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<document id="1B97B6ABA45DBA788B70F1781266845E" ID-CLB-Dataset="100954" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6887260" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a016af63-6437-427b-80b7-22bc9a002e20" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-04-6" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6887260" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1656696812616" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier &amp; Thomas E. Lacher, Jr" docDate="2017" docId="1E30E2753416FFA7E4632ECD71BB8AAA" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_7_Muridae_0536.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Meriones meridianus" docType="treatment" docVersion="15" lastPageNumber="647" masterDocId="E2099A0D3426FF97E1372C0977498313" masterDocTitle="Muridae" masterLastPageNumber="884" masterPageNumber="536" pageNumber="647" updateTime="1718983125921" updateUser="carolina">
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<mods:title id="3D4CE359988FF7B43DB89869A2513E89">Muridae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C89C20E6A01082848D8B45910A75322F">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="72BA98EC076E5AB15E134B45AF270AA5">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A6545FDB8224CC0C2CB91139EE7CD362">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="1E30E2753416FFA7E4632ECD71BB8AAA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6788104" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197826041" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6788104" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E30E2753416FFA7E4632ECD71BB8AAA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E30E2753416FFA7E4632ECD71BB8AAA" lastPageNumber="647" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83416FFA7E4632ECD72ED81E1" box="[1364,1444,708,754]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647" type="multiple">
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<heading id="CD6EE40F3416FFA7E4632ECD72ED81E1" box="[1364,1444,708,754]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">
<figureCitation id="0EA24FE63416FFA7E4632ECD72ED81E1" box="[1364,1444,708,754]" captionStart="Plate 37: Muridae" captionStartId="44.[87,117,3346,3367]" captionTargetBox="[12,2716,14,3648]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="138. Sundevalls Jird (Meriones crassus), 139. Moroccan Jird (Meriones grandis), 140. Libyan Jird (Meriones libycus), 141. Shaw's Jird (Meriones shaw), 142. Tristrams Jird (Meriones tristrami), 143. Dahl's Jird (Meriones dahl), 144. Vinogradovs Jird (Meriones vinogradoui), 145. Buxtons Jird (Meriones sacramenti), 146. King Jird (Meriones rex), 147. Arabian Jird (Meriones arimalius), 148. Persian Jird (Meriones persicus), 149. Zarudnys Jird (Meriones zarudnyi), 150. Indian Desert Jird (Meriones hurrianae), 151. Chengs Jird (Meriones chengi), 152. Midday Jird (Meriones meridianus), 153. Tamarisk Jird (Meriones tamariscinus), 154. Mongolian Jird (Meriones unguiculatus), 155. Przewalskis Jird (Brachiones przewalskii), 156. Fat Sand Rat (Psammomys obesus), 157. Lesser Sand Rat (Psammomys vexillaris), 158. Great Gerbil (Rhombomys oprmus), 159. Buttners African Forest Mouse (Leimacomys buettneri), 160. Maned Rat (Lophiomys imhausi)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6887374" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6887374/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">152.</figureCitation>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83416FFA7E4822ECD71E181E1" box="[1461,1704,708,754]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="962653633416FFA7E4822ECD71E181E1" blockId="48.[1361,2223,708,834]" box="[1461,1704,708,754]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">
<heading id="CD6EE40F3416FFA7E4822ECD71E181E1" box="[1461,1704,708,754]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">
<vernacularName id="189A234D3416FFA7E4822ECD71E181E1" ID-CoL="7VTBP" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1773" box="[1461,1704,708,754]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Meriones" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="48" pageNumber="647" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meridianus">Midday Jird</vernacularName>
</heading>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83416FFA7E7EC2ECD7F2D81E1" box="[1755,2148,708,754]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="962653633416FFA7E7EC2ECD7F2D81E1" blockId="48.[1361,2223,708,834]" box="[1755,2148,708,754]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">
<heading id="CD6EE40F3416FFA7E7EC2ECD7F2D81E1" box="[1755,2148,708,754]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">
<taxonomicName id="519928E03416FFA7E7EC2ECD7F2D81E1" ID-CoL="7VTBP" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1773" box="[1755,2148,708,754]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Meriones" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="48" pageNumber="647" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meridianus">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713416FFA7E7EC2ECD7F2D81E1" box="[1755,2148,708,754]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">Meriones meridianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83416FFA7E4662F0C71928051" pageId="48" pageNumber="647" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="962653633416FFA7E4662F0C7FE68009" blockId="48.[1361,2223,708,834]" box="[1361,2223,773,794]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">
<heading id="CD6EE40F3416FFA7E4662F0C7FE68009" box="[1361,2223,773,794]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713416FFA7E4662F0C72D48009" bold="true" box="[1361,1437,773,794]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">French:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="189A234D3416FFA7E4912F0C71008009" ID-CoL="7VTBP" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1773" box="[1446,1609,773,794]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Meriones" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Rodentia" pageId="48" pageNumber="647" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meridianus">Mérione du midi</vernacularName>
/
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713416FFA7E7692F0C71F08009" bold="true" box="[1630,1721,773,794]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">German:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="189A234D3416FFA7E7F42F0C70218009" ID-CoL="7VTBP" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1773" box="[1731,1896,773,794]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Meriones" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Rodentia" pageId="48" pageNumber="647" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meridianus">Mittagsrennratte</vernacularName>
/
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713416FFA7E64B2F0C70918009" bold="true" box="[1916,2008,773,794]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">Spanish:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="189A234D3416FFA7E6D62F0C7FE68009" ID-CoL="7VTBP" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1773" box="[2017,2223,773,794]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Meriones" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Rodentia" pageId="48" pageNumber="647" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meridianus">Gerbillo de mediodia</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="962653633416FFA7E4662F2471928051" blockId="48.[1361,2223,708,834]" box="[1361,1755,813,834]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">
<heading id="CD6EE40F3416FFA7E4662F2471928051" box="[1361,1755,813,834]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713416FFA7E4662F2471018051" bold="true" box="[1361,1608,813,834]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">Other common names:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="189A234D3416FFA7E7652F2471928051" ID-CoL="7VTBP" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1773" box="[1618,1755,813,834]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Meriones" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="48" pageNumber="647" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meridianus">Midday Gerbil</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83416FFA7E6822F7B7D4A809C" box="[1973,2563,882,911]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="962653633416FFA7E6822F7B7D4A809C" blockId="48.[1973,2566,882,1306]" box="[1973,2563,882,911]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713416FFA7E6822F7B7F19809C" bold="true" box="[1973,2128,882,911]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="519928E03416FFA7E9522F7B7EB7809C" authority="Pallas, 1773" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1773" box="[2149,2558,882,911]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="48" pageNumber="647" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meridianus">Mus meridianus Pallas, 1773</taxonomicName>
,
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83416FFA7E6812F9C7E368716" pageId="48" pageNumber="647" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="962653633416FFA7E6812F9C7E368716" blockId="48.[1973,2566,882,1306]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">
<materialsCitation id="26F1593E3416FFA7E6812F9C7E368716" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3864425031" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">type locality unknown. Restricted by V. G. Heptner in 1936 to Dosang, Astrakhans-kaya Oblast, south-eatern Russia.</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83416FFA7E68028027F058515" pageId="48" pageNumber="647" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="962653633416FFA7E68028027F058515" blockId="48.[1973,2566,882,1306]" lastBlockId="48.[1356,2576,1311,2489]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">
<taxonomicName id="519928E03416FFA7E68028027F86873E" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1773" box="[1975,2255,1035,1069]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Meriones" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="48" pageNumber="647" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meridianus">Meriones meridianus</taxonomicName>
exhibits high morphological and chromosomalvariabil-ity throughout its range. Molecular study has shown that, as currently constituted, it contains two clades, the first including M. cheng: and various Chinese localities and the second one also in China. The two clades were sympatric in one locality (Turpan, in north-west China). A recent morphometrical study showed that
<taxonomicName id="519928E03416FFA7E7E0294F70DC867B" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1773" box="[1751,1941,1350,1384]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Meriones" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="48" pageNumber="647" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meridianus">M. meridianus</taxonomicName>
from Middle East are distinct from those of Far East, but three distinct lineages corresponding with three mitochondrial clades were recorded in a subsequent analysis. Pending further revisions of this taxon we keep the species as valid, but taxonomy of M. meridianusstill requires attention and cryptic species may be described in future. Monotypic.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83416FFA7E4652A027EAE856F" pageId="48" pageNumber="647" type="distribution">
<caption id="C2E603EB3416FFA7E4652A027EAE856F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6898748" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6898748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6898748/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="647" startId="48.[1362,1526,1547,1581]" targetBox="[1359,1950,887,1299]" targetPageId="48">
<paragraph id="962653633416FFA7E4652A027EAE856F" blockId="48.[1356,2576,1311,2489]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713416FFA7E4652A0272B3853E" bold="true" box="[1362,1530,1547,1581]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">Distribution.</emphasis>
S European Russia, S Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, NE Iran, N Afghanistan, NW &amp; NC China (Xinjiang, Gansu, Qinghai, Inner Mongolia [= Nei Mongol], Ningxia, N Shaanxi, N Shanxi, and NW Hebei), and S Mongolia.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83416FFA7E4652A827E318452" pageId="48" pageNumber="647" type="description">
<paragraph id="962653633416FFA7E4652A827E318452" blockId="48.[1356,2576,1311,2489]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713416FFA7E4652A82710585B7" bold="true" box="[1362,1612,1675,1700]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
Head-body 90-144 mm, tail 85-135 mm, ear 10-19 mm, hindfoot 25-34 mm; weight 24-60 g. The Midday Jird is a medium-sized jird with tail length equal to head-body length and with densely hairy soles of feet. Dorsal pelage is light yellow gray to brown, and venter white with some brown stripes on chest. Tail ends with small pencil of dark hairs. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 50, FN = 78.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83416FFA7E4652B4E71F284AB" pageId="48" pageNumber="647" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="962653633416FFA7E4652B4E71F284AB" blockId="48.[1356,2576,1311,2489]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713416FFA7E4652B4E7288847A" bold="true" box="[1362,1473,1863,1897]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">Habitat.</emphasis>
Found in all sandy deserts of Central Asia, but may occasionally live in steppic zones. The Midday Jird inhabits sand dunes, steppes, grasslands, cultivated fields, and fallow lands in arid zones.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83416FFA7E4652BB47F418B15" pageId="48" pageNumber="647" type="food_feeding">
<paragraph id="962653633416FFA7E4652BB47F418B15" blockId="48.[1356,2576,1311,2489]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713416FFA7E4652BB4711084CC" bold="true" box="[1362,1625,1981,2015]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
Plants, seeds, and insects constitute the diet of Midday Jirds. They store food in their burrows and do not hibernate.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83416FFA7E46524027EDA8B6E" pageId="48" pageNumber="647" type="breeding">
<paragraph id="962653633416FFA7E46524027EDA8B6E" blockId="48.[1356,2576,1311,2489]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713416FFA7E465240272908B3E" bold="true" box="[1362,1497,2059,2093]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">Breeding.</emphasis>
Reproduction can occur throughoutyear, but is mostly in April-September in northern parts and February/March—October in southern parts, with a reduction in breeding activity during winter months. Litter size is 1-12, with average ofsix.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83416FFA7E466248B713B8BE7" pageId="48" pageNumber="647" type="activity">
<paragraph id="962653633416FFA7E466248B713B8BE7" blockId="48.[1356,2576,1311,2489]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713416FFA7E466248B71768BB7" bold="true" box="[1361,1599,2178,2212]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
The Midday Jird is primarily nocturnal, but active also in morning or during day in winter. This terrestrial rodent digs deep burrows at base and under roots of thorn scrub.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83416FFA7E46424F17FEF8A51" pageId="48" pageNumber="647" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="962653633416FFA7E46424F17FEF8A51" blockId="48.[1356,2576,1311,2489]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713416FFA7E46424F17F538A09" bold="true" box="[1363,2074,2296,2330]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
Information suggests that Midday Jirds congregate in large colonies, with clear social structure.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83416FFA7E464254E7E248A7A" box="[1363,2413,2375,2409]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="962653633416FFA7E464254E7E248A7A" blockId="48.[1356,2576,1311,2489]" box="[1363,2413,2375,2409]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713416FFA7E464254E71F98A7A" bold="true" box="[1363,1712,2375,2409]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83416FFA7E463257E71BB8AAA" pageId="48" pageNumber="647" type="bibRefCitation_list">
<paragraph id="962653633416FFA7E463257E71BB8AAA" blockId="48.[1356,2576,1311,2489]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713416FFA7E463257E72A48A83" bold="true" box="[1364,1517,2423,2448]" pageId="48" pageNumber="647">Bibliography.</emphasis>
Aulagnier et al. (2009), Ito et al. (2010), Lay (1967), Nanova (2014), Smith &amp; Yan Xie (2013), Vinogradov et al. (1936), Yazdi et al. (2012).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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