190 lines
22 KiB
XML
190 lines
22 KiB
XML
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<mods:titleInfo id="7608C7863F4C846FC7C6A5290E79883C">
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<mods:title id="B728B460CBFA96AD4AA7281B00D3B612">Muridae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A6562350CE950FC03340DC7BA583C3FE">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DB1F145419D6DFEFB9A1E475624D6018">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B0542C6E0DD4A06E36D09279A363884C">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="BCD2CA25AB8ECD866D68BF0175401FF5">2017</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher id="77EBB33B63FACC89AD03133FD78349DA">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="4D35C25472E71973AC6B47FD00C65650">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:title id="7CEDEF0454ECA6E42411AE5D30EC215F">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83492FF23E16B278677E788AE" box="[92,174,2959,3005]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="962653633492FF23E16B278677E788AE" blockId="180.[91,1059,2959,3044]" box="[92,174,2959,3005]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783">518.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83492FF23E1882786751088AE" box="[191,601,2959,3005]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="962653633492FF23E1882786751088AE" blockId="180.[91,1059,2959,3044]" box="[191,601,2959,3005]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783">
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<vernacularName id="189A234D3492FF23E1882786751088AE" ID-CoL="FRJM" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[191,601,2959,3005]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="witherbyi">Steppe Field Mouse</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83492FF23E3952786734B88AE" box="[674,1026,2959,3005]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="962653633492FF23E3952786734B88AE" blockId="180.[91,1059,2959,3044]" box="[674,1026,2959,3005]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783">
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03492FF23E3952786734B88AE" ID-CoL="FRJM" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[674,1026,2959,3005]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="witherbyi">Apodemus witherbyi</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83492FF23E16C27C6736A88F7" box="[91,1059,3023,3044]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="962653633492FF23E16C27C6736A88F7" blockId="180.[91,1059,2959,3044]" box="[91,1059,3023,3044]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783">
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French:
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<vernacularName id="189A234D3492FF23E18727C6762388F7" ID-CoL="FRJM" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[176,362,3023,3044]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Rodentia" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="witherbyi">Mulot de Witherby</vernacularName>
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/ German:
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<vernacularName id="189A234D3492FF23E0D427C675D588F7" ID-CoL="FRJM" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[483,668,3023,3044]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Rodentia" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="witherbyi">Steppenwaldmaus</vernacularName>
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/ Spanish:
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<vernacularName id="189A234D3492FF23E22127C6736A88F7" ID-CoL="FRJM" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[790,1059,3023,3044]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Rodentia" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="witherbyi">Raton de campo de estepa</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83492FF23E16D201074438F21" box="[90,778,3097,3122]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="962653633492FF23E16D201074438F21" blockId="180.[90,1296,3097,3477]" box="[90,778,3097,3122]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783">
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<emphasis id="A4ED8F713492FF23E16D201077BF8F21" bold="true" box="[90,246,3097,3122]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03492FF23E0352010744C8F21" authority="Thomas, 1902" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1902" box="[258,773,3097,3122]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="sylvaticus" subSpecies="witherbyi">Mus sylvaticus witherbyi Thomas, 1902</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83492FF23E2212010733C8F21" box="[790,1141,3097,3122]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="962653633492FF23E2212010733C8F21" blockId="180.[90,1296,3097,3477]" box="[790,1141,3097,3122]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783">
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<materialsCitation id="26F1593E3492FF23E2212010733C8F21" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3867539308" box="[790,1141,3097,3122]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783">Shul, Fars Province, Iran.</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83492FF23E16C20317ED082AB" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="962653633492FF23E16C20317ED082AB" blockId="180.[90,1296,3097,3477]" lastBlockId="180.[1976,2583,296,677]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783">
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03492FF23E16C2031761F8F49" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[91,342,3128,3162]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="witherbyi">Apodemus witherbyi</taxonomicName>
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has complex taxonomic history. It was originally described as a sub-species of
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03492FF23E1DD205676C28F92" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[234,395,3167,3201]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvaticus">A. sylvaticus</taxonomicName>
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, but morphological and genetic analyses distinguished it, under name
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03492FF23E185208E76778FBA" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[178,318,3207,3241]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arianus">A. arianus</taxonomicName>
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, from previously described taxa (such as
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03492FF23E248208E73668FBA" baseAuthorityName="Ognev" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[895,1071,3207,3241]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fulvipectus">A. fulvipectus</taxonomicName>
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, A. falzfeini, and
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03492FF23E16C20BE766C8FC3" authorityName="Filippucci, Simson & Nevo" authorityYear="1989" box="[91,293,3255,3280]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hermonensis">A. hermonensis</taxonomicName>
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); holotype of
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03492FF23E0C720BE75378FC3" baseAuthorityName="Blanford" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[496,638,3255,3280]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arianus">A. arianus</taxonomicName>
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, however, corresponds to
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03492FF23E2CF20BE73D58FC3" authorityName="Melchior" authorityYear="1834" box="[1016,1180,3255,3280]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flavicollis">A. flavicollis</taxonomicName>
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, so that name witherby: must be used. B. Krystufek and V. Vohralik in 2009 redefined morphoanatomical characters of
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03492FF23E0FF20F4752A8E0C" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[456,611,3325,3359]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="witherbyi">A. witherbyi</taxonomicName>
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compared with A. wralensis for Turkish populations, and Z. Mohammadi and colleagues in 2014 compared them with A. ponticusfor Iranian ones. Molecular phylogeny ofJ. Darvish and colleagues in 2015 showed that
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03492FF23E16C217A77BD8E86" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[91,244,3443,3477]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="witherbyi">A. witherbyi</taxonomicName>
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belongs to the
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03492FF23E0E2217A75118E86" box="[469,600,3443,3477]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Sylvaemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Sylvaemus</taxonomicName>
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group and is sister taxon of subclade containing
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03492FF23E68F2D217F188252" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1811" box="[1976,2129,296,321]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="uralensis">A. uralensis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03492FF23E9562D217E4B8252" authorityName="Melchior" authorityYear="1834" box="[2145,2306,296,321]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flavicollis">A. flavicollis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03492FF23E8262D217EEA8252" baseAuthorityName="Sviridenko" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[2321,2467,296,321]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ponticus">A. ponticus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03492FF23E8842D2170A6827B" authorityName="Barrett-Hamilton" authorityYear="1900" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallipes">A. pallipes</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03492FF23E90B2D427FA3827B" authorityName="Vorontsov, Boyeskorov & Mezhzherin" authorityYear="1992" box="[2108,2282,331,360]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hyrcanicus">A. hyrcanicus</taxonomicName>
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. This species also incudes the recently described
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03492FF23E8792D667D5E8282" authorityName="Darvish, Javidkar & Siahsarvie" authorityYear="2006" box="[2382,2583,367,401]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="avicennicus">A. avicennicus</taxonomicName>
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based on genetic data. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83492FF23E68F2DB47FAA81B6" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" type="distribution">
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||
<caption id="C2E603EB3492FF23E68F2DB47FAA81B6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6888020" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6888020" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6888020/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" startId="180.[1976,2148,445,479]" targetBox="[1361,1953,299,714]" targetPageId="180">
|
||
<paragraph id="962653633492FF23E68F2DB47FAA81B6" blockId="180.[1976,2583,296,677]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783">
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||
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713492FF23E68F2DB47F2182CC" bold="true" box="[1976,2152,445,479]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783">Distribution.</emphasis>
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SE Ukraine (E of Dnieper River), S European Russia, Greece (E Aegean Is of Kos and Rhodes), Turkey (Anatolia), Syria, Lebanon, Israel, NW Jordan, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, N Iran, and W & § Turkmenistan.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83492FF23E68F2EA37EB38079" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="962653633492FF23E68F2EA37EB38079" lastBlockId="180.[1362,2570,730,1505]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783">
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||
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713492FF23E68F2EA37F9F81DF" bold="true" box="[1976,2262,682,716]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 77-110 mm, tail 75-118 mm, ear 14-18 mm, hindfoot 19-24 mm; weight 16-34 g. The Steppe Field Mouse is medium sized and slender. Dorsal pelage yellowish-brown to wood-brown, sharply delimited white underparts. Tail is bicolored, equal or slightly longer (c.103%) than head-body. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 48, FNa = 46.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83492FF23E4642F6671FB873C" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="962653633492FF23E4642F6671FB873C" blockId="180.[1362,2570,730,1505]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783">
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<emphasis id="A4ED8F713492FF23E4642F66728A8082" bold="true" box="[1363,1475,879,913]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783">Habitat.</emphasis>
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The Steppe Field Mouse can live in wide variety of environments. In Turkey it has been found both in open habitats and in cedar forests, as well as in shrublands and degraded forest. It needs shrub cover as well as some rocky areas in open grasslands (
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03492FF23E4572FE072958715" box="[1376,1500,1001,1030]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Artemisia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Artemisia</taxonomicName>
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[
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03492FF23E4C62FE071C28715" box="[1521,1675,1001,1030]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
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] —
|
||
<taxonomicName id="519928E03492FF23E7822FE070448715" box="[1717,1805,1001,1030]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Pistacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Pistacia</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<taxonomicName id="519928E03492FF23E6162FE070B08715" box="[1825,2041,1001,1030]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Anacardiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
], Amygdalus [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="519928E03492FF23E9852FE07E7C8715" box="[2226,2357,1001,1030]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
| steppes) and is found at up to 2800 m.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83492FF23E463283D7FAF87B6" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="962653633492FF23E463283D7FAF87B6" blockId="180.[1362,2570,730,1505]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783">
|
||
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713492FF23E463283D71148745" bold="true" box="[1364,1629,1076,1110]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
The Steppe Field Mouse is an omnivorous species, but food consists predominantly of seeds and acorns, followed by fruits, flowers, stems, mushrooms, insects, snails, and earthworms, all theses in variable proportions.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83492FF23E46328A67EDA87E7" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="962653633492FF23E46328A67EDA87E7" blockId="180.[1362,2570,730,1505]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783">
|
||
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713492FF23E46328A6729387DF" bold="true" box="[1364,1498,1199,1228]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Reproduction may be more common in spring and summer. Litter size, estimated from numbers of embryos and placental scars, is 1-7 (average 4-5).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83492FF23E46528F07FAC8608" box="[1362,2277,1273,1307]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="962653633492FF23E46528F07FAC8608" blockId="180.[1362,2570,730,1505]" box="[1362,2277,1273,1307]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783">
|
||
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713492FF23E46528F071778608" bold="true" box="[1362,1598,1273,1307]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Steppe Field Mice are nocturnal and terrestrial.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83492FF23E46329287E498650" box="[1364,2304,1313,1347]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="962653633492FF23E46329287E498650" blockId="180.[1362,2570,730,1505]" box="[1364,2304,1313,1347]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783">
|
||
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713492FF23E46329287F588650" bold="true" box="[1364,2065,1313,1347]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
No information.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83492FF23E46329417E398679" box="[1364,2416,1352,1386]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="962653633492FF23E46329417E398679" blockId="180.[1362,2570,730,1505]" box="[1364,2416,1352,1386]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783">
|
||
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713492FF23E463294171F88679" bold="true" box="[1364,1713,1352,1386]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red Last.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83492FF23E462297171E586F2" pageId="180" pageNumber="783" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="962653633492FF23E462297171E586F2" blockId="180.[1362,2570,730,1505]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783">
|
||
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713492FF23E462297172A78682" bold="true" box="[1365,1518,1400,1425]" pageId="180" pageNumber="783">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Aulagnier et al. (2009), Darvish, Javidkar & Siahsarvie (2006), Darvish, Mohammadi et al. (2015), Krystufek & Vohralik (2009), Mohammadi et al. (2014), Musser & Carleton (2005), Musser et al. (1996), Naser; et al. (2007), Orlov et al. (1996).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |