403 lines
34 KiB
XML
403 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3790178" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ca35c50f-b0c5-4032-b06d-f71b00710c8d" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163751299" ID-ISSN="1313–2970" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3790178" ID-ZooBank="C26E1A82-0DD4-48EF-865C-9D8AA788B739" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:378D6DC4-75E6-4F25-9734-546A78A11C3A" approvalRequired="188" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="59" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="129" checkinTime="1587990637238" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Crabo, Lars & Lafontaine, Donald" docDate="2009" docId="75513F417B3DFF98FF02E91A90C2FEFF" docLanguage="en" docName="ZK_article_2110.pdf" docOrigin="ZooKeys 30 (30)" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@648ded35" docStyleName="zookeys.2008.journal_article" docTitle="Lasionycta brunnea Crabo & Lafontaine 2009, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="378D6DC4-75E6-4F25-9734-546A78A11C3A" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageId="78" lastPageNumber="78" masterDocId="896847397B71FFD6FF8EE829912DFFF8" masterDocTitle="A Revision of Lasionycta Aurivillius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) for North America and notes on Eurasian species, with descriptions of 17 new species, 6 new subspecies, a new genus, and two new species of Tricholita Grote" masterLastPageNumber="156" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" updateTime="1643569142744" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A Revision of Lasionycta Aurivillius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) for North America and notes on Eurasian species, with descriptions of 17 new species, 6 new subspecies, a new genus, and two new species of Tricholita Grote</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Crabo, Lars</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Washington State University, Bellingham, United States of America</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lafontaine, Donald</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2009-12-18</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>30</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>30</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>156</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.30.308</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">ca35c50f-b0c5-4032-b06d-f71b00710c8d</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1313–2970</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576576</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">C26E1A82-0DD4-48EF-865C-9D8AA788B739</mods:identifier>
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||
</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3790178" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163751299" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3790178" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:378D6DC4-75E6-4F25-9734-546A78A11C3A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/75513F417B3DFF98FF02E91A90C2FEFF" lastPageId="78" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
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<subSubSection pageId="76" pageNumber="77" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph blockId="76.[140,970,307,405]" box="[140,705,307,334]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
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||
<heading box="[140,705,307,334]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" reason="3">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,705,307,334]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
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<taxonomicName authority="Crabo & Lafontaine" authorityName="Crabo & Lafontaine" authorityYear="2009" box="[140,628,307,334]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnea" status="sp. n.">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,376,307,334]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
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<emphasis box="[140,268,307,333]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" reason="1">Lasionycta</emphasis>
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brunnea
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</emphasis>
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Crabo & Lafontaine
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[640,705,307,333]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="76.[140,970,307,405]" box="[140,970,342,369]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
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<uri box="[140,970,342,369]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid box="[423,970,342,369]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">378D6DC4-75E6-4F25-9734-546A78A11C3A</uuid>
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</uri>
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[140,487,378,405]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="76.[140,970,307,405]" box="[140,487,378,405]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Figs 82–84, 174, 230. Map 15</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="76" pageNumber="77" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="76.[140,1108,448,1672]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,315,448,474]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
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<emphasis box="[140,198,448,474]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" reason="1">Type</emphasis>
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material.
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</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608941501" collectingDate="1996-08-16" collectingDateMax="1996-08-17" collectingDateMin="1996-08-16" collectionCode="CNC" collectorName="J. Troubridge." latitude="48.0" location="Watch Peak" longLatPrecision="0" longitude="-116.29" municipality="Canada" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="British Columbia" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[325,438,448,474]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
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<typeStatus box="[325,438,448,474]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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♁.
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<collectingMunicipality box="[486,575,448,474]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Canada</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingRegion box="[591,794,448,474]" country="Canada" name="British Columbia" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">British Columbia</collectingRegion>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:75513F417B3DFF98FF02E91A90C2FEFF:F827D88C7B3DFF9AFCA7E9E99298FE22" box="[809,949,448,474]" latitude="48.0" longLatPrecision="0" longitude="-116.29" municipality="Canada" name="Watch Peak" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" stateProvince="British Columbia">Watch Peak</location>
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, 8000, 2 km
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<locationDeviation box="[140,320,483,510]" location="Panorama" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">N of Panorama</locationDeviation>
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, [50.47-.
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<geoCoordinate box="[423,495,483,510]" degrees="48" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" precision="55555" value="48.0">48° N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate box="[504,633,483,510]" degrees="116.29" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" precision="555" value="-116.29">116.29° W</geoCoordinate>
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]
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<date box="[649,855,483,510]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" value="1996-08-16" valueMax="1996-08-17" valueMin="1996-08-16">
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<collectingDate box="[649,855,483,510]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" value="1996-08-16" valueMax="1996-08-17" valueMin="1996-08-16">16–17 Aug. 1996</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectorName box="[869,1028,483,510]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">J. Troubridge.</collectorName>
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<collectionCode box="[1036,1103,484,510]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">CNC</collectionCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608941593" collectingDate="1996-08-16" collectingDateMax="1996-08-17" collectingDateMin="1996-08-16" collectionCode="CNC" collectorName="J. Troubridge." country="Canada" latitude="48.0" location="Same" longLatPrecision="0" longitude="-116.29" municipality="Canada" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" specimenCount="84" specimenCount-female="84" stateProvince="British Columbia" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus box="[140,246,519,545]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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276 ♁,
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<specimenCount box="[341,394,519,545]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" type="female">47 ♀</specimenCount>
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.
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[421,512,518,544]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
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<collectingCountry box="[421,512,518,544]" name="Canada" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Canada</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[527,737,518,544]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
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<collectingRegion box="[527,737,518,544]" country="Canada" name="British Columbia" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">British Columbia</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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.
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:75513F417B3DFF98FF02E91A90C2FEFF:F827D88C7B3DFF9AFD7FEA2E9203FDD9" box="[753,814,519,545]" country="Canada" name="Same" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" stateProvince="British Columbia">Same</location>
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data as holotype (109 ♁,
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<specimenCount box="[140,193,554,580]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" type="female">37 ♀</specimenCount>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608941561" collectingDate="1994-07-23" collectingDateMax="2000-08-01" collectingDateMin="1994-07-23" collectionCode="AMNH, CDFC, CNC, GBC, JSC, LGC, OSU, TMC, USNM, WSU" collectorName="L. Crabo & J. Troubridge & Troubridge & Hensel" country="Canada" latitude="48.0" location="Watch Peak" longLatPrecision="0" longitude="-116.29" municipality="Canada" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" specimenCount="10" specimenCount-female="10" stateProvince="British Columbia" typeStatus="paratype">
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same locality as holotype,
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<date box="[516,667,554,580]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" value="1994-07-23">
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<collectingDate box="[516,667,554,580]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" value="1994-07-23">23 July 1994</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectorName box="[681,784,554,580]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">L. Crabo</collectorName>
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and
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<collectorName box="[842,993,554,580]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">J. Troubridge</collectorName>
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(35 ♁,
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<specimenCount pageId="76" pageNumber="77" type="female">4 ♀</specimenCount>
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),
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<date box="[178,320,589,615]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" value="2000-08-01">
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<collectingDate box="[178,320,589,615]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" value="2000-08-01">1 Aug. 2000</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectorName box="[329,455,589,615]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Troubridge</collectorName>
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and
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<collectorName box="[510,588,589,615]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Hensel</collectorName>
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(132 ♁,
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<specimenCount box="[694,730,589,616]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" type="female">6 ♀</specimenCount>
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).
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<collectionCode box="[753,848,589,615]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">AMNH</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode box="[859,941,589,615]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">CDFC</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode box="[952,1019,589,615]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">CNC</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode box="[1029,1092,589,615]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">GBC</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode box="[140,188,624,650]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">JSC</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode box="[199,260,624,650]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">LGC</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode box="[272,334,624,650]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9iaf-dk63" name="Oklahoma State University, Collection of Vertebrates" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">OSU</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode box="[345,414,624,650]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vnt5-s7fx" name="Trudeau Mycobacterial Culture Collection, Trudeau Institute" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">TMC</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode box="[426,515,624,650]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode box="[526,594,624,650]" country="USA" name="Weber State University, Bird and Mammal Collection" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">WSU</collectionCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="76.[140,1108,448,1672]" box="[185,876,659,686]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
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Th e
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<typeStatus box="[235,283,660,686]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">type</typeStatus>
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series is restricted to Watch Peak,
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<collectingRegion box="[671,872,659,685]" country="Canada" name="British Columbia" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">British Columbia</collectingRegion>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="76" pageNumber="77" type="etymology">
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<paragraph blockId="76.[140,1108,448,1672]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,320,695,721]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
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<emphasis box="[185,315,695,721]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" reason="1">Etymology</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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The name
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crabo & Lafontaine" authorityYear="2009" box="[445,536,695,721]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnea">
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<emphasis box="[445,536,695,721]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">brunnea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is derived from
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<emphasis box="[717,817,695,721]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">brunneus</emphasis>
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meaning brown in Medieval Latin. It refers to the dominant color of the moth.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="76" pageNumber="77" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph blockId="76.[140,1108,448,1672]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
|
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,312,765,791]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
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<emphasis box="[185,307,765,791]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" reason="1">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crabo & Lafontaine" authorityYear="2009" box="[319,530,765,791]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnea">
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<emphasis box="[319,530,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Lasionycta brunnea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a smooth dark-brown species from
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<collectingRegion box="[959,1045,765,791]" country="Canada" name="Alberta" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Alberta</collectingRegion>
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, eastern
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<collectingRegion box="[187,389,800,826]" country="Canada" name="British Columbia" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">British Columbia</collectingRegion>
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, and northeastern
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<collectingRegion box="[608,749,800,826]" country="United States of America" name="Washington" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Washington</collectingRegion>
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. Th e forewing is uniform olive brown with faint markings. Th e ventral hindwing is light gray brown with an arrowhead-shaped discal spot, dark postmedial line, and faint marginal band. This is the only
|
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<taxonomicName box="[140,233,906,932]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phoca">
|
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<emphasis box="[140,156,907,932]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">L</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[171,233,906,932]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">phoca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sub-group species that is consistently brown.
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="76.[140,1108,448,1672]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
|
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crabo & Lafontaine" authorityYear="2009" box="[185,397,941,967]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnea">
|
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<emphasis box="[185,397,941,967]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Lasionycta brunnea</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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occurs with
|
||
<emphasis box="[543,559,942,967]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[573,588,942,967]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">u</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[603,707,941,967]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uniformis">
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||
<emphasis box="[603,707,941,967]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">uniformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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, another plain moth, in most of its range. They can be distinguished by color, especially when fresh, since
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crabo & Lafontaine" authorityYear="2009" box="[957,1081,976,1003]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnea">
|
||
<emphasis box="[957,973,977,1002]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
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<emphasis box="[990,1081,976,1002]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">brunnea</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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is brown on both sides whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[469,603,1012,1038]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uniformis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[469,485,1012,1037]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[499,603,1012,1038]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">uniformis</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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is gray without a brown tint. Th ey also differ in the relative darkness of the ventral hindwing markings. Th e postmedial line of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crabo & Lafontaine" authorityYear="2009" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnea">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1084,1100,1047,1072]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[140,231,1082,1108]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">brunnea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is darker than the marginal band (similar to other
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[828,965,1082,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uniformis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[828,844,1083,1108]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[861,965,1082,1108]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">uniformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
subspecies), whereas
|
||
<emphasis box="[238,254,1118,1143]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[272,287,1118,1143]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">u</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[304,408,1117,1143]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uniformis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[304,408,1117,1143]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">uniformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a faint postmedial line and darker marginal band.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crabo & Lafontaine" authorityYear="2009" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnea">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Lasionycta brunnea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs with
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[455,586,1152,1179]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Mamestra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="promulsa">
|
||
<emphasis box="[455,471,1153,1178]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[487,586,1152,1178]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">promulsa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and can be confused with it because both are brownish. Th e ventral hindwing of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[536,665,1187,1214]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Mamestra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="promulsa">
|
||
<emphasis box="[536,552,1188,1213]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[566,665,1187,1213]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">promulsa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs in having a small discal spot and inconspicuous postmedial line. Brown-gray populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[807,1002,1223,1249]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="uniformis" subSpecies="fusca">
|
||
<emphasis box="[807,823,1223,1248]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[837,1002,1223,1249]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">uniformis fusca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resemble
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crabo & Lafontaine" authorityYear="2009" box="[140,263,1258,1284]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnea">
|
||
<emphasis box="[140,156,1259,1284]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[172,263,1258,1284]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">brunnea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but have more prominent forewing markings and are easily distinguished by locality since
|
||
<emphasis box="[327,343,1294,1319]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[357,372,1294,1319]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">u</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[387,440,1293,1319]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">fusca</emphasis>
|
||
occurs in the central Rocky Mountains.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="76.[140,1108,448,1672]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
|
||
The male valve of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crabo & Lafontaine" authorityYear="2009" box="[403,528,1328,1355]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnea">
|
||
<emphasis box="[403,419,1329,1354]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[437,528,1328,1354]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">brunnea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[777,916,1328,1355]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uniformis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[777,793,1329,1354]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[812,916,1328,1354]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">uniformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but has a slight downward bend distal to the digitus and a slightly rounder cucullus. Th e female genitalia are indistinguishable.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="76.[140,1108,448,1672]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crabo & Lafontaine" authorityYear="2009" box="[185,397,1434,1460]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnea">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,397,1434,1460]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Lasionycta brunnea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
demonstrates no variation in the CO1 gene (N = 7). It differs from
|
||
<emphasis box="[203,219,1470,1495]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[233,248,1470,1495]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">u</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[262,366,1469,1495]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uniformis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[262,366,1469,1495]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">uniformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by up to 1.2 % and from
|
||
<emphasis box="[665,681,1470,1495]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[696,711,1470,1495]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">u</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[725,836,1469,1495]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">multicolor</emphasis>
|
||
by up to 0.9 %.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="77" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="76.[140,1108,448,1672]" lastBlockId="77.[140,1108,167,1672]" lastPageId="77" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,433,1504,1530]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,330,1504,1530]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" reason="1">Description</emphasis>
|
||
. Head –
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Antenna of male biserrate and ciliate, individual antennal segments triangular, 1.7–1.8× as wide as central shaft. Antenna of female filiform and ciliate. Dorsal segments mostly slate gray, distal portions of some specimens with scattered luteous scales. Scape cream. Eye normal size. Palpus covered with cream and light-gray scales of variable proportions in different specimens. Frons cream centrally, light gray laterally. Top of head covered with cream, black-tipped tan, and apically white black-tipped tan hair-like scales.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[591,676,202,228]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
–Vestiture similar to scales on top of head, appearing even dark olive gray to brown gray, tip of prothoracic collar slightly darker in some specimens. Legs covered with fuscous gray scales. Tarsal segments dark gray, ringed distally with luteous scales.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[598,698,307,333]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Wings –</emphasis>
|
||
Forewing length: males
|
||
<quantity box="[979,1107,307,334]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="14.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="13.0">13–15 mm</quantity>
|
||
(expanse
|
||
<quantity box="[247,382,342,369]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="32.5" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="30.0">30–35 mm</quantity>
|
||
); females
|
||
<quantity box="[499,629,342,369]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="15.5" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="15.0">15–16 mm</quantity>
|
||
(expanse
|
||
<quantity box="[748,883,343,369]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="35.0" valueMax="36.0" valueMin="34.0">34–36 mm</quantity>
|
||
). Forewing covered with a mixture of dark-tipped medium-gray, olive-gray, and light to dark ochre-yellow scales, appearing even brown gray to olive gray. Basal, antemedial, and postmedial lines weakly double, medium to dark gray with olive-yellow filling. Basal line smudged, evident only at costa in some specimens. Antemedial line irregular. Medial line faint, most evident at costa. Postmedial line variable, faint to more prominent than other lines, scalloped between veins, excurved from costa to lower cell, then oblique to posterior margin. Subterminal line faint, pale yellow, preceded by darker gray chevrons between veins in some specimens. Terminal line thin, gray. Spots gray, similar in darkness to lines. Orbicular spot oval, nearly round to oblong, filled with ground color or yellow scales, with a faint gray ocellus in some specimens. Reniform spot kidney shaped, very faint, with olive-yellow scales on margin and ground color to medium gray centrally. Claviform spot absent. Fringe olive yellow, checkered with ground color or gray between veins. Ventral forewing evenly fuscous gray with suffusion of pale-yellow scales in fold to posterior margin, along costa, distal to discal spot, and in subterminal area. Discal spot gray, much lighter and thinner than hindwing discal spot with only anterior spot evident in some specimens. Postmedial line gray, indistinct, only evident near costa in most specimens. Fringe yellow white, weakly checkered with gray. Dorsal hindwing ground color medium to dark brownish gray. Markings dark gray, only evident in specimens with lighter ground color. Discal spot arrowhead shaped. Postmedial line indistinct, most evident as an oblique line from level of posterior edge of discal spot to inner margin of wing near anal angle. Fringe brownish to ochre off-white with a few gray scales in middle row. Ventral hindwing luteous to brownish off-white with a suffusion of gray scales, appearing dusty light brownish gray. Discal spot dark brownish gray, slightly ill defined, arrowhead shaped. Postmedial line brownish gray with scattered lighter scales, lighter than discal spot but slightly darker than marginal band, sinuous. Marginal band brownish gray, ill defined and interrupted with dusting and patches of paler scales with a dark streak at anal angle. Fringe luteous to brownish off-white, proximal row with scattered brown-gray scales.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[844,984,1328,1354]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Abdomen –</emphasis>
|
||
Dark gray with ochre scales covering male genitalia.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[613,805,1363,1389]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Male genitalia –</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig. 174) Genital capsule and aedeagus generally as in the
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Staudinger" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[523,661,1399,1425]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasiestra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucocycla">
|
||
<emphasis box="[523,539,1399,1424]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[557,661,1399,1425]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">leucocycla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species-group and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[886,982,1399,1425]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phoca">
|
||
<emphasis box="[886,902,1399,1424]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[920,982,1399,1425]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">phoca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sub-group descriptions. Valve with slight downward angulation distal to digitus and moderately constricted neck. Cucullus moderately large and slightly rounded. Corona a single row of setae. Vesica with 1–3 basal cornuti (N = 3).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[669,884,1504,1530]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Female genitalia –</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig. 230) Ovipositor lobe, segment VIII, and bursa copulatrix as in
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Staudinger" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[724,861,1539,1566]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasiestra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucocycla">
|
||
<emphasis box="[724,740,1540,1565]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[757,861,1539,1565]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">leucocycla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species-group and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phoca">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1084,1100,1540,1565]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[140,202,1575,1601]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">phoca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sub-group descriptions.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="78" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="77.[140,1108,167,1672]" lastBlockId="78.[140,1107,167,263]" lastPageId="78" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,492,1609,1636]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,336,1609,1635]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" reason="1">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
and biology.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crabo & Lafontaine" authorityYear="2009" box="[500,712,1610,1636]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Lasionycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnea">
|
||
<emphasis box="[500,712,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Lasionycta brunnea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs in Rocky Mountains of
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Canada" name="Alberta" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Alberta</collectingRegion>
|
||
north to Pink Mountain in northeastern
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[684,886,1645,1671]" country="Canada" name="British Columbia" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">British Columbia</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and in the Purcell and Selkirk Mountains in southwestern
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[595,792,167,193]" country="Canada" name="British Columbia" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">British Columbia</collectingRegion>
|
||
and northeastern
|
||
<collectingRegion country="United States of America" name="Washington" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Washington</collectingRegion>
|
||
. It flies in alpine tundra and is most common near timberline. It has been collected from mid-July through August.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |