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<document id="EA29776754C0F7C339E86CAD6D4461FC" ID-DOI="10.12651/JSR.2016.5.3.343" ID-ISSN="2713-8615" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13141993" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1722415861172" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Kim, Se-Joo &amp; Min, Gi-Sik" docDate="2016" docId="03D2940D8007FFD4FF49FEC5FED6FADD" docLanguage="en" docName="JSpeciesRes.5.3.343-347.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Species Research 5 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.12651/jsr.2016.5.3.343" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4D398BFF45FF8CA9E08F546BB06AE372.2:JSpeciesRes.2012-.journal_article" docStyleId="4D398BFF45FF8CA9E08F546BB06AE372" docStyleName="JSpeciesRes.2012-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Amphileptus litonotiformis Song 1991" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="344" masterDocId="FFEBEC758006FFD5FFD9FFC0FFBAFF9F" masterDocTitle="New records of two pleurostomatids (Ciliophora: Litostomatea) from Korea" masterLastPageNumber="347" masterPageNumber="343" pageNumber="344" updateTime="1722416241142" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="8F9EB8C17DF4704EA4631ED3ADAADE05">New records of two pleurostomatids (Ciliophora: Litostomatea) from Korea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E0A8C5F6B56A2485BB736B4137027884">Kim, Se-Joo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="726C9849445CDFD38EC014C0EBB64D60">Min, Gi-Sik</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03D2940D8007FFD4FF49FEC5FED6FADD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D2940D8007FFD4FF49FEC5FED6FADD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D2940D8007FFD4FF49FEC5FED6FADD" lastPageNumber="344" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">
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<paragraph id="8BC4251B8007FFD4FF49FEC5FD83FE82" blockId="1.[144,748,261,382]" box="[144,569,261,285]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">
<heading id="D08C92778007FFD4FF49FEC5FD83FE82" bold="true" box="[144,569,261,285]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="344" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C7B5E988007FFD4FF49FEC5FD83FE82" ID-CoL="D35T" ID-ENA="696093" authority="Song, 1991" authorityName="Song" authorityYear="1991" box="[144,569,261,285]" class="Gymnostomatea" family="Amphileptidae" genus="Amphileptus" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pleurostomatida" pageId="1" pageNumber="344" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="litonotiformis">
<emphasis id="B90FF9098007FFD4FF49FEC5FD83FE82" bold="true" box="[144,569,261,285]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">
<emphasis id="B90FF9098007FFD4FF49FEC5FE02FE82" bold="true" box="[144,440,261,285]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">Amphileptus litonotiformis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEA58EA8007FFD4FE67FEC5FD83FE82" author="Song, W." box="[446,569,261,285]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344" pagination="300 - 305" refId="ref2676" refString="Song, W. 1991. A new marine ciliate, Amphileptus litonotiformis nov. SP. (Protozoa, Ciliophora). Chin J Oceanol Limn 9: 300 - 305." type="journal article" year="1991">Song, 1991</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC4251B8007FFD4FF49FEE9FDBFFEA2" blockId="1.[144,748,261,382]" box="[144,517,293,317]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">
<emphasis id="B90FF9098007FFD4FF49FEE9FEEEFEA2" bold="true" box="[144,340,297,317]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">DZḇñqm섬AEệ</emphasis>
(
<tableCitation id="C6F910A08007FFD4FEB9FEE5FE0AFEA2" box="[352,432,293,317]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="1.[144,198,1298,1319]" captionText="Table 1. Morphological characterization of Amphileptus litonotiformis (1st line) and Kentrophyllum setigerum (2nd line) from protargol­" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">Table 1</tableCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1340399E8007FFD4FE67FEE5FE40FEA2" box="[446,506,293,317]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[174,207,1498,1520]" captionTargetBox="[176,1443,279,1466]" captionTargetId="figure-237@2.[174,1444,257,1466]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Morphology of Amphileptus litonotiformis from live (A, E­G) and protargol­impregnated (B­D, H­J) specimens. A, E, Appearance of a typical live individual; B, H, Nuclei, extrusomes, and nematodesmata with protargol­impregnation. C, D, Ciliary pattern after protargol­impregnation, left (C) and right (D) sides; F, Right view of live specimen, beak­like anterior region (arrowhead) and suture (arrows); G, Posterior region, contractile vacuole (arrowhead) and somatic kineties (arrows); I, Anterior region, extrusomes (arrows); J, Inside body, membranelles of feeding hypotrichs(arrows). Scale bars: 100μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13141995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13141995/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36176908007FFD4FF49FE85FF6FFEE1" pageId="1" pageNumber="344" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BC4251B8007FFD4FF49FE85FF6FFEE1" blockId="1.[144,748,261,382]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6B02358007FFD4FF49FE85FF6FFEE1" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">
<treatmentCitation id="0ADA030A8007FFD4FF49FE85FD1DFEC1" author="Song, W." box="[144,679,325,350]" page="300" pageId="1" pageNumber="344" year="1991">
<taxonomicName id="4C7B5E988007FFD4FF49FE85FD1DFEC1" ID-CoL="D35T" authority="Song, 1991, p. 300" authorityName="Song" authorityPageNumber="300" authorityYear="1991" box="[144,679,325,350]" class="Gymnostomatea" family="Amphileptidae" genus="Amphileptus" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pleurostomatida" pageId="1" pageNumber="344" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="litonotiformis">
<emphasis id="B90FF9098007FFD4FF49FE85FE04FEC2" box="[144,446,325,349]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">Amphileptus litonotiformis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEA58EA8007FFD4FE10FE86FDF7FEC1" author="Song, W." box="[457,589,326,350]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344" pagination="300 - 305" refId="ref2676" refString="Song, W. 1991. A new marine ciliate, Amphileptus litonotiformis nov. SP. (Protozoa, Ciliophora). Chin J Oceanol Limn 9: 300 - 305." type="journal article" year="1991">Song, 1991</bibRefCitation>
, p. 300
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1340399E8007FFD4FD6CFE85FF09FEE1" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[174,207,1498,1520]" captionTargetBox="[176,1443,279,1466]" captionTargetId="figure-237@2.[174,1444,257,1466]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Morphology of Amphileptus litonotiformis from live (A, E­G) and protargol­impregnated (B­D, H­J) specimens. A, E, Appearance of a typical live individual; B, H, Nuclei, extrusomes, and nematodesmata with protargol­impregnation. C, D, Ciliary pattern after protargol­impregnation, left (C) and right (D) sides; F, Right view of live specimen, beak­like anterior region (arrowhead) and suture (arrows); G, Posterior region, contractile vacuole (arrowhead) and somatic kineties (arrows); I, Anterior region, extrusomes (arrows); J, Inside body, membranelles of feeding hypotrichs(arrows). Scale bars: 100μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13141995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13141995/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1340399E8007FFD4FF18FEA6FF6BFEE1" box="[193,209,358,382]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[144,177,1760,1782]" captionTargetBox="[145,1412,282,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-133@3.[144,1414,257,1727]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Morphology of Kentrophyllum setigerum from live (A, E­G, J­L) and protargol­impregnated (B­D, H, I, M) specimens. A, E­G, Appearance of live individuals, peribuccal papillae (arrowheads in E), spines (arrows in E), nuclei (arrows in F), suture (arrowhead in G), contractile vacuoles(arrows in G); B, H, I, Nuclei, extrusomes, and nematodesmata with protargol­impregnation. C, D, Ciliary pattern after protargol­impregnation, left (C) and right (D) sides; J, K, Anterior region, peribuccal papillae (arrowheads in J), extrusomes (arrows in J), suture (arrows in K); L, somatic kineties (arrows); M, Inside body, cirri of feeding hypotrichs (arrows). Scale bars=50 μm (A­D), 100 μm (E­I)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13141997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13141997/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">2</figureCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36176908007FFD4FF49FE66FDCCFE60" pageId="1" pageNumber="344" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BC4251B8007FFD4FF49FE66FDCCFE60" blockId="1.[144,749,422,1221]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">
<emphasis id="B90FF9098007FFD4FF49FE66FEC1FE21" bold="true" box="[144,379,422,446]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B132F468007FFD4FE5CFE66FDC9FE60" collectingDate="2007-07-21" collectingDateMax="2007-07-29" collectingDateMin="2007-07-21" latitude="37.433334" location="Yellow Sea" longLatPrecision="1181" longitude="126.583336" municipality="Specimens" pageId="1" pageNumber="344" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Incheon">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA0BF618007FFD4FE5CFE66FE44FE21" box="[389,510,422,446]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">Specimens</collectingMunicipality>
were collected from the
<collectingRegion id="49BFEBF98007FFD4FF63FE07FEABFE40" box="[186,273,455,479]" country="South Korea" name="Incheon" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">Incheon</collectingRegion>
public waterfront (
<geoCoordinate id="EE4F43DC8007FFD4FE3DFE07FD85FE41" box="[484,575,455,479]" degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="344" precision="925" value="37.433334">37°26N</geoCoordinate>
and
<geoCoordinate id="EE4F43DC8007FFD4FDA1FE06FD65FE40" box="[632,735,454,479]" degrees="126" direction="east" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="344" precision="925" value="126.583336">126°35E</geoCoordinate>
),
<collectingRegion id="49BFEBF98007FFD4FF49FE27FF5CFE60" box="[144,230,487,511]" country="South Korea" name="Incheon" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">Incheon</collectingRegion>
in the
<location id="8EA473C08007FFD4FEF7FE27FE1DFE60" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D2940D8007FFD4FF49FEC5FED6FADD:8EA473C08007FFD4FEF7FE27FE1DFE60" box="[302,423,487,511]" latitude="37.433334" longLatPrecision="1181" longitude="126.583336" municipality="Specimens" name="Yellow Sea" pageId="1" pageNumber="344" stateProvince="Incheon">Yellow Sea</location>
on
<date id="FFC503DB8007FFD4FE16FE27FDC9FE60" box="[463,627,487,511]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344" value="2007-07-21" valueMax="2007-07-29" valueMin="2007-07-21">
<collectingDate id="EF81FA338007FFD4FE16FE27FDC9FE60" box="[463,627,487,511]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344" value="2007-07-21" valueMax="2007-07-29" valueMin="2007-07-21">21­29 Jul 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36176908007FFD4FF49FDC7FA3DFDFF" pageId="1" pageNumber="344" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC4251B8007FFD4FF49FDC7FE45FD3F" blockId="1.[144,749,422,1221]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">
<emphasis id="B90FF9098007FFD4FF49FDC7FEA6FD80" bold="true" box="[144,284,519,543]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">Description.</emphasis>
Live cell size 150­225 × 50­75 μm, rugby ball­shaped in outline, beak­like anterior end bent toward dorsal side; body flexible and contractile; laterally compressed at a ratio of about 2: 1; conspicuous longitudinal Fu on right side (
<figureCitation id="1340399E8007FFD4FE9DFD48FE02FD3F" box="[324,440,648,672]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[174,207,1498,1520]" captionTargetBox="[176,1443,279,1466]" captionTargetId="figure-237@2.[174,1444,257,1466]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Morphology of Amphileptus litonotiformis from live (A, E­G) and protargol­impregnated (B­D, H­J) specimens. A, E, Appearance of a typical live individual; B, H, Nuclei, extrusomes, and nematodesmata with protargol­impregnation. C, D, Ciliary pattern after protargol­impregnation, left (C) and right (D) sides; F, Right view of live specimen, beak­like anterior region (arrowhead) and suture (arrows); G, Posterior region, contractile vacuole (arrowhead) and somatic kineties (arrows); I, Anterior region, extrusomes (arrows); J, Inside body, membranelles of feeding hypotrichs(arrows). Scale bars: 100μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13141995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13141995/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">Fig. 1A, B</figureCitation>
, E­H).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC4251B8007FFD4FF7FFD69FF40FCDD" blockId="1.[144,749,422,1221]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">
Two Ma connected, leaned on dorsal side of body center, usually detectable in live specimens; each nodule egg­shaped, about 22 × 18 μm after fixation; Mi not observed (
<figureCitation id="1340399E8007FFD4FF24FCC9FEE9FCBE" box="[253,339,777,801]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[174,207,1498,1520]" captionTargetBox="[176,1443,279,1466]" captionTargetId="figure-237@2.[174,1444,257,1466]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Morphology of Amphileptus litonotiformis from live (A, E­G) and protargol­impregnated (B­D, H­J) specimens. A, E, Appearance of a typical live individual; B, H, Nuclei, extrusomes, and nematodesmata with protargol­impregnation. C, D, Ciliary pattern after protargol­impregnation, left (C) and right (D) sides; F, Right view of live specimen, beak­like anterior region (arrowhead) and suture (arrows); G, Posterior region, contractile vacuole (arrowhead) and somatic kineties (arrows); I, Anterior region, extrusomes (arrows); J, Inside body, membranelles of feeding hypotrichs(arrows). Scale bars: 100μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13141995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13141995/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">Fig. 1H</figureCitation>
). One CV recognized at posterior end (
<figureCitation id="1340399E8007FFD4FF41FCE9FF57FCDD" box="[152,237,809,834]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[174,207,1498,1520]" captionTargetBox="[176,1443,279,1466]" captionTargetId="figure-237@2.[174,1444,257,1466]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Morphology of Amphileptus litonotiformis from live (A, E­G) and protargol­impregnated (B­D, H­J) specimens. A, E, Appearance of a typical live individual; B, H, Nuclei, extrusomes, and nematodesmata with protargol­impregnation. C, D, Ciliary pattern after protargol­impregnation, left (C) and right (D) sides; F, Right view of live specimen, beak­like anterior region (arrowhead) and suture (arrows); G, Posterior region, contractile vacuole (arrowhead) and somatic kineties (arrows); I, Anterior region, extrusomes (arrows); J, Inside body, membranelles of feeding hypotrichs(arrows). Scale bars: 100μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13141995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13141995/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">Fig. 1G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC4251B8007FFD4FF7FFC8AFEB4FC5C" blockId="1.[144,749,422,1221]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">
Ex bar­shaped, slightly curved, about 10 μm long; recognizable in live cells under optimal conditions; distributed in front of oral region; some scattered along Nd (
<figureCitation id="1340399E8007FFD4FF41FC6BFEBBFC5C" box="[152,257,939,963]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[174,207,1498,1520]" captionTargetBox="[176,1443,279,1466]" captionTargetId="figure-237@2.[174,1444,257,1466]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Morphology of Amphileptus litonotiformis from live (A, E­G) and protargol­impregnated (B­D, H­J) specimens. A, E, Appearance of a typical live individual; B, H, Nuclei, extrusomes, and nematodesmata with protargol­impregnation. C, D, Ciliary pattern after protargol­impregnation, left (C) and right (D) sides; F, Right view of live specimen, beak­like anterior region (arrowhead) and suture (arrows); G, Posterior region, contractile vacuole (arrowhead) and somatic kineties (arrows); I, Anterior region, extrusomes (arrows); J, Inside body, membranelles of feeding hypotrichs(arrows). Scale bars: 100μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13141995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13141995/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">Fig. 1B, I</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC4251B8007FFD4FF7FFC0BFE99FB5A" blockId="1.[144,749,422,1221]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">
Cytoplasm slightly grayish colored, with many brown globules and particles; cortical granules detected on pellicle, densely placed between rows of RSK (
<figureCitation id="1340399E8007FFD4FDB2FBCBFD5BFBBB" box="[619,737,1035,1060]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[174,207,1498,1520]" captionTargetBox="[176,1443,279,1466]" captionTargetId="figure-237@2.[174,1444,257,1466]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Morphology of Amphileptus litonotiformis from live (A, E­G) and protargol­impregnated (B­D, H­J) specimens. A, E, Appearance of a typical live individual; B, H, Nuclei, extrusomes, and nematodesmata with protargol­impregnation. C, D, Ciliary pattern after protargol­impregnation, left (C) and right (D) sides; F, Right view of live specimen, beak­like anterior region (arrowhead) and suture (arrows); G, Posterior region, contractile vacuole (arrowhead) and somatic kineties (arrows); I, Anterior region, extrusomes (arrows); J, Inside body, membranelles of feeding hypotrichs(arrows). Scale bars: 100μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13141995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13141995/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">Fig. 1E, G</figureCitation>
). Suture formed on anterior region of right side (
<figureCitation id="1340399E8007FFD4FD48FBECFF1EFBFB" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[174,207,1498,1520]" captionTargetBox="[176,1443,279,1466]" captionTargetId="figure-237@2.[174,1444,257,1466]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Morphology of Amphileptus litonotiformis from live (A, E­G) and protargol­impregnated (B­D, H­J) specimens. A, E, Appearance of a typical live individual; B, H, Nuclei, extrusomes, and nematodesmata with protargol­impregnation. C, D, Ciliary pattern after protargol­impregnation, left (C) and right (D) sides; F, Right view of live specimen, beak­like anterior region (arrowhead) and suture (arrows); G, Posterior region, contractile vacuole (arrowhead) and somatic kineties (arrows); I, Anterior region, extrusomes (arrows); J, Inside body, membranelles of feeding hypotrichs(arrows). Scale bars: 100μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13141995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13141995/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">Fig. 1D, F</figureCitation>
). Cirri and membranelles of feeding hypotrichs detect­ ed after fixation (
<figureCitation id="1340399E8007FFD4FE88FBACFE1AFB1B" box="[337,416,1132,1156]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[174,207,1498,1520]" captionTargetBox="[176,1443,279,1466]" captionTargetId="figure-237@2.[174,1444,257,1466]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Morphology of Amphileptus litonotiformis from live (A, E­G) and protargol­impregnated (B­D, H­J) specimens. A, E, Appearance of a typical live individual; B, H, Nuclei, extrusomes, and nematodesmata with protargol­impregnation. C, D, Ciliary pattern after protargol­impregnation, left (C) and right (D) sides; F, Right view of live specimen, beak­like anterior region (arrowhead) and suture (arrows); G, Posterior region, contractile vacuole (arrowhead) and somatic kineties (arrows); I, Anterior region, extrusomes (arrows); J, Inside body, membranelles of feeding hypotrichs(arrows). Scale bars: 100μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13141995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13141995/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">Fig. 1J</figureCitation>
). Movement by slow gliding, flexible crawling along substrates, or swimming with slow rotation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC4251B8007FFD4FCE6FEC5FA3DFDFF" blockId="1.[809,1415,261,1092]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">
Ciliary pattern typical of
<taxonomicName id="4C7B5E988007FFD4FB81FEC5FB64FE82" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1830" box="[1112,1246,261,285]" class="Gymnostomatea" family="Amphileptidae" genus="Amphileptus" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pleurostomatida" pageId="1" pageNumber="344" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90FF9098007FFD4FB81FEC5FB64FE82" box="[1112,1246,261,285]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">Amphileptus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="1340399E8007FFD4FB35FEC5FCFAFEA2" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[174,207,1498,1520]" captionTargetBox="[176,1443,279,1466]" captionTargetId="figure-237@2.[174,1444,257,1466]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Morphology of Amphileptus litonotiformis from live (A, E­G) and protargol­impregnated (B­D, H­J) specimens. A, E, Appearance of a typical live individual; B, H, Nuclei, extrusomes, and nematodesmata with protargol­impregnation. C, D, Ciliary pattern after protargol­impregnation, left (C) and right (D) sides; F, Right view of live specimen, beak­like anterior region (arrowhead) and suture (arrows); G, Posterior region, contractile vacuole (arrowhead) and somatic kineties (arrows); I, Anterior region, extrusomes (arrows); J, Inside body, membranelles of feeding hypotrichs(arrows). Scale bars: 100μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13141995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13141995/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">Fig. 1C, D, F, G</figureCitation>
). Two PK placed around oral slit, PK1 on left, and PK2 on right; kinetid rows more tightly packed than somatic kineties; PK1 contains dense dikinetids in anteri­ or 1/2, and a continuous row of monokinetids reaching to posterior end; PK2 composed of dikinetids, reaches down posterior. DB situated on dorsolateral area, with dense dikinetids in anterior 2/3, and a continuous row of monokinetids, reaches to posterior end. All somatic kineties composed of monokinetids; 10­11 LSK, with PK1 and DB; 20­21 RSK, including PK2. Nd well developed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36176908007FFD4FCF0FDA8FC3AFCBE" pageId="1" pageNumber="344" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BC4251B8007FFD4FCF0FDA8FB41FD1F" blockId="1.[809,1415,261,1092]" box="[809,1275,616,640]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">
<emphasis id="B90FF9098007FFD4FCF0FDA8FC01FD1F" bold="true" box="[809,955,616,640]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F36C658B8007FFD4FC18FDA8FBBBFD1F" box="[961,1025,616,640]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">China</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F36C658B8007FFD4FBECFDA8FBCCFDE0" box="[1077,1142,616,639]" name="South Korea" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">Korea</collectingCountry>
(this study).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC4251B8007FFD4FCF0FD48FAF6FD7E" blockId="1.[809,1415,261,1092]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">
<emphasis id="B90FF9098007FFD4FCF0FD48FC13FD3F" bold="true" box="[809,937,648,672]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">Deposition.</emphasis>
A voucher slide with protargol­impregnated specimens was deposited in the National Institute of Biological Resources in
<collectingCountry id="F36C658B8007FFD4FBD1FD09FBF3FD7F" box="[1032,1097,713,736]" name="South Korea" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">Korea</collectingCountry>
(NIBRPR0000107165).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC4251B8007FFD4FCF0FD29FC3AFCBE" blockId="1.[809,1415,261,1092]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">
<emphasis id="B90FF9098007FFD4FCF0FD29FB73FC9E" bold="true" box="[809,1225,745,769]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">Accession number of SSU rDNA.</emphasis>
KX581241­KX 581242.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36176908007FFD4FCF0FCEAFED6FADD" pageId="1" pageNumber="344" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BC4251B8007FFD4FCF0FCEAFC4FFBDB" blockId="1.[809,1415,261,1092]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">
<emphasis id="B90FF9098007FFD4FCF0FCEAFC26FCDD" bold="true" box="[809,924,810,834]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C7B5E988007FFD4FC7EFCE9FB62FCDE" authorityName="Song" authorityYear="1991" box="[935,1240,809,833]" class="Gymnostomatea" family="Amphileptidae" genus="Amphileptus" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pleurostomatida" pageId="1" pageNumber="344" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="litonotiformis">
<emphasis id="B90FF9098007FFD4FC7EFCE9FB62FCDE" box="[935,1240,809,833]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">Amphileptus litonotiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was originally described by
<bibRefCitation id="EFEA58EA8007FFD4FC60FC8AFB85FCFD" author="Song, W." box="[953,1087,842,866]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344" pagination="300 - 305" refId="ref2676" refString="Song, W. 1991. A new marine ciliate, Amphileptus litonotiformis nov. SP. (Protozoa, Ciliophora). Chin J Oceanol Limn 9: 300 - 305." type="journal article" year="1991">Song (1991)</bibRefCitation>
. Characteristics of the Korean population correspond very well with the Chinese population (
<bibRefCitation id="EFEA58EA8007FFD4FC5AFC4AFBB9FC3D" author="Song, W." box="[899,1027,906,930]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344" pagination="300 - 305" refId="ref2676" refString="Song, W. 1991. A new marine ciliate, Amphileptus litonotiformis nov. SP. (Protozoa, Ciliophora). Chin J Oceanol Limn 9: 300 - 305." type="journal article" year="1991">Song, 1991</bibRefCitation>
) in most respects, such as habitat, body shape and size, the number of nuclei, contractile vacuoles, sutures, somatic kineties. However, the Korean population slightly differs from the Chinese population in the distribution of extrusomes (1/2 of oral region vs. whole oral region).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC4251B8007FFD4FCE6FBACFB53FB1B" blockId="1.[825,1365,1132,1221]" box="[831,1257,1132,1156]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">
Family
<taxonomicName id="4C7B5E988007FFD4FC4BFBACFB53FB1B" authority="Wu et al., 2015" authorityName="Wu" authorityYear="2015" box="[914,1257,1132,1156]" class="Gymnostomatea" family="Kentrophyllidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pleurostomatida" pageId="1" pageNumber="344" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="family">
Kentrophyllidae
<bibRefCitation id="EFEA58EA8007FFD4FB9CFBADFB53FB1B" author="Wu, L. &amp; J. C. Clamp &amp; Z. Yi &amp; J. Li &amp; X. Lin" box="[1093,1257,1132,1156]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344" refId="ref2796" refString="Wu, L., J. C. Clamp, Z. Yi, J. Li and X. Lin. 2015. Phylogenetic and Taxonomic Revision of an Enigmatic Group of Haptorian Ciliates, with Establishment of the Kentrophyllidae fam. n. (Protozoa, Ciliophora, Litostomatea, Pleurostomatida). PLoS One 105: e 0123720." type="journal volume" year="2015">
Wu
<emphasis id="B90FF9098007FFD4FBA8FBADFB1DFB1B" box="[1137,1191,1132,1156]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">et al.</emphasis>
, 2015
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC4251B8007FFD4FCE0FB4DFED6FADD" blockId="1.[825,1365,1132,1221]" lastBlockId="1.[144,1414,1293,1346]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C7B5E988007FFD4FC53FB4CFAEFFB3B" authority="Petz, Song et Wilbert, 1995" authorityName="Petz, Song et Wilbert" authorityYear="1995" box="[906,1365,1164,1189]" class="Gymnostomatea" family="Amphileptidae" genus="Kentrophyllum" kingdom="Chromista" order="Pleurostomatida" pageId="1" pageNumber="344" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90FF9098007FFD4FC53FB4CFB93FB3B" box="[906,1065,1164,1188]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">Kentrophyllum</emphasis>
Petz, Song et Wilbert, 1995
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90FF9098007FFD4FCE6FB71FBA6FB5A" bold="true" box="[831,1052,1201,1221]" pageId="1" pageNumber="344">ṻṄ나șȁ섬AEệṩ</emphasis>
impregnated specimens.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>