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<mods:title id="A4F063B2D6415E6400EA9C5E71A1BE55">Mycale species of the tropical Indo-West Pacific (Porifera, Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida)</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE1FF8455ABFEEF5253CC71" bold="true" box="[151,569,330,357]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Mycale (Arenochalina) imperfecta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFE1FF84577CFEEE52A9CC71" author="Baer, L." box="[576,707,330,357]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref127889" refString="Baer, L. (1906) Silicispongien von Sansibar, Kapstadt and Papeete (Inaugural Dissertation, Berlin). Archiv f ʾ r Naturgeschichte, 72 (1,1), 1 - 32, pls. I-V." type="book" year="1906">Baer, 1906</bibRefCitation>
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<figureCitation id="26822A34FFE1FF8455ABFECA5081CC9C" box="[151,235,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1832,1856]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-19@37.[151,1435,181,1809]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 20. a–b, Preserved type specimens of Mycale fistulata Hentschel, 1911, ZMB 4398 (a) and Mycale fistulata var. macrochela Hentschel, 1911, ZMB 4399 (b) from Southwest Australia (both are considered junior synonyms of Mycale (Arenochalina) imperfecta Baer, 1906) (photos N.J. de Voogd), c–g, Mycale (Arenochalina) imperfecta Baer, 1906, c–d, habitus of preserved specimens, c, ZMA Por. 13728 from the Seychelles (scale bar = 1 cm), d, ZMA Por. 12657 from the Seychelles (scale bar = 1 cm), e–g, light microscopic images of skeleton tracts (e and f) and rosette of anisochelae (g), e, ZMA Por. 13728 from the Seychelles, f–g, ZMA Por. 12657 from the Seychelles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450982" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450982/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Figs 20</figureCitation>
a–g, 21a–d, 22a–d, 23
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<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE1FF8455ABFE16513FCCDE" box="[151,341,435,459]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Mycale imperfecta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFE1FF845461FE11519CCCDE" author="Baer, L." box="[349,502,435,459]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref127889" refString="Baer, L. (1906) Silicispongien von Sansibar, Kapstadt and Papeete (Inaugural Dissertation, Berlin). Archiv f ʾ r Naturgeschichte, 72 (1,1), 1 - 32, pls. I-V." type="book" year="1906">Baer, 1906: 20</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. II fig. 5, pl. V figs 3–8; 
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<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFE1FF845625FE165452CCDE" author="Vacelet, J. &amp; Vasseur, P." box="[793,1080,435,459]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="51 - 126" refId="ref136938" refString="Vacelet, J. &amp; Vasseur, P. (1971) Eponges des recifs coralliens de Tulear (Madagascar). Tethys, Supplement 1, 51 - 126." type="journal article" year="1971">Vacelet &amp; Vasseur 1971: 86</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 35; 
<treatmentCitation id="3F1810A0FFE1FF8451A9FE1655F2CCDE" author="Pulitzer-Finali, G." box="[1173,1432,435,459]" page="291" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1993">
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFE1FF8451A9FE1655F2CCDE" author="Pulitzer-Finali, G." box="[1173,1432,435,459]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="247 - 350" refId="ref134761" refString="Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1993) A collection of marine sponges from East Africa. Annali Museo Civico Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria, 89, 247 - 350." type="journal article" year="1993">Pulitzer-Finali 1993: 291</bibRefCitation>
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; 
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a: table 1 (listed only).
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<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE1FF8455ABFE555151CF1D" box="[151,315,496,520]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Mycale fistulata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFE1FF84547DFE555270CF1C" author="Hentschel, E." box="[321,538,496,521]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="279 - 393" refId="ref132351" refString="Hentschel, E. (1911) Tetraxonida. 2. Teil. In: Michaelsen, W. &amp; Hartmeyer, R. (Eds.), Die Fauna S ʾ dwest-Australiens. Ergebnisse der Hamburger s ʾ dwest-australischen Forschungsreise 1905. 3 (6 - 10). Fischer, Jena, pp. 279 - 393." type="book chapter" year="1911">Hentschel, 1911: 292</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 4.
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<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFE1FF8455ABFDAA52AECF32" ID-CoL="855QZ" authority="Hentschel, 1911: 294" authorityName="Hentschel" authorityPageNumber="294" authorityYear="1911" box="[151,708,527,551]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="variety" species="fistulata" variety="macrochela">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE1FF8455ABFDAA5151CF32" box="[151,315,527,551]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Mycale fistulata</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE1FF845451FDAA518ECF32" box="[365,484,527,551]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">macrochela</emphasis>
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.
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="9EA9119FFFE1FF8455ABFD8B53C1CF53" box="[151,939,558,582]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE1FF8455ABFD8B50CACF53" box="[151,160,558,582]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">?</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFE1FF84559DFD8B52F9CF53" ID-CoL="855TF" authority="Burton &amp; Rao, 1932: 329" authorityName="Burton &amp; Rao" authorityPageNumber="329" authorityYear="1932" box="[161,659,558,582]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="monanchorata">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE1FF84559DFD8B51E3CF53" box="[161,393,558,582]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Mycale monanchorata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFE1FF8454B3FD8B52F9CF53" author="Burton, M. &amp; Rao, H. S." box="[399,659,558,582]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="299 - 356" refId="ref128737" refString="Burton, M. &amp; Rao, H. S. (1932) Report on the shallow water marine sponges in the collection of the Indian Museum. Part I. Records of the Indian Museum, 34 (3), 299 - 356." type="journal article" year="1932">Burton &amp; Rao, 1932: 329</bibRefCitation>
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, text-fig. 6; 
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<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFE1FF845633FD8B53CDCF53" author="Rao, H. S." box="[783,935,558,582]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="417 - 469" refId="ref134886" refString="Rao, H. S. (1941) Indian and Ceylon sponges of the Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm collected by K. Fristedt. Records of the Indian Museum, 43, 417 - 469." type="journal article" year="1941">Rao 1941: 446</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="3F1810A0FFE1FF8455ABFDE95242CF70" author="Rao, H. S." box="[151,552,588,613]" page="447" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1941">
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFE1FF8455ABFDE95242CF70" ID-CoL="855QD" authority="Rao, 1941: 447" authorityName="Rao" authorityPageNumber="447" authorityYear="1941" box="[151,552,588,613]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="trincomaliensis">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE1FF8455ABFDE951EECF71" box="[151,388,588,612]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Mycale trincomaliensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFE1FF8454B7FDE85242CF70" author="Rao, H. S." box="[395,552,589,613]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="417 - 469" refId="ref134886" refString="Rao, H. S. (1941) Indian and Ceylon sponges of the Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm collected by K. Fristedt. Records of the Indian Museum, 43, 417 - 469." type="journal article" year="1941">Rao, 1941: 447</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. XII fig. 19, text-figs 23–25.
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<paragraph id="BE0636B1FFE1FF8455ABFDCE554ACF96" blockId="36.[151,1436,435,766]" box="[151,1312,619,643]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="9EA9119FFFE1FF8455ABFDCE554ACF96" box="[151,1312,619,643]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFE1FF8455ABFDCE5125CF96" ID-CoL="6H4Q2" baseAuthorityName="Dendy" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[151,335,619,643]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spongiosa">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE1FF8455ABFDCE5125CF96" box="[151,335,619,643]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Mycale spongiosa</emphasis>
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; 
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<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFE1FF845460FDCE527ACF96" author="Thomas, P. A." box="[348,528,619,643]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 96" refId="ref136603" refString="Thomas, P. A. (1973) Marine Demospongiae of Mahe Island in the Seychelles Bank (Indian Ocean). Annales du Musee royal de l'Afrique central, Sciences zoologiques, 203, 1 - 96, pls. 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="1973">Thomas 1973: 36</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. II fig. 8, pl. V fig. 9, pl. VII fig. 8 (not: 
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFE1FF8456F5FDCE542CCF96" author="Dendy, A." box="[969,1094,619,643]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="14 - 51" refId="ref130561" refString="Dendy, A. (1896) Catalogue of Non-Calcareous Sponges collected by J. Bracebridge Wilson, Esq., M. A., in the neighbourhood of Port Phillip Heads. Part II. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, New Series, 8, 14 - 51." type="journal article" year="1896">Dendy 1896</bibRefCitation>
= 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFE1FF84515DFDC95578CF96" baseAuthorityName="Von Lendenfeld" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[1121,1298,619,643]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Arenochalina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="mirabilis" subGenus="Arenochalina">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE1FF84515DFDC95578CF96" box="[1121,1298,619,643]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">M. (Ar.) mirabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
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</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitation id="3F1810A0FFE1FF8455ABFD2F52EFCFB7" author="Pulitzer-Finali, G." box="[151,645,650,674]" page="102" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1982">
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFE1FF8455ABFD2F52EFCFB7" ID-CoL="855QF" authority="Pulitzer-Finali, 1982 a: 102" authorityName="Pulitzer-Finali" authorityPageNumber="102" authorityYear="1982" box="[151,645,650,674]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tylostrongyla">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE1FF8455ABFD2F5107CFB7" box="[151,365,650,674]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Mycale tylostrongyla</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFE1FF84544FFD2F52EFCFB7" author="Pulitzer-Finali, G." box="[371,645,650,674]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="87 - 141" refId="ref134636" refString="Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1982 a [1980 - 1981]) Some new or little-known sponges from the Great Barrier Reef of Australia. Bollettino dei Musei e degli Istituti Biologici dell'Universit di Genova, 48 - 49, 87 - 141." type="journal article" year="1982">Pulitzer-Finali, 1982a: 102</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 13–14.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FFE1FF8455ABFD0C52A8CFD5" blockId="36.[151,1436,435,766]" box="[151,706,680,705]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="9EA9119FFFE1FF8455ABFD0C52A8CFD5" box="[151,706,680,705]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
? 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFE1FF84559EFD0D5087CFD5" ID-CoL="84QN6" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[162,237,680,704]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE1FF84559EFD0D5087CFD5" box="[162,237,680,704]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Mycale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 
<treatmentCitation id="3F1810A0FFE1FF84542AFD0D51A3CFD4" author="Thomas, P. A." box="[278,457,680,705]" page="37" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1973">
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFE1FF84542AFD0D51A3CFD4" author="Thomas, P. A." box="[278,457,680,705]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 96" refId="ref136603" refString="Thomas, P. A. (1973) Marine Demospongiae of Mahe Island in the Seychelles Bank (Indian Ocean). Annales du Musee royal de l'Afrique central, Sciences zoologiques, 203, 1 - 96, pls. 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="1973">Thomas 1973: 37</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. II fig. 9, pl. V fig. 6.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<treatmentCitationGroup id="9EA9119FFFE1FF8455ABFD6252E4CFEB" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FFE1FF8455ABFD6255E6CFCA" blockId="36.[151,1436,435,766]" box="[151,1420,711,735]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFE1FF8455ABFD62514DCFCA" ID-CoL="855QB" baseAuthorityName="Keller" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[151,295,711,735]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="setosa">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE1FF8455ABFD62514DCFCA" box="[151,295,711,735]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Mycale setosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="3F1810A0FFE1FF845408FD6D5191CFCA" author="Van Soest, R. W. M." box="[308,507,711,735]" page="30" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1984">
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFE1FF845408FD6D5191CFCA" author="Van Soest, R. W. M." box="[308,507,711,735]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 167" refId="ref137151" refString="Van Soest, R. W. M. (1984) Marine sponges from Curacao and other Caribbean localities. Part III. Poecilosclerida. In: Hummelinck, P. W. &amp; Van der Steen, L. J. (Eds.), Uitgaven van de Natuurwetenschappelijke Studiekring voor Suriname en de Nederlandse Antillen. No. 112. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands, 66 (199), 1 - 167." type="journal article" year="1984">Van Soest 1984: 30</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFE1FF84573AFD625283CFCA" author="Erpenbeck, D. &amp; Voigt, O. &amp; Al-Aidaroos, A. M. &amp; Berumen, M. L. &amp; Catania, D. &amp; Guirguis, A. N. &amp; Paulay, G. &amp; Schatzle, S." box="[518,745,711,735]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="507 - 514" refId="ref131467" refString="Erpenbeck, D., Voigt, O., Al-Aidaroos, A. M., Berumen, M. L., B ʾ ttner, G., Catania, D., Guirguis, A. N., Paulay, G., Schatzle, S. &amp; W ˆ rheide, G. (2016) Molecular biodiversity of Red Sea demosponges. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 105, 507 - 514. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. marpolbul. 2015.12.004" type="journal article" year="2016">
Erpenbeck 
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE1FF845745FD6D52C6CFCA" box="[633,684,711,735]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
: supplementary data COI tree (not: 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFE1FF84516EFD6255EBCFCA" ID-CoL="853ZJ" authority="Keller, 1889" authorityName="Keller" authorityYear="1889" box="[1106,1409,711,735]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" genus="Gelliodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="setosa">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE1FF84516EFD625493CFCA" box="[1106,1273,711,735]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Gelliodes setosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFE1FF8451C3FD6255EBCFCA" author="Keller, C." box="[1279,1409,711,735]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="311 - 405" refId="ref133010" refString="Keller, C. (1889) Die Spongienfauna des Rothen Meeres (I. Halfte). Zeitschrift f ʾ r wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 48, 311 - 405, pls. XX-XXV." type="journal article" year="1889">Keller, 1889</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FFE1FF8455ABFD4352E4CFEB" blockId="36.[151,1436,435,766]" box="[151,654,742,766]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFE1FF8455ABFD435112CFEB" box="[151,376,742,766]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tricomaliensis">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE1FF8455ABFD435112CFEB" box="[151,376,742,766]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Mycale tricomaliensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(sic); 
<treatmentCitation id="3F1810A0FFE1FF845484FD4352E0CFEB" author="Pattanayak, J. G. &amp; Patnayak, J. G." box="[440,650,742,766]" page="26" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="2009">
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFE1FF845484FD4352E0CFEB" author="Pattanayak, J. G. &amp; Patnayak, J. G." box="[440,650,742,766]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 219" refId="ref134585" refString="Pattanayak, J. G. [Patnayak, J. G.] (2009) Catalogue of extant marine Porifera type specimens in the Zoological Survey of India. Records of the Zoological Survey Occasional Paper, 309, 1 - 219, pls. 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="2009">Pattanayak 2009: 26</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F6A3653AFFE1FF8455ABFC895492C8E7" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FFE1FF8455ABFC895157CEA7" blockId="36.[151,1437,812,2027]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE1FF8455ABFC895111CE53" bold="true" box="[151,379,812,838]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Material examined</emphasis>
. 
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFFE1FF8454B7FC8853F0CE7F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466342" collectionCode="ZMB" country="Australia" location="West" municipality="Sharksbay" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="ZMB 4398" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="syntype">
<specimenCode id="EE1F9ECAFFE1FF8454B7FC885262CE53" box="[395,520,812,839]" collectionCode="ZMB" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="Museum">ZMB 4398</specimenCode>
(
<figureCitation id="26822A34FFE1FF845724FC895214CE52" box="[536,638,812,839]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="44.[151,250,1620,1644]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,181,1596]" captionTargetId="figure-26@44.[155,1431,181,1596]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 26. Mycale (Arenochalina) regularis Wilson, 1925, a, syntype of Mycale euplectellioides var. regularis Wilson, 1925, USNM 21273 (photo L.E. Becking), b,b1, light microscopic views of choanosomal skeleton showing thick spicule-filled fibre tracts, c, ZMA Por. 14515 from Indonesia, light microscopic view of rosette of anisochelae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450998" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450998/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Figs 26a</figureCitation>
), 
<typeStatus id="61028813FFE1FF8457A8FC885281CE52" box="[660,747,813,839]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
(
<specimenCount id="A8BFFD38FFE1FF8457C0FC8953E1CE53" box="[764,907,812,838]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
, 2 slides) of 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFE1FF845123FC8955FDCE53" authority="Hentschel, 1911" authorityName="Hentschel" authorityYear="1911" box="[1055,1431,812,838]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fistulata">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE1FF845123FC8954BCCE53" box="[1055,1238,812,838]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Mycale fistulata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFE1FF8451E3FC8955FDCE53" author="Hentschel, E." box="[1247,1431,812,838]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="279 - 393" refId="ref132351" refString="Hentschel, E. (1911) Tetraxonida. 2. Teil. In: Michaelsen, W. &amp; Hartmeyer, R. (Eds.), Die Fauna S ʾ dwest-Australiens. Ergebnisse der Hamburger s ʾ dwest-australischen Forschungsreise 1905. 3 (6 - 10). Fischer, Jena, pp. 279 - 393." type="book chapter" year="1911">Hentschel, 1911</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
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, 
<location id="BB66606AFFE1FF845431FCF4512ECE7E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:361087A7FFE1FF8955ABFEEF513CCCC7:BB66606AFFE1FF845431FCF4512ECE7E" box="[269,324,849,875]" country="Australia" municipality="Sharksbay" name="West" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">West</location>
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFE1FF845477FCF551DFCE7F" box="[331,437,848,874]" name="Australia" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Australia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="5E62ACCBFFE1FF8454FDFCF5525DCE7F" box="[449,567,848,874]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Sharksbay</collectingMunicipality>
, ca. 
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S of Denham
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, coll
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. 
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<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FFE1FF84569BFCF453D7CE7E" box="[935,957,849,875]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">R</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName id="134C5367FFE1FF8456F5FCF4542BCE7E" box="[969,1089,849,875]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Hartmeyer</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="134C5367FFE1FF84515BFCF45565CE7F" box="[1127,1295,848,875]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">W. Michaelsen</collectorName>
1905
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFFE1FF84505CFCF45157CEA7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466485" collectionCode="ZMB" collectorName="Hartmeyer &amp; Michaelsen." country="Australia" location="Sharksbay" municipality="South Passage" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="ZMB 4399" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCode id="EE1F9ECAFFE1FF84505CFCF450A5CE9B" collectionCode="ZMB" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="Museum">ZMB 4399</specimenCode>
(
<figureCitation id="26822A34FFE1FF8455E1FCD15154CE9A" box="[221,318,884,911]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="44.[151,250,1620,1644]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,181,1596]" captionTargetId="figure-26@44.[155,1431,181,1596]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 26. Mycale (Arenochalina) regularis Wilson, 1925, a, syntype of Mycale euplectellioides var. regularis Wilson, 1925, USNM 21273 (photo L.E. Becking), b,b1, light microscopic views of choanosomal skeleton showing thick spicule-filled fibre tracts, c, ZMA Por. 14515 from Indonesia, light microscopic view of rosette of anisochelae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450998" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450998/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 26b</figureCitation>
), 
<typeStatus id="61028813FFE1FF84546DFCD151D9CE9B" box="[337,435,884,910]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFE1FF8454EAFCD15328CE9B" authorityName="Hentschel" authorityYear="1911" box="[470,834,884,911]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="variety" species="fistulata" variety="macrochela">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE1FF8454EAFCD152E0CE9B" box="[470,650,884,910]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Mycale fistulata</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE1FF845783FCD15328CE9B" box="[703,834,884,910]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">macrochela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFE1FF845672FCD153D2CE9B" box="[846,952,884,910]" name="Australia" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Australia</collectingCountry>
, 
<location id="BB66606AFFE1FF8456FDFCD1545DCE9B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:361087A7FFE1FF8955ABFEEF513CCCC7:BB66606AFFE1FF8456FDFCD1545DCE9B" box="[961,1079,884,910]" country="Australia" municipality="South Passage" name="Sharksbay" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Sharksbay</location>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="5E62ACCBFFE1FF84517DFCD15489CE9A" box="[1089,1251,884,911]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">South Passage</collectingMunicipality>
, coll. 
<collectorName id="134C5367FFE1FF845019FCD055F7CE9A" box="[1317,1437,885,911]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Hartmeyer</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="134C5367FFE1FF845588FC3D5157CEA7" box="[180,317,920,946]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Michaelsen.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FFE1FF8455FBFC195492C8E7" blockId="36.[151,1437,812,2027]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFFE1FF8455FBFC195163C90B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466865" collectingDate="1899-08-07" collectionCode="ZMA" collectorName="Siboga Expedition" country="Indonesia" county="Por." elevation="45" latitude="-0.942" location="Damar" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="128.3241" municipality="Halmahera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maluku Utara">
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FFE1FF8455FBFC19516ECEC3" box="[199,260,956,982]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">ZMA</collectionCode>
<collectingCounty id="57674E3DFFE1FF845433FC185156CEC2" box="[271,316,957,983]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Por.</collectingCounty>
01611, 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFE1FF8454A2FC195264CEC3" box="[414,526,956,982]" name="Indonesia" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
, N 
<collectingRegion id="7C7DF853FFE1FF845701FC1952FDCEC3" box="[573,663,956,982]" country="Indonesia" name="Maluku Utara" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Maluku</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="5E62ACCBFFE1FF84579AFC19534ECEC3" box="[678,804,956,982]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Halmahera</collectingMunicipality>
, anchorage 
<locationDeviation id="AFB42F93FFE1FF84568EFC18541DCEC3" box="[946,1143,956,983]" location="Salomakiee" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">N of Salomakiee</locationDeviation>
(
<location id="BB66606AFFE1FF8451B5FC1954B3CEC3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:361087A7FFE1FF8955ABFEEF513CCCC7:BB66606AFFE1FF8451B5FC1954B3CEC3" box="[1161,1241,956,982]" country="Indonesia" county="Por." latitude="-0.942" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="128.3241" municipality="Halmahera" name="Damar" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" stateProvince="Maluku Utara">Damar</location>
) Island, 
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<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FFE1FF8455ABFC455175CEEF" box="[151,287,992,1018]" degrees="128.3241" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="5" value="128.3241">128.3241°E</geoCoordinate>
, depth 
<quantity id="79419B54FFE1FF84544CFC4551C6CEEE" box="[368,428,992,1019]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="45.0">
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</quantity>
, bottom coralline algae, dredge, coll. 
<collectorName id="134C5367FFE1FF845668FC45544ECEEF" box="[852,1060,992,1018]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Siboga Expedition</collectorName>
stat. 144, field nr. SE1199, 
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<collectingDate id="DA43E999FFE1FF845061FC445163C90B" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="1899-08-07">7 August 1899</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
; 
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<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FFE1FF84542AFBA15139C90B" box="[278,339,1028,1054]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">ZMA</collectionCode>
<collectingCounty id="57674E3DFFE1FF845467FBA051E2C90A" box="[347,392,1029,1055]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Por.</collectingCounty>
11438, 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFE1FF8454D8FBA15235C90B" box="[484,607,1028,1054]" name="Seychelles" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
, Mahé, 
<collectingMunicipality id="5E62ACCBFFE1FF845785FBA1533CC90B" box="[697,854,1028,1054]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Praslin Island</collectingMunicipality>
, NW coast, 
<location id="BB66606AFFE1FF8456DEFBA154EFC90A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:361087A7FFE1FF8955ABFEEF513CCCC7:BB66606AFFE1FF8456DEFBA154EFC90A" box="[994,1157,1028,1055]" country="Seychelles" county="Por." latitude="-4.2833" longLatPrecision="5539" longitude="55.7" municipality="Praslin Island" name="Chevalier Bay" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Chevalier Bay</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FFE1FF8451ADFBA15490C90B" box="[1169,1274,1028,1054]" degrees="4.2833" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="5" value="-4.2833">4.2833°S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FFE1FF84503DFBA1553BC90A" box="[1281,1361,1028,1055]" degrees="55.7" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="5555" value="55.7">55.7°E</geoCoordinate>
, depth 
<quantity id="79419B54FFE1FF8455ABFB8D5085C956" box="[151,239,1064,1091]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="6.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="2.0">
<elevation id="3594D182FFE1FF8455ABFB8D5085C956" box="[151,239,1064,1091]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="6.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="2.0">2–10 m</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
, 
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FFE1FF8455C7FB8D5131C957" box="[251,347,1064,1090]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">SCUBA</collectionCode>
, coll. 
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFFE1FF84549CFB8C5191C972" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466674" collectingDate="1992-12-17" collectionCode="R" collectorName="W. M. van Soest &amp; Indian Ocean Expedition" country="Netherlands" location="Netherlands" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FFE1FF84549CFB8C51DFC956" box="[416,437,1065,1091]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">R</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName id="134C5367FFE1FF845484FB8C5205C957" box="[440,623,1064,1091]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">W.M. van Soest</collectorName>
, 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFE1FF845740FB8D5369C957" box="[636,771,1064,1090]" name="Netherlands" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Netherlands</collectingCountry>
<collectorName id="134C5367FFE1FF845637FB8D544EC957" box="[779,1060,1064,1090]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Indian Ocean Expedition</collectorName>
stat. 703, field nr. IOP-E 703/11, 
<date id="CA071071FFE1FF8455ABFBE95104C973" box="[151,366,1100,1126]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="1992-12-17">
<collectingDate id="DA43E999FFE1FF8455ABFBE95104C973" box="[151,366,1100,1126]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="1992-12-17">17 December 1992</collectingDate>
</date>
(dirty grey)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFFE1FF845734FBE95184C99F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466594" collectionCode="ZMA" country="Seychelles" elevation="40" latitude="-4.2" location="Por." longLatPrecision="5555" longitude="55.6833" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FFE1FF845734FBE9522FC973" box="[520,581,1100,1126]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">ZMA</collectionCode>
<location id="BB66606AFFE1FF845770FBE85213C972" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:361087A7FFE1FF8955ABFEEF513CCCC7:BB66606AFFE1FF845770FBE85213C972" box="[588,633,1101,1127]" country="Seychelles" latitude="-4.2" longLatPrecision="5555" longitude="55.6833" name="Por." pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Por.</location>
12656, 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFE1FF8457EAFBE9533BC973" box="[726,849,1100,1126]" name="Seychelles" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
, Mahé, 
<locationDeviation id="AFB42F93FFE1FF845697FBE854EFC973" box="[939,1157,1100,1127]" location="Aride Island" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">NE of Aride Island</locationDeviation>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FFE1FF8451AEFBE954A5C973" box="[1170,1231,1100,1126]" degrees="4.2" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="5555" value="-4.2">4.2°S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FFE1FF8451E4FBE95538C972" box="[1240,1362,1100,1127]" degrees="55.6833" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="5" value="55.6833">55.6833°E</geoCoordinate>
, depth 
<quantity id="79419B54FFE1FF8455ABFBD550B9C99E" box="[151,211,1136,1163]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="40.0">
<elevation id="3594D182FFE1FF8455ABFBD550B9C99E" box="[151,211,1136,1163]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="40.0">40 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, rectangular dredge, coll
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFFE1FF8454C5FBD45242C9BA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466476" collectingDate="1992-12-19" collectionCode="R" collectorName="W. M. van Soest &amp; Indian Ocean Expedition" country="Netherlands" location="Netherlands" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FFE1FF8454C5FBD45264C99E" box="[505,526,1137,1163]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">R</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName id="134C5367FFE1FF84572EFBD452A3C99F" box="[530,713,1136,1163]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">W.M. van Soest</collectorName>
, 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFE1FF8457EAFBD55337C99F" box="[726,861,1136,1162]" name="Netherlands" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Netherlands</collectingCountry>
<collectorName id="134C5367FFE1FF845659FBD55414C99F" box="[869,1150,1136,1162]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Indian Ocean Expedition</collectorName>
stat. 715, field nr. IOP-E 715/02, 
<date id="CA071071FFE1FF8455CEFB3151AFC9BB" box="[242,453,1172,1198]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="1992-12-19">
<collectingDate id="DA43E999FFE1FF8455CEFB3151AFC9BB" box="[242,453,1172,1198]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="1992-12-19">19 December 1992</collectingDate>
</date>
(purple)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFFE1FF84570EFB31513BC9C7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466724" collectionCode="ZMA" country="Seychelles" elevation="45" latitude="-3.75" location="Por." longLatPrecision="555" longitude="55.2333" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FFE1FF84570EFB315205C9BB" box="[562,623,1172,1198]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">ZMA</collectionCode>
<location id="BB66606AFFE1FF845749FB3052C8C9BA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:361087A7FFE1FF8955ABFEEF513CCCC7:BB66606AFFE1FF845749FB3052C8C9BA" box="[629,674,1173,1199]" country="Seychelles" latitude="-3.75" longLatPrecision="555" longitude="55.2333" name="Por." pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Por.</location>
12657, 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFE1FF8457C6FB31531FC9BB" box="[762,885,1172,1198]" name="Seychelles" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
, Mahé, 
<locationDeviation id="AFB42F93FFE1FF8456F7FB305414C9BB" box="[971,1150,1172,1199]" location="Bird Island" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">E of Bird Island</locationDeviation>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FFE1FF8451B4FB3154BEC9BA" box="[1160,1236,1172,1199]" degrees="3.75" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="555" value="-3.75">3.75°S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FFE1FF8451E6FB31553EC9BA" box="[1242,1364,1172,1199]" degrees="55.2333" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="5" value="55.2333">55.2333°E</geoCoordinate>
, depth 
<quantity id="79419B54FFE1FF8455ABFB1D50B8C9C6" box="[151,210,1208,1235]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="45.0">
<elevation id="3594D182FFE1FF8455ABFB1D50B8C9C6" box="[151,210,1208,1235]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="45.0">45 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, trawl, coll
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFFE1FF845467FB1C5146C9E3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466787" collectingDate="1992-12-20" collectionCode="R" collectorName="W. M. van Soest &amp; Indian Ocean Expedition" country="Netherlands" location="Netherlands" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FFE1FF845467FB1C511AC9C6" box="[347,368,1209,1235]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">R</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName id="134C5367FFE1FF84544FFB1C5242C9C7" box="[371,552,1208,1235]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">W.M. van Soest</collectorName>
, 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFE1FF84570FFB1D52D0C9C7" box="[563,698,1208,1234]" name="Netherlands" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Netherlands</collectingCountry>
<collectorName id="134C5367FFE1FF8457FDFB1D53B2C9C7" box="[705,984,1208,1234]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Indian Ocean Expedition</collectorName>
stat. 720, field nr. IOP-E 720/20, 
<date id="CA071071FFE1FF84506CFB1D5146C9E3" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="1992-12-20">
<collectingDate id="DA43E999FFE1FF84506CFB1D5146C9E3" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="1992-12-20">20 December 1992</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFFE1FF845404FB79515DC80E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466837" collectionCode="ZMA" country="Seychelles" county="Por." elevation="14" latitude="-5.4167" location="St. Joseph Atoll" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="53.3167" municipality="Amirantes" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FFE1FF845404FB79511FC9E3" box="[312,373,1244,1270]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">ZMA</collectionCode>
<collectingCounty id="57674E3DFFE1FF845447FB7851C2C9E2" box="[379,424,1245,1271]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Por.</collectingCounty>
12703, 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFE1FF84573FFB795214C9E3" box="[515,638,1244,1270]" name="Seychelles" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="5E62ACCBFFE1FF8457BBFB795295C9E3" box="[647,767,1244,1270]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Amirantes</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="BB66606AFFE1FF845636FB7953D7C9E3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:361087A7FFE1FF8955ABFEEF513CCCC7:BB66606AFFE1FF845636FB7953D7C9E3" box="[778,957,1244,1270]" country="Seychelles" county="Por." latitude="-5.4167" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="53.3167" municipality="Amirantes" name="St. Joseph Atoll" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">St. Joseph Atoll</location>
, NW rim, reef slope, 
<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FFE1FF845193FB79557DC9E2" box="[1199,1303,1244,1271]" degrees="5.4167" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="5" value="-5.4167">5.4167°S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FFE1FF845022FB7955F2C9E2" box="[1310,1432,1244,1271]" degrees="53.3167" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="5" value="53.3167">53.3167°E</geoCoordinate>
, depth 
<quantity id="79419B54FFE1FF8455E2FAA5515DC80E" box="[222,311,1280,1307]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="13.5" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="5.0">
<elevation id="3594D182FFE1FF8455E2FAA5515DC80E" box="[222,311,1280,1307]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="13.5" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="5.0">5–22 m</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
, 
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FFE1FF845479FAA551CFC80F" box="[325,421,1280,1306]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">SCUBA</collectionCode>
, coll. 
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFFE1FF8454D1FAA45240C82A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466324" collectingDate="1992-12-26" collectionCode="R" collectorName="W. M. van Soest &amp; Indian Ocean Expedition" country="Netherlands" location="Netherlands" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FFE1FF8454D1FAA45268C80E" box="[493,514,1281,1307]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">R</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName id="134C5367FFE1FF845739FAA452D5C80F" box="[517,703,1280,1307]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">W.M. van Soest</collectorName>
, 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFE1FF8457F0FAA55339C80F" box="[716,851,1280,1306]" name="Netherlands" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Netherlands</collectingCountry>
<collectorName id="134C5367FFE1FF845661FAA55413C80F" box="[861,1145,1280,1306]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Indian Ocean Expedition</collectorName>
stat. 753, field nr. IOP-E 753/22, 
<date id="CA071071FFE1FF8455CEFA8151ACC82B" box="[242,454,1316,1342]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="1992-12-26">
<collectingDate id="DA43E999FFE1FF8455CEFA8151ACC82B" box="[242,454,1316,1342]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="1992-12-26">26 December 1992</collectingDate>
</date>
(purple)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFFE1FF845709FA815294C877" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466454" collectionCode="ZMA" country="Seychelles" elevation="40" latitude="-4.75" location="Pointe Cocos" longLatPrecision="783" longitude="53.55" municipality="Por." pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FFE1FF845709FA815218C82B" box="[565,626,1316,1342]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">ZMA</collectionCode>
<collectingMunicipality id="5E62ACCBFFE1FF845744FA8052CFC82A" box="[632,677,1317,1343]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Por.</collectingMunicipality>
13409, 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFE1FF8457C2FA815313C82B" box="[766,889,1316,1342]" name="Seychelles" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
, Mahé, SE coast near 
<location id="BB66606AFFE1FF845152FA81556FC82B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:361087A7FFE1FF8955ABFEEF513CCCC7:BB66606AFFE1FF845152FA81556FC82B" box="[1134,1285,1316,1342]" country="Seychelles" latitude="-4.75" longLatPrecision="783" longitude="53.55" municipality="Por." name="Pointe Cocos" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Pointe Cocos</location>
, coral rubble, 
<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FFE1FF8455ABFAED5089C876" box="[151,227,1352,1379]" degrees="4.75" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="555" value="-4.75">4.75°S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FFE1FF8455D1FAED5120C876" box="[237,330,1352,1379]" degrees="53.55" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="555" value="53.55">53.55°E</geoCoordinate>
, depth 
<quantity id="79419B54FFE1FF84549DFAED51B4C876" box="[417,478,1352,1379]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="40.0">
<elevation id="3594D182FFE1FF84549DFAED51B4C876" box="[417,478,1352,1379]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="40.0">40 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, rectangular dredge, coll
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFFE1FF845630FAEC53EBC892" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466307" collectingDate="1992-12-24" collectionCode="R" collectorName="W. M. van Soest &amp; Indian Ocean Expedition" country="Netherlands" location="Netherlands" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FFE1FF845630FAEC534BC876" box="[780,801,1353,1379]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">R</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName id="134C5367FFE1FF845618FAEC53B5C877" box="[804,991,1352,1379]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">W.M. van Soest</collectorName>
, 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFE1FF8456D2FAED541FC877" box="[1006,1141,1352,1378]" name="Netherlands" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Netherlands</collectingCountry>
<collectorName id="134C5367FFE1FF845143FAED55F6C877" box="[1151,1436,1352,1378]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Indian Ocean Expedition</collectorName>
stat. 738, field nr. IOP-E 738/17, 
<date id="CA071071FFE1FF845732FAC95289C893" box="[526,739,1388,1414]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="1992-12-24">
<collectingDate id="DA43E999FFE1FF845732FAC95289C893" box="[526,739,1388,1414]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="1992-12-24">24 December 1992</collectingDate>
</date>
(rose-purple)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFFE1FF8456B0FAC95215C8DB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466825" collectingDate="1992-12-19" collectionCode="ZMA" collectorName="W. Kooistra &amp; Indian Ocean Expedition" country="Seychelles" elevation="1" latitude="-3.6833" location="Por." longLatPrecision="5544" longitude="55.2" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FFE1FF8456B0FAC953A3C893" box="[908,969,1388,1414]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">ZMA</collectionCode>
<location id="BB66606AFFE1FF8456ECFAC85397C892" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:361087A7FFE1FF8955ABFEEF513CCCC7:BB66606AFFE1FF8456ECFAC85397C892" box="[976,1021,1389,1415]" country="Seychelles" latitude="-3.6833" longLatPrecision="5544" longitude="55.2" name="Por." pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Por.</location>
13728, 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFE1FF84516BFAC954B8C893" box="[1111,1234,1388,1414]" name="Seychelles" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
, Mahé, 
<locationDeviation id="AFB42F93FFE1FF845017FAC850B4C8BF" location="Bird Island" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">W of Bird Island</locationDeviation>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FFE1FF8455D6FA355138C8BF" box="[234,338,1424,1450]" degrees="3.6833" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="5" value="-3.6833">3.6833°S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FFE1FF845465FA3551C3C8BE" box="[345,425,1424,1451]" degrees="55.2" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="5555" value="55.2">55.2°E</geoCoordinate>
, depth 
<quantity id="79419B54FFE1FF8454C7FA355242C8BE" box="[507,552,1424,1451]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="1.0">
<elevation id="3594D182FFE1FF8454C7FA355242C8BE" box="[507,552,1424,1451]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, snorkeling, coll. 
<collectorName id="134C5367FFE1FF8457CDFA345311C8BF" box="[753,891,1424,1451]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">W. Kooistra</collectorName>
, 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFE1FF8456BBFA355464C8BF" box="[903,1038,1424,1450]" name="Netherlands" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Netherlands</collectingCountry>
<collectorName id="134C5367FFE1FF845129FA355544C8BF" box="[1045,1326,1424,1450]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Indian Ocean Expedition</collectorName>
stat. 722, field nr. IOP-E 722/1A, 
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<collectingDate id="DA43E999FFE1FF84549AFA115215C8DB" box="[422,639,1460,1486]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="1992-12-19">19 December 1992</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
; 
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<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FFE1FF8457B7FA1152A2C8DB" box="[651,712,1460,1486]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">ZMA</collectionCode>
<collectingMunicipality id="5E62ACCBFFE1FF8457F3FA105296C8DA" box="[719,764,1461,1487]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Por.</collectingMunicipality>
17888, 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFE1FF84566AFA1153F7C8DB" box="[854,925,1460,1486]" name="Oman" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Oman</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="7C7DF853FFE1FF845695FA11540EC8DB" box="[937,1124,1460,1486]" country="Oman" name="Zufar" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Dhofar province</collectingRegion>
, 
<location id="BB66606AFFE1FF845153FA115559C8DB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:361087A7FFE1FF8955ABFEEF513CCCC7:BB66606AFFE1FF845153FA115559C8DB" box="[1135,1331,1460,1486]" country="Oman" latitude="16.95" longLatPrecision="768" longitude="54.82" municipality="Por." name="Mirbat Peninsula" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" stateProvince="Zufar">Mirbat Peninsula</location>
, 
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<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FFE1FF8455ABFA7D509FC8E6" box="[151,245,1496,1523]" degrees="54.82" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="555" value="54.82">54.82°E</geoCoordinate>
, depth 
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, 
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, coll. 
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FFE1FF845770FA7D5208C8E7" box="[588,610,1496,1522]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">R</collectionCode>
.G. Moolenbeek, 
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFFE1FF84561EFA7C549EC8E7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466371" box="[802,1268,1496,1523]" collectingDate="2002-12" collectionCode="R" collectorName="Gomez &amp; O. Eerland" country="Oman" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Zufar">
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FFE1FF84561EFA7C5352C8E6" box="[802,824,1497,1523]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">R</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName id="134C5367FFE1FF84567EFA7D53F9C8E7" box="[834,915,1496,1522]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Gómez</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="134C5367FFE1FF84568BFA7D5459C8E7" box="[951,1075,1496,1522]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">O. Eerland</collectorName>
, 
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<collectingDate id="DA43E999FFE1FF845102FA7D549EC8E7" box="[1086,1268,1496,1522]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="2002-12">December 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F6A3653AFFE1FF8655FBFA595245CA7A" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="description">
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FFE1FF8455FBFA5954EBCB97" blockId="36.[151,1437,812,2027]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE1FF8455FBFA59513BCB03" bold="true" box="[199,337,1532,1558]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Description</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="26822A34FFE1FF845458FA5951D7CB03" box="[356,445,1532,1558]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1832,1856]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-19@37.[151,1435,181,1809]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 20. a–b, Preserved type specimens of Mycale fistulata Hentschel, 1911, ZMB 4398 (a) and Mycale fistulata var. macrochela Hentschel, 1911, ZMB 4399 (b) from Southwest Australia (both are considered junior synonyms of Mycale (Arenochalina) imperfecta Baer, 1906) (photos N.J. de Voogd), c–g, Mycale (Arenochalina) imperfecta Baer, 1906, c–d, habitus of preserved specimens, c, ZMA Por. 13728 from the Seychelles (scale bar = 1 cm), d, ZMA Por. 12657 from the Seychelles (scale bar = 1 cm), e–g, light microscopic images of skeleton tracts (e and f) and rosette of anisochelae (g), e, ZMA Por. 13728 from the Seychelles, f–g, ZMA Por. 12657 from the Seychelles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450982" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450982/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Figs 20</figureCitation>
a–d, 
<figureCitation id="26822A34FFE1FF8454C9FA595231CB03" box="[501,603,1532,1558]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1698,1722]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,181,1674]" captionTargetId="figure-26@38.[151,1436,181,1674]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 21. Mycale (Arenochalina) imperfecta Baer, 1906, ZMA Por. 12656 from the Seychelles, a, preserved habitus fragments (scale bar = 1 cm), b–d, SEM images of the spicules, b, mycalostyle, b1, details of mycalostyle, c, anisochela, d, sigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450986" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450986/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Figs 21a</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="26822A34FFE1FF845755FA59528DCB03" box="[617,743,1532,1558]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1688,1712]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1664]" captionTargetId="figure-19@39.[151,1435,181,1664]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 22. Mycale (Arenochalina) imperfecta Baer, 1906, ZMA Por. 01611 from Indonesia, a, preserved habitus (scale bar = 1 cm), a1, detailed view of surface crust, b–d, SEM images of the spicules, b, mycalostyle, b1, details of mycalostyle, c, anisochelae, d, sigmas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450988" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450988/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Figs 22a,a</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="26822A34FFE1FF8457DBFA59529BCB03" box="[743,753,1532,1558]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1177,1201]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-111@6.[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. A. Numbers of available specimens for the present study from the collections of the Naturalis Biodiversity Center distributed over Indo-West Pacific Marine Ecoregions (MEOWS, cf. Spalding et al. 2007). B. Ditto for type specimens and additional specimens from other institutions consulted for this study." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450932/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">1</figureCitation>
). Cushion-shaped, erect-lobate, or thick encrustations. Size of specimens up to 10 x 8 x 
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. Color in life purple or greyish purple. Surface flaky and/or irregularly smooth to spiny (preserved condition), due to choanosomal fibres protruding through the surface membrane. In preserved samples oscules small and spread over the surface. Consistency compressible, rather soft.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FFE1FF8455FBF9295095CA23" blockId="36.[151,1437,812,2027]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE1FF8455FBF9295144CBB3" bold="true" box="[199,302,1676,1702]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Skeleton</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="26822A34FFE1FF845403F92951F2CBB3" box="[319,408,1676,1702]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1832,1856]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-19@37.[151,1435,181,1809]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 20. a–b, Preserved type specimens of Mycale fistulata Hentschel, 1911, ZMB 4398 (a) and Mycale fistulata var. macrochela Hentschel, 1911, ZMB 4399 (b) from Southwest Australia (both are considered junior synonyms of Mycale (Arenochalina) imperfecta Baer, 1906) (photos N.J. de Voogd), c–g, Mycale (Arenochalina) imperfecta Baer, 1906, c–d, habitus of preserved specimens, c, ZMA Por. 13728 from the Seychelles (scale bar = 1 cm), d, ZMA Por. 12657 from the Seychelles (scale bar = 1 cm), e–g, light microscopic images of skeleton tracts (e and f) and rosette of anisochelae (g), e, ZMA Por. 13728 from the Seychelles, f–g, ZMA Por. 12657 from the Seychelles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450982" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450982/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Figs 20</figureCitation>
e–g). As usual for the subgenus, the skeleton consists of a reticulation of spongin-encased spicule tracts. In this species, the spongin is often almost entirely obscured by the solid mass of the mycalostyles. Meshes are square, 
<quantity id="79419B54FFE1FF845448F97151BACBFA" box="[372,464,1748,1775]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 mm</quantity>
wide, with primary tracts 
<quantity id="79419B54FFE1FF8457CBF97153ECCBFA" box="[759,902,1748,1775]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="250.0" valueMax="300.0" valueMin="200.0">200–300 µm</quantity>
in diameter and secondary tracts of 
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anastomosing at right angles. Microscleres common, anisochelae arranged in rosettes (
<figureCitation id="26822A34FFE1FF84515AF95D54ACCA07" box="[1126,1222,1784,1810]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1832,1856]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-19@37.[151,1435,181,1809]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 20. a–b, Preserved type specimens of Mycale fistulata Hentschel, 1911, ZMB 4398 (a) and Mycale fistulata var. macrochela Hentschel, 1911, ZMB 4399 (b) from Southwest Australia (both are considered junior synonyms of Mycale (Arenochalina) imperfecta Baer, 1906) (photos N.J. de Voogd), c–g, Mycale (Arenochalina) imperfecta Baer, 1906, c–d, habitus of preserved specimens, c, ZMA Por. 13728 from the Seychelles (scale bar = 1 cm), d, ZMA Por. 12657 from the Seychelles (scale bar = 1 cm), e–g, light microscopic images of skeleton tracts (e and f) and rosette of anisochelae (g), e, ZMA Por. 13728 from the Seychelles, f–g, ZMA Por. 12657 from the Seychelles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450982" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450982/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
Fig. 
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) of up to 
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in diameter.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FFE1FF8455FBF8E554C6CA4F" blockId="36.[151,1437,812,2027]" box="[199,1196,1856,1883]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE1FF8455FBF8E55143CA4F" bold="true" box="[199,297,1856,1882]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Spicules</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="26822A34FFE1FF845404F8E551E6CA4F" box="[312,396,1856,1882]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1698,1722]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,181,1674]" captionTargetId="figure-26@38.[151,1436,181,1674]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 21. Mycale (Arenochalina) imperfecta Baer, 1906, ZMA Por. 12656 from the Seychelles, a, preserved habitus fragments (scale bar = 1 cm), b–d, SEM images of the spicules, b, mycalostyle, b1, details of mycalostyle, c, anisochela, d, sigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450986" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450986/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Figs 21</figureCitation>
b–d, 22b–d). Mycalostyles, one size of anisochelae, one size of sigmas.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FFE1FF8455ABF8C150AECAB6" blockId="36.[151,1437,812,2027]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
Mycalostyles (
<figureCitation id="26822A34FFE1FF845402F8C151D4CA6B" box="[318,446,1892,1918]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1698,1722]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,181,1674]" captionTargetId="figure-26@38.[151,1436,181,1674]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 21. Mycale (Arenochalina) imperfecta Baer, 1906, ZMA Por. 12656 from the Seychelles, a, preserved habitus fragments (scale bar = 1 cm), b–d, SEM images of the spicules, b, mycalostyle, b1, details of mycalostyle, c, anisochela, d, sigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450986" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450986/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Figs 21b,b</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="26822A34FFE1FF845482F8C151A2CA6B" box="[446,456,1892,1918]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1177,1201]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-111@6.[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. A. Numbers of available specimens for the present study from the collections of the Naturalis Biodiversity Center distributed over Indo-West Pacific Marine Ecoregions (MEOWS, cf. Spalding et al. 2007). B. Ditto for type specimens and additional specimens from other institutions consulted for this study." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450932/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="26822A34FFE1FF8454EBF8C15276CA6A" box="[471,540,1892,1919]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1688,1712]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1664]" captionTargetId="figure-19@39.[151,1435,181,1664]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 22. Mycale (Arenochalina) imperfecta Baer, 1906, ZMA Por. 01611 from Indonesia, a, preserved habitus (scale bar = 1 cm), a1, detailed view of surface crust, b–d, SEM images of the spicules, b, mycalostyle, b1, details of mycalostyle, c, anisochelae, d, sigmas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450988" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450988/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">22b,b</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="26822A34FFE1FF845720F8C1524CCA6A" box="[540,550,1892,1919]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1177,1201]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-111@6.[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. A. Numbers of available specimens for the present study from the collections of the Naturalis Biodiversity Center distributed over Indo-West Pacific Marine Ecoregions (MEOWS, cf. Spalding et al. 2007). B. Ditto for type specimens and additional specimens from other institutions consulted for this study." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450932/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">1</figureCitation>
), variable in thickness, straight, with oval heads, 241– 
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE1FF8451A7F8C154B0CA6B" box="[1179,1242,1892,1918]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">275.2</emphasis>
–309 x 2– 
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE1FF845073F8C15518CA6B" box="[1359,1394,1892,1918]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">5.4</emphasis>
– 
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.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FFE1FF8455FBF80955FFCAFE" blockId="36.[151,1437,812,2027]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
Anisochelae (
<figureCitation id="26822A34FFE1FF84545DF80951AFCAD3" box="[353,453,1964,1990]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1698,1722]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,181,1674]" captionTargetId="figure-26@38.[151,1436,181,1674]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 21. Mycale (Arenochalina) imperfecta Baer, 1906, ZMA Por. 12656 from the Seychelles, a, preserved habitus fragments (scale bar = 1 cm), b–d, SEM images of the spicules, b, mycalostyle, b1, details of mycalostyle, c, anisochela, d, sigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450986" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450986/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Figs 21c</figureCitation>
, 
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), variable in length and in abundance among specimens but less so within a given specimen, with prominent upper lateral alae and narrow median alae, fully developed lower alae, 18– 
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE1FF84503AF875555DCAFF" box="[1286,1335,2000,2026]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">25.5</emphasis>
– 
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.
</paragraph>
<caption id="EAC66639FFE0FF8555ABF88D528CCAE1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450982" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4450982" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450982/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" startId="37.[151,250,1832,1856]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1806]" targetPageId="37">
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FFE0FF8555ABF88D528CCAE1" blockId="37.[151,1437,1832,2037]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE0FF8555ABF88D5176CA55" bold="true" box="[151,284,1832,1856]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">FIGURE 20</emphasis>
. a–b, Preserved type specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFE0FF8557AEF88D5381CA54" authority="Hentschel, 1911" authorityName="Hentschel" authorityYear="1911" box="[658,1003,1832,1857]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fistulata">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE0FF8557AEF88D5353CA55" box="[658,825,1832,1856]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Mycale fistulata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFE0FF85567EF88D5381CA54" author="Hentschel, E." box="[834,1003,1832,1857]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="279 - 393" refId="ref132351" refString="Hentschel, E. (1911) Tetraxonida. 2. Teil. In: Michaelsen, W. &amp; Hartmeyer, R. (Eds.), Die Fauna S ʾ dwest-Australiens. Ergebnisse der Hamburger s ʾ dwest-australischen Forschungsreise 1905. 3 (6 - 10). Fischer, Jena, pp. 279 - 393." type="book chapter" year="1911">Hentschel, 1911</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, ZMB 4398 (a) and 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFE0FF8551FBF88D51D3CA70" authority="Hentschel, 1911" authorityName="Hentschel" authorityYear="1911" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Porifera" rank="variety" species="fistulata" variety="macrochela">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE0FF8551FBF88D5504CA55" box="[1223,1390,1832,1856]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Mycale fistulata</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE0FF8555ABF8E95164CA71" box="[151,270,1868,1892]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">macrochela</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFE0FF85542FF8E951D3CA70" author="Hentschel, E." box="[275,441,1868,1893]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="279 - 393" refId="ref132351" refString="Hentschel, E. (1911) Tetraxonida. 2. Teil. In: Michaelsen, W. &amp; Hartmeyer, R. (Eds.), Die Fauna S ʾ dwest-Australiens. Ergebnisse der Hamburger s ʾ dwest-australischen Forschungsreise 1905. 3 (6 - 10). Fischer, Jena, pp. 279 - 393." type="book chapter" year="1911">Hentschel, 1911</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, ZMB 4399 (b) from Southwest Australia (both are considered junior synonyms of 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFE0FF8551C2F8E951B0CA9D" authority="Baer, 1906" authorityName="Baer" authorityYear="1906" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imperfecta" subGenus="Arenochalina">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE0FF8551C2F8E9510ACA9C" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Mycale (Arenochalina) imperfecta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFE0FF855454F8D451B0CA9D" author="Baer, L." box="[360,474,1904,1928]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref127889" refString="Baer, L. (1906) Silicispongien von Sansibar, Kapstadt and Papeete (Inaugural Dissertation, Berlin). Archiv f ʾ r Naturgeschichte, 72 (1,1), 1 - 32, pls. I-V." type="book" year="1906">Baer, 1906</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) (photos N.J. de Voogd), c–g, 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFE0FF855626F8D5549CCA9D" authority="Baer, 1906" authorityName="Baer" authorityYear="1906" box="[794,1270,1904,1929]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imperfecta" subGenus="Arenochalina">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE0FF855626F8D55411CA9C" box="[794,1147,1904,1929]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Mycale (Arenochalina) imperfecta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFE0FF8551B8F8D4549CCA9D" author="Baer, L." box="[1156,1270,1904,1928]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref127889" refString="Baer, L. (1906) Silicispongien von Sansibar, Kapstadt and Papeete (Inaugural Dissertation, Berlin). Archiv f ʾ r Naturgeschichte, 72 (1,1), 1 - 32, pls. I-V." type="book" year="1906">Baer, 1906</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, c–d, habitus of preserved specimens, c, ZMA Por. 13728 from the Seychelles (scale bar = 1 cm), d, ZMA Por. 12657 from the Seychelles (scale bar = 1 cm), e–g, light microscopic images of skeleton tracts (e and f) and rosette of anisochelae (g), e, ZMA Por. 13728 from the Seychelles, f–g, ZMA Por. 12657 from the Seychelles.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="EAC66639FFE3FF8655ABF90755FCCBCB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450986" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4450986" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450986/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" startId="38.[151,250,1698,1722]" targetBox="[153,1436,181,1674]" targetPageId="38">
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FFE3FF8655ABF90755FCCBCB" blockId="38.[151,1436,1698,1758]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE3FF8655ABF9075170CBAF" bold="true" box="[151,282,1698,1722]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">FIGURE 21</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFE3FF865414F907536ACBAF" authority="Baer, 1906" authorityName="Baer" authorityYear="1906" box="[296,768,1698,1722]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imperfecta" subGenus="Arenochalina">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE3FF865414F90752EDCBAF" box="[296,647,1698,1722]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Mycale (Arenochalina) imperfecta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFE3FF8657B2F906536ACBAF" author="Baer, L." box="[654,768,1698,1722]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref127889" refString="Baer, L. (1906) Silicispongien von Sansibar, Kapstadt and Papeete (Inaugural Dissertation, Berlin). Archiv f ʾ r Naturgeschichte, 72 (1,1), 1 - 32, pls. I-V." type="book" year="1906">Baer, 1906</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, ZMA Por. 12656 from the Seychelles, a, preserved habitus fragments (scale bar = 1 cm), b–d, SEM images of the spicules, b, mycalostyle, b1, details of mycalostyle, c, anisochela, d, sigma.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FFE3FF8655FBF8A95245CA7A" blockId="38.[151,1437,1804,1975]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
Sigmas (
<figureCitation id="26822A34FFE3FF865415F8A951E4CA33" box="[297,398,1804,1830]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1698,1722]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,181,1674]" captionTargetId="figure-26@38.[151,1436,181,1674]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 21. Mycale (Arenochalina) imperfecta Baer, 1906, ZMA Por. 12656 from the Seychelles, a, preserved habitus fragments (scale bar = 1 cm), b–d, SEM images of the spicules, b, mycalostyle, b1, details of mycalostyle, c, anisochela, d, sigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450986" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450986/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figs 21d</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="26822A34FFE3FF8654A7F8A951A2CA32" box="[411,456,1804,1831]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1688,1712]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1664]" captionTargetId="figure-19@39.[151,1435,181,1664]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 22. Mycale (Arenochalina) imperfecta Baer, 1906, ZMA Por. 01611 from Indonesia, a, preserved habitus (scale bar = 1 cm), a1, detailed view of surface crust, b–d, SEM images of the spicules, b, mycalostyle, b1, details of mycalostyle, c, anisochelae, d, sigmas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450988" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450988/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">22d</figureCitation>
), variable in size, but within an individual there is less variation; no sigma size categories are evident; most are almost half-circular in outline, with slightly incurved apices; occasionally they are more elongate in shape, 42– 
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE3FF8654AEF8F151A9CA7B" box="[402,451,1876,1902]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">74.6</emphasis>
– 
<quantity id="79419B54FFE3FF8654EEF8F05241CA7A" box="[466,555,1877,1903]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.04" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="104.0">104 µm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F6A3653AFFE3FF8655FBF8DD5248CAA2" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FFE3FF8655FBF8DD5248CAA2" blockId="38.[151,1437,1804,1975]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE3FF8655FBF8DD519ACA86" bold="true" box="[199,496,1912,1939]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Distribution and ecology</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="26822A34FFE3FF86573CF8DD523CCA86" box="[512,598,1912,1939]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="40.[151,250,597,621]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,181,573]" captionTargetId="figure-26@40.[151,1437,181,573]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 23. Mycale (Arenochalina) imperfecta Baer, 1906, approximate distribution of specimens studied (brown squares) and literature records (purple dots). Squares and dots may represent several close collecting localities." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450990" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450990/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
). 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFE3FF865756F8DD52B0CA87" box="[618,730,1912,1938]" name="Indonesia" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFE3FF8657DBF8DD5308CA87" box="[743,866,1912,1938]" name="Seychelles" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFE3FF865652F8DC53DFCA86" box="[878,949,1913,1939]" name="Oman" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Oman</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFE3FF8656FDF8DD544CCA87" box="[961,1062,1912,1938]" name="Tanzania" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Zanzibar</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFE3FF86510FF8DD54D6CA87" box="[1075,1212,1912,1938]" name="Madagascar" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
, West 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFE3FF86503AF8DD551ACA87" box="[1286,1392,1912,1938]" name="Australia" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Australia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFE3FF865040F8DC50D6CAA3" name="India" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">India</collectingCountry>
, in shallow reefs down to 
<specimenCount id="A8BFFD38FFE3FF8654DEF8395248CAA2" box="[482,546,1948,1975]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="generic">
<quantity id="79419B54FFE3FF8654DEF8395274CAA2" box="[482,542,1948,1975]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="45.0">45 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="EAC66639FFE2FF8755ABF93D5103CBED" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450988" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4450988" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450988/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" startId="39.[151,250,1688,1712]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1664]" targetPageId="39">
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FFE2FF8755ABF93D5103CBED" blockId="39.[151,1436,1688,1784]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE2FF8755ABF93D5170CBA5" bold="true" box="[151,282,1688,1712]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">FIGURE 22</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFE2FF875414F93D536ACBA5" authority="Baer, 1906" authorityName="Baer" authorityYear="1906" box="[296,768,1688,1712]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imperfecta" subGenus="Arenochalina">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE2FF875414F93D52EDCBA5" box="[296,647,1688,1712]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Mycale (Arenochalina) imperfecta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFE2FF8757B2F93D536ACBA5" author="Baer, L." box="[654,768,1688,1712]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refId="ref127889" refString="Baer, L. (1906) Silicispongien von Sansibar, Kapstadt and Papeete (Inaugural Dissertation, Berlin). Archiv f ʾ r Naturgeschichte, 72 (1,1), 1 - 32, pls. I-V." type="book" year="1906">Baer, 1906</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, ZMA Por. 01611 from Indonesia, a, preserved habitus (scale bar = 1 cm), a1, detailed view of surface crust, b–d, SEM images of the spicules, b, mycalostyle, b1, details of mycalostyle, c, anisochelae, d, sigmas.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="F6A3653AFFE2FF8955FBF883513CCCC7" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FFE2FF8755FBF8835253CAE0" blockId="39.[151,1437,1830,2037]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE2FF8755FBF883515ECA55" bold="true" box="[199,308,1830,1856]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Remarks</emphasis>
. 
<typeStatus id="61028813FFE2FF87547FF8825111CA54" box="[323,379,1831,1857]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Type</typeStatus>
specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFE2FF875723F88353FECA55" authority="Hentschel, 1911" authorityName="Hentschel" authorityYear="1911" box="[543,916,1830,1856]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fistulata">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE2FF875723F88352BCCA55" box="[543,726,1830,1856]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Mycale fistulata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFE2FF8757E2F88353FECA55" author="Hentschel, E." box="[734,916,1830,1856]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="279 - 393" refId="ref132351" refString="Hentschel, E. (1911) Tetraxonida. 2. Teil. In: Michaelsen, W. &amp; Hartmeyer, R. (Eds.), Die Fauna S ʾ dwest-Australiens. Ergebnisse der Hamburger s ʾ dwest-australischen Forschungsreise 1905. 3 (6 - 10). Fischer, Jena, pp. 279 - 393." type="book chapter" year="1911">Hentschel, 1911</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and its 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFE2FF8756CCF88354A3CA55" authorityName="Hentschel" authorityYear="1911" box="[1008,1225,1830,1856]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Porifera" rank="variety" species="fistulata" variety="macrochela">
variety 
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE2FF87517AF88354A3CA55" box="[1094,1225,1830,1856]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">macrochela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were re-examined and re-assigned to Baer’s species, which has priority. Microscleres among the various specimens here assigned to 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFE2FF8755ABF8CA511ACA9D" authorityName="Baer" authorityYear="1906" box="[151,368,1902,1928]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imperfecta" subGenus="Arenochalina">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE2FF8755ABF8CA511ACA9D" box="[151,368,1902,1928]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">M. (Ar.) imperfecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
show the same large range of sizes (anisochelae 
<quantity id="79419B54FFE2FF8756A0F8CB5478CA9C" box="[924,1042,1902,1929]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="30.0" valueMax="42.0" valueMin="18.0">18–42 µm</quantity>
, sigmas 
<quantity id="79419B54FFE2FF875148F8CB549DCA9C" box="[1140,1271,1902,1929]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.45" metricValueMax="10.4" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="74.5" valueMax="104.0" valueMin="45.0">45–104 µm</quantity>
) as in 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFE2FF875078F8CA5097CAB9" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="1925" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="regularis" subGenus="Arenochalina">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE2FF875078F8CA5097CAB9" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">M. (Ar.) regularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a size range that in other subgenera of 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFE2FF8757F6F8375376CAB9" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[714,796,1938,1964]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFE2FF8757F6F8375376CAB9" box="[714,796,1938,1964]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Mycale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
would cover two or more categories. However, the size range within specimens of this species is narrow, with little variation in size, whereas among specimens it is wide, but no regional patterns are apparent.
</paragraph>
<caption id="EAC66639FFEDFF8855ABFDF054CACF84" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450990" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4450990" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450990/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" startId="40.[151,250,597,621]" targetBox="[151,1437,181,573]" targetPageId="40">
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FFEDFF8855ABFDF054CACF84" blockId="40.[151,1436,597,658]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFEDFF8855ABFDF05171CF78" bold="true" box="[151,283,597,621]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">FIGURE 23</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFEDFF885416FDF0536CCF78" authority="Baer, 1906" authorityName="Baer" authorityYear="1906" box="[298,774,597,621]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imperfecta" subGenus="Arenochalina">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFEDFF885416FDF052E1CF78" box="[298,651,597,621]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Mycale (Arenochalina) imperfecta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFEDFF8857AFFDF3536CCF78" author="Baer, L." box="[659,774,597,621]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refId="ref127889" refString="Baer, L. (1906) Silicispongien von Sansibar, Kapstadt and Papeete (Inaugural Dissertation, Berlin). Archiv f ʾ r Naturgeschichte, 72 (1,1), 1 - 32, pls. I-V." type="book" year="1906">Baer, 1906</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, approximate distribution of specimens studied (brown squares) and literature records (purple dots). Squares and dots may represent several close collecting localities.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FFEDFF8855FBFD65513BC973" blockId="40.[151,1437,704,2026]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
The characters distinguishing the present species from other 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFEDFF885651FD65541ACFCF" authority="" authorityName="Von Lendenfeld" authorityYear="1887" box="[877,1136,704,730]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Arenochalina">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFEDFF885651FD65541ACFCF" box="[877,1136,704,730]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Mycale (Arenochalina)</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
members of the region are lobate shape, purple live color, thin primary and secondary spicule tracks completely filled with often relatively robust mycalostyles. Baer mentions mycalostyles of only 186–246 x 
<quantity id="79419B54FFEDFF885696FCAD5468CE37" box="[938,1026,776,802]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 µm</quantity>
whereas in our specimens these are longer and barely overlap Baer’s specimens, but in view of the large variation of spicule lengths and thickness, this is thought to fall within the variation. 
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFEDFF885772FCF553ECCE7F" author="Vacelet, J. &amp; Vasseur, P." box="[590,902,848,874]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="51 - 126" refId="ref136938" refString="Vacelet, J. &amp; Vasseur, P. (1971) Eponges des recifs coralliens de Tulear (Madagascar). Tethys, Supplement 1, 51 - 126." type="journal article" year="1971">Vacelet &amp; Vasseur’s (1971)</bibRefCitation>
description of a 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFEDFF885177FCF554B8CE7F" box="[1099,1234,848,874]" name="Madagascar" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
specimen reports longer but equally thin mycalostyles. Baer’s, Vacelet &amp; Vasseur’s and Pulitzer-Finali’s specimens had on average smaller anisochelae, and they do not mention presence of rosettes, but otherwise the descriptions match ours. In our specimens the spicule data show a large range. 
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFEDFF88579FFC19531CCEC3" author="Hentschel, E." box="[675,886,956,982]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="279 - 393" refId="ref132351" refString="Hentschel, E. (1911) Tetraxonida. 2. Teil. In: Michaelsen, W. &amp; Hartmeyer, R. (Eds.), Die Fauna S ʾ dwest-Australiens. Ergebnisse der Hamburger s ʾ dwest-australischen Forschungsreise 1905. 3 (6 - 10). Fischer, Jena, pp. 279 - 393." type="book chapter" year="1911">Hentschel’s (1911)</bibRefCitation>
material of 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFEDFF8856C0FC1954DBCEC3" authorityName="Hentschel" authorityYear="1911" box="[1020,1201,956,982]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fistulata">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFEDFF8856C0FC1954DBCEC3" box="[1020,1201,956,982]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Mycale fistulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar in shape to Baer’s 
<typeStatus id="61028813FFEDFF8855DAFC455173CEEF" box="[230,281,992,1018]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">type</typeStatus>
, but shares the longer mycalostyles with 
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFEDFF8857DDFC45547ACEEF" author="Vacelet, J. &amp; Vasseur, P." box="[737,1040,992,1018]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="51 - 126" refId="ref136938" refString="Vacelet, J. &amp; Vasseur, P. (1971) Eponges des recifs coralliens de Tulear (Madagascar). Tethys, Supplement 1, 51 - 126." type="journal article" year="1971">Vacelet &amp; Vasseur’s (1971)</bibRefCitation>
material and the present specimens from the 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFEDFF88543DFBA15116C90B" box="[257,380,1028,1054]" name="Seychelles" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
. Hentschel’s 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFEDFF885728FBA152A3C90B" authorityName="Hentschel" authorityYear="1911" box="[532,713,1028,1054]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="variety" species="fistulata" variety="macrochela">
var. 
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFEDFF88577AFBA152A3C90B" box="[582,713,1028,1054]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">macrochela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is here regarded as belonging to this species, but in some individuals the sigmas are larger than average. Future studies might show there is taxonomic diversity in this presumed variable species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FFEDFF8855FBFBD551E4C8DB" blockId="40.[151,1437,704,2026]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFEDFF8855FBFBD5522DC99F" authority="Rao, 1941" authorityName="Rao" authorityYear="1941" box="[199,583,1136,1162]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="trincomaliensis">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFEDFF8855FBFBD551A7C99F" box="[199,461,1136,1162]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Mycale trincomaliensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFEDFF8854E8FBD5522DC99F" author="Rao, H. S." box="[468,583,1136,1162]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="417 - 469" refId="ref134886" refString="Rao, H. S. (1941) Indian and Ceylon sponges of the Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm collected by K. Fristedt. Records of the Indian Museum, 43, 417 - 469." type="journal article" year="1941">Rao, 1941</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFEDFF8857B7FBD552AFC99F" box="[651,709,1136,1162]" name="India" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">India</collectingCountry>
conforms in all aspects to the present species. We believe Thomas’ (1973) description of 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFEDFF88548BFB3152EEC9B8" baseAuthorityName="Dendy" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[439,644,1172,1198]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spongiosa">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFEDFF88548BFB3152EEC9B8" box="[439,644,1172,1198]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Mycale spongiosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFEDFF8857CBFB315305C9BB" box="[759,879,1172,1198]" name="Seychelles" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
likely concerns the present species, as the shape (encrusting a ‘twig’), the skeleton (‘scalariform’ with main fibres of 
<quantity id="79419B54FFEDFF8856B1FB1D5389C9C7" box="[909,995,1208,1234]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="180.0">180 µm</quantity>
diameter cored by 30–50 megascleres), and the spicules (anisochelae in rosettes, fairly large sigmas) match Baer’s and our description. 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFEDFF885186FB79514DC80C" authority="Dendy, 1896" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1896" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Esperella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spongiosa">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFEDFF885186FB7955F7C9E0" box="[1210,1437,1244,1270]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Esperella spongiosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFEDFF8855ABFAA5514DC80C" author="Dendy, A." box="[151,295,1279,1306]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="14 - 51" refId="ref130561" refString="Dendy, A. (1896) Catalogue of Non-Calcareous Sponges collected by J. Bracebridge Wilson, Esq., M. A., in the neighbourhood of Port Phillip Heads. Part II. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, New Series, 8, 14 - 51." type="journal article" year="1896">Dendy, 1896</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is convincingly synonymized with 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFEDFF885780FAA553E8C80F" baseAuthorityName="Von Lendenfeld" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[700,898,1280,1306]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Arenochalina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="mirabilis" subGenus="Arenochalina">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFEDFF885780FAA553E8C80F" box="[700,898,1280,1306]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">M. (Ar.) mirabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFEDFF885692FAA554CAC80F" author="Wiedenmayer, F." box="[942,1184,1280,1306]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 242" refId="ref138732" refString="Wiedenmayer, F. (1989) Demospongiae (Porifera) from northern Bass Strait, southern Australia. Memoirs Museum Victoria, 50 (1), 1 - 242, pls. 1 - 38. https: // doi. org / 10.24199 / j. mmv. 1989.50.01" type="journal article" year="1989">Wiedenmayer (1989)</bibRefCitation>
. That author also synonymized the present species with 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFEDFF88571FFA815283C82B" baseAuthorityName="Von Lendenfeld" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[547,745,1316,1342]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Arenochalina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="mirabilis" subGenus="Arenochalina">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFEDFF88571FFA815283C82B" box="[547,745,1316,1342]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">M. (Ar.) mirabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(cf. above), but we disagree because of the consistent differences of our specimens with Von Lendenfeld’s species. That species has erect-pedunculate shape, cream or yellow color, has foreign material enclosed in its primary fibres and its microscleres are virtually absent. In the absence of more definite information we believe that 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFEDFF88574FFA3552AFC8BF" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[627,709,1424,1450]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFEDFF88574FFA3552AFC8BF" box="[627,709,1424,1450]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Mycale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFEDFF8857C9FA35538DC8BF" authority="Thomas (1973)" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1973" box="[757,999,1424,1450]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" rank="species" species="sensu">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFEDFF8857C9FA355359C8BC" box="[757,819,1424,1449]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFEDFF885606FA35538DC8BF" author="Thomas, P. A." box="[826,999,1424,1450]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 96" refId="ref136603" refString="Thomas, P. A. (1973) Marine Demospongiae of Mahe Island in the Seychelles Bank (Indian Ocean). Annales du Musee royal de l'Afrique central, Sciences zoologiques, 203, 1 - 96, pls. 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="1973">Thomas (1973)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from the 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFEDFF88516AFA3554A4C8BF" box="[1110,1230,1424,1450]" name="Seychelles" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
could also belong to the present species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FFEDFF8855FBFA7D530CCB4B" blockId="40.[151,1437,704,2026]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFEDFF8855FBFA7D5189C8E7" author="Vacelet, J. &amp; Vasseur, P." box="[199,483,1496,1522]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="51 - 126" refId="ref136938" refString="Vacelet, J. &amp; Vasseur, P. (1971) Eponges des recifs coralliens de Tulear (Madagascar). Tethys, Supplement 1, 51 - 126." type="journal article" year="1971">Vacelet &amp; Vasseur (1971)</bibRefCitation>
suggested the present species is close to 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFEDFF885697FA7D5538C8E7" authority="Dendy, 1905" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1905" box="[939,1362,1495,1522]" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" genus="Esperella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tenuispiculata">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFEDFF885697FA7D54D1C8E7" box="[939,1211,1496,1522]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Esperella tenuispiculata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFEDFF8851FDFA7D5538C8E7" author="Dendy, A." box="[1217,1362,1495,1522]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="57 - 246" refId="ref130615" refString="Dendy, A. (1905) Report on the sponges collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: Herdman, W. A. (Ed.), Report to the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar, 3 (Supplement 18), pp. 57 - 246, pls. I-XVI." type="book chapter" year="1905">Dendy, 1905</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. However, Dendy’s species (cf. also below) has much smaller sigmas (
<quantity id="79419B54FFEDFF885644FA5E53AECB03" box="[888,964,1531,1558]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="36.0">36 µm</quantity>
) and the skeleton and tissue is filled with sand grains and foreign material. It may be closer to 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFEDFF8857DBF98553C6CB2F" baseAuthorityName="Von Lendenfeld" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[743,940,1568,1594]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Arenochalina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="mirabilis" subGenus="Arenochalina">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFEDFF8857DBF98553C6CB2F" box="[743,940,1568,1594]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">M. (Ar.) mirabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Below, we recognize specimens in our collection as close to if not conspecific with 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFEDFF885754F9E15335CB4B" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1905" box="[616,863,1604,1630]" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" genus="Esperella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tenuispiculata" subGenus="Arenochalina">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFEDFF885754F9E15335CB4B" box="[616,863,1604,1630]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">M (Ar.) tenuispiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FFEDFF8855FBF9CD534CCBFB" blockId="40.[151,1437,704,2026]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFEDFF8855FBF9CD52DCCB97" authority="Pulitzer-Finali, 1982 a" authorityName="Pulitzer-Finali" authorityYear="1982" box="[199,694,1640,1666]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tylostrongyla">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFEDFF8855FBF9CD51DCCB97" box="[199,438,1640,1666]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Mycale tylostrongyla</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFEDFF8854FCF9CD52DCCB97" author="Pulitzer-Finali, G." box="[448,694,1640,1666]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="87 - 141" refId="ref134636" refString="Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1982 a [1980 - 1981]) Some new or little-known sponges from the Great Barrier Reef of Australia. Bollettino dei Musei e degli Istituti Biologici dell'Universit di Genova, 48 - 49, 87 - 141." type="journal article" year="1982">Pulitzer-Finali, 1982a</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
was also suggested as a synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFEDFF885151F9CD555CCB97" baseAuthorityName="Von Lendenfeld" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[1133,1334,1640,1666]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Arenochalina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="mirabilis" subGenus="Arenochalina">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFEDFF885151F9CD555CCB97" box="[1133,1334,1640,1666]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">M. (Ar.) mirabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFEDFF885059F9CD5131CBB3" author="Wiedenmayer, F." pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 242" refId="ref138732" refString="Wiedenmayer, F. (1989) Demospongiae (Porifera) from northern Bass Strait, southern Australia. Memoirs Museum Victoria, 50 (1), 1 - 242, pls. 1 - 38. https: // doi. org / 10.24199 / j. mmv. 1989.50.01" type="journal article" year="1989">Wiedenmayer (1989)</bibRefCitation>
, but in view of the apparently abundant presence of microscleres, both anisochelae and sigmas, it is perhaps closer to the present species. In contrast, the fibres are described to be filled mostly with sand grains, rendering it not certainly a member of 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFEDFF885774F9715375CBFB" authorityName="Baer" authorityYear="1906" box="[584,799,1748,1774]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imperfecta" subGenus="Arenochalina">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFEDFF885774F9715375CBFB" box="[584,799,1748,1774]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">M. (Ar.) imperfecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FFEDFF8855FBF95D52BCCAFF" blockId="40.[151,1437,704,2026]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
Rosettes of anisochelae are shared with 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFEDFF8857B9F95D538FCA07" authority="Wilson, 1925" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="1925" box="[645,997,1783,1810]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="regularis" subGenus="Arenochalina">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFEDFF8857B9F95D5323CA07" box="[645,841,1784,1810]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">M. (Ar.) regularis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFEDFF885673F95D538FCA07" author="Wilson, H. V." box="[847,997,1783,1810]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="273 - 532" refId="ref138784" refString="Wilson, H. V. (1925) Siliceous and horny sponges collected by the U. S. Fisheries Steamer ' Albatross' during the Philippine Expedition, 1907 - 10. In: Contributions to the biology of the Philippine Archipelago and adjacent regions. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 100 (2, part 4), 273 - 532, pls. 37 - 52." type="journal article" year="1925">Wilson, 1925</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(cf. below), and in many other aspects, e.g. the semicircular, slightly incurved shape of the sigmas, this species is closest to the present. However, the habitus of 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFEDFF885432F8E551BECA4F" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="1925" box="[270,468,1856,1882]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="regularis" subGenus="Arenochalina">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFEDFF885432F8E551BECA4F" box="[270,468,1856,1882]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">M. (Ar.) regularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is persistently tubular, fibres are thicker and contain more spongin. If Wiedenmayer’s hypothesis of polymorphism in Indo-West Pacific 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFEDFF8857FBF8C15334CA6B" authorityName="Von Lendenfeld" authorityYear="1887" box="[711,862,1892,1918]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Arenochalina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFEDFF8857FBF8C15334CA6B" box="[711,862,1892,1918]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Arenochalina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens would prove to be for real, then chances are that what we described above under 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFEDFF88575EF82D5319CAB7" authorityName="Row" authorityYear="1911" box="[610,883,1928,1954]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="euplectellioides" subGenus="Arenochalina">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFEDFF88575EF82D5319CAB7" box="[610,883,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">M. (Ar.) euplectellioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and below under 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFEDFF88517DF82D556ACAB7" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="1925" box="[1089,1280,1928,1954]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="regularis" subGenus="Arenochalina">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFEDFF88517DF82D556ACAB7" box="[1089,1280,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">M.(Ar.) regularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belong to the same species as the present. In that case, the name 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFEDFF8857F3F80953CCCAD3" authorityName="Baer" authorityYear="1906" box="[719,934,1964,1990]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imperfecta" subGenus="Arenochalina">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFEDFF8857F3F80953CCCAD3" box="[719,934,1964,1990]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">M. (Ar.) imperfecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
would have priority. We prefer to emphasize the difference in overall shape as a specific feature.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FFECFF8955FBFF325496CC04" blockId="41.[151,1436,151,466]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
We suggest that Indian 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFECFF8954F0FF3253D9CDA4" authority="Burton &amp; Rao, 1932" authorityName="Burton &amp; Rao" authorityYear="1932" box="[460,947,151,177]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="monanchorata">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFECFF8954F0FF3252A2CDA4" box="[460,712,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Mycale monanchorata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFECFF8957F3FF3253D9CDA4" author="Burton, M. &amp; Rao, H. S." box="[719,947,151,177]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="299 - 356" refId="ref128737" refString="Burton, M. &amp; Rao, H. S. (1932) Report on the shallow water marine sponges in the collection of the Indian Museum. Part I. Records of the Indian Museum, 34 (3), 299 - 356." type="journal article" year="1932">Burton &amp; Rao, 1932</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
could be a junior synonym, even though no sigmas have been reported from it. Several specimens assigned here to 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFECFF8956F9FF1254F5CDC4" authorityName="Baer" authorityYear="1906" box="[965,1183,183,209]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imperfecta" subGenus="Arenochalina">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFECFF8956F9FF1254F5CDC4" box="[965,1183,183,209]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">M. (Ar.) imperfecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
had their sigmas only rarely present (e.g. ZMA. Por. 13728 and 17888), and paucity of microscleres is characteristic of the subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFECFF8955ABFF525144CC04" authorityName="Von Lendenfeld" authorityYear="1887" box="[151,302,247,273]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Arenochalina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFECFF8955ABFF525144CC04" box="[151,302,247,273]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Arenochalina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in general. Re-examination of the 
<typeStatus id="61028813FFECFF895788FF52528ECC04" box="[692,740,247,273]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">type</typeStatus>
material is necessary to confirm the synonymy.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FFECFF8955FBFEB2513CCCC7" blockId="41.[151,1436,151,466]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
In the course of the study of this species we discovered that 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFECFF8956A1FEB250A7CC44" authority="Hentschel, 1911" authorityName="Hentschel" authorityYear="1911" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="variety" species="fistulata" variety="macrochela">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFECFF8956A1FEB2543DCC24" box="[925,1111,279,305]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Mycale fistulata</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFECFF8951ABFEB25570CC24" box="[1175,1306,279,305]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">macrochela</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFECFF895019FEB250A7CC44" author="Hentschel, E." pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="279 - 393" refId="ref132351" refString="Hentschel, E. (1911) Tetraxonida. 2. Teil. In: Michaelsen, W. &amp; Hartmeyer, R. (Eds.), Die Fauna S ʾ dwest-Australiens. Ergebnisse der Hamburger s ʾ dwest-australischen Forschungsreise 1905. 3 (6 - 10). Fischer, Jena, pp. 279 - 393." type="book chapter" year="1911">Hentschel, 1911</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(here re-assigned to 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFECFF89548DFE925363CC47" authority="Baer, 1906" authorityName="Baer" authorityYear="1906" box="[433,777,311,338]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="imperfecta" subGenus="Arenochalina">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFECFF89548DFE9252E2CC44" box="[433,648,311,337]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">M. (Ar.) imperfecta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FFECFF8957B3FE925363CC47" author="Baer, L." box="[655,777,311,338]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref127889" refString="Baer, L. (1906) Silicispongien von Sansibar, Kapstadt and Papeete (Inaugural Dissertation, Berlin). Archiv f ʾ r Naturgeschichte, 72 (1,1), 1 - 32, pls. I-V." type="book" year="1906">Baer, 1906</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) is a senior primary homonym of 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFECFF8951BAFE92516ACC64" authority="Burton, 1932" authorityName="Burton" authorityYear="1932" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="macrochela">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFECFF8951BAFE925508CC44" box="[1158,1378,311,337]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Mycale macrochela</emphasis>
Burton, 1932
</taxonomicName>
from the South 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFECFF895488FEF2520ACC64" box="[436,608,343,369]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Orkney Islands</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFECFF895756FEF252B5CC64" box="[618,735,343,369]" name="Antarctica" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
(Burton 1932: 289, pl. 51 fig. 6). Despite the synonymic status of the former, the junior primary homonym must be replaced (ICZN Art. 57.2), and we propose 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFECFF8951E1FED25091CCA5" authority="Van &amp; Aryasari &amp; De, 2021" authorityName="Van &amp; Aryasari &amp; De" authorityYear="2021" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="mauricei" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Mycale">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFECFF8951E1FED25091CCA5" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Mycale (Mycale) mauricei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="97FE57D8FFECFF89543FFE32513CCCA4" box="[259,342,407,433]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" rank="species">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFECFF89543FFE32513ACCA4" bold="true" box="[259,336,407,433]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">sp.nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, named after 
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FFECFF8954CAFE325239CCA4" box="[502,595,407,433]" name="Mauritius" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Maurice</collectingCountry>
Burton (there is already a combination 
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FFECFF895127FE3250B8CCC4" authority="Hajdu, 1995" authorityName="Hajdu" authorityYear="1995" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="burtoni" subGenus="Grapelia">
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FFECFF895127FE325522CCA4" box="[1051,1352,407,433]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Mycale (Grapelia) burtoni</emphasis>
Hajdu, 1995
</taxonomicName>
, cf. below).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>