176 lines
21 KiB
XML
176 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document id="DD3B09E965B98DA0144C9A83D1C0AA9D" ID-CLB-Dataset="100954" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6887260" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a016af63-6437-427b-80b7-22bc9a002e20" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-04-6" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6887260" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1656696812616" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier & Thomas E. Lacher, Jr" docDate="2017" docId="1E30E275345FFFEDE46426CB72128474" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_7_Muridae_0536.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Xeromys myoides Thomas 1889" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="722" masterDocId="E2099A0D3426FF97E1372C0977498313" masterDocTitle="Muridae" masterLastPageNumber="884" masterPageNumber="536" pageNumber="721" updateTime="1718983125921" updateUser="carolina">
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<mods:mods id="903692C2EAB69EC98AD06A54A214C14F" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="55C8CFF3195025F73DDA6404AAA83D45">
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<mods:title id="8115D04682F6C4188795030D3BAA63D4">Muridae</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="B4472339F3749CB81F7C58EC63172D8C" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="C16A7058AFE2C08D6BF8DE5E359C0AE8">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="68E036E3943179C7FCEE896DC87D4546">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C922D80F7FE3E30013F92A2504FB3DE2">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="AD0CA036DEF0BFAB5ADBB4E30D1040D3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="3480C634DC2D463D7C9DE41BD7F2508A">2017</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="FAD918CFA7517D9F0EF4C772C77250A2" type="pubDate">2017-11-30</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="E9CAA3E8EF1D00C0661A00163C6C0AE8">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="F05BD862103CF6E85BF31DB939530C1E">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:title id="00A9DDD6D9C186F97A72DDFE24C93092">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II</mods:title>
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<treatment id="1E30E275345FFFEDE46426CB72128474" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6808320" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197826385" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6808320" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E30E275345FFFEDE46426CB72128474" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E30E275345FFFEDE46426CB72128474" lastPageId="122" lastPageNumber="722" pageId="121" pageNumber="721">
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E8345FFFEEE46426CB72EC89E3" box="[1363,1445,2754,2800]" pageId="121" pageNumber="721" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="96265363345FFFEEE46426CB72EC89E3" blockId="121.[1362,2252,2754,2879]" box="[1363,1445,2754,2800]" pageId="121" pageNumber="721">
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<heading id="CD6EE40F345FFFEEE46426CB72EC89E3" box="[1363,1445,2754,2800]" pageId="121" pageNumber="721">
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<figureCitation id="0EA24FE6345FFFEEE46426CB72EC89E3" box="[1363,1445,2754,2800]" captionStart="Plate 43: Muridae" captionStartId="115.[89,119,3263,3284]" captionTargetBox="[11,2721,14,3649]" captionTargetPageId="114" captionText="315. Black-tailed Giant Rat (Uromys anak), 316. Biak Island Giant Rat (Uromys boeadii), 317. Emma’s Giant Rat (Uromys emmae), 318. New Britain Island Giant Rat (Uromys neobritannicus), 319. Great Key Island Giant Rat (Uromys siebersi), 320. Vangunu Giant Rat (Uromys vika), 321. Emperor Giant Rat (Uromys imperator), 322. Guadalcanal Giant Rat (Uromys porculus), 323. King Giant Rat (Uromys rex), 324. White-tailed Giant Rat (Uromys caudimaculatus), 325. Masked White-tailed Giant Rat (Uromys hadrourus), 326. Rock-dwelling Giant Rat (Xenuromys barbatus), 327. Poncelet’s Giant Rat (Solomys ponceleti), 328. Ugi Island Giant Rat (Solomys salamonais), 329. Bougainville Island Giant Rat (Solomys salebrosus), 330. Isabel Island Giant Rat (Solomys sapientis), 331. Brush-tailed Rabbit Rat (Conilurus penicillatus), 332. False Water Rat (Xeromys myoudes), 333. Central Short-tailed Mouse (Leggadina forresti), 334. Northern Short-tailed Mouse (Leggadina lakedownensis), 335. Greater Stick-nest Rat (Leporillus conditor), 336. Australian Broad-toothed Rat (Mastacomys fuscus), 337. Black-footed Tree Rat (Mesembriomys gould), 338. Golden-backed Tree Rat (Mesembriomys macrurus), 339. Spinifex Hopping Mouse (Notomys alexis), 340. Northern Hopping Mouse (Notomys aquilo), 341. Fawn Hopping Mouse (Notomys cervinus), 342. Dusky Hopping Mouse (Notomys fuscus), 343. Mitchell's Hopping Mouse (Notomys mitchellii)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6887628" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6887628/files/figure.png" pageId="121" pageNumber="721">332.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E8345FFFEEE48126CB71B189E3" box="[1462,1784,2754,2800]" pageId="121" pageNumber="721" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="96265363345FFFEEE48126CB71B189E3" blockId="121.[1362,2252,2754,2879]" box="[1462,1784,2754,2800]" pageId="121" pageNumber="721">
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<heading id="CD6EE40F345FFFEEE48126CB71B189E3" box="[1462,1784,2754,2800]" pageId="121" pageNumber="721">
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<vernacularName id="189A234D345FFFEEE48126CB71B189E3" ID-CoL="5CD4P" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1889" box="[1462,1784,2754,2800]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Xeromys" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="121" pageNumber="721" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myoides">False Water Rat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E8345FFFEEE61C26CB7F1789E3" box="[1835,2142,2754,2800]" pageId="121" pageNumber="721" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="96265363345FFFEEE61C26CB7F1789E3" blockId="121.[1362,2252,2754,2879]" box="[1835,2142,2754,2800]" pageId="121" pageNumber="721">
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<heading id="CD6EE40F345FFFEEE61C26CB7F1789E3" box="[1835,2142,2754,2800]" pageId="121" pageNumber="721">
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<taxonomicName id="519928E0345FFFEEE61C26CB7F1789E3" ID-CoL="5CD4P" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1889" box="[1835,2142,2754,2800]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Xeromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="121" pageNumber="721" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myoides">
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<emphasis id="A4ED8F71345FFFEEE61C26CB7F1789E3" box="[1835,2142,2754,2800]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="721">Xeromys myoides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E8345FFFEEE465270B70DC882C" pageId="121" pageNumber="721" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="96265363345FFFEEE465270B7F858804" blockId="121.[1362,2252,2754,2879]" box="[1362,2252,2818,2839]" pageId="121" pageNumber="721">
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<heading id="CD6EE40F345FFFEEE465270B7F858804" box="[1362,2252,2818,2839]" pageId="121" pageNumber="721">
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<emphasis id="A4ED8F71345FFFEEE465270B72D78804" bold="true" box="[1362,1438,2818,2839]" pageId="121" pageNumber="721">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="189A234D345FFFEEE49F270B712E8804" ID-CoL="5CD4P" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1889" box="[1448,1639,2818,2839]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Xeromys" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Rodentia" pageId="121" pageNumber="721" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myoides">Rat des mangroves</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="A4ED8F71345FFFEEE74B270B719E8804" bold="true" box="[1660,1751,2818,2839]" pageId="121" pageNumber="721">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="189A234D345FFFEEE7D6270B708A8804" ID-CoL="5CD4P" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1889" box="[1761,1987,2818,2839]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Xeromys" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Rodentia" pageId="121" pageNumber="721" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myoides">Falsche Schwimmratte</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="A4ED8F71345FFFEEE6EF270B7F7A8804" bold="true" box="[2008,2099,2818,2839]" pageId="121" pageNumber="721">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="189A234D345FFFEEE909270B7F858804" ID-CoL="5CD4P" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1889" box="[2110,2252,2818,2839]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Xeromys" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Rodentia" pageId="121" pageNumber="721" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myoides">Raton de agua</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="96265363345FFFEEE465272370DC882C" blockId="121.[1362,2252,2754,2879]" box="[1362,1941,2858,2879]" pageId="121" pageNumber="721">
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<heading id="CD6EE40F345FFFEEE465272370DC882C" box="[1362,1941,2858,2879]" pageId="121" pageNumber="721">
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<emphasis id="A4ED8F71345FFFEEE46527237100882C" bold="true" box="[1362,1609,2858,2879]" pageId="121" pageNumber="721">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="189A234D345FFFEEE76427237048882C" ID-CoL="5CD4P" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1889" box="[1619,1793,2858,2879]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Xeromys" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="121" pageNumber="721" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myoides">False Swamp Rat</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="189A234D345FFFEEE63B272370DC882C" ID-CoL="5CD4P" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1889" box="[1804,1941,2858,2879]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Xeromys" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="121" pageNumber="721" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myoides">Water Mouse</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E8345FFFEEE68127607D4D8898" box="[1974,2564,2921,2955]" pageId="121" pageNumber="721" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="96265363345FFFEEE68127607D4D8898" blockId="121.[1974,2568,2921,3348]" box="[1974,2564,2921,2955]" pageId="121" pageNumber="721">
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<emphasis id="A4ED8F71345FFFEEE68127607F188898" bold="true" box="[1974,2129,2921,2955]" pageId="121" pageNumber="721">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="519928E0345FFFEEE96827607EB68898" ID-CoL="5CD4P" authority="Thomas, 1889" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1889" box="[2143,2559,2921,2955]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Xeromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="121" pageNumber="721" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myoides">Xeromys myoides Thomas, 1889</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E8345FFFEEE68027987EF888A0" box="[1975,2481,2961,2995]" pageId="121" pageNumber="721" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="96265363345FFFEEE68027987EF888A0" blockId="121.[1974,2568,2921,3348]" box="[1975,2481,2961,2995]" pageId="121" pageNumber="721">
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<materialsCitation id="26F1593E345FFFEEE68027987EF888A0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3864424902" box="[1975,2481,2961,2995]" pageId="121" pageNumber="721">Port Mackay, Queensland, Australia.</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E8345FFFEEE68F27B17F1C8FFD" pageId="121" pageNumber="721" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="96265363345FFFEEE68F27B17F1C8FFD" blockId="121.[1974,2568,2921,3348]" pageId="121" pageNumber="721">
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<taxonomicName id="519928E0345FFFEEE68F27B17F5788C9" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1889" box="[1976,2078,3000,3034]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Xeromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="121" pageNumber="721" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Xeromys</taxonomicName>
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has been found to be sister to Pseu- dohydromys, although further genetic re- search is needed. Although no subspecies of
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<taxonomicName id="519928E0345FFFEEE6E920267F2D8F42" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1889" box="[2014,2148,3119,3153]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Xeromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="121" pageNumber="721" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myoides">X. myoides</taxonomicName>
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have been described, there is substantial morphological variation across this species’ range for which taxonomic implications have not yet been resolved. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E8345FFFEEE68020FB70038E9E" pageId="121" pageNumber="721" type="distribution">
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<caption id="C2E603EB345FFFEEE68020FB70038E9E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6887600" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6887600" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6887600/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="721" startId="121.[1364,1457,3355,3389]" targetBox="[1360,1952,2936,3351]" targetPageId="121">
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<paragraph id="96265363345FFFEEE68020FB70038E9E" blockId="121.[1974,2568,2921,3348]" lastBlockId="121.[1364,2567,3355,3469]" pageId="121" pageNumber="721">
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<emphasis id="A4ED8F71345FFFEEE68020FB7F218E07" bold="true" box="[1975,2152,3314,3348]" pageId="121" pageNumber="721">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Highly fragmented around coastal N & E Australia from the Daly River in NW Northern Territory to SE Queensland, including Melville I, Fraser I, Bribie I, North Stradbroke I and South Stradbroke I; few records also in S New Guinea.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E8345CFFEDE1832D2872158053" pageId="122" pageNumber="722" type="description">
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<paragraph id="96265363345CFFEDE1832D2872158053" blockId="122.[175,1385,260,1902]" pageId="122" pageNumber="722">
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<emphasis id="A4ED8F71345CFFEDE1832D2876E7822D" bold="true" box="[180,430,289,318]" pageId="122" pageNumber="722">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 72-130 mm, tail 62-100 mm, ear 10-15 mm, hindfoot 23-26 mm; weight 32-64 g. The False Water Ratis a distinctive species of rat with small eyes and short, dense, and silky fur. Dorsal pelage is lustrous and ranges in color from slate gray to grayish brown, generally being a little darker along the middle of the back. On Stradbroke Island, they usually have white specks on the dorsal pelage. Ventral pelage is pure white and sharply demarcated from dorsal pelage. Ears are small and rounded, being well furred and silvery gray near the ends and pink internally. Vibrissae are relatively long. Feet are white and nearly naked; hindfeet are elongated. Forefeet with five pads and hindfeet with six pads. Pollex with a short, broad nail instead of a claw is in the other four digits. Tail is shorter (¢.80%) than head-body length, thinly covered in short white hairs, smooth, and pale whitish in color. The species is known to have a strong, pungent musty smell. Skull with two molars in each of the upper and lower rows, a smoothly convex interorbital region, a short anterior palatine foramin, long incisors, and longer nasals than in
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<taxonomicName id="519928E0345CFFEDE3D42F17743D8053" box="[739,884,798,832]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Hydromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="122" pageNumber="722" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Hydromys</taxonomicName>
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. Diploid number 2n = 48; FN = 52.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E8345CFFEDE1852F4C76AA809E" pageId="122" pageNumber="722" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="96265363345CFFEDE1852F4C76AA809E" blockId="122.[175,1385,260,1902]" pageId="122" pageNumber="722">
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<emphasis id="A4ED8F71345CFFEDE1852F4C76688074" bold="true" box="[178,289,837,871]" pageId="122" pageNumber="722">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Restricted to freshwater and saline wetlands, mangroves, and floodplain grasslands and sedgelands.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E8345CFFEDE1852F9D75878742" pageId="122" pageNumber="722" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph id="96265363345CFFEDE1852F9D75878742" blockId="122.[175,1385,260,1902]" pageId="122" pageNumber="722">
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<emphasis id="A4ED8F71345CFFEDE1852F9D768B80A5" bold="true" box="[178,450,916,950]" pageId="122" pageNumber="722">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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The False Water Rat forages on the ground, in tidal flats, and around water’s edge (often following receding tide in mangrove habitats). Its diet consists mostly of invertebrates, including crabs, pulmonates, and mollusks. It often consumes its prey in sheltered areas such as hollow logs, and may leave “middens” of prey remnants at favored feeding sites.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E8345CFFEDE1862851732B8769" box="[177,1122,1112,1146]" pageId="122" pageNumber="722" type="breeding">
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<paragraph id="96265363345CFFEDE1862851732B8769" blockId="122.[175,1385,260,1902]" box="[177,1122,1112,1146]" pageId="122" pageNumber="722">
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<emphasis id="A4ED8F71345CFFEDE186285176718769" bold="true" box="[177,312,1112,1146]" pageId="122" pageNumber="722">Breeding.</emphasis>
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Reproduction occurs all year-round, and litter size is 1-4.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E8345CFFEDE187288974C68675" pageId="122" pageNumber="722" type="activity">
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<paragraph id="96265363345CFFEDE187288974C68675" blockId="122.[175,1385,260,1902]" pageId="122" pageNumber="722">
|
||
<emphasis id="A4ED8F71345CFFEDE187288976D687B1" bold="true" box="[176,415,1152,1186]" pageId="122" pageNumber="722">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Terrestrial and nocturnal. The False Water Rat is semi-aquatic, although it rarely swims. It uses mud to construct amound up to at least 60 cm tall, in which it creates a maze of tunnels, including a nesting chamber. These mounds are used for shelter during day, and sometimes at night when high tides inundate surrounding area. In some situations,it shelters in burrows established in natural earth banks, or mud structures around hollow tree trunks.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="DE8300E8345CFFEDE187297C74CA8538" pageId="122" pageNumber="722" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="96265363345CFFEDE187297C74CA8538" blockId="122.[175,1385,260,1902]" pageId="122" pageNumber="722">
|
||
<emphasis id="A4ED8F71345CFFEDE187297C7426869D" bold="true" box="[176,879,1397,1422]" pageId="122" pageNumber="722">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
False Water Rats are sedentary, but radio-tracking studies have reported individuals traveling nearly 3 km per night, often along well-used pathways; home range size 0-6 ha in one study and 3-4 ha in another. Mound nests may hold up to eight occupants, but typically with one adult male, more than one adult female, and subadults and juveniles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="DE8300E8345CFFEDE1872A38737185E2" pageId="122" pageNumber="722" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="96265363345CFFEDE1872A38737185E2" blockId="122.[175,1385,260,1902]" pageId="122" pageNumber="722">
|
||
<emphasis id="A4ED8F71345CFFEDE1872A38755F8540" bold="true" box="[176,534,1585,1619]" pageId="122" pageNumber="722">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
CITES Appendix I. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. The False Water Ratis listed as vulnerable under Australian legislation. Large parts of its range have suffered habitat degradation through coastal development, inundation associated with global climate change, and impacts of livestock and feral animals; it is also subject to predation by feral pigs and feral cats.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="DE8300E8345CFFEDE1872AF672128474" pageId="122" pageNumber="722" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="96265363345CFFEDE1872AF672128474" blockId="122.[175,1385,260,1902]" pageId="122" pageNumber="722">
|
||
<emphasis id="A4ED8F71345CFFEDE1872AF67600840B" bold="true" box="[176,329,1791,1816]" pageId="122" pageNumber="722">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Ball (2004), Gynther (2011), Hitchcock (1998), Magnusson et al. (1976), Redhead & McKean (1975), Russell & Hale (2009), Traill et al. (2011), Van Dyck (1997), Van Dyck & Gynther (2003), Van Dyck & Strahan (2008), Watts & Aslin (1981), Woinarski, Brennan etal. (2000), Woinarski, Burbidge & Harrison (2014).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |