191 lines
21 KiB
XML
191 lines
21 KiB
XML
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<mods:titleInfo id="0D932C705D9793B01B1BACCEDB1E6751">
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<mods:title id="D3C814D695DC8116E98923ACBE713FD7">Muridae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="63259928AE3D015CFF169742C6CF8D21">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="013BC4AC831C43A793A6269F05356928">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C19F256EDF6FDB3E6EC27CC7573FEA53">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="A8F62B3FA4BFC9FBB6202C9EEA64BCE4">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II</mods:title>
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<treatment id="1E30E2753401FFB0E48528AF7EE28E8E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6836216" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197826198" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6836216" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E30E2753401FFB0E48528AF7EE28E8E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E30E2753401FFB0E48528AF7EE28E8E" lastPageNumber="638" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">
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<heading id="CD6EE40F3401FFB0E48528AF714887CB" box="[1458,1537,1190,1240]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">127.</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83401FFB0E72728AF702887CB" box="[1552,1889,1190,1240]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="962653633401FFB0E72728AF702887CB" blockId="39.[1453,2349,1190,1319]" box="[1552,1889,1190,1240]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">
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<heading id="CD6EE40F3401FFB0E72728AF702887CB" box="[1552,1889,1190,1240]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">
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<vernacularName id="189A234D3401FFB0E72728AF702887CB" ID-CoL="7V4YX" baseAuthorityName="Wagner" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[1552,1889,1190,1240]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbillus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dasyurus">Wagner's Gerbil</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83401FFB0E69E28AF7FBA87CB" box="[1961,2291,1190,1240]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="962653633401FFB0E69E28AF7FBA87CB" blockId="39.[1453,2349,1190,1319]" box="[1961,2291,1190,1240]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">
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<heading id="CD6EE40F3401FFB0E69E28AF7FBA87CB" box="[1961,2291,1190,1240]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">
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||
<taxonomicName id="519928E03401FFB0E69E28AF7FBA87CB" ID-CoL="7V4YX" baseAuthorityName="Wagner" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[1961,2291,1190,1240]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbillus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dasyurus">Gerbillus dasyurus</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83401FFB0E49928E37F848634" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" type="vernacular_names">
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||
<paragraph id="962653633401FFB0E49928E37E6487EC" blockId="39.[1453,2349,1190,1319]" box="[1454,2349,1258,1279]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">
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||
<heading id="CD6EE40F3401FFB0E49928E37E6487EC" box="[1454,2349,1258,1279]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">
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||
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713401FFB0E49928E372B387EC" bold="true" box="[1454,1530,1258,1279]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="189A234D3401FFB0E73428E3718887EC" ID-CoL="7V4YX" baseAuthorityName="Wagner" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[1539,1729,1258,1279]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbillus" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Rodentia" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dasyurus">Gerbille de Wagner</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="A4ED8F713401FFB0E7E228E3707987EC" bold="true" box="[1749,1840,1258,1279]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="189A234D3401FFB0E60028E370BD87EC" ID-CoL="7V4YX" baseAuthorityName="Wagner" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[1847,2036,1258,1279]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbillus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dasyurus">\WagnerRennmaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="A4ED8F713401FFB0E93D28E37F2C87EC" bold="true" box="[2058,2149,1258,1279]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="189A234D3401FFB0E95928E37E6487EC" ID-CoL="7V4YX" baseAuthorityName="Wagner" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[2158,2349,1258,1279]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbillus" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Rodentia" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dasyurus">Gerbillo de Wagner</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="962653633401FFB0E49A291B7F848634" blockId="39.[1453,2349,1190,1319]" box="[1453,2253,1298,1319]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">
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<heading id="CD6EE40F3401FFB0E49A291B7F848634" box="[1453,2253,1298,1319]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">
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<emphasis id="A4ED8F713401FFB0E49A291B71ED8634" bold="true" box="[1453,1700,1298,1319]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="189A234D3401FFB0E798291B70278634" ID-CoL="7V4YX" baseAuthorityName="Wagner" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[1711,1902,1298,1319]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbillus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dasyurus">Rough-tailed Gerbil</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="189A234D3401FFB0E64F291B7F508634" ID-CoL="7V4YX" baseAuthorityName="Wagner" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[1912,2073,1298,1319]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbillus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dasyurus">Wadi Hof Gerbil</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="189A234D3401FFB0E914291B7F848634" ID-CoL="7V4YX" baseAuthorityName="Wagner" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[2083,2253,1298,1319]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Gerbillus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dasyurus">Wagner's Dipodil</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83401FFB0E92629527F13868D" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="962653633401FFB0E92629527F13868D" blockId="39.[2063,2656,1371,1794]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">
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<emphasis id="A4ED8F713401FFB0E92629527FE5866B" bold="true" box="[2065,2220,1371,1400]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03401FFB0E9F829527F1C868D" authority="Wagner, 1842" authorityName="Wagner" authorityYear="1842" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Meriones" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dasyurus">Meriones dasyurus Wagner, 1842</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83401FFB0E95129887E58868D" box="[2150,2321,1409,1438]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="962653633401FFB0E95129887E58868D" blockId="39.[2063,2656,1371,1794]" box="[2150,2321,1409,1438]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">
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<materialsCitation id="26F1593E3401FFB0E95129887E58868D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3864424404" box="[2150,2321,1409,1438]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">Sinai, Egypt.</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83401FFB0E92629AC7EBE852E" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="962653633401FFB0E92629AC7EBE852E" blockId="39.[2063,2656,1371,1794]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">
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D. L. Harrison and P. J. J. Bates undertook a revision of this taxon in 1991, but in 2005 G. G. Musser and M. D. Carleton placed it in the genus
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03401FFB0E9F12A127E02852E" authorityName="Lataste" authorityYear="1881" box="[2246,2379,1563,1597]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Dipodillus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Dipodillus</taxonomicName>
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. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83401FFB0E9382A4E7E1F85A0" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" type="distribution">
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<caption id="C2E603EB3401FFB0E9382A4E7E1F85A0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6887357" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6887357" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6887357/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" startId="39.[2063,2235,1607,1636]" targetBox="[1449,2040,1371,1784]" targetPageId="39">
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<paragraph id="962653633401FFB0E9382A4E7E1F85A0" blockId="39.[2063,2656,1371,1794]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">
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<emphasis id="A4ED8F713401FFB0E9382A4E7FF68577" bold="true" box="[2063,2239,1607,1636]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">Distribution.</emphasis>
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S Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Palestine, Jordan, Egypt (Sinai), Iraq, and Arabian Peninsula.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83401FFB0E9382AB071528B01" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" type="description">
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<paragraph id="962653633401FFB0E9382AB071528B01" blockId="39.[2063,2656,1371,1794]" lastBlockId="39.[1441,2658,1798,3485]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">
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<emphasis id="A4ED8F713401FFB0E9382AB07E6485C8" bold="true" box="[2063,2349,1721,1755]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 70-110 mm, tail 85-140 mm, ear 9-16 mm, hindfoot 20-27 mm; weight 15-35 g. In Turkey, male Wagner's Gerbils are significantly smaller in head-body length but heavier in weight than females. Medium-sized gerbil with long hairy tail (122-155% of head-body length) terminating in a pencil. Soles of hindfeet are naked. Pelage is long and dense, with pale gray-yellow dorsal color and pure white ventral one. Supraorbital and auricular white patches are present,as is a black eyebrow. Females bear four pairs of mammae. Diploid number 2n = 60 and FN = 66-70.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83401FFB0E49E24137E9E8A64" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="962653633401FFB0E49E24137E9E8A64" blockId="39.[1441,2658,1798,3485]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">
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<emphasis id="A4ED8F713401FFB0E49E241371518B2F" bold="true" box="[1449,1560,2074,2108]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">Habitat.</emphasis>
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In Arabia, Wagner’s Gerbil is found in steppic zones in deserts and it prefers rocky areas. Limestone escarpments with
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03401FFB0E904244F7F858B70" box="[2099,2252,2118,2147]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Rhanterium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Rhanterium</taxonomicName>
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epapposum (
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03401FFB0E840244F7D598B70" box="[2423,2576,2118,2147]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
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) and herbs and grasses are also favored. In Yemen it was found in thorn thickets or at the edge of cultivated fields. It may be found on sandstone hills at 500-2000 m in Israel. In Jordan, rocky areas with low vegetation (
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03401FFB0E6D124B17F148BC9" box="[2022,2141,2232,2266]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Anabasis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Anabasis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03401FFB0E95924B17F9A8BC9" box="[2158,2259,2232,2266]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Atriplex" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Atriplex</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03401FFB0E9D424B17EEE8BC9" box="[2275,2471,2232,2266]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Halogeton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">Halogeton spp.</taxonomicName>
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, all
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03401FFB0E8D524B1715C8A12" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Amaranthaceae</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03401FFB0E75324D671968A12" box="[1636,1759,2271,2305]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Artemisia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Artemisia</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03401FFB0E7DA24D670CF8A12" box="[1773,1926,2271,2305]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
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) are preferred and sandysoilis avoided. In Turkey, rocky hills with poorsoil and vegetation are favored. Different habitats were reported for the Negev (southern Israel) population but, similarly, sand dunes were avoided and preference was shown for hills and dry river beds with sandy gravel soils.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DE8300E83401FFB0E490257470168AF8" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph id="962653633401FFB0E490257470168AF8" blockId="39.[1441,2658,1798,3485]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">
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<emphasis id="A4ED8F713401FFB0E490257471E68A8C" bold="true" box="[1447,1711,2429,2463]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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Wagner's Gerbil is herbivorous, foraging on soil surface for seeds of annual herbs such as
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03401FFB0E63E25AD7F6C8AD5" box="[1801,2085,2468,2502]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Medicago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Fabaceae">Medicago (Fabaceae)</taxonomicName>
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and
|
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<taxonomicName id="519928E03401FFB0E94125AD7F928AD5" box="[2166,2267,2468,2502]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Atriplex" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Atriplex</taxonomicName>
|
||
, or succulent plants; some insects may be included in diet.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83401FFB0E49125FA702789BC" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="962653633401FFB0E49125FA702789BC" blockId="39.[1441,2658,1798,3485]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">
|
||
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713401FFB0E49125FA71648906" bold="true" box="[1446,1581,2547,2581]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Reproduction season of Wagner's Gerbil is long (February—October). Gestation is apparently 18-22 days in Israel and 24-26 days in Saudi Arabia. Females may bear 3-7 embryos, and litters are of 2-7 young (average 4-8) in captivity. Young at birth weigh 1-7 g, and are naked and altricial. First hairs appear at day 5, eyes open at day 22, and young are weaned at day 40.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83401FFB0E49426B17F93885C" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="962653633401FFB0E49426B17F93885C" blockId="39.[1441,2658,1798,3485]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">
|
||
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713401FFB0E49426B171DA89C9" bold="true" box="[1443,1683,2744,2778]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Wagner's Gerbil is strictly nocturnal and terrestrial. It digs simple burrows with one tunnel, a chamber, and aeration pits generally located under the bush and closed during day in desert. Tunnel length varies, 0-45-3 m, and average tunnel volume is between 0-29 dm’ and 4-2 dm? in Jordan.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83401FFB0E493275370288F9A" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="962653633401FFB0E493275370288F9A" blockId="39.[1441,2658,1798,3485]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">
|
||
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713401FFB0E49327537F3B8864" bold="true" box="[1444,2162,2906,2935]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
Density of Wagner's Gerbils fluctuates strongly between years and may be dependent on rainfall patterns. In Negev highlands, population varied from 7-3 ind/ha to 32-3 ind/ha in a preferred habitat and was lower in others (0-2-12 ind/ha). Mean home range in Israel was 10-7 m? for males and 8-9 m® for females. May forage at considerable distance from burrow at night. In captivity, existence of some sociality was reported, with territory-marking, “ceremonial” digging, drumming with hindfeet, and the rubbing of secretions from mid-ventral glands on substrate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83401FFB0E49420997E888E13" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="962653633401FFB0E49420997E888E13" blockId="39.[1441,2658,1798,3485]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">
|
||
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713401FFB0E494209970488FA1" bold="true" box="[1443,1793,3216,3250]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern according to The IUCN Red List. Quite common. Wagner's Gerbil may be found in some protected areas. Longevity in the wild reaches 2-5 years, compared with more than four years in captivity.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="DE8300E83401FFB0E494211A7EE28E8E" pageId="39" pageNumber="638" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="962653633401FFB0E494211A7EE28E8E" blockId="39.[1441,2658,1798,3485]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">
|
||
<emphasis id="A4ED8F713401FFB0E494211A71728E3B" bold="true" box="[1443,1595,3347,3368]" pageId="39" pageNumber="638">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Abu Baker & Amr (2003), Al-Khalili & Delany (1986), Amr (2000), Aulagnier et al. (2009), Bahmanyar & Lay (1975), Fiedler (1973), Happold (2013a), Harrison & Bates (1991), Hatough-Bouran (1990), KryStufek & Vohralik (2009), Lewis et al. (1965), Mendelssohn & Yom-Tov (1999), Musser & Carleton (2005), Qumsiyeh et al. (1986), Shenbrot et al. (1997), Wassif et al. (1969), Yigit et al. (2003), Zahavi & Wahrman (1957).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |