3538FD30" box="[1237,1289,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">et al</emphasis>
. 2005)
</taxonomicName>
. Five species of
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61F6297D031B6FD13" box="[277,391,656,679]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61F6297D031B6FD13" box="[277,391,656,679]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Liriomyza</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61FEC97D0328CFD1C" authority="Kaltenbach" authorityName="Kaltenbach" box="[411,701,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bryoniae">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61FEC97D03211FD13" box="[411,544,655,679]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">L. bryoniae</emphasis>
(Kaltenbach)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61CB897D03420FD1C" authority="Blanchard" authorityName="Blanchard" box="[719,1041,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="huidobrensis">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61CB897D033B1FD13" box="[719,896,655,679]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">L. huidobrensis</emphasis>
(Blanchard)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61A5597D0350AFD13" authority="Blanchard, L." authorityName="Blanchard, L." box="[1058,1339,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sativae">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61A5597D034A2FD13" box="[1058,1171,656,679]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">L. sativae</emphasis>
Blanchard,
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61B5497D0350AFD13" box="[1315,1339,656,679]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">L.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61B3297D035ADFD13" box="[1349,1436,656,679]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">strigata</emphasis>
(Meigen),
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61F7B97F431DFFD79" authority="Burgess" authorityName="Burgess" box="[268,494,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trifolii">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61F7B97F43140FD78" box="[268,369,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">L. trifolii</emphasis>
(Burgess))
</taxonomicName>
have been found attacking
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61D6897F43399FD78" box="[799,936,692,716]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Amaranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61D6897F43399FD78" box="[799,936,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Amaranthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Spencer 1990, Benavent-Corai
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61B6297F43574FD78" box="[1301,1349,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">et al</emphasis>
. 2005). The other species of agromyzid mining leaves of
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61C949797335DFD5B" box="[739,876,727,751]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Amaranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61C949797335DFD5B" box="[739,876,727,751]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Amaranthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are the following:
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61A24979831A5FCA1" authority="Malloch" authorityName="Malloch" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Amauromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abnormalis" subGenus="Cephalomyza">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61A24979834D7FD44" box="[1107,1254,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Amauromyza</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61A8D979735A3FD5B" box="[1274,1426,727,751]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Cephalomyza</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61EE097BC3126FCA0" box="[151,279,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">abnormalis</emphasis>
(Malloch)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61FD297BC32C6FCA1" authority="Frost" authorityName="Frost" box="[421,759,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Haplopeodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61FD297BC32AFFCA7" box="[421,670,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Haplopeodes minutus</emphasis>
(Frost)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61D7097BC3492FCA1" authority="Goureau" authorityName="Goureau" box="[775,1187,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Chromatomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="horticola">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61D7097BC3410FCA0" box="[775,1057,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Chromatomyia horticola</emphasis>
(Goureau)
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61A9097BC3298FC8C" authority="Spencer (Benavent-Corai et al. 2005)" authorityName="Spencer (Benavent-Corai et al." authorityYear="2005" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Melanagromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="consueta">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61A9097BC30CAFC83" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Melanagromyza consueta</emphasis>
Spencer (Benavent-Corai
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61C5396603264FC83" box="[548,597,799,823]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">et al</emphasis>
. 2005)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7541ED55FFB6FFE61EB096043255FC34" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,896]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61EB09604317CFCE9" bold="true" box="[199,333,836,861]" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Parasitoids</emphasis>
. One species of
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61C7D960432BBFCE9" box="[522,650,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Braconidae</taxonomicName>
and one species of
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61D1D960433DBFCE9" box="[874,1002,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Eulophidae</taxonomicName>
(probably
<taxonomicName id="B2FE96D6FFB6FFE61A1196043567FCE9" authority="Forster" authorityName="Forster" box="[1126,1366,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Chrysocharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="447" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="478A3147FFB6FFE61A11960434CCFCE8" box="[1126,1277,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="447">Chrysocharis</emphasis>
Förster
</taxonomicName>
) were found pupating inside the host puparium.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>