195 lines
22 KiB
XML
195 lines
22 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="A6D26739337F67D475C1143C1C96B67C">A key to European species of Hyposoter Förster, 1869 (Ichneumonidae: Campopleginae) with descriptions of 18 new species, and notes on all included species</mods:title>
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<treatment id="E62587BFFFBCFFDEFF7E40E490096552" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7971484" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209630525" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7971484" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E62587BFFFBCFFDEFF7E40E490096552" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E62587BFFFBCFFDEFF7E40E490096552" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<paragraph id="6E3336A9FFBCFFDFFF7E40E4900860E4" blockId="34.[151,620,1245,1272]" box="[151,620,1245,1272]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBCFFDFFF7E40E4900860E4" ID-CoL="3NYVQ" ID-ENA="2882156" authority="(Bridgman, 1882)" baseAuthorityName="Bridgman" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[151,620,1245,1272]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Hyposoter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brischkei">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBCFFDFFF7E40E493ED60EB" bold="true" box="[151,393,1245,1272]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Hyposoter brischkei</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="0A1D4B58FFBCFFDFFE7140E7900060E4" author="Bridgman, J. B." box="[408,612,1245,1271]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="141 - 164" refId="ref52520" refString="Bridgman, J. B. (1882) Further additions to the Rev. T. A. Marshall's catalogue of British Ichneumonidae. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1882, 141 - 164. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1882. tb 01574. x" type="journal article" year="1882">Bridgman, 1882</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="26966522FFBCFFDFFF7E411997E56321" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="6E3336A9FFBCFFDFFF7E4119911C6129" blockId="34.[151,888,1314,1338]" box="[151,888,1314,1338]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBCFFDFFF7E411990626129" authority="Bridgman, 1882" authorityName="Bridgman" authorityYear="1882" box="[151,518,1314,1338]" class="Gastropoda" family="Velutinidae" genus="Limneria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="brischkei">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBCFFDFFF7E411993336129" box="[151,343,1314,1338]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Limneria brischkei</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="0A1D4B58FFBCFFDFFEB7411890626129" author="Bridgman, J. B." box="[350,518,1314,1338]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="141 - 164" refId="ref52520" refString="Bridgman, J. B. (1882) Further additions to the Rev. T. A. Marshall's catalogue of British Ichneumonidae. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1882, 141 - 164. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1882. tb 01574. x" type="journal article" year="1882">Bridgman, 1882</bibRefCitation>
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</materialsCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<typeStatus id="B137880BFFBCFFDFFDF94118900D6129" box="[528,617,1314,1338]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount id="788AFD20FFBCFFDFFD86411990E66129" box="[623,642,1315,1338]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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in NHMUK, examined.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6E3336A9FFBCFFDFFF7E415297E56321" blockId="34.[151,1437,1384,2023]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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There has been, and perhaps still is, confusion between this species and
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBCFFDFFC58415396FF6191" authority="(Thomson)" baseAuthorityName="Thomson" box="[945,1179,1384,1410]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Anilasta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boops">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBCFFDFFC58415396716191" box="[945,1045,1384,1410]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">H. boops</emphasis>
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(Thomson)
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</taxonomicName>
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, which were first synonymized by
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<bibRefCitation id="0A1D4B58FFBCFFDFFECB41B693A161B4" author="Aubert, J. - F." box="[290,453,1420,1447]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="13 - 17" refId="ref52322" refString="Aubert, J. - F. (1975) Les Ichneumonides petiolees ouest-palearctiques de MORLEY. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de Mulhouse, 1975, 13 - 17." type="journal article" year="1975">Aubert (1975)</bibRefCitation>
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, and then again separated in
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<bibRefCitation id="0A1D4B58FFBCFFDFFCE741B691D661B4" author="Aubert, J. - F." box="[782,946,1420,1447]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="99 - 114" refId="ref52391" refString="Aubert, J. - F. (1997) 10 eme supplement au catalogue de GAULLE: 129 especes d'Ichneumonides nouvelles pour la faune francaise (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae). Nouvelle Revue d'Entomologie, 14, 99 - 114." type="journal article" year="1997">Aubert (1997)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="0A1D4B58FFBCFFDFFC5741B796EA61B4" author="Horstmann, K." box="[958,1166,1421,1447]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref53690" refString="Horstmann, K. (2013) Revisionen von Schlupfwespen-Arten XVII (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Mitteilungen Munchener Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 103, 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="2013">Horstmann (2013)</bibRefCitation>
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dealt with this problem and concluded that there was a constant difference between the two taxa in the sculpture of the propodeum, with the carinae defining the distal part of the area superomedia blurred or absent in
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBCFFDFFC3141EE965B61FD" authorityName="Bridgman" authorityYear="1882" box="[984,1087,1492,1518]" class="Gastropoda" family="Velutinidae" genus="Limneria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="brischkei">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBCFFDFFC3141EE965B61FD" box="[984,1087,1492,1518]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">brischkei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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but clearly defined in
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBCFFDFFADC41EE97E461FD" box="[1333,1408,1492,1518]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBCFFDFFADC41EE971F61FD" authority="(Thomson)" box="[1333,1403,1492,1518]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Anilasta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boops">boops</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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In the very long series of
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBCFFDFFE7D41C2939F6201" authorityName="Bridgman" authorityYear="1882" box="[404,507,1528,1554]" class="Gastropoda" family="Velutinidae" genus="Limneria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="brischkei">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBCFFDFFE7D41C2939F6201" box="[404,507,1528,1554]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">brischkei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in NMS there is a good deal of variation in this feature. In most cases the carinae to the rear of the costulae are faint or absent, and the area petiolaris is evenly and finely granulate. However, the lateral carinae of the distal half of the area superomedia are certainly visible in some specimens. We have found only
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<specimenCount id="788AFD20FFBCFFDFFA9D427B9365626D" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
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marked by Horstmann as
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBCFFDFFDCA425E9011626D" box="[547,629,1636,1662]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">‘boops’</emphasis>
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in Horstmann’s collection: this is from the Harz mountains and might be the one mentioned in his 2013 paper: it has a strongly defined area superomedia and a much more rugose area petiolaris, but it also has very dark second and third sternites. Aubert described the area superomedia of the
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<typeStatus id="B137880BFFBCFFDFFAF14296971B62D5" box="[1304,1407,1708,1734]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBCFFDFFF7E42EB929F62F9" authority="(Thomson)" box="[151,251,1744,1770]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Anilasta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boops">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBCFFDFFF7E42EB929F62F9" box="[151,251,1744,1770]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">H. boops</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, in translation, as ‘narrow, weakly defined, but with a trace of longitudinal carinae’. We have not ourselves seen the
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<typeStatus id="B137880BFFBCFFDFFF1042CE9304631D" box="[249,352,1780,1806]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBCFFDFFE6C42CF938F631D" authority="(Thomson)" box="[389,491,1780,1806]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Anilasta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boops">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBCFFDFFE6C42CF938F631D" box="[389,491,1780,1806]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">H. boops</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, as Horstmann had, and have therefore left Horstmann’s draft key unchanged in this respect, continuing to treat the two species as distinct. But this is a stance that will certainly need to be revisited.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="26966522FFBCFFDEFF7E430790096552" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="6E3336A9FFBCFFDEFF7E430791F864EA" blockId="34.[151,1437,1384,2023]" lastBlockId="35.[151,1436,151,321]" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBCFFDFFF7E430793456345" authorityName="Bridgman" authorityYear="1882" box="[151,289,1852,1878]" class="Gastropoda" family="Velutinidae" genus="Limneria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="brischkei">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBCFFDFFF7E430793456345" box="[151,289,1852,1878]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">H. brischkei</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
has been reared from a wide variety of noctuid and geometrid larvae, but also from two tortricids (details in
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<bibRefCitation id="0A1D4B58FFBCFFDFFF05435A93D56369" author="Shaw, M. R. & Horstmann, K. & Whiffin, A. L." box="[236,433,1888,1914]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="177 - 222" refId="ref55208" refString="Shaw, M. R., Horstmann, K. & Whiffin, A. L. (2016) Two hundred and twenty-five species of reared western Palaearctic Campopleginae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) in the National Museums of Scotland, with descriptions of new species of Campoplex and Diadegma, and records of fifty-five species new to Britain. Entomologist's Gazette, 67, 177 - 222." type="journal article" year="2016">
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||
Shaw
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||
<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBCFFDFFEDA435B93086369" box="[307,364,1888,1914]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">et al.</emphasis>
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||
2016
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
). The
|
||
<typeStatus id="B137880BFFBCFFDFFE11435A903E6369" box="[504,602,1888,1914]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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was reared from
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBCFFDFFCCA435B96156369" authority="(Hufnagel)" baseAuthorityName="Hufnagel" box="[803,1137,1888,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Xestia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triangulum">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBCFFDFFCCA435B91896369" box="[803,1005,1888,1914]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Xestia triangulum</emphasis>
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||
(Hufnagel)
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBCFFDFFB69435A97686369" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1152,1292,1888,1914]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBCFFDFFAF0435A97F66369" box="[1305,1426,1888,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Noctuidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). In NHMUK there are also
|
||
<specimenCount id="788AFD20FFBCFFDFFE2643BE900D638D" box="[463,617,1924,1950]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="generic">16 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
reared in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFBCFFDFFD0843BE9127638D" box="[737,835,1924,1950]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Scotland</collectingCountry>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBCFFDFFC6543BE96B4638D" authority="(Linnaeus)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" box="[908,1232,1924,1950]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Thera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juniperata">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBCFFDFFC6543BE962A638D" box="[908,1102,1924,1950]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Thera juniperata</emphasis>
|
||
(Linnaeus)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and 9 labelled as reared in southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFBCFFDFFE80439293A263D1" box="[361,454,1960,1986]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">England</collectingCountry>
|
||
from “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBCFFDFFDFE439390E063D1" authorityName="Schiffermuller" authorityYear="1775" box="[535,644,1961,1986]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Thera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variata">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBCFFDFFDFE439390E063D1" box="[535,644,1961,1986]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">T. variata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, almost certainly
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBCFFDFFCB04393918C63D1" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1787" box="[857,1000,1960,1986]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Thera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obeliscata">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBCFFDFFCB04393918C63D1" box="[857,1000,1960,1986]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">T. obeliscata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Ḩbner) (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBCFFDFFB8D4392969463D1" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1124,1264,1960,1986]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBCFFDFFB12439297F563D1" baseAuthorityName="Leach" baseAuthorityYear="1815" box="[1275,1425,1960,1986]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Geometridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). This appears to be one of the commonest species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFBCFFDFFD3343F7912B63F5" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1869" box="[730,847,1997,2022]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Hyposoter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFBCFFDFFD3343F7912B63F5" box="[730,847,1997,2022]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Hyposoter</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFBCFFDFFC7043F791A063F4" box="[921,964,1997,2023]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">UK</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and there are literature records from most countries in central and northern Europe. There is a very long series from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFBDFFDEFC0A44AD965964A2" box="[995,1085,151,177]" name="Norway" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||
in the third author’s collection and we have seen specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFBDFFDEFDF1448190E664C6" box="[536,642,187,213]" name="Germany" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
. We have seen specimens taken in all months from May to October, but most from June to September, with a strong peak in July and August.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E3336A9FFBDFFDEFF2E453990096552" blockId="35.[151,1436,151,321]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Eight specimens from the third author’s collection were barcoded (BOLD Sample IDs CollHH1213, 1215, 3471, 3472, 3473, 3474, 3475, and 3487).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |