208 lines
24 KiB
XML
208 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document id="D6E05389FC4D8A2DBA8EF4C73E0E7FD4" ID-CLB-Dataset="25820" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4664.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="41df8811-1d93-450e-91ad-3f312805e1d3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3383536" ID-ZooBank="36982CFC-0AE5-486D-832E-09A25EC4688F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1567407357045" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Şirin, Deniz, Taylan, Mehmet Sait, Sevgili, Hasan & Mol, Abbas" docDate="2019" docId="A418878DFF9C0E65FF21FD16FD25FD8D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4664.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4664 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Saga natoliae Serville 1838" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="87" masterDocId="5821FFF5FF9F0E61FFB6FFCFFFD2FF96" masterDocTitle="Bioacoustics review of Anatolian species of the predatory bush-cricket genus Saga (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Saginae) with the description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="102" masterPageNumber="83" pageNumber="86" updateTime="1698754101710" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="E9B15AA18597A09B396BEC30688C340F">
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<mods:title id="7A8DCA622AAA642CB03A6850C567286C">Bioacoustics review of Anatolian species of the predatory bush-cricket genus Saga (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Saginae) with the description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FC7AFB2524973E9908D021454D05F1C0">Şirin, Deniz</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="0F8118BA4F57C7D1F0F2C28426C32B06">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="8FB73D861312F5EA8E621A24E03BD57A">Taylan, Mehmet Sait</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="3EE944676D05317B14227B48E2E5341B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="13CB83C17544990A065471667A990D5D">Sevgili, Hasan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="A1878AF7D3BEF2D32A9D00F0A697A557">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="DD7BAE57E26AF48436BAB8CBA40E4A0A">Mol, Abbas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="AB13AF7206827E197D5A2DC7008E53C6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="DC67EA9679F810638B8F6B0679B2ECFF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="36B958D6DEDFFC9EDA37B1CDCA5D08AF">
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<mods:date id="930B3AA43C40CAAEB931A831A3F764DF">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="95A3C235B0C84713E0EF2275E3916B9B">2019-09-02</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A85C8827D38F5B37E133D056608C7492">4664</mods:number>
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<treatment id="A418878DFF9C0E65FF21FD16FD25FD8D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5610198" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159349047" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5610198" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A418878DFF9C0E65FF21FD16FD25FD8D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A418878DFF9C0E65FF21FD16FD25FD8D" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">
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<subSubSection id="64AB6510FF9C0E62FF21FD16FE3EFD65" box="[151,492,729,756]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="2C0E369BFF9C0E62FF21FD16FE3EFD65" blockId="3.[151,492,729,756]" box="[151,492,729,756]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">
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<heading id="774681F7FF9C0E62FF21FD16FE3EFD65" bold="true" box="[151,492,729,756]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="EBB14D18FF9C0E62FF21FD16FE3EFD65" ID-CoL="6WZW4" authority="Serville, 1838" authorityName="Serville" authorityYear="1838" box="[151,492,729,756]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Saga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natoliae">
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<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF9C0E62FF21FD16FE3EFD65" bold="true" box="[151,492,729,756]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">
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<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF9C0E62FF21FD16FEEFFD62" bold="true" box="[151,317,729,756]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Saga natoliae</emphasis>
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Serville, 1838
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="64AB6510FF9C0E65FF21FCEFFD25FD8D" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="2C0E369BFF9C0E62FF21FCEFFBC8FC3E" blockId="3.[151,1437,800,1188]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">
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<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF9C0E62FF21FCEFFEE1FCAD" bold="true" box="[151,307,800,827]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Distribution:</emphasis>
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This species was recorded from Balkans,
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<collectingCountry id="54A6760BFF9C0E62FCAFFCEEFCAEFCAD" box="[793,892,801,827]" name="Turkey" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Anatolia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="54A6760BFF9C0E62FC3FFCEEFC16FCAD" box="[905,964,801,827]" name="Syria" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Syria</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="54A6760BFF9C0E62FC49FCEEFBB3FCAD" box="[1023,1121,801,827]" name="Lebanon" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Lebanon</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="48204B6AFF9C0E62FBC7FCEEFAD6FCAD" author="Krauss, H." box="[1137,1284,801,827]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="57 - 64" refId="ref12062" refString="Krauss, H. (1879) Synonymische Bemerkungen mit Bezug auf Bolivar's Catalogus Orth. Opterorum Europae. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 29, 57 - 64." type="journal article" year="1879">Krauss 1879</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="48204B6AFF9C0E62FAA4FCEEFA45FCAD" author="Kirby, W. F." box="[1298,1431,801,827]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" refId="ref11824" refString="Kirby, W. F. (1906) Orthoptera Saltatoria. Part I. (Achetidae et Phasgonuridae). A Synonymic Catalogue of Orthoptera (Orthoptera Saltatoria, Locustidae vel Acridiidae). British Museum (Natural History), London, 562 pp." type="book" year="1906">Kirby 1906</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="48204B6AFF9C0E62FF21FC8AFE8AFCC9" author="Kaltenbach, A." box="[151,344,837,863]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="68 - 82" refId="ref11407" refString="Kaltenbach, A. (1964) Zur Systematik und Verbreitung der Raubheuschrecken (Tettigoniidae - Saginae), insbesondere der europaischen Arten der Gattung Saga Charpentier, Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Osterreichischer Entomologen, 16, 68 - 82" type="journal article" year="1964">Kaltenbach 1964</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
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<bibRefCitation id="48204B6AFF9C0E62FED7FC8AFE4FFCF6" author="Kaltenbach, A." box="[353,413,837,864]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="3 - 107" refId="ref11446" refString="Kaltenbach, A. (1967) Unterlagen fur eine Monographie der Saginae I. Superrevision der Gattung Saga Charpentier (Saltatoria: Tettigoniidae), Beitrage zur Entomologie, 17, 3 - 107." type="journal article" year="1967">1967</bibRefCitation>
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||
). The distribution of species in
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<collectingCountry id="54A6760BFF9C0E62FD40FC8AFC84FCC9" box="[758,854,837,863]" name="Turkey" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Anatolia</collectingCountry>
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has intensified mostly in Aegean and Mediterranean parts (
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<figureCitation id="B48A2A1EFF9C0E62FF68FCA6FE84FC15" box="[222,342,873,899]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1929,1954]" captionTargetBox="[168,1419,1215,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,1201,1909]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Distribution map (A) and male calling song of Saga natoliae (B—phrase series, C—one complete phrase and D—a group of syllables, black arrow is the hypothetic opening hemisyllable movemtent and grey arrow is the hypothetic closing hemisyllable movement)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3383540/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Figure 2A</figureCitation>
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) of it (
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||
<bibRefCitation id="48204B6AFF9C0E62FE1EFCA6FD97FC15" author="Ramme, W." box="[424,581,872,899]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="260 - 343" refId="ref12291" refString="Ramme, W. (1951) Zur systematik, Faunistik und Biologie der Orthopteren von Sudost-Europa und Vorderasien. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum Berlin, 27, 260 - 343. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnz. 4830270108" type="journal article" year="1951">Ramme 1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="48204B6AFF9C0E62FDE5FCA6FD24FC15" author="Karabag, T." box="[595,758,872,899]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" refId="ref11519" refString="Karabag, T. (1958) Turkiye'nin Orthoptera faunasi. Sirketi Murettebiye Basimevi, Istanbul, 192 pp." type="book" year="1958">Karabağ 1958</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="48204B6AFF9C0E62FCB2FCA6FC1AFC15" author="Kaltenbach, A." box="[772,968,873,899]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="3 - 107" refId="ref11446" refString="Kaltenbach, A. (1967) Unterlagen fur eine Monographie der Saginae I. Superrevision der Gattung Saga Charpentier (Saltatoria: Tettigoniidae), Beitrage zur Entomologie, 17, 3 - 107." type="journal article" year="1967">Kaltenbach 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="48204B6AFF9C0E62FC60FCA6FB6EFC15" author="Karabag, T. & Gumussuyu, I. & Balamir, S. & Tutkun, E." box="[982,1212,873,899]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="73 - 100" refId="ref11584" refString="Karabag, T., Gumussuyu, I., Balamir, S. & Tutkun, E. (1971) Turkiye Orthoptera Faunasinin Tespiti uzerine Arastirmalar. Bitki Koruma Bulteni, 11 (2), 73 - 100." type="journal article" year="1971">
