117 lines
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117 lines
11 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.139.1308" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d6a55a29-30df-409c-9879-ecff3c19fbb2" ID-PMC="PMC3260909" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-139-45" ID-PubMed="22259309" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-139-45" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 139" ModsDocTitle="A review of Biston Leach, 1815 (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Ennominae) from China, with description of one new species" checkinTime="1451249759556" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Jiang, Nan, Xue, Dayong & Han, Hongxiang" docDate="2011" docId="3367FA77844544859E8582149343908D" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 139: 45-96" docOrigin="ZooKeys 139" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.139.1308" docTitle="Biston robustum Butler 1879" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="57" masterDocId="FFFD4129FFDEFF9C9A7DFF89F61DFFD3" masterDocTitle="A review of Biston Leach, 1815 (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Ennominae) from China, with description of one new species" masterLastPageNumber="96" masterPageNumber="45" pageNumber="56" updateTime="1668152443332" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A review of Biston Leach, 1815 (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Ennominae) from China, with description of one new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Jiang, Nan</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Xue, Dayong</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Han, Hongxiang</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>139</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>45</mods:start>
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<mods:end>96</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.139.1308</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.139.1308</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-139-45</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152031640" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3367FA77844544859E8582149343908D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3367FA77844544859E8582149343908D" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="11" pageNumber="56">
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="56" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="56">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Biston_robustum" authority="Butler, 1879" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1879" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston robustum" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustum">Biston robustum Butler, 1879</taxonomicName>
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Figs 19, 2075102
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="56" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="56">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston robustum" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustum">Biston robustum</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation pageId="11" pageNumber="56">Butler, 1879</bibRefCitation>
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, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (5) 4: 371. Syntype(s), Japan: Yokohama. (BMNH)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="56">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston robustum subsp. kiangsua" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="robustum" subSpecies="kiangsua">Biston robustum kiangsua</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation pageId="11" pageNumber="56">Wehrli, 1941</bibRefCitation>
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, in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde, 4 (Suppl.): 433, pl. 36: b. Holotype ♂, China: Shanghai. (ZFMK) (Treated as a synonym of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston robustum subsp. robustum" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="robustum" subSpecies="robustum">Biston robustum robustum</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation pageId="11" pageNumber="56">Parsons et al. (1999)</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="56">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="11" pageNumber="56">
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The external characters of this species are close to those of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston porphyria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porphyria">Biston porphyria</taxonomicName>
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(Butler, 1889) (India) as follows: the male antennae are bipectinate to tip; greyish brown bands are present basally of the antemedial line of the forewing and distally of the postmedial lines of both wings; the forewing medial line converges with the postmedial line at 1A + 2A; the hindwing postmedial line acutely protrudes between M1 and M3; the submarginal lines of both wings are dark grey. But the species can be distinguished by the following characters: this species (length of forewing: 28-30 mm in male) is larger than
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston porphyria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porphyria">Biston porphyria</taxonomicName>
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; the wings are broader; the hindwing medial line is
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<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="57" start="start">more</pageBreakToken>
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conspicuous. The male genitalia of the species are similar to those of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston betularia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="betularia">Biston betularia</taxonomicName>
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as follows: the apex of the uncus is bifurcated; the median process of the gnathos is about one-half length of the uncus; the juxta is long, narrow, and acute apically. But it can be distinguished from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston betularia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="betularia">Biston betularia</taxonomicName>
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by the longer and narrower valva and the absence of cornuti.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="57" type="material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="57">Material examineds.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="57">
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CHINA, Shanghai (ZFMK): 1♂ (Holotype of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston robustum subsp. kiangsua" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="robustum" subSpecies="kiangsua">Biston robustum kiangsua</taxonomicName>
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). Shandong (IZCAS): Gujiding, 13.IV.1981, 3♂. Jiangsu (IZCAS): Nanjing, Qixiaqu, Yaohuamen, 16.III.2006, coll. Lang Songyun, 3♂. More material from Shaanxi, 2♂ from Taiwan, many from Japan, 2♂ from Korea and many from Vietnam in coll. ZFMK.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="57" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="57">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="57">China (Shandong, Shaanxi, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Taiwan), Japan, Russia, North Korea, South Korea, Vietnam.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="57" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="57">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="57">
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There are two Chinese subspecies of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston robustum" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustum">Biston robustum</taxonomicName>
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, they are
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston robustum subsp. robustum" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="robustum" subSpecies="robustum">Biston robustum robustum</taxonomicName>
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Butler, 1879 and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston robustum subsp. subrobustum" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="robustum" subSpecies="subrobustum">Biston robustum subrobustum</taxonomicName>
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Inoue, 1964 (
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston robustum subsp. subrobustum" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="robustum" subSpecies="subrobustum">Biston robustum subrobustum</taxonomicName>
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Inoue, 1964,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kontyû">Kontyu</normalizedToken>
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, 32 (2): 338, pl. 8, fig. 3. Holotype ♂, Taiwan (central): Puli. (BMNH)). The former is distributed in the mainland China, the latter is distributed in Taiwan. The description of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston robustum subsp. kiangsua" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="robustum" subSpecies="kiangsua">Biston robustum kiangsua</taxonomicName>
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Wehrli was based on a single, rather aberrant specimen, with a single printed label "Shanghai China". Similar forms occur in Japan, as mentioned by Wehrli (1941). So this name very probably does not denote a valid subspecies and it is synonymized correctly.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |