193 lines
22 KiB
XML
193 lines
22 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="E6EDAD6263D9E51B0D7A021CA93C72BB">Muridae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="85175A02122CE87783A01D7A847E90D1">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8A6904D2A08B213F1CD0E4344C275A90">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0361FFA88D0A37649D6BED5555C6F621">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="0C77D9389C8B1403F976638153EF28AE">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II</mods:title>
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<treatment id="1E30E2753450FFE0E49A2621761C8683" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6788261" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197826453" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6788261" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E30E2753450FFE0E49A2621761C8683" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E30E2753450FFE0E49A2621761C8683" lastPageId="119" lastPageNumber="719" pageId="118" pageNumber="718">
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<paragraph id="962653633450FFE1E49A262172B68949" blockId="118.[1451,2488,2600,2729]" box="[1453,1535,2600,2650]" pageId="118" pageNumber="718">
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<heading id="CD6EE40F3450FFE1E49A262172B68949" box="[1453,1535,2600,2650]" pageId="118" pageNumber="718">
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<figureCitation id="0EA24FE63450FFE1E49A262172B68949" box="[1453,1535,2600,2650]" captionStart="Plate 43: Muridae" captionStartId="115.[89,119,3263,3284]" captionTargetBox="[11,2721,14,3649]" captionTargetPageId="114" captionText="315. Black-tailed Giant Rat (Uromys anak), 316. Biak Island Giant Rat (Uromys boeadii), 317. Emma’s Giant Rat (Uromys emmae), 318. New Britain Island Giant Rat (Uromys neobritannicus), 319. Great Key Island Giant Rat (Uromys siebersi), 320. Vangunu Giant Rat (Uromys vika), 321. Emperor Giant Rat (Uromys imperator), 322. Guadalcanal Giant Rat (Uromys porculus), 323. King Giant Rat (Uromys rex), 324. White-tailed Giant Rat (Uromys caudimaculatus), 325. Masked White-tailed Giant Rat (Uromys hadrourus), 326. Rock-dwelling Giant Rat (Xenuromys barbatus), 327. Poncelet’s Giant Rat (Solomys ponceleti), 328. Ugi Island Giant Rat (Solomys salamonais), 329. Bougainville Island Giant Rat (Solomys salebrosus), 330. Isabel Island Giant Rat (Solomys sapientis), 331. Brush-tailed Rabbit Rat (Conilurus penicillatus), 332. False Water Rat (Xeromys myoudes), 333. Central Short-tailed Mouse (Leggadina forresti), 334. Northern Short-tailed Mouse (Leggadina lakedownensis), 335. Greater Stick-nest Rat (Leporillus conditor), 336. Australian Broad-toothed Rat (Mastacomys fuscus), 337. Black-footed Tree Rat (Mesembriomys gould), 338. Golden-backed Tree Rat (Mesembriomys macrurus), 339. Spinifex Hopping Mouse (Notomys alexis), 340. Northern Hopping Mouse (Notomys aquilo), 341. Fawn Hopping Mouse (Notomys cervinus), 342. Dusky Hopping Mouse (Notomys fuscus), 343. Mitchell's Hopping Mouse (Notomys mitchellii)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6887628" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6887628/files/figure.png" pageId="118" pageNumber="718">326.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83450FFE1E73826217F408949" box="[1551,2057,2600,2650]" pageId="118" pageNumber="718" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="962653633450FFE1E73826217F408949" blockId="118.[1451,2488,2600,2729]" box="[1551,2057,2600,2650]" pageId="118" pageNumber="718">
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<heading id="CD6EE40F3450FFE1E73826217F408949" box="[1551,2057,2600,2650]" pageId="118" pageNumber="718">
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<vernacularName id="189A234D3450FFE1E73826217F408949" ID-CoL="5CBXV" baseAuthorityName="Milne-Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[1551,2057,2600,2650]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Xenuromys" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="118" pageNumber="718" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barbatus">Rock-dwelling Giant Rat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83450FFE1E90B263C7EF18948" box="[2108,2488,2613,2651]" pageId="118" pageNumber="718" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="962653633450FFE1E90B263C7EF18948" blockId="118.[1451,2488,2600,2729]" box="[2108,2488,2613,2651]" pageId="118" pageNumber="718">
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<heading id="CD6EE40F3450FFE1E90B263C7EF18948" box="[2108,2488,2613,2651]" pageId="118" pageNumber="718">
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03450FFE1E90B263C7EF18948" ID-CoL="5CBXV" baseAuthorityName="Milne-Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[2108,2488,2613,2651]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Xenuromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="118" pageNumber="718" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barbatus">
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<emphasis id="A4ED8F713450FFE1E90B263C7EF18948" box="[2108,2488,2613,2651]" italics="true" pageId="118" pageNumber="718">Xenuromys barbatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83450FFE1E49B26647E7889BA" pageId="118" pageNumber="718" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="962653633450FFE1E49B26647E038991" blockId="118.[1451,2488,2600,2729]" box="[1452,2378,2669,2690]" pageId="118" pageNumber="718">