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||
Karabağ
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||
<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF9C0E62FB88FCA5FBA0FC15" box="[1086,1138,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1971
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="48204B6AFF9C0E62FB7CFCA6FAD7FC15" author="Karabag, T. & Balamir, S. & Gumussuyu, I. & Tutkun, E." box="[1226,1285,873,899]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="3 - 18" refId="ref11539" refString="Karabag, T., Balamir, S., Gumussuyu, I. & Tutkun, E. (1974) Turkiye Orthoptera Faunasinin Tesbiti Uzerinde Arastirmalar (II). Bitki Koruma Bulteni, 14 (1), 3 - 18." type="journal article" year="1974">1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="48204B6AFF9C0E62FAA5FCA7FF00FC31" author="Onder, F. & Pehlivan, E. & Karsavuran, Y. & Serdar, T. & Kismali, S." pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="243 - 250" refId="ref12180" refString="Onder, F., Pehlivan, E., Karsavuran, Y., Serdar, T. & Kismali, S. (1999) Catalogeu of collection of Tettigoniidae (Orthoptera) preserved in the Prof. Dr. Niyazi Lodos Museum, Izmir, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 23 (4), 243 - 250." type="journal article" year="1999">
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Önder
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||
<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF9C0E62FAD4FCA5FA4FFC15" box="[1378,1437,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">et al.</emphasis>
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||
1999
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="48204B6AFF9C0E62FF68FC42FE7FFC31" author="Sevgili, H. & Demirsoy, A. & Durmus, Y." box="[222,429,909,935]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="631 - 652" refId="ref12716" refString="Sevgili, H., Demirsoy, A. & Durmus, Y. (2011) Orthoptera and Mantodea fauna of Kazdagi (Ida) National Park with data on the calling songs of some bush crickets. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 35 (3), 631 - 652." type="journal article" year="2011">
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Sevgili
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<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF9C0E62FE82FC41FEBFFC31" box="[308,365,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2011
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="48204B6AFF9C0E62FE0FFC42FD6CFC31" author="Tazegul, E. & Onder, F." box="[441,702,908,935]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="109 - 123" refId="ref13167" refString="Tazegul, E. & Onder, F. (2012) Izmir Ilinde bulunan Tettigonidae (Orthoptera) familyasi turleri uzerinde sistematik arastirmalar. Turk Entomoloji Bulteni, 2 (2), 109 - 123." type="journal article" year="2012">Tazegül & Önder 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="48204B6AFF9C0E62FD7EFC42FC83FC31" author="Heller, K. G." box="[712,849,909,935]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="77 - 100" refId="ref10645" refString="Heller, K. G. (2016) Bioacoustics. In: Lemonnier-Darcemont, M., Darcemont, C., Heller, K. G., Dutrillaux, A. M. & Dutrillaux, B. (Eds.), Saginae of Europe: Classification, biology, genetics, acoustics, ethology, threats. GEEM, Marseille, pp. 77 - 100." type="book chapter" year="2016">Heller 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="48204B6AFF9C0E62FCEAFC42FBDCFC3E" author="Mol, A. & Taylan, M. S. & Demir, E. & Sirin, D." box="[860,1038,909,936]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="75 - 98" refId="ref12094" refString="Mol, A., Taylan, M. S., Demir, E. & Sirin, D. (2016) Contribution to the knowledge of Ensifera (Insecta: Orthoptera) fauna of Turkey. Journal of Entomological Research Society, 18 (1), 75 - 98." type="journal article" year="2016">
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||
Mol
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||
<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF9C0E62FC24FC41FC11FC31" box="[914,963,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2C0E369BFF9C0E62FF71FC7FFD2DFB32" blockId="3.[151,1437,800,1188]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">
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<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF9C0E62FF71FC7FFE55FC5D" bold="true" box="[199,391,944,971]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Song recording:</emphasis>
|
||
Male specimens collected from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="54A6760BFF9C0E62FD40FC7EFC98FC5D" box="[758,842,945,971]" name="Turkey" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE75F879FF9C0E62FCE0FC7FFC46FC5D" box="[854,916,944,971]" country="Turkey" name="Izmir" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">İzmir</collectingRegion>
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||
, Aydın-İzmir highway to Torbalı, roadside, N: 38°14.05’, E: 27°22.18’,
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||
<quantity id="EB499B7EFF9C0E62FE0FFC1AFE24FC79" box="[441,502,981,1007]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" unit="m" value="90.0">90 m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="580F105BFF9C0E62FDB2FC1AFD54FC79" box="[516,646,981,1007]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" value="2018-06-29">
|
||
29.
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||
<collectionCode id="4AA0AE5EFF9C0E62FD93FC1AFD97FC79" box="[549,581,981,1007]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">VI</collectionCode>
|
||
.2018
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||
</date>
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||
, leg.: D. Şirin, M.S. Taylan and calling songs are recorded from one male at 28 ˚C in the room conditions (by M.S. Taylan),
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||
<collectingRegion id="EE75F879FF9C0E62FCBEFC36FCB1FB85" box="[776,867,1017,1043]" country="Turkey" name="Antalya" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Antalya</collectingRegion>
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||
, Akseki-Bozkır road, Ahırlı location,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="4985505CFF9C0E62FABDFC36FA4AFB85" box="[1291,1432,1016,1043]" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="11.57" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" precision="9" value="36.192833">N 36°11.57’</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="4985505CFF9C0E62FF21FBD2FEE3FBA1" box="[151,305,1053,1079]" degrees="036" direction="east" minutes="06.26" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" precision="9" value="36.104332">E 036°06.26’</geoCoordinate>
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,
|
||
<quantity id="EB499B7EFF9C0E62FE88FBD2FE45FBA1" box="[318,407,1053,1079]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.376" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" unit="m" value="1376.0">1376 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="580F105BFF9C0E62FE12FBD2FDFDFBA1" box="[420,559,1053,1079]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" value="2017-07-23">23.VII.2017</date>
|
||
, leg.: H. Sevgili, D. Şirin, A. Mol & M.S. Taylan and the calling songs were recorded from one male at 26 ˚C in the room conditions (by D. Şirin),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE75F879FF9C0E62FC2FFB8EFC26FBCD" box="[921,1012,1089,1115]" country="Turkey" name="Antalya" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Antalya</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Termessos, Güllükdağı,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4985505CFF9C0E62FABAFB8EFA4AFBCD" box="[1292,1432,1088,1115]" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="59.03" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" precision="9" value="36.983833">N 36°59.03’</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4985505CFF9C0E62FF21FBAAFEE2FBE9" box="[151,304,1125,1151]" degrees="030" direction="east" minutes="27.47" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" precision="9" value="30.457834">E 030°27.47’</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="EB499B7EFF9C0E62FE8AFBAAFE46FBE9" box="[316,404,1125,1151]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.036" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" unit="m" value="1036.0">1036 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="580F105BFF9C0E62FE16FBABFDF9FBE9" box="[416,555,1124,1151]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" value="2015-07-04">04.VII.2015</date>
|
||
, leg.: D. Şirin, A. Mol & M.S. Taylan and the calling songs are recorded from one male at 27 ˚C in the room conditions (by D. Şirin).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="78CE6613FF9C0E62FF21F846FE12F87C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3383540/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" startId="3.[151,250,1929,1954]" targetBox="[168,1419,1215,1901]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="2C0E369BFF9C0E62FF21F846FE12F87C" blockId="3.[151,1437,1929,2026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF9C0E62FF21F846FEC4F834" bold="true" box="[151,278,1929,1954]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution map (A) and male calling song of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EBB14D18FF9C0E62FCA6F845FC4DF837" authorityName="Serville" authorityYear="1838" box="[784,927,1929,1953]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Saga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natoliae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF9C0E62FCA6F845FC4DF837" box="[784,927,1929,1953]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Saga natoliae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(B—phrase series, C—one complete phrase and D—a group of syllables, black arrow is the hypothetic opening hemisyllable movemtent and grey arrow is the hypothetic closing hemisyllable movement).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="2C0E369BFF9B0E65FF71FF57FD25FD8D" blockId="4.[151,1436,152,539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF9B0E65FF71FF57FE67FF25" bold="true" box="[199,437,152,179]" pageId="4" pageNumber="87">Description of song:</emphasis>
|
||
A
|
||
<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF9B0E65FE61FF56FE32FF25" bold="true" box="[471,480,153,179]" pageId="4" pageNumber="87">t</emphasis>
|
||
otal of 15 records from six males were examined. The calling song consists of phrases (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B48A2A1EFF9B0E65FF29FF72FEC3FF41" box="[159,273,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1929,1954]" captionTargetBox="[168,1419,1215,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,1201,1909]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Distribution map (A) and male calling song of Saga natoliae (B—phrase series, C—one complete phrase and D—a group of syllables, black arrow is the hypothetic opening hemisyllable movemtent and grey arrow is the hypothetic closing hemisyllable movement)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3383540/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="87">Figure 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
) with irregular intervals. Phrases usually reach its maximum intensity between 1/4 and 1/3 of the phrase; however, in some of the phrases, there is often a more gradual crescendo roughly up to half of the phrase. Phrase durations vary between 2.29 and 4.18 s (3.21 ± 0.18), and the phrase comprises between 83 and 131 syllables (108.6 ± 5.56). The phrase generally begins with a characteristic isolated
|
||
<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF9B0E65FC33FEE6FBC1FED5" box="[901,1043,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="87">hemisyllable</emphasis>
|
||
, which has variable amplitude and durations within intra and inter-populations of species (
|
||
<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF9B0E65FCBCFE81FCACFEF1" box="[778,894,334,359]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="87">Termessos</emphasis>
|
||
: 3–18 ms;
|
||
<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF9B0E65FC4BFE82FB9CFEF1" box="[1021,1102,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="87">Torbalı</emphasis>
|
||
: 26–31 ms and
|
||
<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF9B0E65FAB3FE82FA94FEF1" box="[1285,1350,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="87">Ahırlı</emphasis>
|
||
: 15–23 ms) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B48A2A1EFF9B0E65FF79FEBEFE97FE1D" box="[207,325,369,395]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1929,1954]" captionTargetBox="[168,1419,1215,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,1201,1909]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Distribution map (A) and male calling song of Saga natoliae (B—phrase series, C—one complete phrase and D—a group of syllables, black arrow is the hypothetic opening hemisyllable movemtent and grey arrow is the hypothetic closing hemisyllable movement)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3383540/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="87">Figure 2C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The isolated loud hemisyllable is followed by contiguous/ordinary syllables of phrase with a variable gap in duration within intra and inter-populations of species (
|
||
<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF9B0E65FC3FFE59FC2FFE39" box="[905,1021,406,431]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="87">Termessos</emphasis>
|
||
: 25–276 ms;
|
||
<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF9B0E65FB2DFE5AFB3EFE39" box="[1179,1260,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="87">Torbalı</emphasis>
|
||
: 24–28 ms and
|
||
<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF9B0E65FF21FE76FF0AFE45" box="[151,216,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="87">Ahırlı</emphasis>
|
||
: 12–124 ms). Oscillographic analyses show that the syllable period duration varies between 25.01 and 46.47 ms (28.33 ± 1.83) and each syllable shows approximately a standard structure, which is formulated as
|
||
<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF9B0E65FAA5FE12FDB6FD8D" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="87">soft opening hemisyllable + loud closing hemisyllable</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="B48A2A1EFF9B0E65FDC4FDCEFD38FD8D" box="[626,746,513,539]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1929,1954]" captionTargetBox="[168,1419,1215,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,1201,1909]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Distribution map (A) and male calling song of Saga natoliae (B—phrase series, C—one complete phrase and D—a group of syllables, black arrow is the hypothetic opening hemisyllable movemtent and grey arrow is the hypothetic closing hemisyllable movement)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3383540/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="87">Figure 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |