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<mods:title id="DFF3286570F65DEC84BE025E0E6B1F65">South African Acrothoracica (Crustacea: Cirripedia)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="18607FDD433D93BD1A18C7A66F38A942">Botha, Thomas P. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="58CAAD3487D80BEB670FD496C026D261">Department of Biological Sciences and Marine Research Institute, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa &amp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5791 - 4725</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="8B95133EFFCBFFA9FF6EEAC0FDCC0190" blockId="18.[151,579,685,712]" box="[151,579,685,712]" pageId="18" pageNumber="63">
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<emphasis id="B95ECF2CFFCBFFA9FF6EEAC0FDCC0190" bold="true" box="[151,579,685,712]" pageId="18" pageNumber="63">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C2A68BDFFCBFFA9FF17EAC0FDCC0190" authority="Utinomii, 1950" authorityName="Utinomii" authorityYear="1950" box="[238,579,685,712]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Lithoglyptidae" genus="Balanodytes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pygophora" pageId="18" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95ECF2CFFCBFFA9FF17EAC0FE0D019F" bold="true" box="[238,386,685,712]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="63">Balanodytes</emphasis>
Utinomii, 1950
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33040B5FFCBFFA9FF6EEA9FFD2E007F" pageId="18" pageNumber="63" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B95133EFFCBFFA9FF6EEA9FFC99005D" blockId="18.[151,790,754,809]" box="[151,790,754,778]" pageId="18" pageNumber="63">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8B352FFFCBFFA9FF6EEA9FFE6B005D" author="Utinomi, H." box="[151,484,754,778]" page="453" pageId="18" pageNumber="63" year="1950">
<taxonomicName id="4C2A68BDFFCBFFA9FF6EEA9FFE6B005D" authority="Utinomi, 1950: 453" authorityName="Utinomii" authorityPageNumber="453" authorityYear="1950" box="[151,484,754,778]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Lithoglyptidae" genus="Balanodytes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pygophora" pageId="18" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95ECF2CFFCBFFA9FF6EEA9FFE9B005D" box="[151,276,754,778]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="63">Balanodytes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB6ECFFFCBFFA9FEE2EA9FFE6B005D" author="Utinomi, H." box="[283,484,754,778]" pageId="18" pageNumber="63" pagination="428 - 461" refId="ref15888" refString="Utinomi, H. (1950) General account of Acrothoracica. In: Nakamura, K. (Ed.), Some Problems in Modern Biology. Zoshindo, Osaka, pp. 428 - 461. [in Japanense]" type="book chapter" year="1950">Utinomi, 1950: 453</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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, 458.—
<treatmentCitation id="0A8B352FFFCBFFA9FDCAEA9FFC9D005D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6163733" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6163733" author="Chan, B. K. K. &amp; Cheang, C. C. &amp; Chen, I. H. &amp; Kolbasov, G. A." box="[563,786,754,778]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A687D6EB630511FF3BFC5CFC71D783" page="226" pageId="18" pageNumber="63" year="2013">
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB6ECFFFCBFFA9FDCAEA9FFC9D005D" author="Chan, B. K. K. &amp; Cheang, C. C. &amp; Chen, I. H. &amp; Kolbasov, G. A." box="[563,786,754,778]" pageId="18" pageNumber="63" pagination="221 - 239" refId="ref14418" refString="Chan, B. K. K., Cheang, C. C., Chen, I. H. &amp; Kolbasov, G. A. (2013) Acrothoracican barnacles (Lithoglyptida) in Taiwan, including the taxonomic status of Balanodytes taiwanus Utinomi, 1950 and cryptic diversity of Auritoglyptes bicornis (Aurivillius, 1892), Zootaxa, 3694 (3), 221 - 239. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3694.3.3" type="journal article" year="2013">
Chan
<emphasis id="B95ECF2CFFCBFFA9FD89EA9EFD12005D" box="[624,669,754,778]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="63">et al</emphasis>
. 2013: 226
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B95133EFFCBFFA9FF6EEB7DFD2E007F" blockId="18.[151,790,754,809]" box="[151,673,784,809]" pageId="18" pageNumber="63">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3A3410FFCBFFA9FF6EEB7DFD2E007F" box="[151,673,784,809]" pageId="18" pageNumber="63">
<treatmentCitation id="0A8B352FFFCBFFA9FF6EEB7DFD12007F" author="Kolbasov, G. A. &amp; Newman, W. A." box="[151,669,784,809]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C987BBFFA2FFCAFE8E97F390139BCD" page="51" pageId="18" pageNumber="63" year="2005">
