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<mods:title id="D0A16705CF152BA50B4D017BFDD370C9">Revision of the Holarctic genus Rhynchotalona Norman, 1903 (Anomopoda: Chydoridae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="039487C9FFFEFF9B1E8D5F39FE83FCB0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5686233" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119512400" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5686233" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039487C9FFFEFF9B1E8D5F39FE83FCB0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039487C9FFFEFF9B1E8D5F39FE83FCB0" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="196" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">
<subSubSection id="C3276554FFFEFF901E8D5F39FD4EFA80" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8236DFFFFEFF901E8D5F39FDB6FBF9" blockId="3.[151,581,1051,1078]" box="[151,581,1051,1078]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">
<heading id="D0CA81B3FFFEFF901E8D5F39FDB6FBF9" bold="true" box="[151,581,1051,1078]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D5CFFFEFF901E8D5F39FDB6FBF9" ID-CoL="6WW3B" authority="Sars, 1862" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1862" box="[151,581,1051,1078]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Rhynchotalona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falcata">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFFEFF901E8D5F39FDB6FBF9" bold="true" box="[151,581,1051,1078]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFFEFF901E8D5F39FE59FBFA" bold="true" box="[151,426,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">Rhynchotalona falcata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B2EFFFEFF901FA05F3EFDCEFBF9" author="Sars" box="[442,573,1052,1078]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" refString="Sars, G. O. (1862 a) Hr. Studios medic. G. O. Sars meddeelte en af talrige Afbildninger ledsaget Oversigt af de af ham i Omegnen af Christiania iagttagne Crustacea cladocera. Forh. VidenskSelsk. Krist, Aar 1861, 144 - 167." type="journal article" year="1862">Sars, 1862</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236DFFFFEFF901E8D5F40FD4EFA80" blockId="3.[151,1436,1122,1359]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B2EFFFEFF901E8D5F40FEF1FBB7" author="Sars" box="[151,258,1122,1144]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" refString="Sars, G. O. [1861] (1993) Om de i Christiania's omegn forecommende ferskvandskredsdyr. - On the freshwater Crustacea occurring in the vicinity of Christiania. University of Bergen, Norway, 199 pp." type="book" year="1861">Sars, 1861</bibRefCitation>
(1993): 139141, Pl. 100: figs 13, Pl. 101: figs 17 (
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D5CFFFEFF901D375F40FBD0FBB7" box="[813,1059,1122,1144]" class="Crustacea" family="Chydoridae" genus="Harporhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falcatus">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFFEFF901D375F40FBD0FBB7" box="[813,1059,1122,1144]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">Harporhynchus falcatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, name in manuscript, published only in 1993); 1862a: 162 (
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D5CFFFEFF901FAE5FA3FE03FB58" box="[436,496,1153,1175]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Alona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFFEFF901FAE5FA3FE03FB58" box="[436,496,1153,1175]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">Alona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D5CFFFEFF901C1A5FA3FD04FB58" box="[512,759,1153,1175]" class="Crustacea" family="Chydoridae" genus="Harporhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falcatus">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFFEFF901C1A5FA3FD04FB58" box="[512,759,1153,1175]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">Harporhynchus falcatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
);
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B2EFFFEFF901D0A5FA3FC38FB58" author="Muller" box="[784,971,1153,1175]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" refString="Muller, P. E. (1867) Danmarks Cladocera. Naturhistorisk tidsskrift, 3, 53 - 240." type="journal article" year="1867">Müller P.E., 1867</bibRefCitation>
: 183184, Pl. 4: figs 1314 (
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D5CFFFEFF901B1B5FA3FA7FFB58" box="[1281,1420,1153,1175]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Alona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falcata">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFFEFF901B1B5FA3FA7FFB58" box="[1281,1420,1153,1175]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">Alona falcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
);
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B2EFFFEFF901EDD5F83FE4DFB79" author="Norman" box="[199,446,1184,1206]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" refString="Norman, A. M. &amp; Brady, G. S. (1867) A monograph of the British Entomostraca belonging to the families Bosminidae, Macrothricidae and Lynceidae. Natural History Transactions of Northumberland and Durham, 1, 354 - 408." type="journal article" year="1867">Norman &amp; Brady, 1867</bibRefCitation>
: 387, Pl. 18 (
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D5CFFFEFF901C515F83FD06FB79" box="[587,757,1184,1206]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Lynceus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falcatus">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFFEFF901C515F83FD06FB79" box="[587,757,1184,1206]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">Lynceus falcatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
);
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B2EFFFEFF901D175F82FC6FFB79" author="Hellich" box="[781,924,1184,1206]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" refString="Hellich, B. (1877) Die Cladoceren Bohmens. Archiv fur die naturwissenschaftlichen Landesdurchforschung von Bohmen, 3 (4), 1 - 131. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 13316" type="journal article" year="1877">Hellich, 1877</bibRefCitation>
: 92, figs 5253 (
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D5CFFFEFF901A575F82FB24FB79" box="[1101,1239,1184,1206]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Alona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falcata">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFFEFF901A575F82FB24FB79" box="[1101,1239,1184,1206]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">Alona falcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); Lilljeborg, 1901: 488492, Pl. 69: figs 2226, Pl 70: figs 15 (
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D5CFFFEFF901C825F9CFC76FB1B" box="[664,901,1214,1236]" class="Insecta" family="Brentidae" genus="Leptorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falcatus">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFFEFF901C825F9CFC76FB1B" box="[664,901,1214,1236]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">Leptorhynchus falcatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
);
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B2EFFFEFF901D865F9DFBC0FB1B" author="Norman" box="[924,1075,1214,1236]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" refString="Norman, C. A. M. (1903) New generic names for some Entomostraca and Cirripedia. Annals of Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 11, 367 - 369." type="journal article" year="1903">Norman, 1903</bibRefCitation>
: 367;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B2EFFFEFF901A685F9DFB10FB1B" author="Herr" box="[1138,1251,1214,1236]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" refString="Herr, O. (1917) Die Phyllopodenfauna der preusssischen Oberlausitz und der benachbarten Gebiete. Abhandl. Naturfosch." type="book" year="1917">Herr, 1917</bibRefCitation>
: 112113, fig. 36;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B2EFFFEFF901EDD5FFFFE92FB3C" author="Behning" box="[199,353,1245,1267]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" refString="Behning, A. L. (1941) The Cladocerans of the Caucasus. Gruzmedgiz Publishing, Tbilisi, 384 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1941">Behning, 1941</bibRefCitation>
: 274275, fig. 113;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B2EFFFEFF901C295FFFFCB8FB3C" author="Sramek-Husek" box="[563,843,1245,1267]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" refString="Sramek-Husek, R., Strascraba, M. &amp; Brtek, J. (1962) Lupenonozci-Branchiopoda. Fauna C SSR, Praha, 16, 1 - 472." type="journal article" year="1962">
Šrámek-Hušek
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFFEFF901CC85FFCFCF4FB3C" box="[722,775,1245,1267]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">et al.</emphasis>
, 1962
</bibRefCitation>
: 352354, fig. 131;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B2EFFFEFF901A055FFFFB22FB3C" author="Manujlova" box="[1055,1233,1245,1267]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" refString="Manujlova, E. F. (1964) The cladocerans of fauna of the USSR. Opredeliteli po faune SSSR, 88, 1 - 327. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1964">Manujlova, 1964</bibRefCitation>
: 236237, fig. 121;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B2EFFFEFF901EDD5FDEFE93FADD" author="Smirnov" box="[199,352,1276,1298]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" refString="Smirnov, N. N. (1971) Chydoridae fauny mira. Fauna USSR. Rakoobraznie, 1. Leningrad, 531 pp. [English translation: Chydoridae of the world. Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem, 1974]" type="book" year="1971">Smirnov, 1971</bibRefCitation>
: 489491, figs. 618621;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B2EFFFEFF901C7C5FDEFD0EFADD" author="Flossner" box="[614,765,1276,1298]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" refString="Flossner, D. (1972) Krebstiere, Crustacea (Kiemen- und Blattfusser. Branchiopoda, Fischlausse, Branchiura). Die Tierwelt Deutschlands. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena, 499 pp." type="book" year="1972">Flössner, 1972</bibRefCitation>
: 322324, fig. 152;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B2EFFFEFF901DDD5FDFFBA0FADD" author="Negrea" box="[967,1107,1276,1298]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" refString="Negrea, S. (1983) Cladocera. Fauna Republicii Socialiste Romania, Bucure s ti. Crustacea, 4, 1 - 399." type="journal article" year="1983">Negrea, 1983</bibRefCitation>
: 332333, fig. 136;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B2EFFFEFF901B075FDEFF0EFAFF" author="Margaritora" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" refString="Margaritora, F. G. (1983) Cladoceri (Crustacea, Cladocera). Guide per il riconoscimento delle specie animali delle acque interne italiane, Verona, 22, 1 - 169." type="journal article" year="1983">Margaritora, 1983</bibRefCitation>
: 158, fig. 104;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B2EFFFEFF901F8E5E38FDBDFAFF" author="Margaritora" box="[404,590,1306,1328]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" refString="Margaritora, F. G. (1985) Cladocera. Fauna d'ltalia Edizioni Calderini, Bologna, 23, 1 - 399." type="journal article" year="1985">Margaritora, 1985</bibRefCitation>
: 333334, fig. 132;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B2EFFFEFF901D155E38FC6EFAFF" author="Alonso" box="[783,925,1306,1328]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" refString="Alonso, M. (1996) Crustacea, Branchiopoda. Vol. 7. Fauna Iberica. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales. Consejo Superior de Investigationes Cientificas, Madrid, 486 pp." type="book" year="1996">Alonso, 1996</bibRefCitation>
: 373378, figs 168, 169;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B2EFFFEFF901A865E38FAC7FAFF" author="Flossner" box="[1180,1332,1306,1328]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" refString="Flossner, D. (2000) Die Haplopoda und Cladocera (ohne Bosminidae) Mitteleuropas. Backhuys, Leiden, 428 pp." type="book" year="2000">Flössner, 2000</bibRefCitation>
: 358360, fig. 132;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B2EFFFEFF901F395E18FE18FA80" author="Kotov" box="[291,491,1337,1359]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" refString="Kotov, A. A., Sinev, A. Y., Glagolev, S. M., Smirnov, N. N. (2010 b) Water fleas (Cladocera). In: Alexeev, V. R. &amp; Tsalolokhin, S. Y. (Eds.), Key book for zooplankton and zoobenthos of fresh waters of European Russia. KMK, Moscow, pp. 151 - 276." type="book chapter" year="2010" yearSuffix="b">
Kotov
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFFEFF901F725E18FE6FFA80" box="[360,412,1337,1359]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">et al.</emphasis>
, 2010b
</bibRefCitation>
: 255, fig. 145: 910.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3276554FFFEFF901E8D5E5EFB6DF81B" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8236DFFFFEFF901E8D5E5EFC2BFA5A" blockId="3.[151,1437,1404,2005]" box="[151,984,1404,1429]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFFEFF901E8D5E5EFEC6FA5A" bold="true" box="[151,309,1404,1429]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">
<typeStatus id="5486887DFFFEFF901E8D5E5EFF21FA5A" box="[151,210,1404,1429]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
Lake Marisvand (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B2EFFFEFF901C185E5EFD8EFA5A" author="Sars" box="[514,637,1404,1429]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" refString="Sars, G. O. (1862 a) Hr. Studios medic. G. O. Sars meddeelte en af talrige Afbildninger ledsaget Oversigt af de af ham i Omegnen af Christiania iagttagne Crustacea cladocera. Forh. VidenskSelsk. Krist, Aar 1861, 144 - 167." type="journal article" year="1862">Sars, 1862</bibRefCitation>
), the vicinity of Oslo,
<collectingCountry id="F32A764FFFFEFF901D6D5E5FFC20FA5A" box="[887,979,1405,1429]" name="Norway" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">Norway</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236DFFFFEFF901EDD5EBDFB6DF81B" blockId="3.[151,1437,1404,2005]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFFEFF901EDD5EBDFE66FA77" bold="true" box="[199,405,1439,1464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">Material studied.</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D3BFD56FFFEFF901F875EBDFDF9FA77" box="[413,522,1439,1464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" type="female">5 females</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="9D3BFD56FFFEFF901C585E82FD6AFA77" box="[578,665,1439,1464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
from Dofinovsky Liman of Black Sea, near Odessa,
<collectingCountry id="F32A764FFFFEFF901AE95EBDFAA3FA77" box="[1267,1360,1439,1464]" name="Ukraine" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
, slides NNS MGU 5051, 540, 715, 977, 1926, 2022;
<specimenCount id="9D3BFD56FFFEFF901CD95EE6FCC0FA12" box="[707,819,1476,1501]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" type="female">5 females</specimenCount>
from north portion of Lake Svyatoe, Island Bolshoy Solovetsky, Arkhangelsk Area,
<collectingCountry id="F32A764FFFFEFF901C105EC5FDA4F9CF" box="[522,599,1511,1536]" name="Russia" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">Russia</collectingCountry>
, coll.
<date id="FF83101FFFFEFF901CBF5EC5FCD0F9CF" box="[677,803,1511,1536]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" value="2012-10-06">10.06.2012</date>
by A. Makhrov &amp; V. Artamonova, AAK M-2482;
<specimenCount id="9D3BFD56FFFEFF901B945ECAFF1DF9EA" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
from Lakhta Bay, Chudskoe Lake, Pskov Area,
<collectingCountry id="F32A764FFFFEFF901D145D2EFCA8F9EA" box="[782,859,1548,1573]" name="Russia" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">Russia</collectingCountry>
, coll.
<date id="FF83101FFFFEFF901D855D2EFBEEF9EB" box="[927,1053,1548,1572]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" value="2007-08-18">18.08.2007</date>
by A. A. Kotov &amp; Y. R. Galimov, AAK M-0594;
<specimenCount id="9D3BFD56FFFEFF901F535D12FE4BF987" box="[329,440,1583,1608]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
from Lake Shlino, Tver Area,
<collectingCountry id="F32A764FFFFEFF901D3E5D0DFC82F987" box="[804,881,1583,1608]" name="Russia" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">Russia</collectingCountry>
, coll.
<date id="FF83101FFFFEFF901DA05D12FBCBF987" box="[954,1080,1584,1608]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" value="2010-08-14">14.08.2010</date>
by T. P. Korobkova, AAK M- 1799;
<specimenCount id="9D3BFD56FFFEFF901EF85D76FE93F9A2" box="[226,352,1620,1645]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" type="female">10 females</specimenCount>
from Pukhlinskiy Stvor, Uglich Water Reservoir, Tver Area,
<collectingCountry id="F32A764FFFFEFF901A2D5D76FB77F9A2" box="[1079,1156,1620,1645]" name="Russia" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">Russia</collectingCountry>
, coll. 0 6.06.2010 by A. Invanovsky, AAK M-1546;
<specimenCount id="9D3BFD56FFFEFF901FCF5D5AFDBCF95F" box="[469,591,1655,1680]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" type="female">20 females</specimenCount>
from Uglich water Reservoir, Yaroslavl Area,
<collectingCountry id="F32A764FFFFEFF901A725D55FB46F95F" box="[1128,1205,1655,1680]" name="Russia" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">Russia</collectingCountry>
, coll.
<date id="FF83101FFFFEFF901AE05D55FA8AF95F" box="[1274,1401,1655,1680]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" value="1962-08-23">23.08.1962</date>
by N. N. Smirnov, NNS 1999-005 &amp; AAK 1999-042; numerous parthenogenetic females, several males and ephippial females from Lake Glubokoe, Ruza district, Moscow area,
<collectingCountry id="F32A764FFFFEFF901D4B5D9DFC6DF917" box="[849,926,1727,1752]" name="Russia" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">Russia</collectingCountry>
, coll. 08-09.1999, AAK 1999-088 - 089;
<specimenCount id="9D3BFD56FFFEFF901B945D9DFF1DF932" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" type="female">5 females</specimenCount>
from Lake Turgoyak near Island Svyatoy Very, Chelyabinsk Area,
<collectingCountry id="F32A764FFFFEFF901DF65DC6FBCAF932" box="[1004,1081,1764,1789]" name="Russia" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">Russia</collectingCountry>
, coll. 2011 by T. S. Dorofeeva, AAK M-2169; 6 parthenogenetic females from Usu lake, Yakutia Autonomous Republic,
<collectingCountry id="F32A764FFFFEFF901A975C25FB29F8EF" box="[1165,1242,1799,1824]" name="Russia" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">Russia</collectingCountry>
, coll. 0 4.08.2010 by A. A. Kotov, AAK 2011-003; 3 parthenogenetic females from lake Bayan Nuur near town Zuungovi, Uvs Aimag,
<collectingCountry id="F32A764FFFFEFF901EE95C6DFE90F8A7" box="[243,355,1871,1896]" name="Mongolia" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
, coll.
<date id="FF83101FFFFEFF901FB35C6DFDD4F8A7" box="[425,551,1871,1896]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" value="2006-10-09">10.09.2006</date>
by Ch. Jersabek, AAK 2008-090;
<specimenCount id="9D3BFD56FFFEFF901DAF5C72FBD0F8A7" box="[949,1059,1871,1896]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
from Hoid Gol (backwater) near Zuungovi (town), Uvs Aimag,
<collectingCountry id="F32A764FFFFEFF901FEF5C56FD96F842" box="[501,613,1908,1933]" name="Mongolia" pageId="3" pageNumber="191">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
, coll.
<date id="FF83101FFFFEFF901CB05C56FCD4F842" box="[682,807,1908,1933]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" value="2006-11-09">11.09.2006</date>
by Ch. Jersabek, AAK 2008-088;
<specimenCount id="9D3BFD56FFFEFF901AAB5C56FAEDF842" box="[1201,1310,1908,1933]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
from Khar Nuur (Lake), Khovd Aimag, coll. 0 8.2010 by D.P. Karabanov, AAK M-1730;
<specimenCount id="9D3BFD56FFFEFF901A495CB5FB35F87F" box="[1107,1222,1943,1968]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" type="female">5 females</specimenCount>
from a bay with vegetation, Hurgan Nuur, Olgiy Aimag, coll.
<date id="FF83101FFFFEFF901C895C9EFCE1F81B" box="[659,786,1980,2004]" pageId="3" pageNumber="191" value="2008-10-08">10.08.2008</date>
by D.P. Karabanov, AAK M-0783.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3276554FFF9FF9B1EDD5BB5FB12FD3F" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="196" pageId="4" pageNumber="192" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8236DFFFF9FF971EDD5BB5FDEBFF37" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="192">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFF9FF971EDD5BB5FD60FF7F" bold="true" box="[199,659,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="192">Redescription. Parthenogenetic female</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFF9FF971CBB5BB5FD0EFF7F" box="[673,765,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="192">General</emphasis>
. Body shape (
<figureCitation id="13062A5AFFF9FF971D845BB5FC28FF7F" box="[926,987,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[160,1436,453,1783]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,445,1810]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Rhynchotalona falcata from Glubokoe Lake, Ruza District, Moscow Area, Russia, parthenogentic female. A D, lateral, ventral, dorsal and anterior view of an adult female. E F, antero-ventral and postero-ventral corners of valve. G H, head in lateral view. I, head in ventral view. J L, postabdomen. M, antennule. N, antenna. Scale bars: 0.1 mm for A D, G M; 0.05 mm for E F, N." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229102/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="192">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
AD, 2AC) and morphology of valves (
<figureCitation id="13062A5AFFF9FF971E855B9EFF2DFF1B" box="[159,222,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[160,1436,453,1783]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,445,1810]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Rhynchotalona falcata from Glubokoe Lake, Ruza District, Moscow Area, Russia, parthenogentic female. A D, lateral, ventral, dorsal and anterior view of an adult female. E F, antero-ventral and postero-ventral corners of valve. G H, head in lateral view. I, head in ventral view. J L, postabdomen. M, antennule. N, antenna. Scale bars: 0.1 mm for A D, G M; 0.05 mm for E F, N." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229102/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="192">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
EF, 2D) as for genus. Valves from previous molts retained rarely. Ventral margin of valves with posterior group of setae of moderate length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236DFFFF9FF971EDD5A26FB5FFE47" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="192">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFF9FF971EDD5A26FEF7FED2" box="[199,260,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="192">Head</emphasis>
as for genus. Rostrum long, more than two times longer than antennule, evenly curved (
<figureCitation id="13062A5AFFF9FF971AFF5A26FAD0FED3" box="[1253,1315,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[160,1436,453,1783]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,445,1810]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Rhynchotalona falcata from Glubokoe Lake, Ruza District, Moscow Area, Russia, parthenogentic female. A D, lateral, ventral, dorsal and anterior view of an adult female. E F, antero-ventral and postero-ventral corners of valve. G H, head in lateral view. I, head in ventral view. J L, postabdomen. M, antennule. N, antenna. Scale bars: 0.1 mm for A D, G M; 0.05 mm for E F, N." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229102/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="192">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
GH, 2E). Head shield as for genus. Major head pore as elongated, narrow rimmed field, slightly narrowing in the middle, length about 4 width (
<figureCitation id="13062A5AFFF9FF971F805A6EFE12FEAB" box="[410,481,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1305,1327]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1283]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1284]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhynchotalona falcata from Glubokoe Lake, Ruza District, Moscow Area, Russia, parthenogentic female. A С, lateral, latero-ventral and anterior view. D, postero-ventral angle of valves and distal portion of postabdomen. E, head. F, head pores. G H, postabdomen. I, postabdominal claw. J K, antenna. Scale bar 0.1 mm for A C; 0.01 mm for D E, G K; 0.001 mm for F." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229103/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="192">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
F). Lateral head pores as for genus. Labrum as for genus, examination under high magnification reveals two lateral groups of thin setules in posterior half of the keel (
<figureCitation id="13062A5AFFF9FF971A5E5A4DFB7BFE47" box="[1092,1160,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1785,1807]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,203,1761]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1764]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Rhynchotalona falcata from Glubokoe Lake, Ruza District, Moscow Area, Russia. A H, parthenogenetic female, labrum and thoracic limbs. A, labrum. B, limb I. C, ODL and IDL of limb I. D, limb II. E, exopodite of limb III. F G, inner portion of limb III. H, exopodite of limb IV. I, inner portion of limb IV. J, limb V. K, limb VI. L, juvenile male of instar II, ODL, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. M N, adult male, thoracic limb I. M, general view. N, ODL, copulatory hook, and IDL. Scale bar 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229105/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="192">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
A).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF426657FFF9FF971E8D5C05FEC5F856" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229102/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="192" targetBox="[160,1436,453,1783]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8B8236DFFFF9FF971E8D5C05FEC5F856" blockId="4.[151,1436,1831,1945]" pageId="4" pageNumber="192">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFF9FF971E8D5C05FEFDF8F3" bold="true" box="[151,270,1831,1853]" pageId="4" pageNumber="192">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D5CFFF9FF971F015C05FDF1F8F2" box="[283,514,1831,1853]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Rhynchotalona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="4" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falcata">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFF9FF971F015C05FDF1F8F2" box="[283,514,1831,1853]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="192">Rhynchotalona falcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Glubokoe Lake, Ruza District, Moscow Area, Russia, parthenogentic female. AD, lateral, ventral, dorsal and anterior view of an adult female. EF, antero-ventral and postero-ventral corners of valve. GH, head in lateral view. I, head in ventral view. JL, postabdomen. M, antennule. N, antenna. Scale bars: 0.1 mm for AD, GM; 0.05 mm for EF, N.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF426657FFF8FF961E8D5E3BFF3DFA44" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229103/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="193" targetBox="[151,1435,193,1283]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8B8236DFFFF8FF961E8D5E3BFF3DFA44" blockId="5.[151,1436,1305,1419]" pageId="5" pageNumber="193">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFF8FF961E8D5E3BFEFDFAE1" bold="true" box="[151,270,1305,1327]" pageId="5" pageNumber="193">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D5CFFF8FF961F065E3BFDF1FAE0" box="[284,514,1305,1327]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Rhynchotalona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="5" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falcata">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFF8FF961F065E3BFDF1FAE0" box="[284,514,1305,1327]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="193">Rhynchotalona falcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Glubokoe Lake, Ruza District, Moscow Area, Russia, parthenogentic female. AС, lateral, latero-ventral and anterior view. D, postero-ventral angle of valves and distal portion of postabdomen. E, head. F, head pores. GH, postabdomen. I, postabdominal claw. JK, antenna. Scale bar 0.1 mm for AC; 0.01 mm for DE, GK; 0.001 mm for F.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8236DFFFF8FF961EDD5E90FCA8F9F8" blockId="5.[151,1436,1458,2023]" pageId="5" pageNumber="193">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFF8FF961EDD5E90FE93FA04" box="[199,352,1458,1483]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="193">Postabdomen</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13062A5AFFF8FF961F6B5E90FE41FA04" box="[369,434,1458,1483]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[160,1436,453,1783]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,445,1810]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Rhynchotalona falcata from Glubokoe Lake, Ruza District, Moscow Area, Russia, parthenogentic female. A D, lateral, ventral, dorsal and anterior view of an adult female. E F, antero-ventral and postero-ventral corners of valve. G H, head in lateral view. I, head in ventral view. J L, postabdomen. M, antennule. N, antenna. Scale bars: 0.1 mm for A D, G M; 0.05 mm for E F, N." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229102/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="193">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
JL, 2GI) clearly narrowing distally, length about 3 height. Postanal margin with 23 large, sharp, slender, single marginal denticles, followed by 3 groups of 23 much smaller thin denticles. Lateral fascicles of setules in postanal portion consisting of 46 long setules, distal setules in fascicles only little shorter than distal marginal denticle. Postabdominal claw as for genus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236DFFFF8FF961EDD5D60FB8BF994" blockId="5.[151,1436,1458,2023]" box="[199,1144,1602,1627]" pageId="5" pageNumber="193">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFF8FF961EDD5D60FECAF994" box="[199,313,1602,1627]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="193">Antennule</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13062A5AFFF8FF961F525D60FE75F994" box="[328,390,1602,1627]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[160,1436,453,1783]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,445,1810]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Rhynchotalona falcata from Glubokoe Lake, Ruza District, Moscow Area, Russia, parthenogentic female. A D, lateral, ventral, dorsal and anterior view of an adult female. E F, antero-ventral and postero-ventral corners of valve. G H, head in lateral view. I, head in ventral view. J L, postabdomen. M, antennule. N, antenna. Scale bars: 0.1 mm for A D, G M; 0.05 mm for E F, N." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229102/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="193">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
N) as for genus, antennal seta arising at 1/2 distance from the base.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236DFFFF8FF961EDD5D45FCC6F96C" blockId="5.[151,1436,1458,2023]" pageId="5" pageNumber="193">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFF8FF961EDD5D45FED6F9B1" box="[199,293,1639,1662]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="193">Antenna</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13062A5AFFF8FF961F2D5D44FE89F9B0" box="[311,378,1638,1663]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[160,1436,453,1783]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,445,1810]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Rhynchotalona falcata from Glubokoe Lake, Ruza District, Moscow Area, Russia, parthenogentic female. A D, lateral, ventral, dorsal and anterior view of an adult female. E F, antero-ventral and postero-ventral corners of valve. G H, head in lateral view. I, head in ventral view. J L, postabdomen. M, antennule. N, antenna. Scale bars: 0.1 mm for A D, G M; 0.05 mm for E F, N." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229102/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="193">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
M, 2JK) as for genus. Spine on proximal segment of exopodite about than 1/3 length of middle segment. Apical spines longer than apical segments.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236DFFFF8FF961EDD5D8CFBFDF908" blockId="5.[151,1436,1458,2023]" box="[199,1038,1710,1735]" pageId="5" pageNumber="193">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFF8FF961EDD5D8CFEE3F909" box="[199,272,1710,1735]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="193">Limb I</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13062A5AFFF8FF961F3A5D8CFE91F908" box="[288,354,1710,1735]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1785,1807]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,203,1761]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1764]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Rhynchotalona falcata from Glubokoe Lake, Ruza District, Moscow Area, Russia. A H, parthenogenetic female, labrum and thoracic limbs. A, labrum. B, limb I. C, ODL and IDL of limb I. D, limb II. E, exopodite of limb III. F G, inner portion of limb III. H, exopodite of limb IV. I, inner portion of limb IV. J, limb V. K, limb VI. L, juvenile male of instar II, ODL, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. M N, adult male, thoracic limb I. M, general view. N, ODL, copulatory hook, and IDL. Scale bar 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229105/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="193">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
BC) as for genus, IDL setae 23 relatively short and robust.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236DFFFF8FF961EDD5DF0FB64F924" blockId="5.[151,1436,1458,2023]" box="[199,1175,1746,1771]" pageId="5" pageNumber="193">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFF8FF961EDD5DF0FE30F924" box="[199,451,1746,1771]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="193">Limb II (fig. 4d) as for</emphasis>
genus, scraper 3 shorter and much thicker than scrapers 2 and 4.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236DFFFF8FF961EDD5DD4FE70F8FC" blockId="5.[151,1436,1458,2023]" pageId="5" pageNumber="193">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFF8FF961EDD5DD4FED6F8C1" box="[199,293,1782,1807]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="193">Limb III</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13062A5AFFF8FF961F2C5DD4FE88F8C0" box="[310,379,1782,1807]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1785,1807]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,203,1761]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1764]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Rhynchotalona falcata from Glubokoe Lake, Ruza District, Moscow Area, Russia. A H, parthenogenetic female, labrum and thoracic limbs. A, labrum. B, limb I. C, ODL and IDL of limb I. D, limb II. E, exopodite of limb III. F G, inner portion of limb III. H, exopodite of limb IV. I, inner portion of limb IV. J, limb V. K, limb VI. L, juvenile male of instar II, ODL, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. M N, adult male, thoracic limb I. M, general view. N, ODL, copulatory hook, and IDL. Scale bar 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229105/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="193">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
EG) as for genus, exopodite two times smaller than exopodite V, length of seta 3 about 2.5 heights of exopodite.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236DFFFF8FF961EDD5C1CFC78F850" blockId="5.[151,1436,1458,2023]" pageId="5" pageNumber="193">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFF8FF961EDD5C1CFED2F899" box="[199,289,1854,1879]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="193">Limb IV</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13062A5AFFF8FF961F355C1CFE82F898" box="[303,369,1854,1879]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1785,1807]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,203,1761]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1764]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Rhynchotalona falcata from Glubokoe Lake, Ruza District, Moscow Area, Russia. A H, parthenogenetic female, labrum and thoracic limbs. A, labrum. B, limb I. C, ODL and IDL of limb I. D, limb II. E, exopodite of limb III. F G, inner portion of limb III. H, exopodite of limb IV. I, inner portion of limb IV. J, limb V. K, limb VI. L, juvenile male of instar II, ODL, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. M N, adult male, thoracic limb I. M, general view. N, ODL, copulatory hook, and IDL. Scale bar 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229105/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="193">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
HI) as for genus, epipodite with long process, more than two times longer than epipodite itself, exopodite two times smaller than exopodite V, length of seta 3 about three heights of exopodite. Inner portion of limb with scraping seta (1) as long as largest flaming-torch seta (2).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236DFFFF8FF961EDD5C88FDE7F80C" blockId="5.[151,1436,1458,2023]" box="[199,532,1962,1987]" pageId="5" pageNumber="193">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFF8FF961EDD5C88FEEBF80D" box="[199,280,1962,1987]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="193">Limb V</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13062A5AFFF8FF961F325C88FE98F80C" box="[296,363,1962,1987]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1785,1807]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,203,1761]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1764]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Rhynchotalona falcata from Glubokoe Lake, Ruza District, Moscow Area, Russia. A H, parthenogenetic female, labrum and thoracic limbs. A, labrum. B, limb I. C, ODL and IDL of limb I. D, limb II. E, exopodite of limb III. F G, inner portion of limb III. H, exopodite of limb IV. I, inner portion of limb IV. J, limb V. K, limb VI. L, juvenile male of instar II, ODL, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. M N, adult male, thoracic limb I. M, general view. N, ODL, copulatory hook, and IDL. Scale bar 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229105/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="193">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
J) as for genus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236DFFFF8FF961EDD5CECFB63F828" blockId="5.[151,1436,1458,2023]" box="[199,1168,1998,2023]" pageId="5" pageNumber="193">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFF8FF961EDD5CECFED1F829" box="[199,290,1998,2023]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="193">Limb VI</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13062A5AFFF8FF961F2B5CECFE80F828" box="[305,371,1998,2023]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1785,1807]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,203,1761]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1764]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Rhynchotalona falcata from Glubokoe Lake, Ruza District, Moscow Area, Russia. A H, parthenogenetic female, labrum and thoracic limbs. A, labrum. B, limb I. C, ODL and IDL of limb I. D, limb II. E, exopodite of limb III. F G, inner portion of limb III. H, exopodite of limb IV. I, inner portion of limb IV. J, limb V. K, limb VI. L, juvenile male of instar II, ODL, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. M N, adult male, thoracic limb I. M, general view. N, ODL, copulatory hook, and IDL. Scale bar 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229105/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="193">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
K) small, much smaller than exopodites IIIIV, with short, thin setules.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236DFFFFBFF951EDD5BB5FDB7FF1A" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="194">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFFBFF951EDD5BB5FE69FF7F" bold="true" box="[199,410,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="194">Ephippial female.</emphasis>
Body outline similar to parthenogenetic female. Ephippium yellow-brown, with a sculpture of moderately thick longitudinal lines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236DFFFFBFF951EDD5BFDFC9CFF37" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,357]" box="[199,879,223,248]" pageId="6" pageNumber="194">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFFBFF951EDD5BFDFEF8FF37" bold="true" box="[199,267,223,248]" pageId="6" pageNumber="194">Male.</emphasis>
Both adult and juvenile male of instar II were studied.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236DFFFFBFF951EDD5A26FEF7FEAA" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="194">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFFBFF951EDD5A26FED0FED2" box="[199,291,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="194">General</emphasis>
. Body shape low oval in both juvenile (
<figureCitation id="13062A5AFFFBFF951CE25A26FCCEFED3" box="[760,829,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,410,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,409,1898]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Rhynchotalona falcata from Glubokoe Lake, Ruza District, Moscow Area, Russia. A, postabdomen of parthenogenetic female. B, ephippial female. C F, juvenile male of instar I. C, lateral view. D, rostrum. E, postabdomen. F, antennule. G L, adult male. G H, same specimen in lateral view and ventral view. I, rostrum. J K, postabdomen. L, distal part of antennule. Scale bars: 0.1 mm for B C, G H; 0.05 mm for A, D F, I K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229104/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="194">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
C) and adult males (
<figureCitation id="13062A5AFFFBFF951A2E5A26FB84FED3" box="[1076,1143,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,410,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,409,1898]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Rhynchotalona falcata from Glubokoe Lake, Ruza District, Moscow Area, Russia. A, postabdomen of parthenogenetic female. B, ephippial female. C F, juvenile male of instar I. C, lateral view. D, rostrum. E, postabdomen. F, antennule. G L, adult male. G H, same specimen in lateral view and ventral view. I, rostrum. J K, postabdomen. L, distal part of antennule. Scale bars: 0.1 mm for B C, G H; 0.05 mm for A, D F, I K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229104/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="194">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
GH), height-length ratio about 0.470.50. Males retaining valves from the previous molts were not observed, and not recorded in the literature.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF426657FFFBFF951E8D5CA2FC63F83D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229104/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="194" targetBox="[165,1435,410,1886]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8B8236DFFFFBFF951E8D5CA2FC63F83D" blockId="6.[151,1436,1920,2034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="194">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFFBFF951E8D5CA2FEE6F85A" bold="true" box="[151,277,1920,1942]" pageId="6" pageNumber="194">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D5CFFFBFF951F305CA2FDEAF859" box="[298,537,1920,1942]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Rhynchotalona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="6" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falcata">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFFBFF951F305CA2FDEAF859" box="[298,537,1920,1942]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="194">Rhynchotalona falcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Glubokoe Lake, Ruza District, Moscow Area, Russia. A, postabdomen of parthenogenetic female. B, ephippial female. CF, juvenile male of instar I. C, lateral view. D, rostrum. E, postabdomen. F, antennule. GL, adult male. GH, same specimen in lateral view and ventral view. I, rostrum. JK, postabdomen. L, distal part of antennule. Scale bars: 0.1 mm for BC, GH; 0.05 mm for A, DF, IK.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF426657FFFAFF941E8D5DDBFEAFF845" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229105/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="195" targetBox="[151,1435,203,1761]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8B8236DFFFFAFF941E8D5DDBFEAFF845" blockId="7.[151,1436,1785,1930]" pageId="7" pageNumber="195">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFFAFF941E8D5DDBFEFEF8C1" bold="true" box="[151,269,1785,1807]" pageId="7" pageNumber="195">FIGURE 4</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D5CFFFAFF941F005DDBFDF3F8C0" box="[282,512,1785,1807]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Rhynchotalona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="7" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falcata">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFFAFF941F005DDBFDF3F8C0" box="[282,512,1785,1807]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="195">Rhynchotalona falcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Glubokoe Lake, Ruza District, Moscow Area, Russia. AH, parthenogenetic female, labrum and thoracic limbs. A, labrum. B, limb I. C, ODL and IDL of limb I. D, limb II. E, exopodite of limb III. FG, inner portion of limb III. H, exopodite of limb IV. I, inner portion of limb IV. J, limb V. K, limb VI. L, juvenile male of instar II, ODL, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. MN, adult male, thoracic limb I. M, general view. N, ODL, copulatory hook, and IDL. Scale bar 0.05 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8236DFFFF5FF9B1EDD5BB5FAE5FF37" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,896]" pageId="8" pageNumber="196">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFF5FF9B1EDD5BB5FEF8FF7F" box="[199,267,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="196">Head.</emphasis>
Rostrum of instar II juvenile male in lateral view shorter than in adult male, evenly curved in proximal portion and almost straight in distal portion, in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="13062A5AFFF5FF9B1D5F5B9EFC74FF1B" box="[837,903,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,410,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,409,1898]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Rhynchotalona falcata from Glubokoe Lake, Ruza District, Moscow Area, Russia. A, postabdomen of parthenogenetic female. B, ephippial female. C F, juvenile male of instar I. C, lateral view. D, rostrum. E, postabdomen. F, antennule. G L, adult male. G H, same specimen in lateral view and ventral view. I, rostrum. J K, postabdomen. L, distal part of antennule. Scale bars: 0.1 mm for B C, G H; 0.05 mm for A, D F, I K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229104/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="196">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
D), similar to that of adult male but shorter and less wide. Ocellus as large as eye. In adult male, rostrum as for genus (
<figureCitation id="13062A5AFFF5FF9B1DB55BFDFC01FF37" box="[943,1010,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,410,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,409,1898]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Rhynchotalona falcata from Glubokoe Lake, Ruza District, Moscow Area, Russia. A, postabdomen of parthenogenetic female. B, ephippial female. C F, juvenile male of instar I. C, lateral view. D, rostrum. E, postabdomen. F, antennule. G L, adult male. G H, same specimen in lateral view and ventral view. I, rostrum. J K, postabdomen. L, distal part of antennule. Scale bars: 0.1 mm for B C, G H; 0.05 mm for A, D F, I K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229104/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="196">
Fig.
<date id="FF83101FFFF5FF9B1DFE5BC2FC01FF37" box="[996,1010,224,248]" pageId="8" pageNumber="196">3</date>
</figureCitation>
I), ocellus larger than eye.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236DFFFF5FF9B1EDD5A26FC1CFE47" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,896]" pageId="8" pageNumber="196">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFF5FF9B1EDD5A26FE93FED2" box="[199,352,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="196">Postabdomen</emphasis>
of juvenile male of instar II (
<figureCitation id="13062A5AFFF5FF9B1CD35A26FCFCFED3" box="[713,783,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,410,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,409,1898]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Rhynchotalona falcata from Glubokoe Lake, Ruza District, Moscow Area, Russia. A, postabdomen of parthenogenetic female. B, ephippial female. C F, juvenile male of instar I. C, lateral view. D, rostrum. E, postabdomen. F, antennule. G L, adult male. G H, same specimen in lateral view and ventral view. I, rostrum. J K, postabdomen. L, distal part of antennule. Scale bars: 0.1 mm for B C, G H; 0.05 mm for A, D F, I K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229104/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="196">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
E) similar to that of female, but have relatively shorter postanal portion and convex ventral margin. Marginal denticles and latral fascicles of setae same as in female. Postabdominal claw shorter than in female, basal spine shorter and more robust than in female. In adult male, postabdomen (
<figureCitation id="13062A5AFFF5FF9B1F265A4DFE8FFE47" box="[316,380,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,410,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,409,1898]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Rhynchotalona falcata from Glubokoe Lake, Ruza District, Moscow Area, Russia. A, postabdomen of parthenogenetic female. B, ephippial female. C F, juvenile male of instar I. C, lateral view. D, rostrum. E, postabdomen. F, antennule. G L, adult male. G H, same specimen in lateral view and ventral view. I, rostrum. J K, postabdomen. L, distal part of antennule. Scale bars: 0.1 mm for B C, G H; 0.05 mm for A, D F, I K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229104/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="196">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
JK)as for genus, evenly narrowing in postanal portion.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236DFFFF5FF9B1EDD5AB6FE13FE3A" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,896]" pageId="8" pageNumber="196">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFF5FF9B1EDD5AB6FEB3FE62" box="[199,320,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="196">Antennule.</emphasis>
In juvenile male of instar II, shape of antennule (
<figureCitation id="13062A5AFFF5FF9B1D995AB6FC34FE63" box="[899,967,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,410,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,409,1898]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Rhynchotalona falcata from Glubokoe Lake, Ruza District, Moscow Area, Russia. A, postabdomen of parthenogenetic female. B, ephippial female. C F, juvenile male of instar I. C, lateral view. D, rostrum. E, postabdomen. F, antennule. G L, adult male. G H, same specimen in lateral view and ventral view. I, rostrum. J K, postabdomen. L, distal part of antennule. Scale bars: 0.1 mm for B C, G H; 0.05 mm for A, D F, I K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229104/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="196">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
F) and aestetascs as in female, anlage of male seta located at 2/3 distance from the base. In adult male, antennule (
<figureCitation id="13062A5AFFF5FF9B1DC15A95FBEEFE1F" box="[987,1053,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,410,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,409,1898]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Rhynchotalona falcata from Glubokoe Lake, Ruza District, Moscow Area, Russia. A, postabdomen of parthenogenetic female. B, ephippial female. C F, juvenile male of instar I. C, lateral view. D, rostrum. E, postabdomen. F, antennule. G L, adult male. G H, same specimen in lateral view and ventral view. I, rostrum. J K, postabdomen. L, distal part of antennule. Scale bars: 0.1 mm for B C, G H; 0.05 mm for A, D F, I K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229104/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="196">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
L) as for genus, male seta located close to the end of antennule.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236DFFFF5FF9B1EDD5ADDFDC4FD4A" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,896]" pageId="8" pageNumber="196">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFF5FF9B1EDD5ADDFEEAFDD7" box="[199,281,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="196">Limb I.</emphasis>
In instar II juvenile male limb I (
<figureCitation id="13062A5AFFF5FF9B1C895ADDFD25FDD7" box="[659,726,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1785,1807]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,203,1761]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1764]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Rhynchotalona falcata from Glubokoe Lake, Ruza District, Moscow Area, Russia. A H, parthenogenetic female, labrum and thoracic limbs. A, labrum. B, limb I. C, ODL and IDL of limb I. D, limb II. E, exopodite of limb III. F G, inner portion of limb III. H, exopodite of limb IV. I, inner portion of limb IV. J, limb V. K, limb VI. L, juvenile male of instar II, ODL, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. M N, adult male, thoracic limb I. M, general view. N, ODL, copulatory hook, and IDL. Scale bar 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229105/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="196">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
L) with short curved copulatory hook and anlage of copulatory brush seta. IDL with anlage of male seta, IDL seta 1 very small, setae 2 and 3 similar to these of female. Endites as in female. In adult male, limb I (
<figureCitation id="13062A5AFFF5FF9B1C1D5965FDB9FDAF" box="[519,586,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1785,1807]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,203,1761]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1764]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Rhynchotalona falcata from Glubokoe Lake, Ruza District, Moscow Area, Russia. A H, parthenogenetic female, labrum and thoracic limbs. A, labrum. B, limb I. C, ODL and IDL of limb I. D, limb II. E, exopodite of limb III. F G, inner portion of limb III. H, exopodite of limb IV. I, inner portion of limb IV. J, limb V. K, limb VI. L, juvenile male of instar II, ODL, copulatory hook and IDL of limb I. M N, adult male, thoracic limb I. M, general view. N, ODL, copulatory hook, and IDL. Scale bar 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229105/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="196">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
MN) as for genus, ventral face of limb below copulatory brush with about 30 long, thin, densely spaced setules.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236DFFFF5FF9B1EDD59ADFB12FD3F" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,896]" pageId="8" pageNumber="196">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFF5FF9B1EDD59ADFEF3FD67" bold="true" box="[199,256,655,680]" pageId="8" pageNumber="196">Size:</emphasis>
length of adult parthenogenetic female
<quantity id="4CC59B3AFFF5FF9B1CDE59ADFC99FD68" box="[708,874,655,680]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.05" metricValueMax="5.699999999999999" metricValueMin="4.4" pageId="8" pageNumber="196" unit="mm" value="0.505" valueMax="0.57" valueMin="0.44">0.440.57 mm</quantity>
, height
<quantity id="4CC59B3AFFF5FF9B1DDF59ADFB98FD68" box="[965,1131,655,680]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3499999999999996" metricValueMax="3.5999999999999996" metricValueMin="3.1" pageId="8" pageNumber="196" unit="mm" value="0.33499999999999996" valueMax="0.36" valueMin="0.31">0.310.36 mm</quantity>
, length of juvenile male of instar II
<quantity id="4CC59B3AFFF5FF9B1F015996FE36FD03" box="[283,453,692,717]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4499999999999997" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="8" pageNumber="196" unit="mm" value="0.345" valueMax="0.35" valueMin="0.34">0.340.35 mm</quantity>
, height
<quantity id="4CC59B3AFFF5FF9B1C325996FD21FD03" box="[552,722,692,716]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="1.7999999999999998" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="8" pageNumber="196" unit="mm" value="0.175" valueMax="0.18" valueMin="0.17">0.170.18 mm</quantity>
, length of adult male
<quantity id="4CC59B3AFFF5FF9B1DFA5996FB79FD03" box="[992,1162,692,716]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="8" pageNumber="196" unit="mm" value="0.375" valueMax="0.38" valueMin="0.37">0.370.38 mm</quantity>
, height
<quantity id="4CC59B3AFFF5FF9B1AF75996FA6AFD03" box="[1261,1433,692,716]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.7999999999999998" pageId="8" pageNumber="196" unit="mm" value="0.185" valueMax="0.19" valueMin="0.18">0.180.19 mm</quantity>
. According to the literature, maximum length of female
<quantity id="4CC59B3AFFF5FF9B1D1E59F5FCAFFD20" box="[772,860,727,752]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="196" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
, of male -
<quantity id="4CC59B3AFFF5FF9B1DCE59FAFBD9FD20" box="[980,1066,728,752]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="196" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B2EFFF5FF9B1A2359F5FB26FD3F" author="Alonso" box="[1081,1237,727,752]" pageId="8" pageNumber="196" refString="Alonso, M. (1996) Crustacea, Branchiopoda. Vol. 7. Fauna Iberica. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales. Consejo Superior de Investigationes Cientificas, Madrid, 486 pp." type="book" year="1996">Alonso, 1996</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3276554FFF5FF9B1EDD59DEFE83FCB0" pageId="8" pageNumber="196" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B8236DFFFF5FF9B1EDD59DEFE83FCB0" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,896]" pageId="8" pageNumber="196">
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFF5FF9B1EDD59DEFE00FCDA" bold="true" box="[199,499,764,789]" pageId="8" pageNumber="196">Distribution and ecology.</emphasis>
Europe,
<collectingCountry id="F32A764FFFF5FF9B1C4359DEFD2CFCDA" box="[601,735,764,789]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="8" pageNumber="196">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
, Siberia,
<collectingCountry id="F32A764FFFF5FF9B1D5D59DEFC4BFCDA" box="[839,952,764,789]" name="Mongolia" pageId="8" pageNumber="196">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
. The species inhabits open littoral in oligo- and mesotrophhic lakes, and usually encountered on sandy bottom. According to
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B2EFFF5FF9B1A24583DFB06FCF7" author="Smirnov" box="[1086,1269,799,824]" pageId="8" pageNumber="196" refString="Smirnov, N. N. (1971) Chydoridae fauny mira. Fauna USSR. Rakoobraznie, 1. Leningrad, 531 pp. [English translation: Chydoridae of the world. Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem, 1974]" type="book" year="1971">Smirnov (1971)</bibRefCitation>
, exopodites of limbs IIIV
<emphasis id="B949EACDFFF5FF9B1F315867FD91FC92" box="[299,610,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="196">
in
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D5CFFF5FF9B1F575867FE0AFC92" box="[333,505,836,861]" class="Branchiopoda" genus="Rhynchotalona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="falcata" subSpecies="lack">R. falcata lack</taxonomicName>
mobility
</emphasis>
and do not perform pumping actions, thus the species require highly oxygenated waters.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>