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<document id="EE388791605B84FAB2CF93B7E5D28722" ID-CLB-Dataset="100954" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6887260" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a016af63-6437-427b-80b7-22bc9a002e20" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-04-6" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6887260" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1656696812616" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier &amp; Thomas E. Lacher, Jr" docDate="2017" docId="1E30E2753430FF81E4992AC57D1F8E8B" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_7_Muridae_0536.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Gerbilliscus tytonis Bauer &amp; Niethammer 1897" docType="treatment" docVersion="16" lastPageNumber="620" masterDocId="E2099A0D3426FF97E1372C0977498313" masterDocTitle="Muridae" masterLastPageNumber="884" masterPageNumber="536" pageNumber="620" updateTime="1718983125921" updateUser="carolina">
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<mods:title id="A5300FAD9C759650D62431F967460689">Muridae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E25B13147D0540B986887D5A3944A82B">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F17FC5376D6020F0E86064532EC4A956">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AF9843FE9BC2267C069E97009E5FDBFB">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:publisher id="540BB200A9BB4F6EC97FE226C8DE94DC">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:title id="75D09CD5E0BA75B2A18F470BEAECF37F">Handbook of the Mammals of the World Volume 7 Rodents II</mods:title>
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<treatment id="1E30E2753430FF81E4992AC57D1F8E8B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6835739" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197826097" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6835739" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E30E2753430FF81E4992AC57D1F8E8B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E30E2753430FF81E4992AC57D1F8E8B" lastPageNumber="620" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">
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<paragraph id="962653633430FF81E4992AC572AF85E9" blockId="22.[1451,2580,1740,1864]" box="[1454,1510,1740,1786]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">
<heading id="CD6EE40F3430FF81E4992AC572AF85E9" box="[1454,1510,1740,1786]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">72.</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83430FF81E4C02AC57F5985E9" box="[1527,2064,1740,1786]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="962653633430FF81E4C02AC57F5985E9" blockId="22.[1451,2580,1740,1864]" box="[1527,2064,1740,1786]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">
<heading id="CD6EE40F3430FF81E4C02AC57F5985E9" box="[1527,2064,1740,1786]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">
<vernacularName id="189A234D3430FF81E4C02AC57F5985E9" authority="Bauer &amp; Niethammer, 1960" authorityName="Bauer &amp; Niethammer" authorityYear="1897" box="[1527,2064,1740,1786]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbilliscus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tytonis">Dune Hairy-footed Gerbil</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83430FF81E96F2AC57ED685E9" box="[2136,2463,1740,1786]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="962653633430FF81E96F2AC57ED685E9" blockId="22.[1451,2580,1740,1864]" box="[2136,2463,1740,1786]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">
<heading id="CD6EE40F3430FF81E96F2AC57ED685E9" box="[2136,2463,1740,1786]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">
<taxonomicName id="519928E03430FF81E96F2AC57ED685E9" authority="Bauer &amp; Niethammer, 1960" authorityName="Bauer &amp; Niethammer" authorityYear="1897" box="[2136,2463,1740,1786]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbilliscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tytonis">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713430FF81E96F2AC57ED685E9" box="[2136,2463,1740,1786]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">Gerbilliscus tytonis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83430FF81E49B2B047020845B" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="962653633430FF81E49B2B047D5D8431" blockId="22.[1451,2580,1740,1864]" box="[1452,2580,1805,1826]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">
<heading id="CD6EE40F3430FF81E49B2B047D5D8431" box="[1452,2580,1805,1826]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713430FF81E49B2B0472BE8431" bold="true" box="[1452,1527,1805,1826]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">French:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="189A234D3430FF81E7372B0471F28431" authority="Bauer &amp; Niethammer, 1960" authorityName="Bauer &amp; Niethammer" authorityYear="1897" box="[1536,1723,1805,1826]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbilliscus" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Rodentia" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tytonis">Gerbille des dunes</vernacularName>
/
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713430FF81E7E72B0470638431" bold="true" box="[1744,1834,1805,1826]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">German:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="189A234D3430FF81E6032B047F1B8431" authority="Bauer &amp; Niethammer, 1960" authorityName="Bauer &amp; Niethammer" authorityYear="1897" box="[1844,2130,1805,1826]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbilliscus" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Rodentia" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tytonis">Diinen-Haarsohlenrennmaus</vernacularName>
/
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713430FF81E9502B047F8B8431" bold="true" box="[2151,2242,1805,1826]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">Spanish:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="189A234D3430FF81E9FB2B047D5D8431" authority="Bauer &amp; Niethammer, 1960" authorityName="Bauer &amp; Niethammer" authorityYear="1897" box="[2252,2580,1805,1826]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbilliscus" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Rodentia" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tytonis">Gerbillo de pies peludos de duna</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="962653633430FF81E49C2B3A7020845B" blockId="22.[1451,2580,1740,1864]" box="[1451,1897,1843,1864]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">
<heading id="CD6EE40F3430FF81E49C2B3A7020845B" box="[1451,1897,1843,1864]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713430FF81E49C2B3A71EB845B" bold="true" box="[1451,1698,1843,1864]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">Other common names:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="189A234D3430FF81E79B2B3A7020845B" authority="Bauer &amp; Niethammer, 1960" authorityName="Bauer &amp; Niethammer" authorityYear="1897" box="[1708,1897,1843,1864]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbilliscus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tytonis">Namib Dune Gerbil</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83430FF81E9392B757FAB84D2" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="962653633430FF81E9392B757FAB84D2" blockId="22.[2061,2655,1916,2338]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713430FF81E9392B757FE0848A" bold="true" box="[2062,2217,1916,1945]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="519928E03430FF81E98B2B757F9484D2" authority="Bauer &amp; Niethammer, 1960" authorityName="Bauer &amp; Niethammer" authorityYear="1960" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbillus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tytonis">Gerbillus tytonis Bauer &amp; Niethammer, 1960</taxonomicName>
,
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83430FF81E9C52BA17FC284F4" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="962653633430FF81E9C52BA17FC284F4" blockId="22.[2061,2655,1916,2338]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">
<materialsCitation id="26F1593E3430FF81E9C52BA17FC284F4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3864425047" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">Sossusvlei, Namib Desert, Namibia.</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83430FF81E9272BFB7E638A31" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="962653633430FF81E9272BFB7E638A31" blockId="22.[2061,2655,1916,2338]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">
<taxonomicName id="519928E03430FF81E9272BFB7FD78B1C" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1897" box="[2064,2206,2034,2063]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbilliscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Gerbilliscus</taxonomicName>
tytonis was first described un- der
<taxonomicName id="519928E03430FF81E960241C7F8C8B24" box="[2135,2245,2069,2103]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbillus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Gerbillus</taxonomicName>
and later associated with
<taxonomicName id="519928E03430FF81E92724347FEA8B4C" baseAuthorityName="Bocage" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[2064,2211,2109,2143]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbilliscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vallinus">G. vallinus</taxonomicName>
in
<taxonomicName id="519928E03430FF81E9EB24347E208B4C" authorityName="Shortridge" authorityYear="1942" box="[2268,2409,2109,2143]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbillurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Gerbillurus</taxonomicName>
. It was accorded its present rank by D. A. Schlitter in 1973 on basis of its chromosomal characters. L. Granjon and colleagues in 2012 found that it belongs in a clade with
<taxonomicName id="519928E03430FF81E88424D37D698BEF" box="[2483,2592,2266,2300]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbilliscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paeba">G. paeba</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="519928E03430FF81E938250C7F368A31" baseAuthorityName="Schlitter" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[2063,2175,2309,2338]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbillurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="setzeri">G. setzeri</taxonomicName>
. Monotypic.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83430FF81E49F25267F858A5B" box="[1448,2252,2351,2376]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" type="distribution">
<caption id="C2E603EB3430FF81E49F25267F858A5B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6898604" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6898604" box="[1448,2252,2351,2376]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6898604/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" startId="22.[1448,1620,2351,2376]" targetBox="[1446,2037,1918,2330]" targetPageId="22">
<paragraph id="962653633430FF81E49F25267F858A5B" blockId="22.[1444,2653,2351,3480]" box="[1448,2252,2351,2376]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713430FF81E49F252671118A5B" bold="true" box="[1448,1624,2351,2376]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">Distribution.</emphasis>
W
<taxonomicName id="519928E03430FF81E7BD2526704A8A5B" box="[1674,1795,2351,2376]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Namibia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Namibia</taxonomicName>
, from Swakopmund to Luderitz.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83430FF81E49F25517F46894F" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" type="description">
<paragraph id="962653633430FF81E49F25517F46894F" blockId="22.[1444,2653,2351,3480]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713430FF81E49F255171E88A62" bold="true" box="[1448,1697,2392,2417]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
Head-body 90-108 mm, tail 113-141 mm, ear 12-14 mm, hindfoot 28-36 mm; weight 25 g. This small gerbil has dark reddish-brown dorsal pelage and white belly, the head with white cheeks and supraorbital spots. Hindfeet soles are hairy and each digit bears fringes of hairs. Tail is rather long (128% of head-body length). Skull is remarkable in displaying a very short posterior palatal foramen. Tympanic bullae are inflated and extend posteriorly. Females bear three pairs of mammae. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 36, FN = 68.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83430FF81E490266A7E3389B8" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="962653633430FF81E490266A7E3389B8" blockId="22.[1444,2653,2351,3480]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713430FF81E490266A715F8996" bold="true" box="[1447,1558,2659,2693]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">Habitat.</emphasis>
Sand dunes of Namib Desert up to 300 m high and having relatively high plant species richness. Never found in areas of compact or rockysoils.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83430FF81E49126B87EE48832" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" type="food_feeding">
<paragraph id="962653633430FF81E49126B87EE48832" blockId="22.[1444,2653,2351,3480]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713430FF81E49126B871E589C0" bold="true" box="[1446,1708,2737,2771]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
Diet includes seeds, green parts of plants, arthropods, and insects, proportions varying between winter and summer. The Dune Hairy-footed Gerbilis considered a very opportunistic species because of wide variations in diet.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83430FF81E491272570A9887C" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" type="breeding">
<paragraph id="962653633430FF81E491272570A9887C" blockId="22.[1444,2653,2351,3480]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713430FF81E49127257165885A" bold="true" box="[1446,1580,2860,2889]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">Breeding.</emphasis>
Breeding peak during December—May. In captivity, litter size was 2-6 (average 4-4) young. Eyes open at 22-24 days.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83430FF81E49327727F1F8F27" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" type="activity">
<paragraph id="962653633430FF81E49327727F1F8F27" blockId="22.[1444,2653,2351,3480]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713430FF81E493277271D8888B" bold="true" box="[1444,1681,2939,2968]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
The Dune Hairy-footed Gerbil is nocturnal and terrestrial, digging deep burrows (larger than 2 m deep) with one or two entrances, and nest chamber lined with shredded vegetation and food caches. Burrow is situated close to
<taxonomicName id="519928E03430FF81E8FD27CC7D1588F4" box="[2506,2652,3013,3047]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Trianthema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Trianthema</taxonomicName>
herreroensis (
<taxonomicName id="519928E03430FF81E77E27F871918F1D" box="[1609,1752,3057,3086]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Aizoaceae</taxonomicName>
) and
<taxonomicName id="519928E03430FF81E61B27F87F988F1D" box="[1836,2257,3057,3086]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Stipagrostis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sabulicola">Stipagrostis sabulicola (Poaceae)</taxonomicName>
in microhabitats formed by nara melon (
<taxonomicName id="519928E03430FF81E76B201E70478F27" box="[1628,1806,3095,3124]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Acanthosicyos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Acanthosicyos</taxonomicName>
horridus,
<taxonomicName id="519928E03430FF81E6A2201E7F038F27" box="[1941,2122,3095,3124]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cucurbitaceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83430FF81E4922032710B8E0C" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="962653633430FF81E4922032710B8E0C" blockId="22.[1444,2653,2351,3480]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713430FF81E49220327F298F4E" bold="true" box="[1445,2144,3131,3165]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
The Dune Hairy-footed Gerbil may sand-bathe at the entrance of a burrow. Population varies between summer and winter, and reaches a peak in autumn with 0-3-18-2 ind/ha. It is aggressive in captivity and fights for dominance (chasing, mutual boxing). Individuals communicate with footdrumming and ultrasonic whistles, and vocalizations are heard during contacts and copulation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83430FF81E49321257FB08E7C" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="962653633430FF81E49321257FB08E7C" blockId="22.[1444,2653,2351,3480]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713430FF81E4932125704D8E5A" bold="true" box="[1444,1796,3372,3401]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List (as
<taxonomicName id="519928E03430FF81EB3E212572AE8E7C" authorityName="Shortridge" authorityYear="1942" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbillurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Gerbillurus</taxonomicName>
tytonis). This species is present in many protected areas.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83430FF81E493218A7D1F8E8B" box="[1444,2646,3459,3480]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620" type="bibRefCitation_list">
<paragraph id="962653633430FF81E493218A7D1F8E8B" blockId="22.[1444,2653,2351,3480]" box="[1444,2646,3459,3480]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713430FF81E493218A71758E8B" bold="true" box="[1444,1596,3459,3480]" pageId="22" pageNumber="620">Bibliography.</emphasis>
Granjon et al. (2012), Happold (2013a), Perrin, Dempster, Downs &amp; Boyer (1999), Schlitter (1973).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>