<taxonomicName id="4C2A68BDFFCBFFA9FF6EEB7DFD12007F" authority="Kolbasov &amp; Newman, 2005: 47 - 51" authorityName="Kolbasov &amp; Newman" authorityPageNumber="47 - 51" authorityYear="2005" box="[151,669,784,809]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Lithoglyptidae" genus="Armatoglyptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pygophora" pageId="18" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95ECF2CFFCBFFA9FF6EEB7DFEA4007F" box="[151,299,784,808]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="63">Armatoglyptes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB6ECFFFCBFFA9FEC8EB7DFD12007F" author="Kolbasov, G. A. &amp; Newman, W. A." box="[305,669,784,809]" pageId="18" pageNumber="63" pagination="35 - 64" refId="ref15287" refString="Kolbasov, G. A. &amp; Newman, W. A. (2005) Revision of the Lithoglyptidae sensu Tomlinson, 1969 and Lithoglyptes Aurivillius, 1892 (Cirripedia, Acrothoracica), including a new species from Bermuda. Zootaxa, 1013 (1), 35 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1013.1.3" type="journal article" year="2005">Kolbasov &amp; Newman, 2005: 4751</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33040B5FFCBFFA9FF6EEB3BFC7000EE" pageId="18" pageNumber="63" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B95133EFFCBFFA9FF6EEB3BFC7000EE" blockId="18.[151,1437,854,1241]" pageId="18" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B95ECF2CFFCBFFA9FF6EEB3BFE9D0027" bold="true" box="[151,274,854,880]" pageId="18" pageNumber="63">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Females, terminal cirri with four pairs, two-segmented caudal appendages without pedestals, opercular area with no posterior setose processes or lobes, posterior processes of opercular bars well-developed, orificial knob and lateral bars both present or absent. Dwarf males with no attachment stalk.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33040B5FFCBFFA9FF3EEBAEFBB8078E" pageId="18" pageNumber="63" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B95133EFFCBFFA9FF3EEBAEFBB8078E" blockId="18.[151,1437,854,1241]" pageId="18" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B95ECF2CFFCBFFA9FF3EEBAEFEB4008A" bold="true" box="[199,315,963,989]" pageId="18" pageNumber="63">Remarks.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB6ECFFFCBFFA9FEBDEBAEFE7A008A" author="Utinomi, H." box="[324,501,962,989]" pageId="18" pageNumber="63" pagination="428 - 461" refId="ref15888" refString="Utinomi, H. (1950) General account of Acrothoracica. In: Nakamura, K. (Ed.), Some Problems in Modern Biology. Zoshindo, Osaka, pp. 428 - 461. [in Japanense]" type="book chapter" year="1950">Utinomi (1950)</bibRefCitation>
erected this genus and the species was described without caudal appendages. Initially the genus only included
<taxonomicName id="4C2A68BDFFCBFFA9FE09EB8AFDF90757" authorityName="Utinomi" authorityYear="1950" box="[496,630,999,1024]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Lithoglyptidae" genus="Balanodytes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pygophora" pageId="18" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwanus">
<emphasis id="B95ECF2CFFCBFFA9FE09EB8AFDF90757" box="[496,630,999,1024]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="63">B. taiwanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and subsequently no additional species were added. However, in 2013 Chan
<emphasis id="B95ECF2CFFCBFFA9FF20EC66FE860772" box="[217,265,1035,1061]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="63">et al</emphasis>
. discovered that a
<taxonomicName id="4C2A68BDFFCBFFA9FE20EC66FDD20773" authorityName="Utinomi" authorityYear="1950" box="[473,605,1035,1060]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Lithoglyptidae" genus="Balanodytes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pygophora" pageId="18" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwanus">
<emphasis id="B95ECF2CFFCBFFA9FE20EC66FDD20773" box="[473,605,1035,1060]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="63">B. taiwanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimen from Utinomi in fact had caudal appendages. The diagnosis was thus corrected and then became the same as that of
