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<document id="ED3505310A4EDCD338CB7D8CE265B755" ID-CLB-Dataset="100954" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6887260" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a016af63-6437-427b-80b7-22bc9a002e20" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-04-6" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6887260" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1656696812616" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier &amp; Thomas E. Lacher, Jr" docDate="2017" docId="1E30E275343BFF8AE19C2BBB7D178033" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_7_Muridae_0536.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Gerbillus campestris Loche 1867" docType="treatment" docVersion="15" lastPageNumber="628" masterDocId="E2099A0D3426FF97E1372C0977498313" masterDocTitle="Muridae" masterLastPageNumber="884" masterPageNumber="536" pageNumber="628" updateTime="1718983125921" updateUser="carolina">
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<mods:title id="A6414333FF025BFFEEB7D9BE97976C88">Muridae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="194B5AE8CDE36C0A6DB3023CEF4A2E56">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="40104861D06C0077B4EECCACCDF16137">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B5025B600E4EC416E7F982EF3339A180">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="6FDDB433226F90CBB6C9ADD63313F07E">Handbook of the Mammals of the World Volume 7 Rodents II</mods:title>
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<treatment id="1E30E275343BFF8AE19C2BBB7D178033" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6795476" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197826157" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6795476" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E30E275343BFF8AE19C2BBB7D178033" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E30E275343BFF8AE19C2BBB7D178033" lastPageNumber="628" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
<subSubSection id="DE8300E8343BFF8AE19C2BBB77AD84F3" box="[171,228,1970,2016]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="96265363343BFF8AE19C2BBB77AD84F3" blockId="29.[170,1131,1970,2094]" box="[171,228,1970,2016]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
<heading id="CD6EE40F343BFF8AE19C2BBB77AD84F3" box="[171,228,1970,2016]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
<figureCitation id="0EA24FE6343BFF8AE19C2BBB77AD84F3" box="[171,228,1970,2016]" captionStart="Plate 35: Muridae" captionStartId="28.[101,131,3308,3333]" captionTargetBox="[11,2715,14,3648]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="86. Ammodile (Ammodillus imbellis), 87. Pleasant Gerbil (Gerbillus amoenus), 88. Andersons Gerbil (Gerbillus andersoni), 89. Bottas Gerbil (Gerbillus bottai), 90. North African Gerbil (Gerbillus campestris), 91. Flowers Gerbil (Gerbillus floweri), 92. Algerian Gerbil (Gerbillus garamantis), 93. Lesser Egyptian Gerbil (Gerbillus gerbillus), 94. Grobbens Gerbil (Gerbillus grobbeni), 95. Pygmy Gerbil (Gerbillus henleyi), 96. Moroccan Gerbil (Gerbillus hesperinus), 97. Hoogstraals Gerbil (Gerbillus hoogstraali), 98. James's Gerbil (Gerbillus jamesi), 99. Latastes Gerbil (Gerbillus latastei), 100. Greater Short-tailed Gerbil (Gerbillus maghrebi), 101. Occidental Gerbil (Gerbillus occiduus), 102. Lesser Short-tailed Gerbil (Gerbillus simoni), 103. Sand Gerbil (Gerbullus syrticus), 104. Tarabul Gerbil (Gerbillus tarabuli), 105. Vivacious Gerbil (Gerbillus vivax), 106. Waterss Gerbil (Gerbillus watersi), 107. Agag Gerbil (Gerbillus agag), 108. Lowes Gerbil (Gerbillus lower), 109. Mauritanian Gerbil (Gerbillus mauritaniae), 110. Darfur Gerbil (Gerbillus muriculus), 111. Sudan Gerbil (Gerbillus nancillus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6887348" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6887348/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">90.</figureCitation>
</heading>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E8343BFF8AE1C22BBB75E384F3" box="[245,682,1970,2016]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="96265363343BFF8AE1C22BBB75E384F3" blockId="29.[170,1131,1970,2094]" box="[245,682,1970,2016]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
<heading id="CD6EE40F343BFF8AE1C22BBB75E384F3" box="[245,682,1970,2016]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
<vernacularName id="189A234D343BFF8AE1C22BBB75E384F3" ID-CoL="7V4YG" authorityName="Loche" authorityYear="1867" box="[245,682,1970,2016]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbillus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="campestris">North African Gerbil</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E8343BFF8AE3C52BBB731984F3" box="[754,1104,1970,2016]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="96265363343BFF8AE3C52BBB731984F3" blockId="29.[170,1131,1970,2094]" box="[754,1104,1970,2016]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
<heading id="CD6EE40F343BFF8AE3C52BBB731984F3" box="[754,1104,1970,2016]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
<taxonomicName id="519928E0343BFF8AE3C52BBB731984F3" ID-CoL="7V4YG" authorityName="Loche" authorityYear="1867" box="[754,1104,1970,2016]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbillus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="campestris">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F71343BFF8AE3C52BBB731984F3" box="[754,1104,1970,2016]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Gerbillus campestris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E8343BFF8AE19D2BFB74C58B3D" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="96265363343BFF8AE19D2BFB73228B14" blockId="29.[170,1131,1970,2094]" box="[170,1131,2034,2055]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
<heading id="CD6EE40F343BFF8AE19D2BFB73228B14" box="[170,1131,2034,2055]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F71343BFF8AE19D2BFB77BF8B14" bold="true" box="[170,246,2034,2055]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">French:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="189A234D343BFF8AE1C82BFB76808B14" ID-CoL="7V4YG" authorityName="Loche" authorityYear="1867" box="[255,457,2034,2055]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbillus" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="campestris">Gerbille des champs</vernacularName>
/
<emphasis id="A4ED8F71343BFF8AE0E82BFB75708B14" bold="true" box="[479,569,2034,2055]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">German:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="189A234D343BFF8AE3742BFB74528B14" ID-CoL="7V4YG" authorityName="Loche" authorityYear="1867" box="[579,795,2034,2055]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbillus" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="campestris">Nordafrika-Rennmaus</vernacularName>
/
<emphasis id="A4ED8F71343BFF8AE2072BFB74C28B14" bold="true" box="[816,907,2034,2055]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Spanish:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="189A234D343BFF8AE2A32BFB73228B14" ID-CoL="7V4YG" authorityName="Loche" authorityYear="1867" box="[916,1131,2034,2055]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbillus" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="campestris">Gerbillo norteafricano</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="96265363343BFF8AE19D241074C58B3D" blockId="29.[170,1131,1970,2094]" box="[170,908,2073,2094]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
<heading id="CD6EE40F343BFF8AE19D241074C58B3D" box="[170,908,2073,2094]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F71343BFF8AE19D241076E98B3D" bold="true" box="[170,416,2073,2094]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Other common names:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="189A234D343BFF8AE09C241075F88B3D" ID-CoL="7V4YG" authorityName="Loche" authorityYear="1867" box="[427,689,2073,2094]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbillus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="campestris">Large North African Gerbil</vernacularName>
,
<vernacularName id="189A234D343BFF8AE389241074C58B3D" ID-CoL="7V4YG" authorityName="Loche" authorityYear="1867" box="[702,908,2073,2094]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbillus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="campestris">North African Dipodil</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E8343BFF8AE23A2454741F8BB4" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="96265363343BFF8AE23A2454741F8BB4" blockId="29.[779,1373,2141,2569]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F71343BFF8AE23A245474E18B6C" bold="true" box="[781,936,2141,2175]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="519928E0343BFF8AE2F9245474188BB4" ID-CoL="7V4YG" authority="Loche, 1867" authorityName="Loche" authorityYear="1867" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbillus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="campestris">Gerbillus campestris Loche, 1867</taxonomicName>
,
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E8343BFF8AE256248C73F68A0E" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="96265363343BFF8AE256248C73F68A0E" blockId="29.[779,1373,2141,2569]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
<materialsCitation id="26F1593E343BFF8AE256248C73F28A0E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3864424365" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">“le Sahara algérien pres de Guerrara dans les oasis.” Restricted by F. Lataste in 1881 to “environs de Philippeville (province de Constantine),” Algeria</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E8343BFF8AE227252E7211896D" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="96265363343BFF8AE227252E7215891A" blockId="29.[779,1373,2141,2569]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
<taxonomicName id="519928E0343BFF8AE227252E73488A57" authorityName="Loche" authorityYear="1867" box="[784,1025,2343,2372]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbillus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="campestris">Gerbillus campestris</taxonomicName>
includes many synonyms that were incorporated with successive revisions of the genus by D. M. Lay in 1983, I. Ya. Pavlinov and colleagues in 1990, and G. G.Musser and M. D. Carleton in 2005. Morphometric revisions ofthe species vari-
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="96265363343BFF8AE19F261F7211896D" blockId="29.[163,1371,2582,3472]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">ability were made by different authors, as well as from chromosomal studies. A molecular study by V. Nicolas and coworkers in 2014 concluded that the species is monophyletic and allowed confirmation of its geographical extension south of the Sahara. Monotypic.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E8343BFF8AE1902681733E89D8" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="distribution">
<caption id="C2E603EB343BFF8AE1902681733E89D8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6898642" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6898642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6898642/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" startId="29.[167,339,2696,2725]" targetBox="[165,756,2148,2561]" targetPageId="29">
<paragraph id="96265363343BFF8AE1902681733E89D8" blockId="29.[163,1371,2582,3472]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F71343BFF8AE1902681761F89B6" bold="true" box="[167,342,2696,2725]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Distribution.</emphasis>
N Africa (Morocco to Egypt), with disjunct distribution in Sahara and sub-Saharan countries (N Mauritania, Mali, Niger, Chad, and Sudan).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E8343BFF8AE19126D2769C88CD" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="description">
<paragraph id="96265363343BFF8AE19126D2769C88CD" blockId="29.[163,1371,2582,3472]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F71343BFF8AE19126D276D689E7" bold="true" box="[166,415,2779,2804]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
Head—body 99-112 mm, tail 118-153 mm, ear 15-20 mm, hindfoot 25-29 mm; weight 21-38 g. This is a small yellow to brown gerbil with a long tail (130-140% of head-body length), and with bare soles on hindfeet. Ventral pelage is white, well delineated from flanks. Tail is bicolored, and terminal half ends with adeveloped pencil. Skull bears relatively small tympanic bullae poorly inflated in the mastoid part (25% of maximum length ofskull), and there are short molar rows. Diploid number 2n = 56/58, FNa = 68.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E8343BFF8AE19227EC74278FB0" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="96265363343BFF8AE19227EC74278FB0" blockId="29.[163,1371,2582,3472]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F71343BFF8AE19227EC765D8F14" bold="true" box="[165,276,3045,3079]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Habitat.</emphasis>
In coastal regions of North Africa, the North African Gerbil inhabits cultivated fields, consolidated river and “wadi” (ephemeral riverbeds) banks, stabilized dunes, palm groves, rocky hills and outcrops, cliffs, boulder habitats, and mud and stone houses with some element of vegetation. In arid areas of southern Sahara, and in Algeria,it is associated with rocky environments.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E8343BFF8AE19320A3746D8FE1" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="food_feeding">
<paragraph id="96265363343BFF8AE19320A3746D8FE1" blockId="29.[163,1371,2582,3472]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F71343BFF8AE19320A376E28FDF" bold="true" box="[164,427,3242,3276]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
The North African Gerbil is granivorous; it prefers seeds, and also eats leaves, stems, and fruits, as well as insects.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E8343BFF8AE19320F173998E83" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="breeding">
<paragraph id="96265363343BFF8AE19320F173998E83" blockId="29.[163,1371,2582,3472]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F71343BFF8AE19320F176638E09" bold="true" box="[164,298,3320,3354]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Breeding.</emphasis>
In Morocco, breeding occurs during February—July. In Sudan, reproduction takes place at the end ofthe rainy season. In Egypt, meanlitter size is 3-6, with mean of three, and reproduction occurs during winter rains orjust after the rainy season. One female in Mali bore three embryos, and another in Niger had four embryos.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E8343BFF8AE49B2D2F7F4B827E" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="activity">
<paragraph id="96265363343BFF8AE49B2D2F7F4B827E" blockId="29.[1451,2658,294,800]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F71343BFF8AE49B2D2F71DF825B" bold="true" box="[1452,1686,294,328]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
North African Gerbils are nocturnal and terrestrial. They rest during the day in shallow burrows or under rocks.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E8343BFF8AE49A2D7C7EA2811E" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="96265363343BFF8AE49A2D7C7EA2811E" blockId="29.[1451,2658,294,800]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F71343BFF8AE49A2D7C7F258284" bold="true" box="[1453,2156,373,407]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
In 1992, population density in Morocco was estimated as ranging from 6-5 ind/ha to 51-5 ind/ha, and very few movements were noted between capture and recapture sites (distances 13-31 m). Home ranges of males and females overlapped only during the reproductive season.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E8343BFF8AE49A2E1B7D168148" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="96265363343BFF8AE49A2E1B7D168148" blockId="29.[1451,2658,294,800]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F71343BFF8AE49A2E1B70418127" bold="true" box="[1453,1800,530,564]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The North African Gerbil is quite common and is considered an agricultural pest in North Africa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E8343BFF8AE49A2E637D178033" pageId="29" pageNumber="628" type="bibRefCitation_list">
<paragraph id="96265363343BFF8AE49A2E637D178033" blockId="29.[1451,2658,294,800]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F71343BFF8AE49A2E6371098190" bold="true" box="[1453,1600,618,643]" pageId="29" pageNumber="628">Bibliography.</emphasis>
Abiadh, Chétoui et al. (2010), Abiadh, Colangelo et al. (2010), Aulagnier &amp;Thévenot (1986), Aulagnier et al. (2009), Benazzou &amp; Zyadi (1990), Chétoui et al. (2002), Denys et al. (2015), Dobigny, Moulin et al. (2001), Dobigny, Nomao &amp; Gautun (2002), Granjon &amp; Duplantier (2009), Happold (1967b), Khidas (1993), Kowalski &amp; Rzebik-Kowalska (1991), Lataste (1881a), Lay (1983), Lay et al. (1975), Le Berre (1990), Musser &amp; Carleton (2005), Nicolas, Ndiaye et al. (2014), Pavlinov et al. (1990), Petter (1961c), Qumsiyeh &amp; Schlitter (1991), Ranck (1968), Zyadi &amp; Benazzou (1992).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>