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<heading id="CD6EE40F3450FFE1E49B26647E038991" box="[1452,2378,2669,2690]" pageId="118" pageNumber="718">
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<emphasis id="A4ED8F713450FFE1E49B266472BE8991" bold="true" box="[1452,1527,2669,2690]" pageId="118" pageNumber="718">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="189A234D3450FFE1E736266471168991" ID-CoL="5CBXV" baseAuthorityName="Milne-Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[1537,1631,2669,2690]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Xenuromys" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Rodentia" pageId="118" pageNumber="718" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barbatus">Rat barbu</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="A4ED8F713450FFE1E743266471878991" bold="true" box="[1652,1742,2669,2690]" pageId="118" pageNumber="718">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="189A234D3450FFE1E7EF26647F4B8991" ID-CoL="5CBXV" baseAuthorityName="Milne-Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[1752,2050,2669,2690]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Xenuromys" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="118" pageNumber="718" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barbatus">
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<vernacularName id="189A234D3450FFE1E7EF266470028991" ID-CoL="5CBXV" baseAuthorityName="Milne-Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[1752,1867,2669,2690]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Xenuromys" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Rodentia" pageId="118" pageNumber="718" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barbatus">Neuguinea-\</vernacularName>
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WeilRschwanzratte
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</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="A4ED8F713450FFE1E92F26647F3A8991" bold="true" box="[2072,2163,2669,2690]" pageId="118" pageNumber="718">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="189A234D3450FFE1E94A26647E038991" ID-CoL="5CBXV" baseAuthorityName="Milne-Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[2173,2378,2669,2690]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Xenuromys" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Rodentia" pageId="118" pageNumber="718" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barbatus">Rata gigante de roca</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="962653633450FFE1E49C269D7E7889BA" blockId="118.[1451,2488,2600,2729]" box="[1451,2353,2708,2729]" pageId="118" pageNumber="718">
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<heading id="CD6EE40F3450FFE1E49C269D7E7889BA" box="[1451,2353,2708,2729]" pageId="118" pageNumber="718">
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<emphasis id="A4ED8F713450FFE1E49C269D71EB89BA" bold="true" box="[1451,1698,2708,2729]" pageId="118" pageNumber="718">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="189A234D3450FFE1E79B269D700989BA" ID-CoL="5CBXV" baseAuthorityName="Milne-Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[1708,1856,2708,2729]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Xenuromys" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="118" pageNumber="718" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barbatus">Mimic Tree Rat</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="189A234D3450FFE1E678269D7F4889BA" ID-CoL="5CBXV" baseAuthorityName="Milne-Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[1871,2049,2708,2729]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Xenuromys" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="118" pageNumber="718" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barbatus">Rock-dwelling Rat</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="189A234D3450FFE1E93B269D7E7889BA" ID-CoL="5CBXV" baseAuthorityName="Milne-Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[2060,2353,2708,2729]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Xenuromys" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="118" pageNumber="718" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barbatus">White-tailed New Guinea Rat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83450FFE1E93926E97F118833" pageId="118" pageNumber="718" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="962653633450FFE1E93926E97F118833" blockId="118.[2061,2656,2784,3203]" pageId="118" pageNumber="718">
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<emphasis id="A4ED8F713450FFE1E93926E97FE089EA" bold="true" box="[2062,2217,2784,2809]" pageId="118" pageNumber="718">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03450FFE1E98926E97F1A8833" authority="Milne-Edwards, 1900" authorityName="Milne-Edwards" authorityYear="1900" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="118" pageNumber="718" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barbatus">Mus barbatus Milne-Edwards, 1900</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83450FFE1E947270A7E8C8854" pageId="118" pageNumber="718" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="962653633450FFE1E947270A7E8C8854" blockId="118.[2061,2656,2784,3203]" pageId="118" pageNumber="718">
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<materialsCitation id="26F1593E3450FFE1E947270A7E8C8854" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3864424393" pageId="118" pageNumber="718">“Nouvelle-Guinée méridionale[= southern Papua New Guinea].”</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83450FFE1E93A27447FEC8FBB" pageId="118" pageNumber="718" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="962653633450FFE1E93A27447D148F90" blockId="118.[2061,2656,2784,3203]" pageId="118" pageNumber="718">
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Although
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03450FFE1E99F27447E7B887C" authorityName="Tate & Archbold" authorityYear="1941" box="[2216,2354,2893,2927]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Xenuromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="118" pageNumber="718" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Xenuromys</taxonomicName>
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has generally been regarded as morphologically close to
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03450FFE1EB1A277C7F7788AD" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Uromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="118" pageNumber="718" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Uromys</taxonomicName>
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, studies on sperm morphology by W. G. Breed and K. P. Aplin in 1995 point to relationship to the
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03450FFE1E81D27E27EFC8F1E" box="[2346,2485,3051,3085]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Pogonomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="118" pageNumber="718" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pogonomys</taxonomicName>
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division, as treated in G. G. Musser and M. D. Carleton in 2005. This allocation is provisional, until phylogenetic analyses clarify relation-
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="962653633450FFE1E49E20827FEC8FBB" blockId="118.[1448,2653,3211,3477]" box="[1449,2213,3211,3240]" pageId="118" pageNumber="718">ships. X. guba is here treated as a synonym. Monotypic.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83450FFE1E49E20BE7D6F8E55" pageId="118" pageNumber="718" type="distribution">
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<caption id="C2E603EB3450FFE1E49E20BE7D6F8E55" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6887588" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6887588" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6887588/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="118" pageNumber="718" startId="118.[1449,1617,3255,3280]" targetBox="[1448,2038,2787,3200]" targetPageId="118">
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<paragraph id="962653633450FFE1E49E20BE7D6F8E55" blockId="118.[1448,2653,3211,3477]" pageId="118" pageNumber="718">
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<emphasis id="A4ED8F713450FFE1E49E20BE711C8FC3" bold="true" box="[1449,1621,3255,3280]" pageId="118" pageNumber="718">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Known from scattered localities in New Guinea, including the Central Range from Taritatu River E to Mt Dayman and the Torricelli Mts; possibly present across entire island of New Guinea in preferred habitat. It was found in Pleistocene archaeological sites on the Ayamaru Plateau, C Bird’s Head (= Vogelkop), NW New Guinea.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83450FFE0E49F215877BA81B0" lastPageId="119" lastPageNumber="719" pageId="118" pageNumber="718" type="description">
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<paragraph id="962653633450FFE0E49F215877BA81B0" blockId="118.[1448,2653,3211,3477]" lastBlockId="119.[81,1298,254,1427]" lastPageId="119" lastPageNumber="719" pageId="118" pageNumber="718">
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<emphasis id="A4ED8F713450FFE1E49F215871ED8E7D" bold="true" box="[1448,1700,3409,3438]" pageId="118" pageNumber="718">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 275-340 mm, tail 220-284 mm, ear 25-36 mm, hindfoot 58-66 mm; weight 900-1100 g. This giant rat is externally similar to the Whitetailed Giant Rat (
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03451FFE0E07D2D1675CF8252" baseAuthorityName="Krefft" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[330,646,287,321]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Uromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="119" pageNumber="719" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caudimaculatus">Uromys caudimaculatus</taxonomicName>
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), but distinguished by shorter tail, larger tail scales, smaller and narrower head, more grayish upperparts, and very long vibrissae. Upperparts are reddish brown or grizzled grayish (guba); underparts are buffy or white (guba), with a tint of light cinnamon on neck and throat. Hands and feet are scantily haired, appearing naked, white. Ears are small, but not concealed in the fur, naked and fuscous. Tail is fuscous on basal half, and white on distal half; tail scales are set in overlapping rings, quite different from mosaic-patterned scales of
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03451FFE0E2C82E027313813E" box="[1023,1114,523,557]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Uromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="119" pageNumber="719" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Uromys</taxonomicName>
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; three small hairs per scale. Skull is like that of
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03451FFE0E3772E3A75D38146" box="[576,666,563,597]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Uromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="119" pageNumber="719" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Uromys</taxonomicName>
|
||
, less massive, with small supraorbital ridges, and small bullae as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="519928E03451FFE0E0942E5376B7816F" box="[419,510,602,636]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Uromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="119" pageNumber="719" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Uromys</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Mammae count is unknown; all reported specimens were males.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83451FFE0E1652EA076BF8008" pageId="119" pageNumber="719" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="962653633451FFE0E1652EA076BF8008" blockId="119.[81,1298,254,1427]" pageId="119" pageNumber="719">
|
||
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713451FFE0E1652EA0778881D8" bold="true" box="[82,193,681,715]" pageId="119" pageNumber="719">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Rocky habitats, in hilly or montane areas of broadleaf evergreen forest, at elevations of 0—-1600 m. Many of the recent records appear to be associated with karst outcrops or other rocky areas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83451FFE0E1652F1674CD807A" pageId="119" pageNumber="719" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="962653633451FFE0E1652F1674CD807A" blockId="119.[81,1298,254,1427]" pageId="119" pageNumber="719">
|
||
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713451FFE0E1652F1676118052" bold="true" box="[82,344,799,833]" pageId="119" pageNumber="719">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
The Rock-dwelling Giant Rat apparently feeds on soft fruits, seeds, and insects. One stomach was full of pulpy rainforest fruit.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83451FFE0E1652F7A76818083" box="[82,456,883,912]" pageId="119" pageNumber="719" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="962653633451FFE0E1652F7A76818083" blockId="119.[81,1298,254,1427]" box="[82,456,883,912]" pageId="119" pageNumber="719">
|
||
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713451FFE0E1652F7A77908083" bold="true" box="[82,217,883,912]" pageId="119" pageNumber="719">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
No information.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83451FFE0E1662F9F73D580AB" box="[81,1180,918,952]" pageId="119" pageNumber="719" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="962653633451FFE0E1662F9F73D580AB" blockId="119.[81,1298,254,1427]" box="[81,1180,918,952]" pageId="119" pageNumber="719">
|
||
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713451FFE0E1662F9F767580AB" bold="true" box="[81,316,918,952]" pageId="119" pageNumber="719">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Rock-dwelling Giant Rats are possibly diurnal and nocturnal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83451FFE0E1642FC874028747" pageId="119" pageNumber="719" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="962653633451FFE0E1642FC874028747" blockId="119.[81,1298,254,1427]" pageId="119" pageNumber="719">
|
||
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713451FFE0E1642FC8745880CD" bold="true" box="[83,785,961,990]" pageId="119" pageNumber="719">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
Three males were captured during the afternoon in their lairs in rocky outcrops in dense rainforest in the Yapsiei area, Sandaun Province, in north-west Papua New Guinea. They attempted to escape by running along ground, rather than by climbing in to tree.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83451FFE0E164285274798609" pageId="119" pageNumber="719" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="962653633451FFE0E164285274798609" blockId="119.[81,1298,254,1427]" pageId="119" pageNumber="719">
|
||
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713451FFE0E164285276FB876E" bold="true" box="[83,434,1115,1149]" pageId="119" pageNumber="719">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Although apparently uncommon, the Rock-dwelling Giant Ratis quite widespread and is unlikely to be declining. It is moderately common at Mount Dayman and in Mount Sisa area of Papua New Guinea. There are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="519928E03451FFE0E34A28D875B687E0" authorityName="Rummler" authorityYear="1935" box="[637,767,1233,1267]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Macruromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="119" pageNumber="733" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="major">no major</taxonomicName>
|
||
threats to this species, although it is hunted for food by local people in parts of its range.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83451FFE0E1632924761C8683" pageId="119" pageNumber="719" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="962653633451FFE0E1632924761C8683" blockId="119.[81,1298,254,1427]" pageId="119" pageNumber="719">
|
||
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713451FFE0E163292477A58651" bold="true" box="[84,236,1325,1346]" pageId="119" pageNumber="719">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Aplin (2016n), Aplin etal. (1999), Boitani et al. (2006), Breed & Aplin (1995), Flannery (1995b), Flannery et al. (1985), Leary & Seri (1997), Menzies & Dennis (1979), Musser & Carleton (2005), Tate & Archbold (1941), Tate (1951).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |