292 lines
30 KiB
XML
292 lines
30 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="6F10AFBF75D9920EE5FCE863B17E4C31">A key to European species of Hyposoter Förster, 1869 (Ichneumonidae: Campopleginae) with descriptions of 18 new species, and notes on all included species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D5CDE998A5125867F1C2A1FAFF0FBA32">Galsworthy, Anthony</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3FA23DCADC9FAA3239A3170A03B0D7E8">Shaw, Mark R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="4AE06887A95C89083DBE9981424A76DD">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="26966522FFB7FFD4FF7E406490EF6064" box="[151,651,1117,1144]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="6E3336A9FFB7FFD4FF7E406490EF6064" blockId="41.[151,651,1117,1144]" box="[151,651,1117,1144]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<heading id="357B81C5FFB7FFD4FF7E406490EF6064" bold="true" box="[151,651,1117,1144]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFB7FFD4FF7E406490EF6064" ID-CoL="3NYWN" ID-ENA="1045610" authority="(Gravenhorst, 1829)" baseAuthorityName="Gravenhorst" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[151,651,1117,1144]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Hyposoter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ebeninus">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFB7FFD4FF7E406490EF6064" bold="true" box="[151,651,1117,1144]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFB7FFD4FF7E406493E3606B" bold="true" box="[151,391,1117,1144]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Hyposoter ebeninus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="0A1D4B58FFB7FFD4FE7E406790E76064" author="Gravenhorst, J. L. C." box="[407,643,1117,1143]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref53031" refString="Gravenhorst, J. L. C. (1829) Ichneumonologia Europaea. Pars III. Sumtibus auctoris, Vratislaviae, 1097 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 65750" type="book" year="1829">Gravenhorst, 1829</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="26966522FFB7FFD4FF7E4098914060E4" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="6E3336A9FFB7FFD4FF7E409890F660CB" blockId="41.[151,1429,1186,1302]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFB7FFD4FF7E4098905560A9" authority="Gravenhorst, 1829" authorityName="Gravenhorst" authorityYear="1829" box="[151,561,1186,1210]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Campoplex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ebeninus">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFB7FFD4FF7E4098930F60A9" box="[151,363,1186,1210]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Campoplex ebeninus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="0A1D4B58FFB7FFD4FE984098905560A9" author="Gravenhorst, J. L. C." box="[369,561,1186,1210]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref53031" refString="Gravenhorst, J. L. C. (1829) Ichneumonologia Europaea. Pars III. Sumtibus auctoris, Vratislaviae, 1097 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 65750" type="book" year="1829">Gravenhorst, 1829</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<typeStatus id="B137880BFFB7FFD4FDD2409890FC60A9" box="[571,664,1186,1210]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount id="788AFD20FFB7FFD4FD77409890D560AA" box="[670,689,1186,1209]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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in UWCP, designated by
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<bibRefCitation id="0A1D4B58FFB7FFD4FC5E409896EF60A9" author="Townes, H. K. & Momoi, S. & Townes, M." box="[951,1163,1186,1210]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="1 - 661" refId="ref55616" refString="Townes, H. K., Momoi, S. & Townes, M. (1965) A catalogue and reclassification of the eastern Palearctic Ichneumonidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 5, 1 - 661." type="journal article" year="1965">
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Townes
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFB7FFD4FBE24099965B60A9" box="[1035,1087,1186,1210]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
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(1965)
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</bibRefCitation>
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, examined by Horstmann. syn.
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFB7FFD4FF2E40FB906A60CA" authority="Tschek, 1871" authorityName="Tschek" authorityYear="1871" box="[199,526,1216,1241]" class="Gastropoda" family="Velutinidae" genus="Limneria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFB7FFD4FF2E40FB931960CB" box="[199,381,1216,1240]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Limneria vulgaris</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="0A1D4B58FFB7FFD4FE6D40FA906A60CA" author="Tschek, C." box="[388,526,1216,1241]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="37 - 68" refId="ref55658" refString="Tschek, C. (1871) Ichneumonologische Fragmente. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 21, 37 - 68." type="journal article" year="1871">Tschek, 1871</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="0A1D4B58FFB7FFD4FDF140FA90F660CB" author="Hinz, R." box="[536,658,1216,1240]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="86 - 90" refId="ref53220" refString="Hinz, R. (1957) Zur systematik und ˆ kologie der Ichneumoniden 1 (Hym). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 4, 86 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 19570040112" type="journal article" year="1957">Hinz (1957)</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6E3336A9FFB7FFD4FF7E40DA914060E4" blockId="41.[151,1429,1186,1302]" box="[151,804,1247,1272]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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syn.
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFB7FFD4FF2E40DA900460E4" authority="Szepigleti, 1916" authorityName="Szepigleti" authorityYear="1916" box="[199,608,1247,1271]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Limnerium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevicaudis">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFB7FFD4FF2E40DA93D660E4" box="[199,434,1247,1271]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Limnerium brevicaudis</emphasis>
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Szépigleti, 1916
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="0A1D4B58FFB7FFD4FD8340DA914060E4" author="Horstmann, K." box="[618,804,1247,1271]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="37 - 45" refId="ref53417" refString="Horstmann, K. (1978) Typenrevision der von G. Szepigleti beschriebenen palaarktischen Arten der Unterfamilie Campopleginae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Folia Entomologica Hungarica, 31, 37 - 45." type="journal article" year="1978">Horstmann (1978)</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="26966522FFB7FFD4FF7E40C491AD63D1" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="description">
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<paragraph id="6E3336A9FFB7FFD4FF7E40C490C56105" blockId="41.[151,1429,1186,1302]" box="[151,673,1278,1302]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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syn.
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFB7FFD4FF2E40C493B96105" authority="Meyer, 1926" authorityName="Meyer" authorityYear="1926" box="[199,477,1278,1302]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Angitia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rapae">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFB7FFD4FF2E40C493376105" box="[199,339,1278,1302]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Angitia rapae</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="0A1D4B58FFB7FFD4FEB040C493B96105" author="Meyer, N. F." box="[345,477,1278,1302]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="260 - 264" refId="ref54342" refString="Meyer, N. F. (1926) Einige neue Ichneumoniden und Cynipiden. Revue Russe d'Entomologie, 20, 260 - 264." type="journal article" year="1926">Meyer, 1926</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="0A1D4B58FFB7FFD4FE0E40C490C56105" author="Horstmann, K." box="[487,673,1278,1302]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="413 - 472" refId="ref53346" refString="Horstmann, K. (1969) Typenrevision der europaischen Arten der Gattung Diadegma F ˆ rster (syn. Angitia Holmgren). Beitrage zur Entomologie, 19, 413 - 472." type="journal article" year="1969">Horstmann (1969)</bibRefCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="6E3336A9FFB7FFD4FF7E417E93C761FC" blockId="41.[151,1437,1348,1987]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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Females are easily distinguished from all other species with all dark tergites and sternites in the metasoma, except
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFB7FFD4FF7E415393F16191" baseAuthorityName="Rondani" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[151,405,1384,1410]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Hyposoter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhodocerae">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFB7FFD4FF7E415393F16191" box="[151,405,1384,1410]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Hyposoter rhodocerae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by the length of the ovipositor, and can be separated from the latter by the key characters. Males can be more difficult to separate, especially from
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFB7FFD4FCE741B6910961B5" baseAuthorityName="Desvignes" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[782,877,1420,1446]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Hyposoter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="placidus">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFB7FFD4FCE741B6910961B5" box="[782,877,1420,1446]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">placidus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but the dorsal face of the propodeum is longer in
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFB7FFD4FF7E418A929261D9" baseAuthorityName="Desvignes" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[151,246,1456,1482]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Hyposoter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="placidus">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFB7FFD4FF7E418A929261D9" box="[151,246,1456,1482]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">placidus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, especially viewed laterally. The faint yellow spot at the base of the hind tibia is usually visible in
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFB7FFD4FADF418A97F161D9" baseAuthorityName="Desvignes" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[1334,1429,1456,1482]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Hyposoter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="placidus">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFB7FFD4FADF418A97F161D9" box="[1334,1429,1456,1482]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">placidus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but lacking in
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<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFB7FFD4FED141EE93F861FD" authorityName="Gravenhorst" authorityYear="1829" box="[312,412,1492,1518]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Campoplex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ebeninus">
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<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFB7FFD4FED141EE93F861FD" box="[312,412,1492,1518]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">ebeninus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6E3336A9FFB7FFD4FF2E41C29143631D" blockId="41.[151,1437,1348,1987]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<bibRefCitation id="0A1D4B58FFB7FFD4FF2E41C293C46201" author="Shaw, M. R. & Horstmann, K. & Whiffin, A. L." box="[199,416,1528,1554]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="177 - 222" refId="ref55208" refString="Shaw, M. R., Horstmann, K. & Whiffin, A. L. (2016) Two hundred and twenty-five species of reared western Palaearctic Campopleginae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) in the National Museums of Scotland, with descriptions of new species of Campoplex and Diadegma, and records of fifty-five species new to Britain. Entomologist's Gazette, 67, 177 - 222." type="journal article" year="2016">
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Shaw
|
||
<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFB7FFD4FEF941C3932F6201" box="[272,331,1528,1554]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2016)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
gave details of rearings of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFB7FFD4FD0A41C391A26201" baseAuthorityName="Gravenhorst" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[739,966,1528,1554]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Hyposoter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ebeninus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFB7FFD4FD0A41C391A26201" box="[739,966,1528,1554]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Hyposoter ebeninus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from three species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFB7FFD4FB2641C297056201" box="[1231,1377,1528,1554]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Carcharodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFB7FFD4FB2641C297056201" box="[1231,1377,1528,1554]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Carcharodus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(one since transferred to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFB7FFD4FE9D422690616225" authorityName="Tutt" authorityYear="1906" box="[372,517,1564,1590]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Muschampia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFB7FFD4FE9D422690616225" box="[372,517,1564,1590]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Muschampia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (Hesperidae) and several
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFB7FFD4FCD8422691F46225" box="[817,912,1564,1590]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pieridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, notably species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFB7FFD4FB82422796CA6225" box="[1131,1198,1565,1590]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Pieris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFB7FFD4FB82422796CA6225" box="[1131,1198,1565,1590]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Pieris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFB7FFD4FB0A422697236225" box="[1251,1351,1564,1590]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFB7FFD4FB0A422697266225" authorityName="Hübner" authorityYear="1819" box="[1251,1346,1564,1590]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Euchloe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Euchloe</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Reared specimens in NHMUK are as follows: from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFB7FFD4FD70427B91B36249" authority="(Linnaeus)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[665,983,1600,1626]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Pieris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brassicae">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFB7FFD4FD70427B91346249" box="[665,848,1600,1626]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Pieris brassicae</emphasis>
|
||
(Linnaeus)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 2♁
|
||
<specimenCount id="788AFD20FFB7FFD4FBE1427B964E624F" box="[1032,1066,1601,1628]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="female">5♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFB7FFD4FBD2427A96F16249" box="[1083,1173,1600,1626]" name="Algeria" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Algeria</collectingCountry>
|
||
), 1♁
|
||
<specimenCount id="788AFD20FFB7FFD4FB24427B9694624F" box="[1229,1264,1601,1628]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFB7FFD4FAEB427A97256249" box="[1282,1345,1600,1626]" name="India" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
), 2♁
|
||
<specimenCount id="788AFD20FFB7FFD4FA90427B97F8624F" box="[1401,1436,1601,1628]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFB7FFD4FF76425E9291626D" box="[159,245,1636,1662]" name="Turkey" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||
), 6♁
|
||
<specimenCount id="788AFD20FFB7FFD4FEC3425F932A6293" box="[298,334,1637,1664]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFB7FFD4FEB4425E93C7626D" box="[349,419,1636,1662]" name="Egypt" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Egypt</collectingCountry>
|
||
); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFB7FFD4FE1E425F90E7626D" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[503,643,1637,1662]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Pieris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rapae">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFB7FFD4FE1E425F90E7626D" box="[503,643,1637,1662]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Pieris rapae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on cabbage (Linnaeus): 3♁
|
||
<specimenCount id="788AFD20FFB7FFD4FC57425F91BB6293" box="[958,991,1637,1664]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFB7FFD4FC07425E9626626D" box="[1006,1090,1636,1662]" name="Cyprus" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Cyprus</collectingCountry>
|
||
); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFB7FFD4FB7F425E9736626D" baseAuthorityName="Hubner" baseAuthorityYear="1804" box="[1174,1362,1636,1662]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Euchloe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ausonia">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFB7FFD4FB7F425E9736626D" box="[1174,1362,1636,1662]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Euchloe ausonia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Ḩbner):
|
||
<specimenCount id="788AFD20FFB7FFD4FF3A42B2929262B1" box="[211,246,1672,1698]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFB7FFD4FEEF42B2932E62B1" box="[262,330,1672,1698]" name="Israel" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Also in NHM 1♁
|
||
<specimenCount id="788AFD20FFB7FFD4FDC942B3902662B7" box="[544,578,1673,1700]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
are labelled as having been reared from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFB7FFD4FBE542B296AE62B1" box="[1036,1226,1672,1698]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Colias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFB7FFD4FBE542B2963162B1" box="[1036,1109,1672,1698]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Colias</emphasis>
|
||
(Pieridae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae on cabbage in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFB7FFD4FF5D4296936C62D5" box="[180,264,1708,1734]" name="Cyprus" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Cyprus</collectingCountry>
|
||
; but no
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFB7FFD4FE894296906562D5" box="[352,513,1708,1734]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFB7FFD4FE89429693CD62D5" box="[352,425,1708,1734]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Colias</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
feed on cabbage and this is doubtless a misidentification of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFB7FFD4FB4B4297969B62D5" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1186,1279,1709,1734]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Pieris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rapae">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFB7FFD4FB4B4297969B62D5" box="[1186,1279,1709,1734]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">P. rapae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae, which resemble those of some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFB7FFD4FE4A42EA902F62F9" box="[419,587,1744,1770]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Colias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFB7FFD4FE4A42EA938862F9" box="[419,492,1744,1770]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Colias</emphasis>
|
||
species.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
There are many older records of rearings from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFB7FFD4FBB142EA96BB62F9" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1112,1247,1744,1770]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
in other families in the literature, but their reliability is highly questionable.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6E3336A9FFB7FFD4FF2E432391AD63D1" blockId="41.[151,1437,1348,1987]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
We have seen specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFB7FFD4FDC1432290F56321" box="[552,657,1816,1842]" name="Germany" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFB7FFD4FD75432290956321" box="[668,753,1816,1842]" name="Austria" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Austria</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFB7FFD4FD17432391296320" box="[766,845,1817,1843]" name="France" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFB7FFD4FCB3432291D86321" box="[858,956,1816,1842]" name="Portugal" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Portugal</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFB7FFD4FC214322966F6321" box="[968,1035,1816,1842]" name="Spain" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Spain</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFB7FFD4FBFE4322962F6321" box="[1047,1099,1816,1842]" name="Italy" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="AC48F84BFFB7FFD4FBB1432296DC6321" box="[1112,1208,1816,1842]" country="Italy" name="Sardegna" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Sardinia</collectingRegion>
|
||
, former
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFB7FFD4FAF0432297FC6321" box="[1305,1432,1816,1842]" name="Serbia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Yugoslavia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFB7FFD4FF7E4306928D6345" box="[151,233,1852,1878]" name="Greece" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Greece</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFB7FFD4FF1D4306932C6345" box="[244,328,1852,1878]" name="Cyprus" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Cyprus</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFB7FFD4FEBA430693F06345" box="[339,404,1852,1878]" name="Israel" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFB7FFD4FE76430793AB6344" box="[415,463,1853,1879]" name="Iran" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFB7FFD4FE30430690496345" box="[473,557,1852,1878]" name="Algeria" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Algeria</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFB7FFD4FD8A430690C46345" box="[611,672,1852,1878]" name="India" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
. There are also reports from right across Asia to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="169B7639FFB7FFD4FB56430697626345" box="[1215,1286,1852,1878]" name="China" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The fact that it does not occur in Britain, despite the abundance of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFB7FFD4FD04435B913B6368" box="[749,863,1889,1915]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Pieris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFB7FFD4FD04435B91546369" box="[749,816,1889,1914]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Pieris</emphasis>
|
||
spp
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, may be a result of its possible overwintering hosts (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFB7FFD4FF4843BE9357638D" box="[161,307,1924,1950]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Carcharodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFB7FFD4FF4843BE9357638D" box="[161,307,1924,1950]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Carcharodus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and perhaps
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A98C4D2AFFB7FFD4FE2D43BE90E7638D" box="[452,643,1924,1950]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Muschampia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFB7FFD4FE2D43BE9031638D" box="[452,597,1924,1950]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Muschampia</emphasis>
|
||
spp
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) not occurring in Britain (cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0A1D4B58FFB7FFD4FC2043BE96E3638D" author="Shaw, M. R. & Horstmann, K. & Whiffin, A. L." box="[969,1159,1924,1950]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="177 - 222" refId="ref55208" refString="Shaw, M. R., Horstmann, K. & Whiffin, A. L. (2016) Two hundred and twenty-five species of reared western Palaearctic Campopleginae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) in the National Museums of Scotland, with descriptions of new species of Campoplex and Diadegma, and records of fifty-five species new to Britain. Entomologist's Gazette, 67, 177 - 222." type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Shaw
|
||
<emphasis id="5CF8EABBFFB7FFD4FBE443BF9620638D" box="[1037,1092,1924,1950]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). One specimen from the third author’s collection was barcoded (BOLD Sample ID CollHH3480).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |