564 lines
74 KiB
XML
564 lines
74 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="431FDA1BD869B56FEC7117901B6E4C60">Revision of the western Palaearctic species of Aleiodes Wesmael (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Rogadinae). Part 2: Revision of the A. apicalis group</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="953F2AF1138E0E48028FA39EEB1C8385">van Achterberg, Cornelis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B8542E97FEB64B08723FCFE51A587BF7">Shaw, Mark R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B82F2F91FE36FEA0F00531C7B012E888">Quicke, Donald L. J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="3BFEC312745DF5257C0107C4BE577C19">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="21CB7BAA92D15CE7B9D9B8A012388DB9">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="E7C7937DC2B1EF3FDE48410C90A5702F">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="61D302C7D8D953CF1FD14973DAD0B3FC" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.919.39642</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="C39FE45596C050F49FD184B0711DC24F" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162628963" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C39FE45596C050F49FD184B0711DC24F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C39FE45596C050F49FD184B0711DC24F" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Braconidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera">
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<subSubSection id="4E99854353DEB249BA64090AEC42A585" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="457869198B66944D983DA8980698B0E1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="15C189836679621FA6FC2571DAD5BCCC" ID-CoL="BM8N" LSID="C39FE455-96C0-50F4-9FD1-84B0711DC24F" authority="(Brulle, 1832)" baseAuthorityName="Brulle" baseAuthorityYear="1832" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes apicalis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">
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Aleiodes apicalis (
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<normalizedToken id="10926309EF4DAE6EA385342DBE2DB4C6" originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
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, 1832)
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</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="D8CDE4ECDC924E67394AC19AAE3183C8" captionStart="Figures 50–53" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 50 - 53. Aleiodes apicalis (Brulle), ♀, Greece, Thimiana Chios, but 52 mummies of Autographa gamma (Linnaeus) from Malta and 53 of undetermined plusiine host from Cyprus 50 habitus lateral 51 ovipositor sheath lateral 52 mummy dorsal 53 mummy covered by silk of host." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.919.39642.figures50-53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390054" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 50-53</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="F78D9F6FB6EF2399CA9DD658E8AF8885" captionStart="Figures 54–65" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 54 - 65. Aleiodes apicalis (Brulle), ♀, Bulgaria, Rodopi 54 wings 55 mesosoma lateral 56 mesosoma dorsal 57 1 st - 3 rd metasomal tergites dorsal 58 fore femur lateral 59 hind femur lateral 60 head anterior 61 head dorsal 62 head lateral 63 outer hind tarsal claw 64 base of antenna 65 apex of antenna." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.919.39642.figures54-65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390055" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 54-65</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="CCCF7F94FDB4085C85648D7E24CAB34F" captionStart="Figures 66–71" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 66 - 71. Aleiodes apicalis (Brulle), ♂, Turkey, Sivas 66 habitus lateral 67 head dorsal 68 3 rd - 7 th metasomal tergites dorsal 69 3 rd - 7 th metasomal tergites lateral 70 head anterior 71 outer hind tarsal claw." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.919.39642.figures66-71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390056" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 66-71</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="51A93B138B042CE4EFEC2D7520DCB146" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="F4EEB9DA6B253CCE09450378E47B5C38" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="59AA392CE5FF3E6C8B79B040501C0D08" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Bracon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bracon apicalis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">Bracon apicalis</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken id="234A260DD8472FDDECB03C07FC671F97" originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
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, 1832: 381 [examined].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="649411EAA9F68F4752A095006D55EF02" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="912AEDAAE931029474F59A39D724A155" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rhogas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhogas apicalis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">Rhogas apicalis</taxonomicName>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="D3E35F96BA9E71DDEB2382E7C3822961" author="Fahringer, J" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Mitteilungen" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B38" refString="Fahringer, J, 1932. Opuscula braconologica. Band 3. Palaearktischen Region. Opuscula braconologica 4: 241-320. Wagner, Wien." title="Opuscula braconologica. Band 3. Palaearktischen Region. Opuscula braconologica 4: 241 - 320. Wagner, Wien." year="1932">Fahringer 1932</bibRefCitation>
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: 317-318.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="335FABA4223D6A43D73123536F5A8B56" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="ECB107912991C50CA91FE0E888E49375" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rogas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rogas apicalis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">Rogas apicalis</taxonomicName>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="75CE6EC6324DB464F50EC20EBF06E1F4" author="Shenefelt, RD" journalOrPublisher="Hymenopterorum Catalogus (nova editio)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1115 - 1262" refId="B121" refString="Shenefelt, RD, 1975. Braconidae 8. Exothecinae, Rogadinae. Hymenopterorum Catalogus (nova editio) 12: 1115 - 1262" title="Braconidae 8. Exothecinae, Rogadinae." volume="12" year="1975">Shenefelt 1975</bibRefCitation>
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: 1218.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="39AB74E851C5E9EFB669A882CC7A1765" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="DAC46EE579B1A95A7AEEBCFFFF96C500" baseAuthorityName="Brulle" baseAuthorityYear="1832" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes apicalis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">Aleiodes apicalis</taxonomicName>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="09F5D475334D37622507F46359A6ADA3" author="Shaw, SR" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Hymenoptera Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B120" refString="Shaw, SR, Marsh, PM, Fortier, JC, 1998. Revision of North American Aleiodes Wesmael (Part 2): the apicalis (Brulle) species-group in the New World (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Rogadinae) Journal of Hymenoptera Research 7: 62-73." title="Revision of North American Aleiodes Wesmael (Part 2): the apicalis (Brulle) species-group in the New World (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Rogadinae) Journal of Hymenoptera Research 7: 62 - 73." year="1998">Shaw et al., 1998</bibRefCitation>
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: 63;
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<bibRefCitation id="8A5172871AE115117833955A7821E3B9" author="Fortier, JC" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Hymenoptera Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="204 - 237" refId="B43" refString="Fortier, JC, Shaw, SR, 1999. Cladistics of the Aleiodes lineage of the subfamily Rogadinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 8 (2): 204 - 237" title="Cladistics of the Aleiodes lineage of the subfamily Rogadinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)." volume="8" year="1999">Fortier and Shaw 1999</bibRefCitation>
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: 227;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EBABA41D2A9B6BA5E11EAD3170B9A597" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0300-3256.2004.00144.x" author="Zaldivar-Riveron, A" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica Scripta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="223 - 237" refId="B152" refString="Zaldivar-Riveron, A, Butcher, BA, Shaw, MR, Quicke, DLJ, 2004. Comparative morphology of the venom apparatus in the braconid wasp subfamily Rogadinae (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Braconidae) and related taxa. Zoologica Scripta 33 (3): 223 - 237, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0300-3256.2004.00144.x" title="Comparative morphology of the venom apparatus in the braconid wasp subfamily Rogadinae (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Braconidae) and related taxa." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0300-3256.2004.00144.x" volume="33" year="2004">
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||
<normalizedToken id="E2499F0266D5197246463A691DA926A2" originalValue="Zaldívar-Riverón">Zaldivar-Riveron</normalizedToken>
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||
et al. 2004
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||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 234,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="1C781C40C9B2826E9AC740AEFF72CBA5" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-8-329" author="Zaldivar-Riveron, A" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica Scripta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B153" refString="Zaldivar-Riveron, A, Shaw, MR, Saez, AG, Mori, M, Belokobylskij, SA, Shaw, SR, Quicke, DLJ, 2008. Evolution of the parasitic wasp subfamily Rogadinae (Braconidae): phylogeny and evolution of lepidopteran host ranges and mummy characteristics. BMC Evolutionary Biology 8: 329. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-8-329" title="Evolution of the parasitic wasp subfamily Rogadinae (Braconidae): phylogeny and evolution of lepidopteran host ranges and mummy characteristics. BMC Evolutionary Biology 8: 329." url="https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-8-329" year="2008">2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 2-6.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="7E91549CC7CB558A1C04F898DE8AF0B2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="9E5E49E8308727A4E373F7D784657275" baseAuthorityName="Brulle" baseAuthorityYear="1832" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes (Chelonorhogas) apicalis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis" subGenus="Chelonorhogas">Aleiodes (Chelonorhogas) apicalis</taxonomicName>
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||
; Falco et al. 1997: 60;
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<bibRefCitation id="4D83DD26BA94DBAED4837AA1DE9D5FAA" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3973.2.2" author="Farahani, S" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="227 - 250" refId="B41" refString="Farahani, S, Talebi, AA, van Achterberg, C, Rakhshani, E, 2015. A review of the subfamily Rogadinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from Iran. Zootaxa 3973 (2): 227 - 250, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3973.2.2" title="A review of the subfamily Rogadinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from Iran." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3973.2.2" volume="3973" year="2015">Farahani et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 240-242;
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<bibRefCitation id="CB4FAE26C0F6178304600E7D0850C9FE" author="Abdolalizadeh, F" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="33 - 40" refId="B1" refString="Abdolalizadeh, F, Madjdzadeh, SM, Farahani, S, Askari Hesni, M, 2017. A survey of braconid wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Euphorinae, Homolobinae, Macrocentrinae, Rogadinae) in Kerman province, southeastern Iran. Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics 3 (1): 33 - 40" title="A survey of braconid wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Euphorinae, Homolobinae, Macrocentrinae, Rogadinae) in Kerman province, southeastern Iran." volume="3" year="2017">Abdolalizadeh et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
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: 36.
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FCAA12F63D260FE67374D83155EEA1F9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="6C8EE65399BE6D678F1EB6412061AB80" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rogas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rogas reticulator" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulator">Rogas reticulator</taxonomicName>
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Nees, 1834: 211;
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<bibRefCitation id="39BD33EE90167DF222B5E98E6111A3F7" author="Shenefelt, RD" journalOrPublisher="Hymenopterorum Catalogus (nova editio)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1115 - 1262" refId="B121" refString="Shenefelt, RD, 1975. Braconidae 8. Exothecinae, Rogadinae. Hymenopterorum Catalogus (nova editio) 12: 1115 - 1262" title="Braconidae 8. Exothecinae, Rogadinae." volume="12" year="1975">Shenefelt 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
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(as synonym of
|
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<taxonomicName id="A5F53B11F36E961C3944E4AE1A3EF9AD" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. ductor" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ductor">A. ductor</taxonomicName>
|
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);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E3A85F69E802A00AB3206A3B89A8D515" author="Papp, J" journalOrPublisher="Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B97" refString="Papp, J, 2005. A checklist of the Braconidae of Hungary (Hymenoptera). Folia Entomologica Hungarica.66: 137-194." title="A checklist of the Braconidae of Hungary (Hymenoptera). Folia Entomologica Hungarica. 66: 137 - 194." year="2005">Papp 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 176 (id.). Syn. nov.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="438FDC0EAE7D5E67B0EFEAE4E6DDBCAC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E72EEA0AEBE1BD3492FC6FBCB50D3A13" baseAuthorityName="Nees" baseAuthorityYear="1834" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes reticulator" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulator">Aleiodes reticulator</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Papp, 1991a: 70 (as synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A3D9CDDE4F619FD0B85BAA5B38A181D3" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. ductor" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ductor">A. ductor</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="89BC09FCAA759C655DCF883256B9ABEA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D3AA25B9BF25E0FDC250AA3637AEE1AA" baseAuthorityName="Schrottky" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rogas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rogas bicolor" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">Rogas bicolor</taxonomicName>
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Lucas, 1849: 336-337 (not
|
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<bibRefCitation id="AFB17705A332781562BC71961896F6F9" author="Spinola, M" journalOrPublisher="Brill, Leiden" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B127" refString="Spinola, M, 1808. Insectorum Liguriae species novae aut rariores, quas in agro Ligustico nuper detexit, descripsit, et iconibus illustravit (Hymenoptera) 2: 1-262. Genua." title="Insectorum Liguriae species novae aut rariores, quas in agro Ligustico nuper detexit, descripsit, et iconibus illustravit (Hymenoptera) 2: 1 - 262. Genua." year="1808">Spinola 1808</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2397E39DB7E621A2342F3183FC04D8F4" author="Shenefelt, RD" journalOrPublisher="Hymenopterorum Catalogus (nova editio)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1115 - 1262" refId="B121" refString="Shenefelt, RD, 1975. Braconidae 8. Exothecinae, Rogadinae. Hymenopterorum Catalogus (nova editio) 12: 1115 - 1262" title="Braconidae 8. Exothecinae, Rogadinae." volume="12" year="1975">Shenefelt 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 1219;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9E2F101429990FAEC6E3DADF0088F637" author="Papp, J" journalOrPublisher="Folia Entomologica Hungarica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="143 - 164" refId="B83" refString="Papp, J, 1985a. Contributions to the Braconid fauna of Hungary, VII. Rogadinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Folia Entomologica Hungarica 46: 143 - 164" title="Contributions to the Braconid fauna of Hungary, VII. Rogadinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)." volume="46" year="1985 a">Papp 1985a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 157 (lectotype designation), 2005: 176 (as synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1A569F9CC38D8326100860009C78D145" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. ductor" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ductor">A. ductor</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Syn. nov.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="27E6B4CE70787486BA4A2FAF1F59919B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5EB2EF9012B6DC1C155C9E9C881D4971" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rogas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rogas rufo-ater" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufo-ater">Rogas rufo-ater</taxonomicName>
|
||
Wollaston, 1858: 24;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="72A563219A62C23741449B56C21DA883" author="Shenefelt, RD" journalOrPublisher="Hymenopterorum Catalogus (nova editio)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1115 - 1262" refId="B121" refString="Shenefelt, RD, 1975. Braconidae 8. Exothecinae, Rogadinae. Hymenopterorum Catalogus (nova editio) 12: 1115 - 1262" title="Braconidae 8. Exothecinae, Rogadinae." volume="12" year="1975">Shenefelt 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 1247;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D90285F5A6D4C09B4F12E77603AF573F" author="Papp, J" journalOrPublisher="Folia Entomologica Hungarica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="89 - 96" refId="B87" refString="Papp, J, 1990. Braconidae (Hymenoptera) from Tunisia, 3. Folia Entomologica Hungarica 51: 89 - 96" title="Braconidae (Hymenoptera) from Tunisia, 3." volume="51" year="1990">Papp 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 90 (as synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CAD28FFD9A8B24EBCB953DE5B94F5020" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. ductor" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ductor">A. ductor</taxonomicName>
|
||
) [examined]. Syn. nov.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="33519034BF33498CDA5F410906690631" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E657E9C5126C563134A73CA6BC578DD0" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rhogas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhogas rufoater" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufoater">Rhogas rufoater</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CEAA05721237370C1119A74358B51537" author="Fahringer, J" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Mitteilungen" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B39" refString="Fahringer, J, 1934. Opuscula braconologica. Band 3. Palaearktischen Region. Opuscula braconologica 5-8: 321-594. Wagner, Wien." title="Opuscula braconologica. Band 3. Palaearktischen Region. Opuscula braconologica 5 - 8: 321 - 594. Wagner, Wien." year="1934">Fahringer 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 321.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2CB655DC11F67BE919C7F99054D259B8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="344CE39135825FCF60DDC52D91820E5B" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rhogas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhogas bicolorinus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolorinus">Rhogas bicolorinus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fahringer, 1932: 318 (replacement name for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2A377410C525E74375FC8BA795AD5C42" baseAuthorityName="Schrottky" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rogas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rogas bicolor" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">Rogas bicolor</taxonomicName>
|
||
Lucas). Syn. nov.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5A0D8D08AA080DC43DAC843A2A3FC8E8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C5F1273F630AA146FBB169842C2993F8" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rhogas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhogas reticulator subsp. var. var. atripes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="reticulator" subSpecies="var." variety="atripes">Rhogas reticulator var. atripes</taxonomicName>
|
||
Costa, 1884: 13;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="67C2B8EF9DE826860FFBBB0DD14F9979" author="Papp, J" journalOrPublisher="Folia Entomologica Hungarica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="89 - 96" refId="B87" refString="Papp, J, 1990. Braconidae (Hymenoptera) from Tunisia, 3. Folia Entomologica Hungarica 51: 89 - 96" title="Braconidae (Hymenoptera) from Tunisia, 3." volume="51" year="1990">Papp 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 90 (as synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A6A6E80AADA3F6C9D7EDAA42BF51C08" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="R. rufoater" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufoater">R. rufoater</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Syn. nov.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="814033FD022CDBD8A349F9B00084C035" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="173DDD8BD5852087D66507AF47C0EEA0" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rhogas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhogas ductor subsp. var. var. atripes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="ductor" subSpecies="var." variety="atripes">Rhogas ductor var. atripes</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="33B2BD120AEA95CEB7C3B6B0782A5105" author="Fahringer, J" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Mitteilungen" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B38" refString="Fahringer, J, 1932. Opuscula braconologica. Band 3. Palaearktischen Region. Opuscula braconologica 4: 241-320. Wagner, Wien." title="Opuscula braconologica. Band 3. Palaearktischen Region. Opuscula braconologica 4: 241 - 320. Wagner, Wien." year="1932">Fahringer 1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 244.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="814F202E76E8FE097C7F87AD7C5779D4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8D72667088275840C22478F2E078399" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes (Neorhogas) ductor subsp. var. var. atripes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="ductor" subGenus="Neorhogas" subSpecies="var." variety="atripes">Aleiodes (Neorhogas) ductor var. atripes</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0DF49CF225066D0A1B337C4E16389050" author="Papp, J" journalOrPublisher="Folia Entomologica Hungarica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="143 - 164" refId="B83" refString="Papp, J, 1985a. Contributions to the Braconid fauna of Hungary, VII. Rogadinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Folia Entomologica Hungarica 46: 143 - 164" title="Contributions to the Braconid fauna of Hungary, VII. Rogadinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)." volume="46" year="1985 a">Papp 1985a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 157.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="946D7B3ECC26ACA41838E202E4763228" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="97E7E6D5DA391D33C8E13F9E359276AD" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rhogas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhogas similis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">Rhogas similis</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F49036A4BC3DA7670C60286E07FB1A9C" originalValue="Szépligeti">Szepligeti</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1903: 114 (not
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2A9BA71215E5392F36480BD387429055" author="Curtis, J" journalOrPublisher="Acta Entomologica Sinica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B29" refString="Curtis, J, 1834. British Entomology; being illustrations and descriptions of the genera of insects found in Great Britain and Ireland 11: 512." title="British Entomology; being illustrations and descriptions of the genera of insects found in Great Britain and Ireland 11: 512." year="1834">Curtis 1834</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="99FC7203D4378E9737707AFF4C79B962" author="Papp, J" journalOrPublisher="Folia Entomologica Hungarica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="143 - 164" refId="B83" refString="Papp, J, 1985a. Contributions to the Braconid fauna of Hungary, VII. Rogadinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Folia Entomologica Hungarica 46: 143 - 164" title="Contributions to the Braconid fauna of Hungary, VII. Rogadinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)." volume="46" year="1985 a">Papp 1985a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 157-158 (lectotype designation and as synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A5871A5355339CA2DAA934DC9704C413" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. ductor" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ductor">A. ductor</taxonomicName>
|
||
), 2005: 176 (id.). Syn. nov.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3CDF2D84275AE8FB8459B104585DACAB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="358E397C245CA8B70A98D9F977164FE4" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rhogas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhogas ductor subsp. var. var. similis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="ductor" subSpecies="var." variety="similis">Rhogas ductor var. similis</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="97E23CFEA87F897E62996E15CBD93969" author="Fahringer, J" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Mitteilungen" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B38" refString="Fahringer, J, 1932. Opuscula braconologica. Band 3. Palaearktischen Region. Opuscula braconologica 4: 241-320. Wagner, Wien." title="Opuscula braconologica. Band 3. Palaearktischen Region. Opuscula braconologica 4: 241 - 320. Wagner, Wien." year="1932">Fahringer 1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 245.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3DB25D18FFBC412F833FB86CB9F0C028" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3D9C26DE0B673AC9E43BCF7575B505A1" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rogas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rogas ductor" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ductor">Rogas ductor</taxonomicName>
|
||
auct. p.p.; Shenefelt, 1975: 1226-1227;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13C7F79CFE6C85769B9B9BE07F7D5882" author="Zaykov, AN" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica Scripta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B154" refString="Zaykov, AN, 1980a. Unknown genera and species of Braconidae for the fauna of Bulgaria. Travaux scientifiques d'Universite de Plovdiv "Paissi Hilendarski", Biologie 15(4) [1977]: 111-115. [in Bulgarian]" title="Unknown genera and species of Braconidae for the fauna of Bulgaria. Travaux scientifiques d'Universite de Plovdiv " Paissi Hilendarski ", Biologie 15 (4) [1977]: 111 - 115. [in Bulgarian]" year="1980 a">Zaykov 1980a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 112;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6324259A6164F9F9DA64A3A18C02C14E" author="Tobias, VI" journalOrPublisher="Opredeliteli po Faune SSSR" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 286" refId="B137" refString="Tobias, VI, 1976. Braconids of the Caucasus (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). Opredeliteli po Faune SSSR 110: 1 - 286" title="Braconids of the Caucasus (Hymenoptera, Braconidae)." volume="110" year="1976">Tobias 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 85,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="546CE220B400C9522EBE60942D15E395" author="Tobias, VI" editor="Medvedev, GS" journalOrPublisher="Opredeliteli po Faune SSSR" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 501" refId="B138" refString="Tobias, VI, 1986. Rogadinae: 72-85. In: Medvedev, GS, Ed., Opredelitel Nasekomych Evrospeiskoi Tsasti SSSR 3, Peredpontdatokrylye 4. Opredeliteli po Faune SSSR 145: 1 - 501" title="Rogadinae: 72 - 85." volume="145" volumeTitle="Opredelitel Nasekomych Evrospeiskoi Tsasti SSSR 3, Peredpontdatokrylye 4." year="1986">1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 80 (transl.: 133);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E86F7E73D737E77A2C1724923EDEE506" author="Samartsev, KG" journalOrPublisher="Entomological Review" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="755 - 774" refId="B109" refString="Samartsev, KG, Belokobylskij, SA, 2013. On the fauna of the true cyclostome braconid wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) of Astrakhan Province. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie 92(2): 319-341. Entomological Review 93 (6): 755 - 774" title="On the fauna of the true cyclostome braconid wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) of Astrakhan Province. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie 92 (2): 319 - 341." volume="93" year="2013">Samartsev and Belokobylskij 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 765.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="42A8AF734F4682DF26EEFC06F1CCD62E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="74A647B4ECA14E9B9A590B759E3560B7" baseAuthorityName="Thunberg" baseAuthorityYear="1822" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes ductor" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ductor">Aleiodes ductor</taxonomicName>
|
||
auct. p.p.;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2F2268BC46D7D8B9697E42809DCCD609" author="Bergamasco, P" journalOrPublisher="Checklist della Specie della Fauna Italiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="2 - 29" refId="B13" refString="Bergamasco, P, Pennacchio, F, Scaramozzino, PL, Tremblay, E, 1995. Hymenoptera Braconidae. Checklist della Specie della Fauna Italiana 95: 2 - 29" title="Hymenoptera Braconidae." volume="95" year="1995">Bergamasco et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 5.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="12BC38694CB4FE195D8F7A7C7EBE0A59" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
|
||
<paragraph id="36FB6A7FFC9FF14876485955BCC5EACF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5AD0A18EF99E1A431EBAD9D71A6C585C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AE7161859B4708C5B5E32A95E70C0E6E" lsidName="B. apicalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="apicalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="86239C0890EBD4E954FFC39D0DAB718F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B. apicalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ♂ (MNHN) "[
|
||
<emphasis id="F4E67C345DC4D199595F205A4FB085A9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Greece</emphasis>
|
||
],
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7478B942C2C79EA3460318D526367793" originalValue="Morée">Moree</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="24D03429B17D2913D452FC8B58CEA176" originalValue="Muséum">Museum</normalizedToken>
|
||
Paris,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1164B6DEBAE59017B4628DBE0EFE8F1A" originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
|
||
4187-33",
|
||
<normalizedToken id="791554873D3837DE3DE24033C99AA36A" originalValue="“Type”">"Type"</normalizedToken>
|
||
, "
|
||
<emphasis id="5CAB2B8446924BCFEDA6FC393FA275F9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bracon apicalis</emphasis>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="5FF84BB8AE456ACC7BBBECA5B5EA9865" originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Type". Lectotype of
|
||
<emphasis id="0EA276BDA3724CB204994C6ACBDA61AB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. similis</emphasis>
|
||
, ♂ (MTMA) "[
|
||
<emphasis id="699BCD18A471E245E18C95A93A3E1A68" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hungary</emphasis>
|
||
],
|
||
<normalizedToken id="843FBAEB6B4C28FEBDC3AA495F0C45D6" originalValue="Kecskemét">Kecskemet</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2F9C00ABAF0D041FEEC092C53140CA7F" originalValue="Szépligeti”">Szepligeti"</normalizedToken>
|
||
, "Hym. Typ. No. 7021, Mus. Budapest",
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DD94745779A981EA3E5D8033FEA63444" originalValue="“Lectotypus”">"Lectotypus"</normalizedToken>
|
||
, "
|
||
<emphasis id="3E15B554B45753EB628ED164F215CA83" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rhogas similis</emphasis>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2A332128AAEEAFE163986702C76E9CDE" originalValue="Szépl">Szepl</normalizedToken>
|
||
. 1903 ♂, Papp, 1984", "
|
||
<emphasis id="A699F6B6B0D4043134A89FB67D3782DE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rhogas reticulator</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="8CC99775FE8D38F5FA43CC3C20C8394A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">similis</emphasis>
|
||
Sz., det.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="AE23F7B05FD48AFDD936E90E4E321B22" originalValue="Szépligeti">Szepligeti</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1906", "
|
||
<emphasis id="2FCA78F9D6C0CE2F18F6D2444CE60CA7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aleiodes ductor</emphasis>
|
||
Thunbg., det. Papp, J., 1983". Holotype of
|
||
<emphasis id="2BFC448B69846BB0834B5B1BF3DF3C58" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. rufo-ater</emphasis>
|
||
, ♂ (ZJUH) "[
|
||
<emphasis id="D71B4D5E14D0B2A51A40877892CDA0EC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Portugal</emphasis>
|
||
], Madeira, Wollaston, 55.7", "
|
||
<emphasis id="3F44070CFDC9FBBE3195334556AE9BF4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rogas rufo-ater</emphasis>
|
||
, W.", Type, H.T.", "B.M. Type Hym., 3.c.241".
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BE7EB1F0CF1DAB325926494D5251656E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="DFAEE8F73C50D411CCECAA932ABA554E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Additional material.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4529CED92F41E099D4572346F8C847F8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Albania, Austria, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, France (including Corsica), Germany, Greece (including Chios, Corfu, Crete, Lesbos, Rhodes), Hungary, Italy (including Sardinia, Sicily), Malta, Moldova, Montenegro, Morocco, North Macedonia, Portugal (including Madeira), Romania, Russia (including Dagestan), Serbia, Slovakia, Spain (including Mallorca and Canary Islands: Tenerife, Fuerteventura), Switzerland, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, [Georgia, Kazakhstan, Oman, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Syria, Turkmenistan]. Specimens in ZJUH, BZL, CMIM, CNC, HSC, MRC, MSC, MTMA, NMS, RMNH, SDEI, UNS, ZISP, ZSSM. This is a mainly Mediterranean species, extending into Central Europe and West Asia, and one of the commonest species of the group in the Mediterranean area. One surprising female from Sweden (
|
||
<normalizedToken id="8596AC5418DF0472FFB89126AC3234D3" originalValue="Skåne">Skane</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A9D7EA51911B500A0CE5B6FC49CD7530" originalValue="Käseberga">Kaeseberga</normalizedToken>
|
||
, MV light 17-vii-14.ix.2013, N. Ryrholm & C.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="55BDB2801CDBA61A94E0EA2AAD551974" originalValue="Källander">Kaellander</normalizedToken>
|
||
, in NMS) is presumed, like two British specimens (England, V.C. 3, S. Devon, Slapton Ley 7-14.vi.1932, H.St.J. Donisthorpe, in ZJUH; V.C. 22, Berkshire, Beale Park, 25-27.vii.2018, Rothamsted trap, in coll. A.C. Galsworthy destined for ZJUH) and one specimen from Netherlands (Lexmond, ZH, 10.viii.2004, C. Gielis in RMNH) to have been deposited there by winds from southern Europe or N. Africa rather than representing an established breeding population. Whether or not
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ECB526DEBF62723EB502094405D29DA7" lsidName="A. apicalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="apicalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="5C4AB2BE3264397AE92B65A3604B84BC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. apicalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can eventually establish permanent populations, i.e., with winter survival, in these relatively northerly parts of Europe may depend on whether its host can do likewise.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CDF9C9F07F78D4DC0E49208DD3306337" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="molecular data">
|
||
<paragraph id="DF87CF5062FA0A3FE8F017C63226493A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Molecular data.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="34A50BF675EDE74F62E0A7AA55B4EC87" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">MRS008 (Turkey), MRS111 (Turkey), MRS112 (Turkey), MRS181 (Russia), MRS869 (Sweden).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1BD5CAE96043D0CF23BF8B80F0202FC5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="5A005D9202B52212F524EDD362130FCA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BD11551F84DEEF8E126393555D13839D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Time of flight varies according to harshness of summer. In its more temperate sites plurivoltine April-September(October), overwintering in the mummy, but in Cyprus (and presumably other places with extremely hot dry summers) it appears to be most active from autumn to spring (October-May), with a prolonged summer diapause (June-October or later) in the mummy (reared series ex "
|
||
<emphasis id="A8732881F18D1595D6EFBE0821174AED" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Plusia</emphasis>
|
||
" in ZJUH and NMS, W.R. Ingram, six with mummification dates recorded in May or June and adult emergence in the following October-December, further specimens in the series have only one date, which is ambiguous). Reared from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2A54FD835840BE21B153D9EF32BBCD7" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Noctuidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B073A6F4EFDD23AAADEB44ADCEC63B57" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Autographa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Autographa gamma" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gamma">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C5DF7100A8D7C66F462DE1547FD0D64" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Autographa gamma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Linnaeus) (6 [4 ZISP/Moldova, 1 HSC/Germany, 1 NMS/Malta]; J.L. Gregory, H. Schnee), indet.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B24C64780409525349125191C5829AD8" authorityName="Boisduval" authorityYear="1828" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Plusiinae">Plusiinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(14). There is no reason to suppose that the hosts recorded as indet.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6450E2D3C131EA22F5FA572A55143320" authorityName="Boisduval" authorityYear="1828" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Plusiinae">Plusiinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
are anything except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0594027931A3A9719B85B1689A9D67B2" lsidName="A. gamma" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gamma">
|
||
<emphasis id="BB8111DD40CB64A5A042FB7A6416D387" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. gamma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A further specimen labelled as ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00107E847A22193FAC28FC32C54C59BC" genus="Peribroma" lsidName="Peribroma" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A34D869CE9C423E44AF3E36C6D9982D3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peribroma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[sic]
|
||
<emphasis id="01ADFB5939019DAC98C4C8EFEA7CF3DB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">saucia</emphasis>
|
||
is accompanied by a clearly
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67922382A0524A3FD3E659B1BBF57989" authorityName="Boisduval" authorityYear="1828" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Plusiinae">Plusiinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
mummy (Sicily, NMS). Also, one labelled as from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7C9941F23911FED5775849F58F431FAF" authorityName="Zeller" authorityYear="1839" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Anarsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anarsia lineatella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lineatella">
|
||
<emphasis id="D8D946FA883E5DDB6F65FAE0979E4467" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anarsia lineatella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Zeller (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D5ED1A159755406EEF5FF1AD4391C131" authorityName="Stainton" authorityYear="1854" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Gelechiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (Ukraine, ZISP), but without a mummy and clearly in error on grounds of size alone. Another specimen labelled as "ex
|
||
<emphasis id="DC898F2372B156FA7A73B5362D9EBBD9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sesamia</emphasis>
|
||
pupa" (Iran, ZJUH) lacks its mummy but accompanies two individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A2259DA2853B89C5C3E938FE5DF66C00" lsidName="A. aestuosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="aestuosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8050E6211267AB7ABF925D93CD55147B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. aestuosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(q. v.) from the same source, and the remarks made under that species apply also to this record - but with the added objection that the small hypoclypeal opening and flat clypeus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6EF325B7EBF2C74D21C5789EE541475C" lsidName="A. apicalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="apicalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A88D90A365C6104B542AE4E6E8EA3FC1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. apicalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
strongly suggest that its hosts do not mummify in deep concealment. The mummy (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="0534ACFD8DD65418380911BB4F5EC328" captionStart="Figures 50–53" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 50 - 53. Aleiodes apicalis (Brulle), ♀, Greece, Thimiana Chios, but 52 mummies of Autographa gamma (Linnaeus) from Malta and 53 of undetermined plusiine host from Cyprus 50 habitus lateral 51 ovipositor sheath lateral 52 mummy dorsal 53 mummy covered by silk of host." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.919.39642.figures50-53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390054" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">52</figureCitation>
|
||
) is of a pale chalky buff colour, and the cocoon occupies approx. abdominal segments 4-7 of the host larva. Several of the mummies examined, all of which seem to be penultimate instar, have been formed in a more or less curled leaf beneath a web (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="0CDD7F1BDF31587FAEC05ACA187F68A6" captionStart="Figures 50–53" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 50 - 53. Aleiodes apicalis (Brulle), ♀, Greece, Thimiana Chios, but 52 mummies of Autographa gamma (Linnaeus) from Malta and 53 of undetermined plusiine host from Cyprus 50 habitus lateral 51 ovipositor sheath lateral 52 mummy dorsal 53 mummy covered by silk of host." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.919.39642.figures50-53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390054" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">53</figureCitation>
|
||
) that the host had been induced to spin before being mummified, and were weakly stuck to the substrate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="44FD4D068A8B8AF9B357E70C81D7D56A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="2A7D46C5542F5F384610FE25D749B89E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8E6EE322F9208C071A031104E4528219" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Maximum width of hypoclypeal depression 0.3-0.4
|
||
<normalizedToken id="8FFEDFB28BC79770D8EC88EC7302A49F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
minimum width of face (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="8EE7BF6416DF20CCB1BAFC788F77972A" captionStart="Figures 54–65" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 54 - 65. Aleiodes apicalis (Brulle), ♀, Bulgaria, Rodopi 54 wings 55 mesosoma lateral 56 mesosoma dorsal 57 1 st - 3 rd metasomal tergites dorsal 58 fore femur lateral 59 hind femur lateral 60 head anterior 61 head dorsal 62 head lateral 63 outer hind tarsal claw 64 base of antenna 65 apex of antenna." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.919.39642.figures54-65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390055" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">60</figureCitation>
|
||
); antennal segments of ♀ 44-51 and flagellar segments moderately robust (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="FCF949F04325DF96DBBD73908ADB01A1" captionStart="Figures 54–65" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 54 - 65. Aleiodes apicalis (Brulle), ♀, Bulgaria, Rodopi 54 wings 55 mesosoma lateral 56 mesosoma dorsal 57 1 st - 3 rd metasomal tergites dorsal 58 fore femur lateral 59 hind femur lateral 60 head anterior 61 head dorsal 62 head lateral 63 outer hind tarsal claw 64 base of antenna 65 apex of antenna." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.919.39642.figures54-65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390055" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">64</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="3751372C1C506F03276AE5527464ED44" captionStart="Figures 54–65" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 54 - 65. Aleiodes apicalis (Brulle), ♀, Bulgaria, Rodopi 54 wings 55 mesosoma lateral 56 mesosoma dorsal 57 1 st - 3 rd metasomal tergites dorsal 58 fore femur lateral 59 hind femur lateral 60 head anterior 61 head dorsal 62 head lateral 63 outer hind tarsal claw 64 base of antenna 65 apex of antenna." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.919.39642.figures54-65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390055" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">65</figureCitation>
|
||
); ventral margin of clypeus thick and obtuse apically and clypeus not protruding outwards (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="0C7C8A54B87C6B58E9925F87F0F9C05F" captionStart="Figures 54–65" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 54 - 65. Aleiodes apicalis (Brulle), ♀, Bulgaria, Rodopi 54 wings 55 mesosoma lateral 56 mesosoma dorsal 57 1 st - 3 rd metasomal tergites dorsal 58 fore femur lateral 59 hind femur lateral 60 head anterior 61 head dorsal 62 head lateral 63 outer hind tarsal claw 64 base of antenna 65 apex of antenna." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.919.39642.figures54-65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390055" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">62</figureCitation>
|
||
); vertex, mesoscutum, metapleuron and scutellum normally shiny and without dense granulation, at most with some superficial micro-sculpture; frons (and more or less vertex) with striae (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="EAFACE1EDE871A940FB3A69667C0DC33" captionStart="Figures 54–65" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 54 - 65. Aleiodes apicalis (Brulle), ♀, Bulgaria, Rodopi 54 wings 55 mesosoma lateral 56 mesosoma dorsal 57 1 st - 3 rd metasomal tergites dorsal 58 fore femur lateral 59 hind femur lateral 60 head anterior 61 head dorsal 62 head lateral 63 outer hind tarsal claw 64 base of antenna 65 apex of antenna." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.919.39642.figures54-65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390055" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">61</figureCitation>
|
||
) or rugae; scutellum largely smooth and shiny; mesopleuron largely smooth; vein 2-CU1 of fore wing approx. as long as vein 1-CU1 (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="807CF345E16D8B5C4FCEF8C203741A4F" captionStart="Figures 54–65" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 54 - 65. Aleiodes apicalis (Brulle), ♀, Bulgaria, Rodopi 54 wings 55 mesosoma lateral 56 mesosoma dorsal 57 1 st - 3 rd metasomal tergites dorsal 58 fore femur lateral 59 hind femur lateral 60 head anterior 61 head dorsal 62 head lateral 63 outer hind tarsal claw 64 base of antenna 65 apex of antenna." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.919.39642.figures54-65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390055" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54</figureCitation>
|
||
); vein M+CU of hind wing distinctly longer than vein 1-M (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="ED082D73CBC533043A2EB93E8920EC3D" captionStart="Figures 54–65" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 54 - 65. Aleiodes apicalis (Brulle), ♀, Bulgaria, Rodopi 54 wings 55 mesosoma lateral 56 mesosoma dorsal 57 1 st - 3 rd metasomal tergites dorsal 58 fore femur lateral 59 hind femur lateral 60 head anterior 61 head dorsal 62 head lateral 63 outer hind tarsal claw 64 base of antenna 65 apex of antenna." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.919.39642.figures54-65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390055" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54</figureCitation>
|
||
); hind tarsal claws of ♀ with rather slender and brownish pecten (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="D9DC110CC651B316519A8DD864F09AF9" captionStart="Figures 54–65" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 54 - 65. Aleiodes apicalis (Brulle), ♀, Bulgaria, Rodopi 54 wings 55 mesosoma lateral 56 mesosoma dorsal 57 1 st - 3 rd metasomal tergites dorsal 58 fore femur lateral 59 hind femur lateral 60 head anterior 61 head dorsal 62 head lateral 63 outer hind tarsal claw 64 base of antenna 65 apex of antenna." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.919.39642.figures54-65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390055" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">63</figureCitation>
|
||
); basal half of hind tibia (largely) pale yellowish,
|
||
<emphasis id="175026E549D94B1695D0504C06DD8419" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">or</emphasis>
|
||
if black (var.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E00324DCB9D49F6DDB4292754A595AAB" lsidName="var. rufoater" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="variety" species="apicalis" variety="rufoater">rufoater</taxonomicName>
|
||
) then also fore femur black; 3rd tergite (except basally) largely smooth; medially 4th-6th tergites of ♂ slightly concave and with dense band of medium-sized setae (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="0275FDD872C862C860392D628C1F51EA" captionStart="Figures 66–71" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 66 - 71. Aleiodes apicalis (Brulle), ♂, Turkey, Sivas 66 habitus lateral 67 head dorsal 68 3 rd - 7 th metasomal tergites dorsal 69 3 rd - 7 th metasomal tergites lateral 70 head anterior 71 outer hind tarsal claw." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.919.39642.figures66-71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390056" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">68</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="24DE548E2E209762106B6A42F1551059" captionStart="Figures 66–71" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 66 - 71. Aleiodes apicalis (Brulle), ♂, Turkey, Sivas 66 habitus lateral 67 head dorsal 68 3 rd - 7 th metasomal tergites dorsal 69 3 rd - 7 th metasomal tergites lateral 70 head anterior 71 outer hind tarsal claw." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.919.39642.figures66-71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390056" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">69</figureCitation>
|
||
); head, mesoscutum and scutellum black; 2nd tergite yellowish or reddish.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="97E85473828CD42279CD8B2BC954BC38" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="FFD912DDB0DC1C3643C4CD8D73358C18" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3FC0093E750A2A23DB8E6667B98BE30C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Redescribed ♀ (RMNH) from Hungary (Budapest), length of fore wing 5.1 mm, of body 6.7 mm.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D6BFA54860BAFA4CAF1772DA36CF9AA0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB0CE8112745CB3A726B76A40A9EEA1B" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head.</emphasis>
|
||
Antennal segments of ♀ more than 40, but apical segments missing (length of antenna of ♀ from Lesbos 1.4
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1F2E4D0CB831F8FA8DE79B55253BCBE2" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
fore wing and its subapical segments robust); frons with coarse curved rugae, shiny; OOL 1.5
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2548D34CF5A39CDA94086015D024EE7F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
diameter of posterior ocellus, and distinctly striate; vertex transversely striate, rather weak; clypeus normal, punctulate and convex; ventral margin of clypeus thick and not protruding forwards; width of hypoclypeal depression 0.3
|
||
<normalizedToken id="762C446E445FD186322C0E0759CFE5E9" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
minimum width of face (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="51F0D09E217B9BBFC382B6FE673575E1" captionStart="Figures 54–65" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 54 - 65. Aleiodes apicalis (Brulle), ♀, Bulgaria, Rodopi 54 wings 55 mesosoma lateral 56 mesosoma dorsal 57 1 st - 3 rd metasomal tergites dorsal 58 fore femur lateral 59 hind femur lateral 60 head anterior 61 head dorsal 62 head lateral 63 outer hind tarsal claw 64 base of antenna 65 apex of antenna." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.919.39642.figures54-65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390055" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">60</figureCitation>
|
||
); length of eye 1.6
|
||
<normalizedToken id="30730E50ED573C5409BEA078A78428DC" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
temple in dorsal view (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="369997BABA9A9B5D35AFD37CF32928E3" captionStart="Figures 54–65" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 54 - 65. Aleiodes apicalis (Brulle), ♀, Bulgaria, Rodopi 54 wings 55 mesosoma lateral 56 mesosoma dorsal 57 1 st - 3 rd metasomal tergites dorsal 58 fore femur lateral 59 hind femur lateral 60 head anterior 61 head dorsal 62 head lateral 63 outer hind tarsal claw 64 base of antenna 65 apex of antenna." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.919.39642.figures54-65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390055" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">61</figureCitation>
|
||
); vertex behind stemmaticum transversely striate; clypeus near lower level of eyes; length of malar space 0.4
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6A0472C3F3FE4E489ED9626F5C5F1EFE" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
length of eye in lateral view; occipital carina complete, fine.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA82656701E25311DFA6B5548336456A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B0FDC7D5F0E30E3F6A945DFD4E0AB9D9" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mesosoma.</emphasis>
|
||
Mesoscutal lobes largely smooth, punctulate, shiny; prepectal carina complete, rather strong; precoxal area of mesopleuron largely smooth; mesopleuron above precoxal area weakly and sparsely punctate, especially posteriorly; scutellum largely smooth, with striae laterally; propodeum evenly convex, coarsely vermiculate-rugose, only anteriorly with median carina, without tubercles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A60F812960B846C47A5E86CF6496726E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="3A38FA35F83B2ACA24E4E0ED923F7A81" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Wings.</emphasis>
|
||
Fore wing: r 0.6
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2472C7E61A7FBA0B8359C28251C6607C" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3-SR (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="B97EE15D24EEADA23FA5DD93E0484CEC" captionStart="Figures 54–65" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 54 - 65. Aleiodes apicalis (Brulle), ♀, Bulgaria, Rodopi 54 wings 55 mesosoma lateral 56 mesosoma dorsal 57 1 st - 3 rd metasomal tergites dorsal 58 fore femur lateral 59 hind femur lateral 60 head anterior 61 head dorsal 62 head lateral 63 outer hind tarsal claw 64 base of antenna 65 apex of antenna." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.919.39642.figures54-65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390055" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54</figureCitation>
|
||
); 1-CU1 horizontal, equal to or slightly longer than 2-CU1; r-m 0.9
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A55D7ACCA984FCC599B9A52A94851C82" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3-SR; 2nd submarginal cell comparatively short (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="ED24EC99D193C64BB0A8080116B795F6" captionStart="Figures 54–65" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 54 - 65. Aleiodes apicalis (Brulle), ♀, Bulgaria, Rodopi 54 wings 55 mesosoma lateral 56 mesosoma dorsal 57 1 st - 3 rd metasomal tergites dorsal 58 fore femur lateral 59 hind femur lateral 60 head anterior 61 head dorsal 62 head lateral 63 outer hind tarsal claw 64 base of antenna 65 apex of antenna." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.919.39642.figures54-65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390055" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54</figureCitation>
|
||
); cu-a vertical, slightly curved posteriorly; 1-M straight posteriorly. Hind wing: marginal cell basally slightly and distally strongly widened, its apical width 2.6
|
||
<normalizedToken id="EA2D287A5A14CFCBF3C269E872B5A984" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
width at level of hamuli (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="62A1DDAAFECFC78BD0B1A1DE3554274E" captionStart="Figures 54–65" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 54 - 65. Aleiodes apicalis (Brulle), ♀, Bulgaria, Rodopi 54 wings 55 mesosoma lateral 56 mesosoma dorsal 57 1 st - 3 rd metasomal tergites dorsal 58 fore femur lateral 59 hind femur lateral 60 head anterior 61 head dorsal 62 head lateral 63 outer hind tarsal claw 64 base of antenna 65 apex of antenna." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.919.39642.figures54-65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390055" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54</figureCitation>
|
||
); 2-SC+R subquadrate; m-cu indistinct; M+CU:1-M = 5:3; 1r-m 0.7
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B1E7C3A85534654D884F5DAFCFBCD2CE" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
1-M.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B0BA2BE9141A4D76390EA5994481AA14" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="E96C85B124DE37BDFABB520DE742E8D7" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Legs.</emphasis>
|
||
Tarsal claws with rather slender and medium-sized brownish pecten (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="FF5F0AC580829AA56C056DD6F1EA12AA" captionStart="Figures 54–65" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 54 - 65. Aleiodes apicalis (Brulle), ♀, Bulgaria, Rodopi 54 wings 55 mesosoma lateral 56 mesosoma dorsal 57 1 st - 3 rd metasomal tergites dorsal 58 fore femur lateral 59 hind femur lateral 60 head anterior 61 head dorsal 62 head lateral 63 outer hind tarsal claw 64 base of antenna 65 apex of antenna." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.919.39642.figures54-65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390055" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">63</figureCitation>
|
||
); hind coxa largely densely punctate; hind trochantellus medium-sized; length of hind femur and basitarsus 5.1 and 6.0
|
||
<normalizedToken id="82E867E83A50A67B5AC26358850DCED3" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
their width, respectively; length of inner hind spur 0.5
|
||
<normalizedToken id="25D92D0D82A445D7B5D7312D0F75EA12" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
hind basitarsus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C976C3DB7F60C09EDA08357B28A41237" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="E0B630AE904EEC23AED3B81C584EC485" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Metasoma.</emphasis>
|
||
First tergite robust, evenly convex; 1st and 2nd tergites rather coarsely obliquely rugose; 1st tergite and basal half of 2nd tergite with median carina; 2nd tergite robust and with striae diverging posteriorly; medio-basal area of 2nd tergite wide triangular, rather short; 2nd suture rather deep medially; 3rd tergite largely smooth, except anteriorly with some striae; 4th and apical half of 3rd tergite without sharp lateral crease; ovipositor sheath with rather long setae and apically rounded (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="7AEDD3B92B5758CEB691AF4473A174A9" captionStart="Figures 50–53" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 50 - 53. Aleiodes apicalis (Brulle), ♀, Greece, Thimiana Chios, but 52 mummies of Autographa gamma (Linnaeus) from Malta and 53 of undetermined plusiine host from Cyprus 50 habitus lateral 51 ovipositor sheath lateral 52 mummy dorsal 53 mummy covered by silk of host." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.919.39642.figures50-53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390054" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">51</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DED1119EECCC8D551D92DFCA571F6685" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="71B25E350A24273C3EA707304D1ABC12" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colour.</emphasis>
|
||
Black; scapus, pedicellus, tegulae (but humeral plate brownish yellow), base of hind tibia narrowly, apical half of hind tibia, telotarsi, hind tarsus largely, ventral apical half of metasoma, pterostigma and veins (except C+SC+R of fore wing) dark brown; remainder of basal half of antenna and palpi yellowish brown; remainder of legs (but apical two-fifths of hind femur black), 1st and 2nd tergites, 3rd tergite basally and laterally orange brown; remainder of hind tibia pale yellowish; apex of middle femur and wing membrane somewhat infuscate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="874BCE4DA228C24ED009D5DC5FA6CFE8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="9C5B436CE97CD4DFA389069C8C2CD3E3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Variation</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AC672135E9C64071B093A6364F1979" lsidName="A. apicalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="apicalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2D712D4D20DD2D7F8276639F5E668134" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. apicalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is very variable in colour and the colour patterns are not restricted to certain areas, but in general southern Palaearctic specimens are darker than northern ones (or specimens from high altitudes). The tegula is dark brown or black, and the humeral plate usually paler than the tegula or equally black, but both usually yellowish in southern specimens; the hind tarsus is dark brown or black, but sometimes 3rd and 4th segments yellowish; the hind tibia variably reddish to black, but palest at extreme base; the pronotum is very occasionally reddish. The extent of black colouration of the legs is especially variable, and sometimes all legs are entirely black (var.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47E6420587C6A51E04D3FCA5F6E7BE03" lsidName="var. rufoater" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="variety" species="apicalis" variety="rufoater">rufoater</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Wollaston, 1858)). Antenna, especially in females, can be more or less light reddish brown, especially basally, or dark brown/black throughout. Antennal segments: ♀ 44(1), 46(3), 47(11), 48(20), 49(31), 50(41), 51(19), 52(10), 54(3), 55(1), 57(1); ♂ 46(3), 47(7), 48(17), 49(29), 50(30), 51(32), 52(11), 53(5), 54(1). Males have on average approx. one antennal segment more than females. Apical tergites of ♂ type 4, setosity dense (making the tergites appear concave; Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="7EFAFAADB4C20A8741536DB052130048" captionStart="Figures 66–71" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 66 - 71. Aleiodes apicalis (Brulle), ♂, Turkey, Sivas 66 habitus lateral 67 head dorsal 68 3 rd - 7 th metasomal tergites dorsal 69 3 rd - 7 th metasomal tergites lateral 70 head anterior 71 outer hind tarsal claw." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.919.39642.figures66-71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390056" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">68</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="3EC01CC95239E70FD840B9AAB1CCEE75" captionStart="Figures 66–71" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 66 - 71. Aleiodes apicalis (Brulle), ♂, Turkey, Sivas 66 habitus lateral 67 head dorsal 68 3 rd - 7 th metasomal tergites dorsal 69 3 rd - 7 th metasomal tergites lateral 70 head anterior 71 outer hind tarsal claw." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.919.39642.figures66-71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390056" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">69</figureCitation>
|
||
) and fringe weak.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D90D40577533D0BFEC6C13661B1A08D4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="33747B4E9CB3BBBBD32A68C78C671229" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="97D3D7632404BB7622342B36D6AEE144" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">*Albania, Austria, *Bosnia & Herzegovina, *Bulgaria, *Croatia, Cyprus, *Czech Republic, *France (including Corsica), *Georgia, *Germany, Greece (including Chios, Corfu, Crete, Lesbos, Rhodes), *Hungary, Iran, *Iraq, *Israel, *Italy (including Sardinia, Sicily), *Kazakhstan, *Malta, *Moldova, *Montenegro, *Morocco, *North Macedonia, *Oman, *Portugal (including Madeira), *Romania, *Russia (including Dagestan), *Serbia, *Slovakia, Spain (including Mallorca and Canary Islands: Tenerife, Fuerteventura), *Syria, Switzerland, *Tunisia, Turkey, *Turkmenistan.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C203846B55937E275D684CE11286E23F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="new synonymy">
|
||
<paragraph id="FB1D6009A5BF0B2992D4AAF026202903" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">New synonymy.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="41A5339361D254F26CE131C7F205BECF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BD144C8397BD48DB3DDE671276533667" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rogas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rogas rufo-ater" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufo-ater">
|
||
<emphasis id="78DE8355ACAAD38DB1B0E67CDBAC7CDB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rogas rufo-ater</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Wollaston, 1858, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DB48FBB3A5C25204F467A2AFE5BD3309" genus="Rhogas" lsidName="Rhogas similis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="329FEAF272ADAAE5C1DEFC2387315934" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rhogas similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4A16080265195C97CB01A0BF2A19DAAF" originalValue="Szépligeti">Szepligeti</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1903, are based on examination of the types listed above. The lectotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B9A199049F999CF3EA608C7EBF917537" baseAuthorityName="Schrottky" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rogas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rogas bicolor" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B21B158A823EEB57ED914E1E460443F0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rogas bicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Lucas, 1849 (not Spinola, 1808) and of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45C1517E4A1F68DD9B4AC161B079B789" genus="Rhogas" lsidName="Rhogas bicolorinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="bicolorinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="147E80B1C478DFB03CA8B32F11EA227A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rhogas bicolorinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fahringer, 1932, has been examined by Dr
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6B6188649357765F5E7D348C417C60FD" originalValue="Jenö">Jenoe</normalizedToken>
|
||
Papp and we agree with his opinion that it is a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9CB96D2A60E154E455315167F984BB0" lsidName="A. ductor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ductor">
|
||
<emphasis id="17C9D4A1D92243DDB5514F6CED055358" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. ductor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
auct. (=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="955736F68BF927A0A6DE41F83023C505" lsidName="A. apicalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="apicalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="28787199556416235A5755C11228207F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. apicalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The types of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7353ECCBCD47F1654912A1C1F7FB5422" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rogas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rogas reticulator" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reticulator">
|
||
<emphasis id="8C325643E781E94E166EB2715A36C2A3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rogas reticulator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Nees, 1834, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="296BDF13DF9437E514781E995677758C" genus="Rhogas" lsidName="Rhogas reticulator subsp. var. var. atripes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="variety" species="reticulator" subSpecies="var." variety="atripes">Rhogas reticulator var. atripes</taxonomicName>
|
||
Costa, 1884, are lost or unavailable and their synonymy is based on the original description and the interpretation by later authors.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="654F4D48911FB70F0CCE5C0D44AAC735" doi="10.3897/zookeys.919.39642.figures50-53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390054" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figures 50–53" startId="F10">
|
||
<paragraph id="7992D868EC9E3C76040A11653D0E84A5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B12F3C57195DFDBF30F3BB7B9B2651F5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 50-53.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FBAED835B85D061979B8EE6674D27F8D" baseAuthorityName="Brulle" baseAuthorityYear="1832" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes apicalis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C7458F3B6292B23CCF9F5E0ADBD8FD09" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aleiodes apicalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9BA40C89C60462B027B72542DA2251A7" originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
|
||
), ♀, Greece, Thimiana Chios, but 52 mummies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AABFF1FE9FDBCBC359F54923F927D15D" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Autographa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Autographa gamma" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gamma">
|
||
<emphasis id="53E3DCE40B6C546A340D115EF4BBFD67" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Autographa gamma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Linnaeus) from Malta and 53 of undetermined plusiine host from Cyprus
|
||
<emphasis id="0C4B891D2A8D0C46D4A59A41090905BF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">50</emphasis>
|
||
habitus lateral
|
||
<emphasis id="EA2B85B36E459FE3C8C2A6958F524D6B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">51</emphasis>
|
||
ovipositor sheath lateral
|
||
<emphasis id="6CFA3BF13335F3DA8FE38CC60E72BF1D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">52</emphasis>
|
||
mummy dorsal
|
||
<emphasis id="44BC5887DAA6C3B75160F77984238FEF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">53</emphasis>
|
||
mummy covered by silk of host.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="FD2D30F996727CD1051D3C9F6FDD0EB2" doi="10.3897/zookeys.919.39642.figures54-65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390055" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figures 54–65" startId="F11">
|
||
<paragraph id="2501A70E0B26DDE4309331AD8E58E501" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="98733741C495AAB6F3FCC69CEFABEF2E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 54-65.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0252F0FA1799BD4009EEEF7F29C04C19" baseAuthorityName="Brulle" baseAuthorityYear="1832" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes apicalis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDA6ACB3B1818D8D3A58E4AF19C75333" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aleiodes apicalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken id="870AD7D41368DFC834C7FE8F1FB46627" originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
|
||
), ♀, Bulgaria, Rodopi
|
||
<emphasis id="4ADE7B64BE5E2276C31FF1FD1882B60D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54</emphasis>
|
||
wings
|
||
<emphasis id="4B07769B2535E86CB904BCFEBD375943" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">55</emphasis>
|
||
mesosoma lateral
|
||
<emphasis id="4C88302222C5B3ADD79A3638C1481397" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">56</emphasis>
|
||
mesosoma dorsal
|
||
<emphasis id="D623EE665CF3E8B4786632553E48B505" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">57</emphasis>
|
||
1st -3rd metasomal tergites dorsal
|
||
<emphasis id="A7A59A990AA3E69415D642375407120E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">58</emphasis>
|
||
fore femur lateral
|
||
<emphasis id="9805248624EE42C3ECA3B05B29EB345F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">59</emphasis>
|
||
hind femur lateral
|
||
<emphasis id="E7BDAD8DAFD0A7D50583DCFCA311AF99" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">60</emphasis>
|
||
head anterior
|
||
<emphasis id="0352F97E91499B9A37A77FB771DCF3DD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">61</emphasis>
|
||
head dorsal
|
||
<emphasis id="8524161F932CCD5B7BDFABA270C957CD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">62</emphasis>
|
||
head lateral
|
||
<emphasis id="40FFA48DB91B311F5764512F479B3C3E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">63</emphasis>
|
||
outer hind tarsal claw
|
||
<emphasis id="4717B1DC096219243C975F4B6D411BC5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">64</emphasis>
|
||
base of antenna
|
||
<emphasis id="1748968844A9B3147F379385880D90CD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">65</emphasis>
|
||
apex of antenna.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="C61F1723302B7704C9F4460290F344FB" doi="10.3897/zookeys.919.39642.figures66-71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/390056" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figures 66–71" startId="F12">
|
||
<paragraph id="B0D8E6AFCDCBCA8DE0E47F38071B5CFC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EB31DBD4862672AF9DA20018CD223EE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 66-71.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77FBE21773C1A422A2E618ED5B459B78" baseAuthorityName="Brulle" baseAuthorityYear="1832" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes apicalis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1E14FD991027D041D9B9B89F9D2EF240" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aleiodes apicalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E3BE517C78F036EDEF0D11D0D2B538C1" originalValue="Brullé">Brulle</normalizedToken>
|
||
), ♂, Turkey, Sivas
|
||
<emphasis id="691F825BC666189A9BB579F4FE62E942" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">66</emphasis>
|
||
habitus lateral
|
||
<emphasis id="E7EC64531134A5452F41B8E92AA1E15C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">67</emphasis>
|
||
head dorsal
|
||
<emphasis id="F4B1EE2900942715385A507ABCF9E0B7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">68</emphasis>
|
||
3rd -7th metasomal tergites dorsal
|
||
<emphasis id="8FA8C11D7104B0ED2AA5B6360F0E3E88" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">69</emphasis>
|
||
3rd -7th metasomal tergites lateral
|
||
<emphasis id="F14D1BE95AD5C5A2FE5E86880A7D4A52" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">70</emphasis>
|
||
head anterior
|
||
<emphasis id="8B9D31B6D9AEB23CECBA25D30DB37211" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">71</emphasis>
|
||
outer hind tarsal claw.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |