623 lines
98 KiB
XML
623 lines
98 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="F56A378FB3388C7EBC30E068AAC3D47E">Afrotropical ants of the ponerine genera Centromyrmex Mayr, Promyopias Santschi gen. rev. and Feroponera gen. n., with a revised key to genera of African Ponerinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4A39234717CCFA16832D3A59E861B6C7">Bolton, B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E2F5060D3F2A2E0B56CE02ECA72835DC">Fisher, B. L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="EDC11EC7652CE65639FB5500D551CA9B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="26176F2A4A95D53CD25C0975472AD8A3">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C42E2B7A7E9395BA9AD5DC51159F8C41">1929</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="9F0FBD354BA7C1A5EF6AA1B8A780CFDB">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="A66261F8D6C075C68683FE41160FB323" type="HNS-Pub">22169</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="C0DBF131725DAD2C7B3C3A65A64F752D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6227124" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100122367" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6227124" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C0DBF131725DAD2C7B3C3A65A64F752D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C0DBF131725DAD2C7B3C3A65A64F752D" lastPageNumber="10" pageNumber="4">
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<subSubSection id="CE8A8D10FD1A6B5F024E972304BDEE81" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C44A76D67E49A75D42D55620F9D36EAF" pageNumber="4">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="7E4DE59AD93EB5AF5768D405A131D91D" ID-CoL="62JVD" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:24829" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Centromyrmex</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1D5CFF0950DA19FF041060F232517282" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName id="F7D7AE7236BA2094B9722EBE7A7E8B3E" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:24829" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Centromyrmex</taxonomicName>
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Mayr
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0A459782FF351AC7F60E9D78021DB72B" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="F47F79BD9732E36FB28FDB105A4CD7DF" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName id="D06899A518D1903DC6340B3C4FD87E65" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:24829" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Centromyrmex</taxonomicName>
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Mayr, 1866: 894. Type-species:
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<taxonomicName id="6F4304973BE5750B70466C8E007F6968" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:136566" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex bohemanni Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bohemanni">Centromyrmex bohemanni Mayr</taxonomicName>
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, 1866: 895, by monotypy. [Junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="CA91C4571F4CDE2673A82FBC0F8E24CF" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:136567" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ponera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Ponera brachycola Roger" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachycola">Ponera brachycola Roger</taxonomicName>
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, 1861: 5 (synonymy by Kempf, 1967: 405).]
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B58B575B480B2684717AF62476CE0FD6" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName id="1C2F02BEF34C0EF36FCA2C77B0CB4E90" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:147236" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Spalacomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Spalacomyrmex Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Spalacomyrmex</taxonomicName>
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Emery, 1889: 489. Type-species:
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<taxonomicName id="5CDED2EF182B7B38B964B6A639656BE7" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:136575" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Spalacomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Spalacomyrmex feae Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feae">Spalacomyrmex feae Emery</taxonomicName>
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, 1889: 491, by monotypy. [Synonymy with
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<taxonomicName id="898F6011B655FA2683ADA1F6A1BCB106" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:24829" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Centromyrmex</taxonomicName>
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by Emery, 1890b: 40.]
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9D9CAB0F4E7CBDA80791D254B4747742" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName id="F516A863A1A2E7BDFA91DFD56743F96C" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:146966" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Glyphopone" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Glyphopone Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glyphopone</taxonomicName>
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Forel, 1913: 308. Type-species:
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<taxonomicName id="92BC4D941435516A94D5996A96D669A3" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:136564" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Glyphopone" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Glyphopone bequaerti Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">Glyphopone bequaerti Forel</taxonomicName>
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, 1913: 308 by monotypy. [Synonymy with
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<taxonomicName id="017936665201309F9160E1CFCA12508A" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:24829" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Centromyrmex</taxonomicName>
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by Brown, 1963: 9.]
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DE8136BE0FF2420FD54CDBA4799E7B04" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName id="58F96E3C08AF5C01AB2599C698C8FB57" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:147031" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptopone" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Leptopone Arnold" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leptopone</taxonomicName>
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Arnold, 1916: 163 [as subgenus of
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<taxonomicName id="3438B28491058F0DBF4FC8CD5CBA02C9" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:146966" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Glyphopone" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Glyphopone Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Glyphopone</taxonomicName>
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; raised to genus by Wheeler, W.M. 1922: 647; synonymy with
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<taxonomicName id="199C653F612B39D54A8606CF7F0898AB" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:24829" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Centromyrmex</taxonomicName>
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by Brown, 1963: 9]. Type-species:
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<taxonomicName id="46EF0AD46FD5B4AA176FDE47788B73E4" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:136565" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Glyphopone" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Glyphopone (Leptopone) rufigaster Arnold" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufigaster" subGenus="Leptopone">Glyphopone (Leptopone) rufigaster Arnold</taxonomicName>
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, 1916: 163, by original designation [Junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="E66736C9FC1A7A2F503F993B71967BE2" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:136564" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Glyphopone" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Glyphopone bequaerti Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">Glyphopone bequaerti Forel</taxonomicName>
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, 1913: 308 (synonymy by Brown, 1963: 10)].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9D32A2E62336F1E641726192E47CB608" pageNumber="4">
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Typhloteras Karavaiev, 1925: 128. Type-species: Typhloteras hamulatum Karavaiev, 1925: 129, by monotypy. [Synonymy with
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<taxonomicName id="1D9A86009F1741B67E9D639F2F6BA48C" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:24829" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Centromyrmex</taxonomicName>
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by Brown, 1953: 8.]
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C9C07F828AC4CB64164BE7DD929E5BCB" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="B3E6ACA049953B05C1F698E357D8D311" pageNumber="4">Diagnosis of worker and queen (gyne)</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="894DBC49EE3D4B563F106A8A204435D4" pageNumber="4">
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Workers are known for all species; queens are known for
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<taxonomicName id="34AC16C3BEB2A51C3E23D74795983A62" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27848" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex bequaerti (Forel)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">bequaerti</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="45346E02B1D97E6494FE68B9FB99C305" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:245604" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex decessor Bolton & Fisher" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decessor">decessor</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="67314BAE0418DEC8A0FDC06E5EEC4E9C" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:245606" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex fugator Bolton & Fisher" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fugator">fugator</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="7B3571E13FA8AD9A066695D55E3EFDA3" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27855" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex sellaris Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sellaris">sellaris</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="18DE239855D1EF0D39D35E6CCABB30B7" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:245608" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex raptor Bolton & Fisher" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="raptor">raptor</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="8A2EA9D5A5E7D54D80B4951B9CE10583" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:251903" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex angolensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angolensis">angolensis</taxonomicName>
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of the Afrotropical region, for
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<taxonomicName id="8C77AA770F268A8D55E6D5C9FAA1372D" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27847" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex alfaroi Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alfaroi">alfaroi</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="63D825CC6A5ED9095F5E42244BD7272F" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27849" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex brachycola (Roger)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachycola">brachycola</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="0E542FC8087515F861E4E4949A1413A6" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27853" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex gigas Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">gigas</taxonomicName>
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of the Neotropical region, and for
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<taxonomicName id="A37ABA0312B9F47ADFE60671B8BAC017" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27852" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex feae (Emery)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feae">feae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="2D9D0359EA0C2571505FAE63F27615A2" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27854" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex hamulatus (Karavaiev)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hamulatus">hamulatus</taxonomicName>
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of the Oriental and Malesian regions.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="89AA824CE1DFE9551ACFBBF538FE7FB4" pageNumber="4">1 Mandible triangular (MI 28-38) to elongate-triangular (MI 52-84), with 4-12 teeth; with a distinct basal groove but without a basal pit.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1A855F13F405F8FAC54A556414330A20" pageNumber="4">2 Palp formula 4,3.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5D05D25B4A536A44019A9C9BCD8D85B7" pageNumber="4">3 Eyes absent in worker, present in queen.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A97FFDC5BB1E75DD8673E06694DC384C" pageNumber="4">4 Frontal lobes with their anterior margins considerably posterior to the anterior clypeal margin.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AFE6130E958642CEE1BEBED79B61DD32" pageNumber="4">5 Antenna with 12 segments; scape very strongly dorsoventrally flattened in its basal half, the leading edge extremely thin; funiculus gradually incrassate towards the apex but without a differentiated club.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7B7EDEEF5A951D19B0F9EDE1623BFB27" pageNumber="4">6 Mesotibia, mesobasitarsus and metabasitarsus with strongly sclerotised spiniform or peg-like traction setae.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0B240CB54035BC41ECA49F28B920D4BE" pageNumber="4">7 Pretarsal claws small, simple.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CB2BB7879AFD7EC733CBB4002A757831" pageNumber="4">8 Metanotal groove absent.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7DCA1E628BC5BF9C449E36A8D1B1B3AC" pageNumber="4">9 Orifice of metapleural gland a small pore or short slit that opens laterally, located well above the ventral margin of the metapleuron and far anterior of the posteroventral angle of the mesosoma.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5F218FCA8E1EAA880F20CDAED91DF312" pageNumber="4">10 Propodeum unarmed.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="91D1E22EC496347D0EE51E931BDD4C29" pageNumber="5">
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|
<pageStartToken id="21270E001FCE1CEDD8EE549BA9543E46" pageNumber="5">
|
|
<pageStartToken id="25DBBE83BD671D050A8E40D426E1EA69" pageNumber="5">11</pageStartToken>
|
|
</pageStartToken>
|
|
Helcium located close to mid-height on anterior face of the first gastral segment (abdominal segment III).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="DA66EE4A1BC7A9E3066AC84D4CDFC8C9" pageNumber="5">12 Prora present but of unusual form and sometimes very weak; see discussion below.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="ABEBE46BFFA7EEC42C8A958AFC0E20D6" pageNumber="5">13 Girdling constriction between presclerites and postsclerites of second gastral segment distinct.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="94AC27692884E41B7A7E4223A840C8B9" pageNumber="5">14 Stridulitrum absent.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="4D213AD230D3A8A7C09B6D981562F133" pageNumber="5">15 Queen only. Eyes and ocelli present. Transverse suture present on the mesopleuron that divides the sclerite into anepisternum and katepisternum. Mesosoma with full complement of flight sclerites. Hind wing with jugal lobe present.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="209A3C8B371B8174D9437662A3D50309" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="7275B6D82CD225DB8F4FCA29A91FD2CB" pageNumber="5">Discussion of female characters</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="40EA3C13E8183C67207D023F91EDB026" pageNumber="5">
|
|
Character 9, in italics, is autapomorphic. Some of the other characters may also be apomorphies but have analogues that have apparently developed convergently elsewhere in tribe Ponerini. Characters 1-14 together form an inclusive diagnosis that isolates
|
|
<taxonomicName id="326CA11655482DBE88FD413FCA691597" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:24829" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Centromyrmex</taxonomicName>
|
|
workers and queens from all other genera in the tribe.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="FA9FEB626553B26F051186ECA9E6FDA2" pageNumber="5">
|
|
1 In the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="23D947EA95F9C0C375BCEF3BDEDD226D" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27848" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex bequaerti (Forel)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">bequaerti</taxonomicName>
|
|
group the mandibles are triangular and relatively short, with a small number of strongly defined teeth and a distinctly inflected apical tooth. In all other groups the mandibles are elongate-triangular, pointed apically but without an inflected apical tooth as the latter continues the line of the long axis of the mandible, and with more weakly defined but more numerous teeth on the masticatory margin. The small teeth on the elongate-triangular mandibles are commonly very worn and rounded, leaving the margin with a crenulate or even an almost edentate appearance.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8A469FA430CFBF739587119A1843ACDE" pageNumber="5">
|
|
2 The consistent palp formula count of 4,3 has been confirmed in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="15909EC09E1C22602A5DF565E92C1825" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27847" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex alfaroi Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alfaroi">alfaroi</taxonomicName>
|
|
(worker and queen),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7E2B4399688FD632A179508C23C94EB7" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:251903" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex angolensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angolensis">angolensis</taxonomicName>
|
|
(worker and queen),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2B264A5BCEBA1FF7C267057928B645C6" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27848" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex bequaerti (Forel)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">bequaerti</taxonomicName>
|
|
(worker (all size morphs) and queen),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="75990A5CFF74D5AC6618151CE79A9C28" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27849" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex brachycola (Roger)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachycola">brachycola</taxonomicName>
|
|
(worker and queen),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="DEA69A245E0214BF5F0F7A328E2201B0" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:245604" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex decessor Bolton & Fisher" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decessor">decessor</taxonomicName>
|
|
(worker and queen),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="050C4F326B17DB89FF9DA2C322496BFE" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:245605" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex ereptor Bolton & Fisher" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ereptor">ereptor</taxonomicName>
|
|
(worker),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="674FEE6D2FAA2AAFEB337CCE84F95DC4" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27852" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex feae (Emery)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feae">feae</taxonomicName>
|
|
(worker),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3F732250469F93891FC84B2B99FCC57B" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:245606" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex fugator Bolton & Fisher" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fugator">fugator</taxonomicName>
|
|
(worker and queen),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="054C0BC1E24458686454B7A09242388F" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27854" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex hamulatus (Karavaiev)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hamulatus">hamulatus</taxonomicName>
|
|
(worker),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="646302A76A9F83E8895BD72F95809001" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:245608" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex raptor Bolton & Fisher" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="raptor">raptor</taxonomicName>
|
|
(worker and queen)
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B26EDB2A91999C1E2890159348182B76" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:245603" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex secutor Bolton & Fisher" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="secutor">secutor</taxonomicName>
|
|
(all worker size morphs),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="335844AEF9EFD6CDD08E3CEEEA645FC1" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27855" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex sellaris Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sellaris">sellaris</taxonomicName>
|
|
(worker and queen). PF 4,3 was earlier recorded for all Neotropical species by Kempf (1967). This consistent count is probably an apomorphy of the genus (the same count also applies in all known males, see below).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="B7E6177DCE05F383C99B0EB70E47D5DD" pageNumber="5">
|
|
3 Loss of eyes in the worker caste but their retention in queens is also characteristic of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="63E8A62AE38320B1E08F22CF2018DF5E" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:147200" class="Hexapoda" family="Formicidae" genus="Promyopias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Promyopias Santschi" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Promyopias</taxonomicName>
|
|
: see discussion of potential genus group, below.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="A90067A248CE90B1E4BC01CE3FE40551" pageNumber="5">5 Extreme flattening of the basal half of the scape allows it to fit tightly against the dorsum of the head when directed laterally or posteriorly. Presumably this is an adaptation that allows the scapes to remain easily mobile in very confined spaces.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="C3018EFA594BA3C8C5FAAF8C27FF569A" pageNumber="5">
|
|
6 The apparent cuticular spines on the mesotibia, mesobasitarsus and metabasitarsus are in reality hypertrophied sclerotised setae, with sockets at the base. Their function is to improve traction in the ant's restricted habitat. They also occur in the same locations in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="42DD65E3B582CC137FC11AD01DEA3AB6" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:147200" class="Hexapoda" family="Formicidae" genus="Promyopias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Promyopias Santschi" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Promyopias</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="75257EE1BC08906F3E53273F2A8FCE02" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:244132" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Feroponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Feroponera Bolton & Fisher" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Feroponera</taxonomicName>
|
|
: see discussion of potential genus group, below.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="B12A142E604C53516B01467816D00C6C" pageNumber="5">
|
|
8 All species lack any trace of a metanotal groove. Indeed, in all but
|
|
<taxonomicName id="DD9F28507C27C2938C7FD569E9694F97" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27847" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex alfaroi Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alfaroi">alfaroi</taxonomicName>
|
|
there is usually no trace of any suture across the dorsum at the junction of mesonotum and propodeum, so that the line of the posterior termination of the mesonotum is not demarcated in any way. In
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B7DE3D67F9511537284FB2D1E327E57B" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27847" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex alfaroi Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alfaroi">alfaroi</taxonomicName>
|
|
a short, unimpressed, weak transverse suture is retained.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="AABEB82D6F9C7C1B123EC3FD3673C473" pageNumber="5">
|
|
9 The unique position of the metapleural gland orifice is given as an unequivocal autapomorphy of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="41F443AC150C6AA2D6F75CB8F731A1C0" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:24829" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Centromyrmex</taxonomicName>
|
|
; it is a derived state not repeated anywhere else in the Ponerini, where the position of the orifice is always at or very near to the posteroventral corner of the mesosoma, opening laterally or posteriorly.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8714CAA21CBD9C532EA8BF6AFFF2EF7D" pageNumber="5">
|
|
11 Position of the helcium is similar in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D51FDBA3E1A2FC69A4BA2A6FC97C8710" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:147200" class="Hexapoda" family="Formicidae" genus="Promyopias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Promyopias Santschi" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Promyopias</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EFA98CE47A18D457E1A327A571A40507" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:244132" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Feroponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Feroponera Bolton & Fisher" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Feroponera</taxonomicName>
|
|
: see discussion of potential genus group, below.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="6A8C34C29143E64543C413226E7C1B6A" lastPageNumber="6" pageNumber="5">
|
|
12 In the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="AF3A8BFCA3515879B4610E32AAD95F84" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27848" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.bestMatchDistance="2474" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex bequaerti (Forel)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">C. bequaerti</taxonomicName>
|
|
group the prora is a flat transverse plate, slightly indented medially, that traverses the first gastral sternite below the helcium. In all other species groups the prora is represented by a pair of longitudinal ridges on the anterior face of the first gastral sternite, one on each side below the helcium (extremely reduced in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2C970E9AF97E96BDE5A8D3720926581C" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27847" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex alfaroi Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alfaroi">alfaroi</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7E71B09302FB8EB066D421318991D127" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:245608" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex raptor Bolton & Fisher" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="raptor">raptor</taxonomicName>
|
|
); the space between the ridges is usually shallowly concave. The morphology of
|
|
<pageStartToken id="99863B1FE79FEC123B5AAEFD9089B9EC" pageNumber="6">the</pageStartToken>
|
|
former can easily be derived from that of the latter by emphasising and elevating the ridges and elevating the cuticle between the ridges. Prorae of this nature are not "normal" for Ponerini, which typically have a cuticular prominence, variously shaped, immediately below the helcium.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="491FE7BE71713A00E230E3640A911297" type="diagnosis">
|
|
<paragraph id="8B440DF5AA060E25FA29BEED6A66AE48" pageNumber="6">
|
|
<pageStartToken id="9878F8C1C8B1A2E1F05FB13DBE7ECE91" pageNumber="6">Diagnosis</pageStartToken>
|
|
of male
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="A41A38B84E85856165B94D7C5ACFDD6A" pageNumber="6">
|
|
Examined for
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A24907E16D343CAE387D12E3D3FACA96" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27847" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex alfaroi Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alfaroi">alfaroi</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A069944515B60EAB5EFCBE8348BCD183" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:251903" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex angolensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angolensis">angolensis</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7D3546294BCC480D0050DB4236BCAC95" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27848" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex bequaerti (Forel)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">bequaerti</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0D6557079B56AC43782D850357A87AE9" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:245604" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex decessor Bolton & Fisher" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decessor">decessor</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F9EF4E35CC7AF25632C7940F43AADD92" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27855" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex sellaris Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sellaris">sellaris</taxonomicName>
|
|
; also previously described for
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E4CF384033A173B68DCCA5AAD62A113D" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27852" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex feae (Emery)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feae">feae</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A173ADFE3A4A72032B70B6D991F10956" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27854" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex hamulatus (Karavaiev)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hamulatus">hamulatus</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8DAC0052FDAA98C464924664818FD196" pageNumber="6">1 Mandible very reduced, almost lobate; edentate or with a small apical tooth.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="58401DA2202CA015C6F0330A5124BB11" pageNumber="6">2 Palp formula 4, 3 (in situ counts).</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="C20406072AB6354ACC72CAE29E7419AB" pageNumber="6">3 Frontal lobes absent; antennal sockets fully exposed.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="2693E32D1AD08E803884C0FABC52970B" pageNumber="6">4 Antenna with 13 segments, filiform.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="D99718E2FA954E2CC88EFE2366605FFD" pageNumber="6">5 Second funicular segment very short, only as long as, or at most 1.10 x longer than, the short scape.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="A5A0E3659F7D9B94247481F32220B14B" pageNumber="6">6 Eyes large, inner margin shallowly convex to shallowly concave, without a marked concavity or indentation in about the median third; ocelli prominent.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="F99A5860ECFB95423C34C8FE4A5D8903" pageNumber="6">7 Notauli variable, see discussion below.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="91CCDF9637EE82697F916D3D01E5813F" pageNumber="6">8 Parapsidal grooves present.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="A9727849A7E0683E9CD6F5AF8A971950" pageNumber="6">9 Mesonotum with a deep, transverse groove between mesoscutum and mesoscutellum.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="01E86055B329E846B3AD0A29BDC5F26B" pageNumber="6">10 Epimeral lobe present.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="4C6AF1F812D18C982906805EA2EDC4C0" pageNumber="6">11 Metapleural gland orifice present.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="C369CD53CB5BE70F8917F71961C4120E" pageNumber="6">12 Propodeal spiracle with orifice elliptical to slit-shaped.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="0071A2A127522878246DF4AA0C93DAA2" pageNumber="6">13 Spurs of mesotibia and metatibia as in worker and queen, see below.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="5BA5321FC0B414AB5512BD8BFFEBD9D0" pageNumber="6">14 Mesotibiae, mesobasitarsi and metabasitarsi lack the spiniform setae that are so conspicuous in female castes.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="61D156A3F631789F98C85833D4A90EE0" pageNumber="6">15 Pretarsal claws simple.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="2E0B2FF4693B8770ED5373232157976A" pageNumber="6">16 A membranous arolium present between the pretarsal claws.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="B3ECC1CA61E8C3531BE1222387D5202B" pageNumber="6">17 Hindwing with jugal lobe present.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="475C9C8635AE578CE078A7B6CC5C714E" pageNumber="6">
|
|
18 Prora usually present, its structure as in respective worker and queen but reduced in size; absent in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EEF2649E0DEE08471A88BFBBF2DBDB24" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27847" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex alfaroi Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alfaroi">alfaroi</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="4DE84DC3AB581D72738220519F998855" pageNumber="6">19 Gastral segment 2 (= abdominal segment IV) with a distinct girdling constriction between presclerites and postsclerites.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="32A0DEAC0319ED85288E25DA383CFA86" pageNumber="6">20 Pygidium (= abdominal tergite VIII) without a median apical spine.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="16C592A6D2EDED40E450DF4782153668" pageNumber="6">21 Cerci (= pygostyles) present.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="1DF52DCD88F3695AD5C1EF87BACB6450" pageNumber="6">Males are known for few Afrotropical species, and very few specimens of each exist. The paucity of material makes it impossible to predict which characters will be of value at species-rank in this sex. For this reason, formal descriptions are not presented in the treatment by species.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="600BD8FC1C654F2A711BF9376856EA28" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="8BF05A74B417A93D87E0897D5D4B43EF" pageNumber="6">Discussion of male characters</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="300D003237D3B4E6A4EAB71AAE801F99" pageNumber="6">None of the characters listed are unequivocally stated as apomorphic at present, but 2 is a strong contender for this status and 5 and 11 are possibilities.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="354710F92986B5BDD99BEAB39705816B" pageNumber="6">1 A reduced mandible of this form appears apomorphic for the tribe Ponerini as a whole (Bolton, 2003).</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="5994D9186341EC1569148549876BF5CC" pageNumber="6">
|
|
2 The 4,3 palp formula of males and the female castes is the same in all
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B723A7DB970A5367FE8C59E9DD65158A" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:24829" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Centromyrmex</taxonomicName>
|
|
where both are known. Elsewhere in Ponerini it is usual for males to have higher palp formula counts than conspecific females (Bolton, 2003), so this equality of PF is most probably an apomorphy of the genus. The plesiomorphic maximum count in Ponerini males is 6,4 (as in Aculeata in general), as opposed to 4,4 in females
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="A51852B3AD8A0DAC5BB22F8B00BDE18B" pageNumber="6">(Brown, 1963; Bolton, 2003).</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="7EDA13146086A0B2AC2DC02DE295BB00" lastPageNumber="7" pageNumber="6">
|
|
5 In Ponerini generally the second funicular segment of males is much longer than the scape (e.g. Ogata,
|
|
<pageStartToken id="1EFAD403AE326A5EEB20EA1B1C06FD00" pageNumber="7">1987</pageStartToken>
|
|
; Yoshimura & Fisher, 2007; Bolton & Fisher, 2008). It is not certain whether the very short condition in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1AA7445D0256F0E907D7086B29107C99" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:24829" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Centromyrmex</taxonomicName>
|
|
is plesiomorphic or apomorphic.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="0ABE42CC3244F408B672A7B47CDA745E" pageNumber="7">
|
|
<pageStartToken id="6F677878A8A8641419B80BF16C47A05E" pageNumber="7">6</pageStartToken>
|
|
In many groups of Ponerini the inner margin of the eye is distinctly concave or suddenly indented in approximately its median third (e.g. Ogata, 1987; Yoshimura & Fisher, 2007).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="FB4737625E28A419B2F03C9D2BE78F92" pageNumber="7">
|
|
7 Notauli are distinctly present in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="534EF17E7BD7BBE444D28BFF5E316FC5" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:245604" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex decessor Bolton & Fisher" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decessor">decessor</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="900EDD74C47F5EFD9690CEAFEF16D8E5" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:251903" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex angolensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angolensis">angolensis</taxonomicName>
|
|
and most
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0DA99E2421C0ED9B43EEB84B39EB5CD6" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27855" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex sellaris Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sellaris">sellaris.</taxonomicName>
|
|
However, in one example of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="575C01D2F1FDD48607701262B69FE0A9" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27855" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex sellaris Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sellaris">sellaris</taxonomicName>
|
|
only the anterior portions of the notauli were developed and in another the notauli were present but superficial throughout. Notauli were entirely absent in all
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3B902E0AF423F0F62B9CC291AB4F0458" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27847" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex alfaroi Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alfaroi">alfaroi</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5589CD3BEE41DD591050D4D69F251DE5" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27848" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex bequaerti (Forel)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">bequaerti</taxonomicName>
|
|
males examined.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="99A413016BF64C19F12BFF168B908CFB" pageNumber="7">11 A metapleural gland orifice is visible in all males. Unlike the female castes, males have the orifice in the usual position for Ponerini, close to the posteroventral angle of the metapleuron. The presence of this structure in this sex is uncommon and may be an apomorphy of the genus.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="B12EAC2631B2D5525A0B52DB08D06BFB" pageNumber="7">
|
|
13 In the male of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="32C9EF5641C8DC77F6A1123BF2D3E381" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27848" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex bequaerti (Forel)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">bequaerti</taxonomicName>
|
|
both the mesotibia and metatibia have two spurs, on each the anterior spur is small and simple, the posterior is large and pectinate. In
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0468E389905872F4AA13DD004368A557" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27847" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex alfaroi Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alfaroi">alfaroi</taxonomicName>
|
|
the mesotibia has a single small, barbulate spur and the metatibia a large pectinate spur. In
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73DFF11DC30F5CBC1BBAAAFD1EC853E6" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:251903" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex angolensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angolensis">angolensis</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D30852A899B49BD125EA48974F6DDB13" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:245604" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex decessor Bolton & Fisher" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decessor">decessor</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A47C9A7ADC8E27BAD3DB4A86AE46FF90" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27855" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex sellaris Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sellaris">sellaris</taxonomicName>
|
|
the mesotibia lacks spurs and the metatibia has only a single pectinate spur present. These arrangements correspond to those of the female castes of the same species.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="A5D8E1DAED9DB5F3DB99ADC53434A9A7" pageNumber="7">16 The arolium is usually white, membranous and very conspicuous.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="44A676ED59A7B84EC11298B7B1E4B073" pageNumber="7">Comment</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="4ACA1E590618F6470F31F2866AFC2A8F" pageNumber="7">
|
|
The four genus-group names listed in the taxonomic synopsis above as long-standing junior synonyms of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="CF8F3D9AD8B7664F540FC5AD1194893C" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:24829" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Centromyrmex</taxonomicName>
|
|
are all confirmed here.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BA3C8306F6312C06CD3DA2BCDF0D02F5" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:147200" class="Hexapoda" family="Formicidae" genus="Promyopias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Promyopias Santschi" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Promyopias</taxonomicName>
|
|
, an earlier, fifth junior synonym most recently catalogued in Bolton (2003), is removed from synonymy and reinstated at genus-rank as discussed below.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="634BE090F473E073F11A784FC739127E" type="synonymic_list">
|
|
<paragraph id="212AEE359DDB89214243953602D10F5F" pageNumber="7">Synonymic synopsis of species</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="CD8F091C223DE33E1A12C9D66E4824DA" pageNumber="7">I Afrotropical species</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="906CC478D2C0E7A75738DDBB79EB2C53" pageNumber="7">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7D66810AC583ACE91D63CE5BA85B302A" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27848" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex bequaerti (Forel)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">bequaerti</taxonomicName>
|
|
group
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="D0F14069FE250C3612FF8C15D8549C08" pageNumber="7">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D9EF08F3F815AE4ECA042A5BD6CF5FA7" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27848" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex bequaerti (Forel)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">bequaerti</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Forel, 1913)
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="DCF56F74AFBD655D40E0B818F6748908" pageNumber="7">
|
|
=
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7E141B878780F8CDA86D3544A95F1B1B" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:227408" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex rufigaster (Arnold)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufigaster" subGenus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" subGenus.innerRound="1" subGenus.outerRound="1">rufigaster</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Arnold, 1916)
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="7E3F5B9FA587C80BDC035AB05A3D25E1" pageNumber="7">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D9451DD5A76AE93E3894290101BA6501" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:245603" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex secutor Bolton & Fisher" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="secutor">secutor Bolton & Fisher</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9159E256C8A6A8F8BFE973E73543E9CC" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="B5357C99D8EB8FD4B4E5DE80AC1F95B9" pageNumber="7">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6DCAB8359F3B530F1DE8FDF377D76A56" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27852" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex feae (Emery)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feae">feae</taxonomicName>
|
|
group
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="208E368086E4550BDA3D973E6CF7F3AA" pageNumber="7">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F35019D1B3419AD637A32D3C7921520C" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:251903" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex angolensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angolensis">angolensis Santschi</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 1937
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3EB0537AD75E5B9034E553D4E371A870">stat. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="BC1CA9816E648EDBDE867D69B43BF424" pageNumber="7">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7C6BC8FC31E11F2C72883779C1189306" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:245604" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex decessor Bolton & Fisher" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decessor">decessor Bolton & Fisher</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F408FA2DEADEA51D383D0B6A1A49FD28" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="A9B34B4DFACFD0AD39337895D67076EE" pageNumber="7">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="54D44710394FE5754832BC7E7996C09E" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:245605" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex ereptor Bolton & Fisher" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ereptor">ereptor Bolton & Fisher</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="78628BD403BBEED2034B5E45748F085E" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="C761D88B9B979101BE02B24379A9A3B2" pageNumber="7">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="DFEE645B30CA9C338086CAE7A3B75565" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:245606" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex fugator Bolton & Fisher" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fugator">fugator Bolton & Fisher</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="29E795E834B1C68E88FD8BBCAC6524E6" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="E6216F5DD304322BFBE9D3A6AEEF0C1C" pageNumber="7">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BB334425AD8DA401B09BF35A341F00B2" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:251904" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex longiventris" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longiventris">longiventris Santschi</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 1919
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4CD88D5237B690C546BFE4FF84A21DCA">stat. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="AADFF1C34EE964C2F1F8FA0B7EB8F335" pageNumber="7">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A4B8D6F4ECC7ABA1A893F44F6C2F3F11" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:245607" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex praedator Bolton & Fisher" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedator">praedator Bolton & Fisher</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4E8C0F89102CFD25A24DBF3E95B996DF" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="44ED7C8B3A13D3E1542C3E5E908EC515" pageNumber="7">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7C1CB6551B40B2D7566DE5F4836DE017" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:245608" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex raptor Bolton & Fisher" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="raptor">raptor Bolton & Fisher</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A7DE123A4FC83F16E18612E3DFE45FAC" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="88EC99DF456A3244CF3B56C14CF8B5E8" pageNumber="7">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="ACEEC944A9BB4B224CCA2D16C01C3082" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27855" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex sellaris Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sellaris">sellaris Mayr</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 1896
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="6E112888FD26A101AB27CEDF017627A9" pageNumber="7">
|
|
=
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3F2F165A27C5FF2AFA4D19341885BF45" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27851" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex constanciae Arnold" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="constanciae">constanciae Arnold</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 1915
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="918C58232D032D3B5CA6BC315E0FBFAB">syn. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="E12244E35B1F497B3F84270930694ACF" pageNumber="7">
|
|
=
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B4899FBE93789A1DE5ADE652871572DD" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:136571" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex arnoldi Santschi" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arnoldi">arnoldi Santschi</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 1919
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9D6C774588B67A78F1016981E2ABF752">syn. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="86979E6C0FC04938D82B649D561FAD7C" pageNumber="7">
|
|
=
|
|
<taxonomicName id="DC949434E08B7C7E756F4328A659597E" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27850" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex congolensis Weber" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="congolensis">congolensis Weber</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 1949
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5DE2EF1063B740F31B836135BD1EFCB9">syn. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="9FBBA0F56A0A48D5DD87FFBBEC50DEB0" pageNumber="7">
|
|
=
|
|
<taxonomicName id="946FA925EAB1AFF0F7052913BE7DD562" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:136570" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex arnoldi r. guineensis Bernard" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="arnoldi" subSpecies="guineensis">arnoldi r. guineensis Bernard</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 1953
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A05608AC25641995810FFAB151CD9215">syn. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="0A520E8DC5536D78E16A090C7A36F793" pageNumber="7">II Oriental and Malesian species</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="D4E850A8E1EBD892A0D1D2C1280FBEDD" pageNumber="7">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4CEBE653FA70F6E6954C77E0CFF0EF56" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27852" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex feae (Emery)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feae">feae</taxonomicName>
|
|
group
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="DABDB9A749694B468D972A73D0EAEF5C" pageNumber="7">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E321047D0CE16A0CEAA10D3D16133257" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27852" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex feae (Emery)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feae">feae</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Emery, 1889)
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="C4A34E26A07C7BBCD42175A37065C93C" pageNumber="8">
|
|
<pageStartToken id="3E977ED18660FCA5F536C5D065EC5A86" pageNumber="8">
|
|
<pageStartToken id="CEA5DDA8BBF0DE75EE24540E7354469F" pageNumber="8">=</pageStartToken>
|
|
</pageStartToken>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D1EE0E9FF76170B9E824144BFCBDFDC4" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:136574" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex donisthorpei Menozzi" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="donisthorpei">donisthorpei Menozzi</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 1925
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="76C364FEAB19B559F842F8DD6AEFCC52" pageNumber="8">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="CBF51F90EBED06073E543F7031DBA290" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:148981" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex feae ceylonicus Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="feae" subSpecies="ceylonicus">feae subsp. ceylonicus Forel</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 1900
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="7AAF6397972B2F9EED031F2EBD719CED" pageNumber="8">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F7ED0B69557B6875A7ED8D1981CB51AC" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:148982" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex feae greeni Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="feae" subSpecies="greeni">feae subsp. greeni Forel</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 1901
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="3A839DC55797C6AEE4D00B9DABAD2907" pageNumber="8">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="42BB02DAE9CD1B703CD7BA492E5644CA" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27854" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex hamulatus (Karavaiev)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hamulatus">hamulatus</taxonomicName>
|
|
group
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="0080CC073B635818DAED1ACF2BAABC59" pageNumber="8">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="65272347F6C3E2607430402BF3A83234" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27854" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex hamulatus (Karavaiev)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hamulatus">hamulatus</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Karavaiev, 1925)
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="ADC4B75787847C7777725CFE183E07E8" pageNumber="8">III Neotropical species</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="331539902B3EA60D60CBE6265267B578" pageNumber="8">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C0442712A3B9B595E47BE7F35A60936" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27849" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex brachycola (Roger)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachycola">brachycola</taxonomicName>
|
|
group
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="0FBCB1DED4F45709B2A320E1EECF5513" pageNumber="8">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="044BE01A23693C2E831D3D4E8B23CE64" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27847" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex alfaroi Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alfaroi">alfaroi Emery</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 1890
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="06E4346A134A4D19FD5CBE5084CAA517" pageNumber="8">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FAACF67321F0142E0267AB989191975F" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27849" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex brachycola (Roger)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachycola">brachycola</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Roger, 1861)
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="0B1E6F497F32A3A5C3B65EBDF10C06D7" pageNumber="8">
|
|
=
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8F03AF39D6075147FF547F45B701D40D" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:136566" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex bohemanni Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bohemanni">bohemanni Mayr</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 1866
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="D8FE8D37C801131AC8103AD1CF2C8592" pageNumber="8">
|
|
=
|
|
<taxonomicName id="82ACB5157898A20206CC2E84B7557F70" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:136568" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex brachycola var. paulina Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="brachycola" variety="paulina">brachycola var. paulina Forel</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 1911
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="FF57D95CC54BC75921D8B69F2CBD501C" pageNumber="8">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="833D5DE507977A727765994F49DA57D8" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27853" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex gigas Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">gigas Forel</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 1911
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="8C70101D7DBDB31F980C41AFD16B4F8A" type="key">
|
|
<paragraph id="9A40C205B761161B6E64FFFDA3DF7407" pageNumber="8">
|
|
Key to world species groups of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E044DCE0A2F7E072C0B304069C115AD6" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:24829" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Centromyrmex</taxonomicName>
|
|
(workers and queens)
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="01EF4099190EB6DBB9AE06C55053B55F" pageNumber="8">1 Mesotibia with 1 or 2 spurs. Procoxa not hypertrophied. Protibia not inflated. Pronotum not marginate anterodorsally .............................................................................................................................................. 2</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="23BA04DA02643E056553D83274D68792" pageNumber="8">
|
|
- Mesotibia without spurs. Procoxa hypertrophied. Protibia inflated. Pronotum marginate anterodorsally. (Afrotropical, Oriental, Malesian)................................................................................................
|
|
<taxonomicName id="DEE9F0D975D3A0D84ECB464CDC5D9708" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27852" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex feae (Emery)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feae">feae</taxonomicName>
|
|
group
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="E4DBBED76B1669A9AC7012525448178A" pageNumber="8">2 Mesotibia with 1 spur. Propodeal spiracle not high on side, not very close to dorsal margin of mesosoma. Apical tooth of mandible weakly or not differentiated, not inflected but more or less continuing the line of the long axis of the mandible. Monomorphic species.................................................................................3</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="5EF28057DF585366C6D9E92FD8F4DA1D" pageNumber="8">
|
|
- Mesotibia with 2 spurs. Propodeal spiracle high on side, very close to dorsal margin of mesosoma. Apical tooth of mandible strongly differentiated and inflected, not continuing the line of the long axis of the mandible. Polymorphic species. (Afrotropical)..........................................................................
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5812B80488A0F7B288039421DF708373" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27848" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex bequaerti (Forel)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">bequaerti</taxonomicName>
|
|
group
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="BCABFE4D75107EF55F8AD68AB17E8ED7" pageNumber="8">
|
|
3 Ventral process of petiole consisting of two stout teeth. Metasternal process a pair of elongate, narrowly triangular spines. Mesotibial spur pectinate. (Malesian) ...................................................
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BE6245B932F1B764E8F6AE0018F32291" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27854" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex hamulatus (Karavaiev)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hamulatus">hamulatus</taxonomicName>
|
|
group
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="A84813E65E9A37F7011DE985D764FAB3" pageNumber="8">
|
|
- Ventral process of petiole consisting of a single keel. Metasternal process a pair of low rounded tumuli or low triangular crests. Mesotibial spur simple to weakly barbulate. (Neotropical)...........
|
|
<taxonomicName id="70A34446B32A745A379A4D00A728EF65" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27849" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex brachycola (Roger)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachycola">brachycola</taxonomicName>
|
|
group
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="95512986FB13E6CBC956B5DEC2B1DB9E" pageNumber="8">I Afrotropical species</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="0FB922B77D7CB4F29127F5ED2F35E955" pageNumber="8">Key to Afrotropical species (workers)</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="6D56F917C57574A99B7D596F47AB8822" pageNumber="8">NOTE. The few known queens will also run in this key, except characters relating to shape of mesosoma in workers do not apply to queens.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="59CF9BA3E001F5B84A310D5545239357" pageNumber="8">
|
|
1 Mesotibia with two spurs. Metatibia with two spurs, the anterior spur smaller and simple, the posterior spur larger and pectinate. Propodeal spiracle high on side, close to dorsal outline and at about the midlength of the sclerite. Pronotum not marginate anterodorsally. In profile the propodeal dorsum continues the line of the mesonotal dorsum. Subpetiolar process large, keel-shaped. Metasternal process bispinose. Polymorphic species. (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="27AC0D4F6DF0358A3553DABDC16A6C8A" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27848" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex bequaerti (Forel)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">bequaerti</taxonomicName>
|
|
group) ............................................................................................ 2
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="24939AF62693E1CE3624EC9671010F97" lastPageNumber="9" pageNumber="8">
|
|
- Mesotibia without spurs. Metatibia with a single large pectinate spur only. Propodeal spiracle low on side, far from dorsal outline. Pronotum marginate anterodorsally. In profile the propodeal dorsum slopes steeply down from the line of the mesonotal dorsum. Subpetiolar process a short slender spine or small
|
|
<pageStartToken id="C626ADFFA8410F14490D948191746511" pageNumber="9">triangular</pageStartToken>
|
|
tooth. Metasternal process not bispinose. Monomorphic species. (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FC6BD0B7B3AD085733BE43E4C8F65828" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27852" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex feae (Emery)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feae">feae</taxonomicName>
|
|
group) ......................... 3
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="36CFB95A2F135C811C512E2F74597509" pageNumber="9">
|
|
<pageStartToken id="E8B770D68E3C8EE07E8A4957A05E14A9" pageNumber="9">2</pageStartToken>
|
|
With mesosoma in profile the bulla of the metapleural gland is short and does not extend to near the base of the propodeal spiracle. Metatibia with spiniform setae such as are seen on the mesotibia. Protibia ventrally with a single stout spiniform seta, similar to those on the mesotibia, located close to the apex on its outer surface, anterior to and opposite the large spur. (Cameroun, Gabon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Angola, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe)..............................................
|
|
<taxonomicName id="9AA7EA3E7C500F8C2C2BA1832B4B5B08" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27848" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex bequaerti (Forel)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">bequaerti</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="D5029FF4E48060CA455734F1CBE58CEE" pageNumber="9">
|
|
- With mesosoma in profile the bulla of the metapleural gland is long and extends to, or even touches, the base of the propodeal spiracle. Metatibia without spiniform setae such as are seen on the mesotibia. Protibia ventrally without a stout spiniform seta that is similar to those on the mesotibia, at most a simple slender seta located close to the apex on its outer surface, anterior to and opposite the large spur. (Gabon) ...........................................................................................................................................................
|
|
<taxonomicName id="71570B81B6838E59560DCD09FAB5820F" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:245603" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex secutor Bolton & Fisher" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="secutor">secutor</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="1F440D2C03E45BB705B589AAFAA138AF" pageNumber="9">3 Petiole node in dorsal view conspicuously broader than long.....................................................................4</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="29F09839532CCE5F05C313A97DDBCFB5" pageNumber="9">- Petiole node in dorsal view at least as long as broad, usually distinctly longer than broad........................9</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="CB1538E245D7F8F12C6DAB7DA4286C2F" pageNumber="9">4 Apical third of metatibia with a total of more than 3 thickly spiniform setae that arise from its anterior surface opposite the pectinate spur; one or more thickly spiniform setae also arise from the dorsal (outer) surface of the metatibia in the apical third of its length...................................................................................5</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="98A34905EE202C55E872892E4F71CF51" pageNumber="9">- Apical third of metatibia with only 1-2 (extremely rarely 3) thickly spiniform setae that arise from the apex of its anterior surface, opposite the pectinate spur; no thickly spiniform setae arise from the dorsal (outer) surface of the metatibia in the apical third of its length...................................................................6</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="D9EDE88571A5F3D27AFD426B0BB1A1E4" pageNumber="9">
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|
5 Mandible with 5-6 main teeth that are separated by diastemata, the latter are unarmed or have indistinct low crenulations present. With base of gaster in absolute profile the prora is visible as a distinct raised cuticular crest that extends from the base of the helcium onto the anteroventral surface of the first gastral sternite. Smaller species with narrower head and shorter mandibles, HW 1.20-1.34, PW 0.94-1.12, CI 102-105, MI 71-75. (Cameroun, Gabon, Democratic Republic of Congo)...................................
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D17A0E5CD5DB8117A48F2BD60734BA26" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:245604" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex decessor Bolton & Fisher" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decessor">decessor</taxonomicName>
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|
</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="485A476213556D35B20FEA8BD828E125" pageNumber="9">
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|
- Mandible serially dentate, with 10-12 teeth; all teeth are similar in size and without diastemata separating them. With base of gaster in absolute profile the prora is undeveloped, lacking a raised cuticular crest that extends from the base of the helcium onto the anteroventral surface of the first gastral sternite. Larger species with much broader head and longer mandibles, HW 1.92-2.02, PW 1.50-1.62, CI 119-123, MI 82- 84. (Zambia, Zimbabwe)....................................................................................................................
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|
<taxonomicName id="E816F7CFCCE2F39516D9AAD30C85DC89" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:245608" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex raptor Bolton & Fisher" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="raptor">raptor</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="303A3466477F0BD900F6B112C149C1D2" pageNumber="9">
|
|
6 Anterior apex of metatibia with a single thickly spiniform seta, approximately opposite the pectinate spur. (Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Cameroun, Gabon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Angola)............................................................................................................................
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|
<taxonomicName id="1465885B801907B9945639DEBE04D80F" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:251903" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex angolensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angolensis">angolensis</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8FFA3CEC7C2899CEBA28DE5CD1BD8CFF" pageNumber="9">- Anterior apex of metatibia with two thickly spiniform setae, approximately opposite the pectinate spur..7</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="BC5DF7AD321C6A53B147F1BB6E2842B3" pageNumber="9">
|
|
7 CI 108-118; at low magnification and in full-face view the head capsule appears conspicuously broader than long. Mandibles relatively slightly longer, MI 68-75. Larger species, HW 0.90-1.13. (Guinea, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroun, Gabon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Zambia, Mozambique, Zimbabwe)..................................................................................................................
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|
<taxonomicName id="36C9C488A69C9EDECCB48CF7BE31FA9A" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27855" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex sellaris Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sellaris">sellaris</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="E2B6E0711B9DFA050D2A3DC4B4DB2305" pageNumber="9">- CI 98-101; at low magnification and in full-face view the head capsule appears slightly longer than broad or about as long as broad. Mandibles relatively slightly shorter, MI 59-64. Smaller species, HW 0.65- 0.81 .............................................................................................................................................................. 8</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="55D7D9CF6E4877FB82C28DB0D1720C1D" pageNumber="9">
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|
8 With mesosoma in profile the slope of the anterior portion of the propodeum is steep and slopes abruptly from the mesonotum. Smaller species, HW 0.65-0.68, WL 1.06-1.14. (Cameroun, Gabon)
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7AA6DB9700B98D26A3AED6779613C94F" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:251904" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex longiventris" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longiventris">longiventris</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="368C3820CC916BA205071894ED85842E" pageNumber="9">
|
|
- With mesosoma in profile the slope of the anterior portion of the propodeum is shallow and slopes only weakly from the mesonotum. Larger species, HW 0.79-0.81, WL 1.31-1.34. (Gabon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo).......................................................................................
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|
<taxonomicName id="209788A17B57F4B622AFC8FAFD6C85C2" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:245605" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex ereptor Bolton & Fisher" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ereptor">ereptor</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="95C5F670A1B43B492344CB0621C47B53" lastPageNumber="10" pageNumber="9">
|
|
9 Basal margin of mandible, from basal tooth to basalmost curve, shallowly convex; basal margin much shorter than masticatory margin. Larger species, HL 1.06, HW 0.99, PW 0.82. (Democratic Republic of
|
|
<pageStartToken id="B7E582EB7A7EBC3FC52F0BA90EC1BBA0" pageNumber="10">Congo</pageStartToken>
|
|
)...........................................................................................................................................
|
|
<taxonomicName id="240B6316BE9BB1CCE1BC72C055F39194" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:245607" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex praedator Bolton & Fisher" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praedator">praedator</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="6D97C3F576B126C433511FA0CBC8D164" pageNumber="10">
|
|
<pageStartToken id="AAD08C8FE3B7AED14BB125DF8A5F3D29" pageNumber="10">-</pageStartToken>
|
|
Basal margin of mandible, from basal tooth to basalmost curve, shallowly concave; basal margin almost equal in length to masticatory margin. Smaller species, HL <0.90, HW <0.85, PW <0.70. (Democratic Republic of Congo, South Africa).....................................................................................................
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|
<taxonomicName id="A016F2ADDB49E8A9E7553F438EAD7DEC" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:245606" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex fugator Bolton & Fisher" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fugator">fugator</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="56A4F74C34DF2F340ADD27F02CF7B624" type="nomenclature">
|
|
<paragraph id="2BEB1FBC24CE1EA0978E99C7D9A6F2A8" pageNumber="10">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A677007EA223D27343EB1BF70363FF1A" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27848" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex bequaerti (Forel)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">Centromyrmex bequaerti</taxonomicName>
|
|
group
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="9D766ECB3451018D255D1BC2FB9462BD" type="diagnosis">
|
|
<paragraph id="7FC96DDBC5AD5D1837F2037B2A218ACC" pageNumber="10">
|
|
Worker and queen (gyne). A small group of two Afrotropical species. Workers are known for both, the queen is known for
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C7AC2CD157C8D777912D44AF09996734" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27848" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex bequaerti (Forel)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">bequaerti</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Workers and queens with characters of the genus, listed above, and also the following characters diagnostic of the group, of which apomorphies are in italics. Worker caste polymorphic.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="E7EFAA6AB694B81F2AEF8A8DA89EFED3" pageNumber="10">Mandibles short, triangular (MI <40 in workers) and with 4-7 teeth, the apical tooth differentiated and inflected.</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="3FCBD3598765A16D736D8978ADB3C020" pageNumber="10">Pronotum without margination either anteriorly or laterally.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="E243305150BEED650F3F20D51A51934A" pageNumber="10">Mesosoma in profile with dorsum of propodeum continuing the line of the mesonotum, the former not sloping steeply away from the latter.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="3E1A78D157F506727A86C4054A58F2CC" pageNumber="10">Mesonotum behind promesonotal suture not elevated, not transversely marginate.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="F3639F9771B0A10E761A5F9CECD38F76" pageNumber="10">Metasternal process present as a pair of narrow erect spines that are very closely approximated and nearly parallel; the metasternal pit is between the spines posteriorly.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="639E2DD02231FB676DDA2FC2F30C44E4" pageNumber="10">Propodeum in dorsal view broad, not strongly bilaterally compressed.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="C96D01F6AA7387F245083CD3B2F96371" pageNumber="10">Propodeal spiracle in worker very high on the side and at about the midlength of the sclerite; orifice of spiracle long, slit-shaped.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="E4D9C763DF23A7F535BB7329B9FC949B" pageNumber="10">Propodeal lobes low and rounded.</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="8932BB9FE6665B05B0638B210CF2DED7" pageNumber="10">Procoxa not hypertrophied, only slightly larger than mesocoxa and metacoxa.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="997E9654397708766866364ED29D8DDD" pageNumber="10">Mesotibia with two spurs: in all worker sizes the anterior spur is small, simple to barbulate. The posterior (main) spur is pectinate in large workers, but the pectination decreases with reduced size until, in the smallest workers, the spur is only barbulate.</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="407AA9078719C7C1FACB46E8A55C0469" pageNumber="10">Metatibia with two spurs: in all worker sizes the anterior spur is small, simple to barbulate. The posterior (main) spur is always broadly pectinate.</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="71328B7653DACCDFDBFDC668093EBC6E" pageNumber="10">Petiole without an anterior peduncle; in profile the anterior face of the node rises from directly behind the anterolateral cuticular processes that protect the articulation.</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="FD32E9B3752CDD9279A23056C360FABE" pageNumber="10">Petiole node in profile becomes longer and lower as body size decreases.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="CD4048EEC452F4ACBD8146590FA9FB21" pageNumber="10">Subpetiolar process large, roughly keel-like.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="09B2D7FBA623783F5E853268F1CE99E9" pageNumber="10">Prora conspicuous in profile as an elevated, roughly vertical ridge; in anterior view prora forms a transverse plate (slightly indented centrally) across the entire anterior face of the first gastral sternite. Sculpture extremely reduced, the ants very smooth and shiny.</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="3F55A07F449AA7C9ACCBEC3D1EB8BFF5" pageNumber="10">Standing setae present on all dorsal surfaces of head and body in worker, including dorsal surface of scape. Setae also present on ventral head and gastral sternites.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="CDECADDC97442752C5C916F73B321625" pageNumber="10">
|
|
Queen only (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2D3CFECF9779CC7B5D87CBEF6CF2C54A" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27848" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex bequaerti (Forel)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">bequaerti</taxonomicName>
|
|
). Large eyes and conspicuous ocelli present. Mesosoma with full complement of flight sclerites. Transverse suture present on mesopleuron (absent or vestigial in workers except in largest examples of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D5B156BD3D6F128589F007C37AF4477F" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27848" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex bequaerti (Forel)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">bequaerti</taxonomicName>
|
|
, where it is weakly delineated). Propodeal spiracle slit-shaped and close to metanotalpropodeal suture. Jugal lobe present on hindwing. Petiole node in profile much higher than long.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="D99643B9231EDA4A3D2FAE96FA259003" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="7BE0EE3BE9F95B2A5C295C7D436D0E7C" pageNumber="10">Comment</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="5192878FC07A69ED9E03772C2FFE52B5" lastPageNumber="11" pageNumber="10">
|
|
At first glance the species of the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BAAA6BF2A4857A96A1C335CCD90455CA" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27848" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex bequaerti (Forel)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">bequaerti</taxonomicName>
|
|
group appear quite different from those of the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D693F990232E702940CD7A3ADCE" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27852" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex feae (Emery)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feae">feae</taxonomicName>
|
|
group, and when taken in isolation their differences are arguably of genus-rank significance. However, the Malesian species
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A365A26D20FDA1E848EAFD79E451CCC2" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27854" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex hamulatus (Karavaiev)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hamulatus">
|
|
<pageStartToken id="A0C3FC4779DE1D8C96AF6560C24830E3" pageNumber="11">hamulatus</pageStartToken>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
forms an almost perfect morphological intermediate between the two groups. For distribution of shared and independent characters see under
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EBA386343FD3FCA334F322F36D0897BD" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:27854" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Centromyrmex" genus.completionEvidence="missing, matching species" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Centromyrmex hamulatus (Karavaiev)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hamulatus">hamulatus</taxonomicName>
|
|
, below.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |