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<document id="63E5820BCCF952674F09FF5E4BBB7536" ID-CLB-Dataset="96834" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5165.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6834caf1-f376-4b61-90a0-760648a94a68" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6825519" ID-ZooBank="AD1D7E0A-E190-42D5-A468-7E6E696727D1" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1657695102853" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Singh, Navneet, Ahmad, Jalil &amp; Raha, Angshuman" docDate="2022" docId="03F3540AFB3CE166E4E748DAFA87F91B" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5165.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5165 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Garudinia shompen Singh &amp; Ahmad &amp; Raha 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="82" masterDocId="FFCA2C72FB3FE165E470484DFF9FFFFA" masterDocTitle="Contribution to the Erebidae fauna of the Great Nicobar Island, India with description of two new species (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea)" masterLastPageNumber="94" masterPageNumber="79" pageNumber="82" updateTime="1699358508113" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="F9A53688203B7B9932657E49DAAFB331" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="EBBE94F5A3617125352D824E6C689AFE">
<mods:title id="4E76C7F820C408917DA7CAC6230C7E34">Contribution to the Erebidae fauna of the Great Nicobar Island, India with description of two new species (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="47A22A38FE17EED564298812C2A27961" type="personal">
<mods:role id="BFE650F577036F993B2A7DCEC4FFDCD9">
<mods:roleTerm id="99262DF4C663E5206BA9DFF9479ECEE3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="40FE054FE7BD2FFC26D29747440D0EF8">Singh, Navneet</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="CC322D0D7AC2910467EB261E27E53135">Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata- 700053, WB, India. &amp; nsgill 007 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6657 - 7983</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A65EAD91FAED6330840A5CF7CD7AC03C" type="email">nsgill007@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name id="4770E346ED847E450F1E6A180AC27310" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D8E4BCA91622C863192B2A4354B582CB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E753B61C7D2FE44BF80898C5BB84DAD0">Ahmad, Jalil</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2F9FC7442E60B5FB62DAF09D2DEE56A3" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7719-864X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="BFC04A54F55C2B0C70BF1A86B838D405">Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata- 700053, WB, India. &amp; jalilahmad 23046 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7719 - 864 X</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="73A0D240942C339E6D641E3455C4BBB8" type="email">jalilahmad23046@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name id="5A1BB7BA543B3D46D644E9E4A8B24F64" type="personal">
<mods:role id="CCCFB7462948F31F1B5EB22C0C371CBD">
<mods:roleTerm id="2C84DBE322F7B9272F2D051CB56C04CF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="EA250B3829B2344DCC1619549A74955B">Raha, Angshuman</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C29B894F0C0933DB37A5B6A7244169A9">Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata- 700053, WB, India. &amp; adroitangshuman @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6992 - 7056</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D9F4B344B1D47C2C36415355435AE74C" type="email">adroitangshuman@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="B0B8017DE2A645D3D434A6165C57F2A2">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="589F0A702872C6676B0EFACCD4732ED6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="48E2C37F637BD239959E67E44A56F098">
<mods:date id="FF5553763A37CBEAD43D0670BBE53FE2">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="20C0DCCC04FEA202B52912A885AB4742">2022-07-13</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="D83B73C715400B08DA6FBD670368E466" type="volume">
<mods:number id="120DBE6701D0DB8D7B336C231BA6BB06">5165</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="796471C6124EC35276B02E9304EC11A3">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="3A7DE3D2DAC928ECB45D97114B945B02">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="AE022A378642A5ADE8389345F29FB4A6" type="CLB-Dataset">96834</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="9294B1EF45ACD483D224EA6C2BFF9752" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5165.1.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F3540AFB3CE166E4E748DAFA87F91B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6825523" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197541770" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6825523" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3540AFB3CE166E4E748DAFA87F91B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F3540AFB3CE166E4E748DAFA87F91B" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<subSubSection id="C340B697FB3CE166E4E748DAFEDCFF2C" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE5E51CFB3CE166E4E748DAFE71FF4B" blockId="3.[151,494,151,214]" box="[151,494,151,178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<heading id="D0AD5270FB3CE166E4E748DAFE71FF4B" bold="true" box="[151,494,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E4E748DAFE71FF4B" bold="true" box="[151,494,151,178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<taxonomicName id="4C5A9E9FFB3CE166E4E748DAFE16FF48" authority="Singh &amp; Ahmad &amp; Raha, 2022" authorityName="Singh &amp; Ahmad &amp; Raha" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,393,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Garudinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shompen" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E4E748DAFE16FF48" bold="true" box="[151,393,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Garudinia shompen</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21D8475FB3CE166E5E148DAFE71FF4B" box="[401,494,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5E51CFB3CE166E4E748F6FEDCFF2C" blockId="3.[151,494,151,214]" box="[151,323,187,214]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
(
<figureCitation id="1361F999FB3CE166E4EF48F6FF77FF2F" box="[159,232,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–10" captionStartId="9.[151,257,1859,1883]" captionTargetBox="[221,1362,173,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[207,1381,164,1833]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1–10. Adults of new species and new records of Erebidae from the Great Nicobar Island. 1, Anoba rigida, male, dorsal side; 2, Garudinia shompen sp. nov., male (Holotype), dorsal side; 3, Nishada sambara, male, dorsal side; 4, Teulisna chiloides, male, dorsal side; 5, ditto, female, dorsal side; 6, Plusiodonta nicobarensis sp. nov., male (Holotype), dorsal side; 7, ditto, ventral side; 8, Tamba cosmoloma, male, dorsal side; 9, T. occidinawa, male, dorsal side; 10, Anereuthina renosa, female, dorsal side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6939127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6939127/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Figs 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1361F999FB3CE166E48448F6FEA5FF2C" box="[244,314,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURES 11–19" captionStartId="10.[151,257,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[233,1353,191,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-21@10.[220,1368,181,1883]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 11–19. Genitalia of Erebidae species from the Great Nicobar Island. 11–12, Anoba rigida, male: 11, ventral view, 12, aedeagus; 13–15, Garudinia shompen sp. nov., male (Holotype): 13, ventral view, 14, lateral view, 15, aedeagus; 16–17, Nishada sambara, male: 16, ventral view, 17, aedeagus; 18–19, Teulisna chiloides, male: 18, ventral view, 19, aedeagus. Diagnostic characters indicated with black lines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6939131" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6939131/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">13–15</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C340B697FB3CE166E4E7494EFD3DFE73" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE5E51CFB3CE166E4E7494EFE76FEBB" blockId="3.[151,1437,259,1762]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<materialsCitation id="3B32EF41FB3CE166E4E7494EFE76FEBB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3862932325" collectingDate="2018-11-06" collectorName="K. C. Gopi &amp; Party" country="India" location="Check Post" municipality="Great Nicobar Island" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Andaman and Nicobar Islands" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E4E7494EFE92FEE7" bold="true" box="[151,269,259,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<typeStatus id="54E15BBEFB3CE166E4E7494EFE97FEE7" box="[151,264,259,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D5C2E95FB3CE166E5644949FEB6FEE4" box="[276,297,260,286]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="F34DA58CFB3CE166E547494EFEECFEE7" box="[311,371,259,285]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="499E2BFEFB3CE166E50D494EFD4BFEE7" box="[381,724,259,285]" country="India" name="Andaman and Nicobar Islands" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Andaman and Nicobar Islands</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B817F66FB3CE166E6AF494EFC53FEE7" box="[735,972,259,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Great Nicobar Island</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8E85B3C7FB3CE166E7A8494EFBC6FEE4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3540AFB3CE166E4E748DAFA87F91B:8E85B3C7FB3CE166E7A8494EFBC6FEE4" box="[984,1113,259,286]" country="India" municipality="Great Nicobar Island" name="Check Post" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" stateProvince="Andaman and Nicobar Islands">Check Post</location>
,
<date id="FFE4C3DCFB3CE166E014494EFB43FEE7" box="[1124,1244,259,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" value="2018-11-06">
<collectingDate id="EFA03A34FB3CE166E014494EFB43FEE7" box="[1124,1244,259,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" value="2018-11-06">06.xi.2018</collectingDate>
</date>
(NZCZSI, 9272/ H10),
<collectorName id="26AF80CAFB3CE166E4AF4965FEC5FEBB" box="[223,346,295,322]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">K. C. Gopi</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26AF80CAFB3CE166E50D4965FE27FEB8" box="[381,440,296,322]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Party</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5E51CFB3CE166E4B74906FD3DFE73" blockId="3.[151,1437,259,1762]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<materialsCitation id="3B32EF41FB3CE166E4B74906FD3DFE73" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3862932319" collectingDate="2018-11-14" collectorName="K. C. Gopi &amp; Party" country="India" location="Bird Watching Point" municipality="Great Nicobar Island" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Andaman and Nicobar Islands" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E4B74906FEA2FE9F" bold="true" box="[199,317,331,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<typeStatus id="54E15BBEFB3CE166E4B74906FEA7FE9F" box="[199,312,331,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F34DA58CFB3CE166E5354906FE1EFE9F" box="[325,385,331,357]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="499E2BFEFB3CE166E5FC4906FD79FE9F" box="[396,742,331,357]" country="India" name="Andaman and Nicobar Islands" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Andaman and Nicobar Islands</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B817F66FB3CE166E6824906FC7EFE9F" box="[754,993,331,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Great Nicobar Island</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8E85B3C7FB3CE166E79E4906FB48FE9F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3540AFB3CE166E4E748DAFA87F91B:8E85B3C7FB3CE166E79E4906FB48FE9F" box="[1006,1239,331,357]" country="India" municipality="Great Nicobar Island" name="Bird Watching Point" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" stateProvince="Andaman and Nicobar Islands">Bird Watching Point</location>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5C2E95FB3CE166E0934906FA8FFE9C" box="[1251,1296,331,358]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<date id="FFE4C3DCFB3CE166E16D4906FA07FE9F" box="[1309,1432,331,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" value="2018-11-14">
<collectingDate id="EFA03A34FB3CE166E16D4906FA07FE9F" box="[1309,1432,331,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" value="2018-11-14">14.xi.2018</collectingDate>
</date>
, (NZCZSI, 9273/H10),
<collectorName id="26AF80CAFB3CE166E5E8493DFD8CFE73" box="[408,531,367,394]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">K. C. Gopi</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26AF80CAFB3CE166E647493DFDEDFE70" box="[567,626,368,394]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Party</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C340B697FB3CE166E4B749DEFEC5FC7B" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE5E51CFB3CE166E4B749DEFEC5FC7B" blockId="3.[151,1437,259,1762]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E4B749DEFEDBFE57" bold="true" box="[199,324,403,429]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
The new species belongs to
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E6FF49DEFBF7FE57" box="[655,1128,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<taxonomicName id="4C5A9E9FFB3CE166E6FF49DEFC9BFE57" authorityName="Moore" authorityYear="1882" box="[655,772,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Garudinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Garudinia</taxonomicName>
bimaculata-simulana-acornuta
</emphasis>
species group in which all the species have, in common, somewhat roundish, dark purplish-brown, broad subbasal band not reaching costa of forewing. Externally,
<taxonomicName id="4C5A9E9FFB3CE166E5FC4991FD8DFE0F" authority="Singh &amp; Ahmad &amp; Raha, 2022" authorityName="Singh &amp; Ahmad &amp; Raha" authorityYear="2022" box="[396,530,475,502]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Garudinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shompen" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E5FC4991FD8DFE0F" box="[396,530,475,502]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">G. shompen</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E6694996FDECFE0F" bold="true" box="[537,627,475,501]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21D8475FB3CE166E6694996FDECFE0F" box="[537,627,475,501]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is distinct in having a characteristic medial bulge at the inner margin of the postmedial band of forewing which is uniformly concave in
<taxonomicName id="4C5A9E9FFB3CE166E72F4A4DFB59FDE3" authority="Rothschild, 1912" authorityName="Rothschild" authorityYear="1912" box="[863,1222,511,538]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Garudinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bimaculata">
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E72F4A4DFC61FDE3" box="[863,1022,511,538]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">G. bimaculata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB98EDFB3CE166E07449B2FB59FDE3" author="Rothschild, W. L." box="[1028,1222,511,537]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" pagination="212 - 246" refId="ref10350" refString="Rothschild, W. L. (1912) New Lithosiinae. Novitates Zoologicae, 19 (2), 212 - 246. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 1549" type="journal article" year="1912">Rothschild, 1912</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, slightly sinuous in
<taxonomicName id="4C5A9E9FFB3CE166E4E74A69FE53FDC7" authority="(Walker, 1863)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[151,460,547,574]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Garudinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simulana">
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E4E74A69FE80FDC7" box="[151,287,547,574]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">G. simulana</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB98EDFB3CE166E55D4A6EFE5BFDC7" author="Walker, F." box="[301,452,547,573]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" pagination="1 - 561" refId="ref11513" refString="Walker, F. (1863) List of the specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Crambites &amp; Tortricites. Part 28. Edward Newman, London, pp. 1 - 561." type="book chapter" year="1863">Walker, 1863</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and obliquely straight in
<taxonomicName id="4C5A9E9FFB3CE166E6964A69FBB8FDC7" authority="Holloway, 1982" authorityName="Holloway" authorityYear="1982" box="[742,1063,547,574]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Garudinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acornuta">
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E6964A69FCF2FDC7" box="[742,877,548,574]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">G. acornuta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB98EDFB3CE166E7034A6EFBB8FDC7" author="Holloway, J. D." box="[883,1063,547,573]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" pagination="174 - 271" refId="ref9292" refString="Holloway, J. D. (1982) Taxonomic Appendix. In: Barlow, H. S. (Ed.), An Introduction to the Moths of South East Asia. The Malayan Nature Society, Kuala Lumpur, pp. 174 - 271." type="book chapter" year="1982">Holloway, 1982</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. The hindwing of
<taxonomicName id="4C5A9E9FFB3CE166E0804A69FAEAFDC7" authority="Singh &amp; Ahmad &amp; Raha, 2022" authorityName="Singh &amp; Ahmad &amp; Raha" authorityYear="2022" box="[1264,1397,547,574]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Garudinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shompen" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E0804A69FAEAFDC7" box="[1264,1397,547,574]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">G. shompen</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E10B4A6EFF57FD9B" bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21D8475FB3CE166E10B4A6EFF57FD9B" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5A9E9FFB3CE166E48D4A05FE1AFD9B" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[253,389,583,610]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Garudinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simulana">
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E48D4A05FE1AFD9B" box="[253,389,583,610]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">G. simulana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is ochreous white without any suffusion, whereas, it is suffused with fuscous in
<taxonomicName id="4C5A9E9FFB3CE166E08D4A05FA03FD9B" authorityName="Rothschild" authorityYear="1912" box="[1277,1436,583,610]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Garudinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bimaculata">
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E08D4A05FA03FD9B" box="[1277,1436,583,610]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">G. bimaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5A9E9FFB3CE166E4B64A21FED3FD7F" authorityName="Holloway" authorityYear="1982" box="[198,332,620,646]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Garudinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acornuta">
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E4B64A21FED3FD7F" box="[198,332,620,646]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">G. acornuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The new species is clearly distinct from
<taxonomicName id="4C5A9E9FFB3CE166E7684A21FC28FD7F" authorityName="Rothschild" authorityYear="1912" box="[792,951,619,646]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Garudinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bimaculata">
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E7684A21FC28FD7F" box="[792,951,619,646]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">G. bimaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5A9E9FFB3CE166E79C4A21FBEAFD7F" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[1004,1141,619,646]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Garudinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simulana">
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E79C4A21FBEAFD7F" box="[1004,1141,619,646]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">G. simulana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the absence of any apical spine or sclerotized process to the aedeagus apex, whereas, the aedeagus of
<taxonomicName id="4C5A9E9FFB3CE166E0664ADDFB29FD53" authorityName="Rothschild" authorityYear="1912" box="[1046,1206,655,682]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Garudinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bimaculata">
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E0664ADDFB29FD53" box="[1046,1206,655,682]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">G. bimaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a pair of curved apical spines and that of
<taxonomicName id="4C5A9E9FFB3CE166E5C24AF9FDA3FD37" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[434,572,691,718]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Garudinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simulana">
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E5C24AF9FDA3FD37" box="[434,572,691,718]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">G. simulana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has single hooked apical process, from
<taxonomicName id="4C5A9E9FFB3CE166E0734AF9FB14FD37" authorityName="Holloway" authorityYear="1982" box="[1027,1163,692,718]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Garudinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acornuta">
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E0734AF9FB14FD37" box="[1027,1163,692,718]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">G. acornuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the new species differs in male genitalia by having a robust, less curved distal fragment to the saccular process of valva (the fragment is slender and more curved in
<taxonomicName id="4C5A9E9FFB3CE166E5BE4AB1FDCAFCEF" authorityName="Holloway" authorityYear="1982" box="[462,597,764,790]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Garudinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acornuta">
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E5BE4AB1FDCAFCEF" box="[462,597,764,790]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">G. acornuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and a broad saccus with a shallow median depression (which is narrow ushaped in
<taxonomicName id="4C5A9E9FFB3CE166E5774B6DFE11FCC3" authorityName="Holloway" authorityYear="1982" box="[263,398,800,826]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Garudinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acornuta">
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E5774B6DFE11FCC3" box="[263,398,800,826]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">G. acornuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The vesica of
<taxonomicName id="4C5A9E9FFB3CE166E64F4B6DFD5AFCC3" authority="Singh &amp; Ahmad &amp; Raha, 2022" authorityName="Singh &amp; Ahmad &amp; Raha" authorityYear="2022" box="[575,709,799,826]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Garudinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shompen" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E64F4B6DFD5AFCC3" box="[575,709,799,826]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">G. shompen</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E6BA4B52FCBCFCC3" bold="true" box="[714,803,799,825]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21D8475FB3CE166E6BA4B52FCBCFCC3" box="[714,803,799,825]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has a distinct basal plate of small spines and two patches of coarse scobinations distally, while, the vesica of
<taxonomicName id="4C5A9E9FFB3CE166E6AC4B09FCFBFCA7" authorityName="Holloway" authorityYear="1982" box="[732,868,836,862]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Garudinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acornuta">
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E6AC4B09FCFBFCA7" box="[732,868,836,862]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">G. acornuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is slightly scobinate distally with a small comb of spines at its base.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C340B697FB3CE166E4B74BC6FE3AF9AB" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE5E51CFB3CE166E4B74BC6FE1DF9D7" blockId="3.[151,1437,259,1762]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E4B74BC6FE35FC5F" bold="true" box="[199,426,907,933]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Description: Male:</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E5C34BC6FE6FFC5F" box="[435,496,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Head</emphasis>
: covered with ochreous scales, frons brownish-ochreous; antennae ciliate, brownish-ochreous; palpi short, not reaching the head, covered with cupreous-brown scales.
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E0034BE2FB5BFC33" box="[1139,1220,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Thorax</emphasis>
: whitish-ochreous, suffused slightly with grey scales; legs cupreous brown, outer side darker.
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E7854B99FBA6FC17" box="[1013,1081,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Wings</emphasis>
: Forewing length:
<specimenCount id="9D5C2E95FB3CE166E1674B99FAB3FC14" box="[1303,1324,980,1006]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
<quantity id="4CA248F9FB3CE166E1464B9EFA06FC14" box="[1334,1433,979,1006]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="7.0">7–8 mm</quantity>
. Forewing elongated, oval with slightly acute apex and more or less round termen and curved inner margin; ground colour ochreous; a broad, roundish, dark purplish-brown subbasal band from inner margin to cell, not reaching costa; another broad, dark purplish-brown postmedial band from costa to tornus, not covering the apical and marginal region, the inner margin of the band having a characteristic medial bulge, while, its outer margin sinuous; cilia pale ochreous. Hindwing excised between apex and M3 with ground colour pale ochreous, the costal and subcostal region suffused with fuscous from base to apex and outer margin; subcostal area with a longitudinal patch of modified yellowish scales; a short longitudinal streak of black scales on M
<quantity id="4CA248F9FB3CE166E7EE4C82FC57FB13" box="[926,968,1231,1257]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
the submarginal area; the median nervure distinctly yellow from near the origin of Cu2 to the junction between M3 and CU1; cilia fuscous-brown near the apex, gradually becomes pale below along the outer and inner margin.
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E7C64D5AFBBFFACB" box="[950,1056,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Abdomen</emphasis>
: dark brown, intermixed with cupreous brown hairs with yellow anal tufts.
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E60D4D76FCBDFAAF" box="[637,802,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Male genitalia</emphasis>
: uncus long, curved, hook-like; tegumen broad, slightly longer than uncus; vinculum broad, much shorter than tegumen, weekly sclerotized; saccus broad with a shallow median depression; valva costa narrow, weekly developed; sacculus well sclerotized with a broad saccular process, a short, pointed, slender, slightly curved (more robust and less curved than that in
<taxonomicName id="4C5A9E9FFB3CE166E04B4DE5FB5CFA3B" authorityName="Holloway" authorityYear="1982" box="[1083,1219,1448,1474]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Garudinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acornuta">
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E04B4DE5FB5CFA3B" box="[1083,1219,1448,1474]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">G. acornuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) distal fragment to the saccular process; vulvula membranous, setosed; juxta distally broad, well sclerotized; aedeagus arcuate, long without any apical spine or process, vesica with a distinct plate of small spines basally and two patches of coarse scobinations distally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5E51CFB3CE166E4B74E7AFE3AF9AB" blockId="3.[151,1437,259,1762]" box="[199,421,1591,1617]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E4B74E7AFEB7F9AB" bold="true" box="[199,296,1591,1617]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Female:</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C340B697FB3CE166E4B74E16FB56F98F" box="[199,1225,1627,1654]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BE5E51CFB3CE166E4B74E16FB56F98F" blockId="3.[151,1437,259,1762]" box="[199,1225,1627,1654]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E4B74E16FECDF98F" bold="true" box="[199,338,1627,1653]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Etymology:</emphasis>
The new species is named after the tribe
<taxonomicName id="4C5A9E9FFB3CE166E7524E16FC10F98F" box="[802,911,1627,1653]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" rank="tribe" tribe="Shompen">Shompen</taxonomicName>
, endemic to Nicobar Island.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C340B697FB3CE166E4B74E32FA87F91B" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE5E51CFB3CE166E4B74E32FA87F91B" blockId="3.[151,1437,259,1762]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E4B74E32FEA2F963" bold="true" box="[199,317,1663,1689]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Remarks:</emphasis>
This new species updates the
<taxonomicName id="4C5A9E9FFB3CE166E6E14E32FCC1F963" box="[657,862,1663,1689]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E6E14E32FC99F963" box="[657,774,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Garudinia</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
count to 15 and 6, respectively from the world and
<collectingCountry id="F34DA58CFB3CE166E4E74EEEFF4BF947" box="[151,212,1699,1725]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">India</collectingCountry>
. Besides, this is also the second species under the genus from the Great Nicobar Island. Both the specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C5A9E9FFB3CE166E4E74E85FE82F91B" authority="Singh &amp; Ahmad &amp; Raha, 2022" authorityName="Singh &amp; Ahmad &amp; Raha" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,285,1735,1762]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Garudinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shompen" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E4E74E85FE82F91B" box="[151,285,1735,1762]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">G. shompen</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92E390EFB3CE166E5544E8AFEE2F91B" bold="true" box="[292,381,1735,1761]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21D8475FB3CE166E5544E8AFEE2F91B" box="[292,381,1735,1761]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
are recorded from the low elevation (below
<quantity id="4CA248F9FB3CE166E7014E8AFC27F918" box="[881,952,1735,1762]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
altitude) in dipterocarp forests.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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