<taxonomicName id="4C2A68BDFFCBFFA9FD2EEC42FB30071E" authority="Kolbasov &amp; Newman, 2005" authorityName="Kolbasov &amp; Newman" authorityYear="2005" box="[727,1215,1070,1097]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Lithoglyptidae" genus="Armatoglyptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pygophora" pageId="18" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95ECF2CFFCBFFA9FD2EEC42FCF5071E" box="[727,890,1071,1097]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="63">Armatoglyptes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB6ECFFFCBFFA9FC7BEC42FB30071E" author="Kolbasov, G. A. &amp; Newman, W. A." box="[898,1215,1070,1097]" pageId="18" pageNumber="63" pagination="35 - 64" refId="ref15287" refString="Kolbasov, G. A. &amp; Newman, W. A. (2005) Revision of the Lithoglyptidae sensu Tomlinson, 1969 and Lithoglyptes Aurivillius, 1892 (Cirripedia, Acrothoracica), including a new species from Bermuda. Zootaxa, 1013 (1), 35 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1013.1.3" type="journal article" year="2005">Kolbasov &amp; Newman, 2005</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, which consisted of nine species, but without a
<typeStatus id="5491AD9CFFCBFFA9FE31EC3EFE77073A" box="[456,504,1107,1133]" pageId="18" pageNumber="63">type</typeStatus>
species designated. Thus, all species of
<taxonomicName id="4C2A68BDFFCBFFA9FC43EC3EFBD2073A" authorityName="Kolbasov &amp; Newman" authorityYear="2005" box="[954,1117,1107,1133]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Lithoglyptidae" genus="Armatoglyptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pygophora" pageId="18" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95ECF2CFFCBFFA9FC43EC3EFBD2073A" box="[954,1117,1107,1133]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="63">Armatoglyptes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were moved to
<taxonomicName id="4C2A68BDFFCBFFA9FAEBEC3EFA13073A" authorityName="Utinomii" authorityYear="1950" box="[1298,1436,1107,1133]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Lithoglyptidae" genus="Balanodytes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pygophora" pageId="18" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95ECF2CFFCBFFA9FAEBEC3EFA13073A" box="[1298,1436,1107,1133]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="63">Balanodytes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2A68BDFFCBFFA9FF3FEC1AFEE607C6" authorityName="Kolbasov &amp; Newman" authorityYear="2005" box="[198,361,1143,1169]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Lithoglyptidae" genus="Armatoglyptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pygophora" pageId="18" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95ECF2CFFCBFFA9FF3FEC1AFEE607C6" box="[198,361,1143,1169]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="63">Armatoglyptes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was deemed to be a junior synonym. Hence that name is no longer in use (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB6ECFFFCBFFA9FB5EEC1AFAE507C6" author="Chan, B. K. K. &amp; Cheang, C. C. &amp; Chen, I. H. &amp; Kolbasov, G. A." box="[1191,1386,1143,1169]" pageId="18" pageNumber="63" pagination="221 - 239" refId="ref14418" refString="Chan, B. K. K., Cheang, C. C., Chen, I. H. &amp; Kolbasov, G. A. (2013) Acrothoracican barnacles (Lithoglyptida) in Taiwan, including the taxonomic status of Balanodytes taiwanus Utinomi, 1950 and cryptic diversity of Auritoglyptes bicornis (Aurivillius, 1892), Zootaxa, 3694 (3), 221 - 239. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3694.3.3" type="journal article" year="2013">
Chan
<emphasis id="B95ECF2CFFCBFFA9FB13EC1AFA9407C6" box="[1258,1307,1143,1169]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="63">et al</emphasis>
., 2013
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB6ECFFFCBFFA9FA8CEC1AFE9707E1" author="Lin, H. C. &amp; Kolbasov, G. A. &amp; Chan, B. K." pageId="18" pageNumber="63" pagination="292 - 302" refId="ref15352" refString="Lin, H. C., Kolbasov, G. A. &amp; Chan, B. K. (2016) Phylogenetic relationships of Darwin's &quot; Mr. Arthrobalanus: The burrowing barnacles (Cirripedia: Acrothoracica). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 100, 292 - 302. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2016.03.016" type="journal article" year="2016">
Lin
<emphasis id="B95ECF2CFFCBFFA9FF6EECF6FF5F07E2" box="[151,208,1179,1205]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
, 2016
</bibRefCitation>
) and 11 species were included in the genus. Two species are recorded below for the first time in
<collectingCountry id="F33D53AEFFCBFFA9FAA2ECF6FF6E078E" name="South Africa" pageId="18" pageNumber="63">South Africa</collectingCountry>
, one of which is described as new, thus bringing the total in the genus to 12.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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