271 lines
30 KiB
XML
271 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="285695" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1189.115996" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1f6be6a5-1132-413a-b541-34e9810c7876" ID-PMC="PMC10836147" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1189-337" ID-Pensoft-UUID="0739E6C4B821548DB90C893A7A9E224F" ID-PubMed="38314110" ID-ZooBank="E7B9E7E07D64469A9B6C96EBAE1944F9" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1189-337" checkinTime="1705630660178" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Liu, Bo & Zhang, Feng" docDate="2024" docId="5FF7B714F4975E4DBE1257E8423F7BA5" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1189: 337-347" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1189" docPubDate="2024-01-18" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1189.115996" docTitle="Hotwheels sisyphus Liu & Zhang 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="0437E3C2-DC00-4BA4-865A-E6E6DDDB55A0" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="0739E6C4B821548DB90C893A7A9E224F" lastPageNumber="337" masterDocId="0739E6C4B821548DB90C893A7A9E224F" masterDocTitle="Hotwheels gen. nov., a new ground spider genus (Araneae, Gnaphosidae) from southwest China" masterLastPageNumber="347" masterPageNumber="337" pageNumber="337" updateTime="1732779927177" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="498555E65E99A00A2DF162AFAA9A83C6">
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<mods:title id="2921A0086EC10A0EFF78E75DA32101C3">Hotwheels gen. nov., a new ground spider genus (Araneae, Gnaphosidae) from southwest China</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="C70FBDEF3F7F5CD68CC58D534D150DCC" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4B41C300BA12894D3876D80EF2B628F5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="AC4274B102833C980DC61FBA8C964F15">Liu, Bo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D2239F22527355854739CB4CC13AB1F6" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3740-7173</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="546C3C9CC6B35F4E7DD1593A80C9C4B0">The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, Hebei Basic Science Center for Biotic Interaction, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0B2D797F277ACC6CCA7465266212704D">Zhang, Feng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D4D47D9F6A3B9B7CE03B7E2D23799E52" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3347-1031</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="E2001E88D517682F9C6A5DC4C9DF6ADF">The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, Hebei Basic Science Center for Biotic Interaction, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="03AE44141CE26FA0B2A0749878AEB776" type="email">dudu06042001@163.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="777FBA67091C571B6CEE9DDD89141C6C">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A7486D29634604217C878FD0C43E3D78">
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<mods:date id="42BED0C6513BE76A6693D85A431DFD38">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="ACE92C574A72A0BC4214506DF10A3CE3">2024-01-18</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="145B59714EB013DFE44DA2C509FC827E">1189</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="D1E42118A0EDF4518807117C73A4D98C">337</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="8F297E5DB2B1ED73AF31FC031A82CBDE">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1189.115996</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="DBDE57F6CA5E5B62F56D64C8DC4DFA9B">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="5E9A08A262483C5514E27A78E80C2EE5" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1189.115996</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E065D1E447C7690CC4CEC84ABAFED83E" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1189-337</mods:identifier>
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<subSection id="80F23AFF44249D7F475268A53CEF273F" pageId="0" pageNumber="337" type="taxonomy">
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<treatment id="5FF7B714F4975E4DBE1257E8423F7BA5" ID-GBIF-Taxon="220836863" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0437E3C2-DC00-4BA4-865A-E6E6DDDB55A0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5FF7B714F4975E4DBE1257E8423F7BA5" lastPageNumber="337" pageId="0" pageNumber="337" scope_family="Gnaphosidae" scope_order="Araneae">
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<subSubSection id="88C2BE7A0513DBCC5D9DA3AFD8D68BDA" pageId="0" pageNumber="337" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="FB1F31D5B3B007B421C9E1374D2553CB" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">
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<taxonomicName id="996871EB2AFD9B75792B5993751D7ABF" LSID="https://zoobank.org/0437E3C2-DC00-4BA4-865A-E6E6DDDB55A0" authority="Liu & Zhang, 2024" authorityName="Liu & Zhang" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Hotwheels" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hotwheels sisyphus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sisyphus" status="sp. nov.">Hotwheels sisyphus</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="AAF699386F44EC14709FDEDFCC0B5805" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F0FE67DB161CF4B6E719141AB8F0255A" pageId="0" pageNumber="337" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8E285B3ADE7E51A68E758B107F5108A0" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">
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<figureCitation id="3C3F68FD14E71BB51C428D88D257DB8E" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Hotwheels sisyphus sp. nov., male (A-C, F) and female (D, E) A, B habitus, dorsal and ventral view C, D left chelicera, retrolateral view E, F spigots on anterior lateral spinneret. Abbreviations: MaAm = major ampullate gland spigot, Pi = piriform gland spigot." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1189.115996.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/969814" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="35632A37DD0506FC2358EBCFA526B976" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Male left palp of Hotwheels sisyphus sp. nov. A ventral view B dorsal view C prolateral view D retrolateral view. Abbreviations: C = conductor, DTM = distal tubular membrane, E = embolus, ED = ejaculatory duct, EP 1 = embolar process, MA = median apophysis, R = embolar radix, RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis, ST = subtegulum, T = tegulum, TM = terminal membrane." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1189.115996.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/969815" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">, 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="5106FFB049FFEE14BEE4FD2D96921BA6" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Expanded male left palp of Hotwheels sisyphus sp. nov. (A-E), Synaphosus palearcticus Ovtsharenko, Levy & Platnick, 1994 (F) and S. cangshanus Yang, Yang & Zhang, 2013 (G). A prolateral view B retrolateral view C dorsal view D frontal view E embolar processes F retrolateral view G anterior view. Abbreviations: C = conductor, CA 1 - 3 = apophysis of conductor, BH = basal haematodocha, DTM = distal tubular membrane, E = embolus, ED = ejaculatory duct, EP 1 - 2 = embolar process, MA = median apophysis, MH = median haematodocha, R = embolar radix, RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis, SD = sperm duct, ST = subtegulum, T = tegulum, TM = terminal membrane." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1189.115996.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/969816" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">, 3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="D2FCD27CC1CC5A0304B7CB337DDDFEE4" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Hotwheels sisyphus sp. nov., female A, B habitus, dorsal and ventral view C, D right tarsus and metatarsus IV, preening brush, in prolateral (C) and ventral view (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1189.115996.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/969817" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">, 4</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="211B0A545E8FD8567599988A0FCD1F84" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Epigyne of Hotwheels sisyphus sp. nov., intact (A-C, E, G) or macerated in clove oil (D, F), in ventral (A, D), frontal (C) and dorsal (B, E, F) view G CD path. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct, CO = copulatory opening, DSS = duct of secondary spermatheca, FD = fertilization duct, H = hood, PS = primary spermatheca, SS = secondary spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1189.115996.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/969818" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">
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, 5
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<normalizedToken id="D777DE24E62AE8F6EE7797D7B6F06E33" originalValue="西西弗斯火轮蛛">西西弗斯火轮蛛</normalizedToken>
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</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3655C1565557C29363700CF1B6927F67" pageId="0" pageNumber="337" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="9D22E985EDB9767B3B199AFA54FBCBBE" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="76756D484654BEB809416034A03D72CD" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">
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<emphasis id="B8CD9D21D299B6F05BF05DC12FB83934" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">Holotype</emphasis>
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♂, China: Guizhou Prov., Bijie City, Hezhang Co., Yemachuan Town, Dayan Cave,
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<geoCoordinate id="12070B8FBE653AF66B732786137CEDA9" degrees="27.132997" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.132998">27.132997°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="8C097BE74E5439E63C281071C7131096" degrees="104.818279" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="104.818275">104.818279°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1392 m elev., 2.X. 2019, leg. Z. Feng & L. Zhao.
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<emphasis id="F760178BEA57621833058D2827E15EF3" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">Paratype</emphasis>
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: 1♀1♂, same data as holotype; 1♂1♀, China: Guizhou Prov., Qianxinan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Pref., Xingren City, Xinlongchang Town, Lianzhuang Vil., Daxiao Cave,
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<geoCoordinate id="DA45C9D73C95EF9ACE3E996CB2841B11" degrees="25.438033" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="25.438032">25.438033°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="229653F49CA8CF4AD85F09ECB328763A" degrees="105.116197" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="105.116196">105.116197°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1473 m elev., 5.VIII.2022, leg. Y. Hou & L. Zhang; 1♂, China: Sichuan Prov., Leshan City, Emei Mt, Jiulinggang,
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<geoCoordinate id="953039CD61333416E588A152108A3BAE" degrees="29.558433" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="29.558434">29.558433°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="5FEE55EE90DE174A884A04713636AD34" degrees="103.347167" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="103.34717">103.347167°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1811 m elev., 13.IV.2018, leg. Z. Zhang & L. Wang; 1♂1♀, China: Yunnan Prov., Honghe Autonomous Pref., Mile Co., Hongxi Town, Bailong Cave, 1.IV.2018, leg. H. Wang.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F716F7BB0C25D341AE09A3C734802C33" pageId="0" pageNumber="337" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="070302F1AC4B49162335073BAA2C36ED" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4502A73D9A1AC0F60FE1EB4C2073E0ED" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">
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The specific name is derived from Sisyphus, a king in Greek mythology who offended Zeus and whose punishment was to repeatedly roll a huge stone up a hill only to have it roll back down, because the circular copulatory ducts are like
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<normalizedToken id="E344F512044AA2535FCD6CEB579E1580" originalValue="Sisyphus’s">Sisyphus's</normalizedToken>
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cyclic mission; noun in apposition.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="46E8CF6D53F5C4E2279B5A6065BF5062" pageId="0" pageNumber="337" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A5D653CF1C09320B73A951750B2CF3F3" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AABE4DAD28E7FFAB06FDDEF0C3F605B7" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">
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<emphasis id="3957486DAE47E6E3E0CA9D5B5E646B73" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">
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Male.
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<emphasis id="047DCC2155C33C0776E2A96F5938A139" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">Holotype</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation id="B5469E9E27A02CFDA33AE835C4C332A7" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Hotwheels sisyphus sp. nov., male (A-C, F) and female (D, E) A, B habitus, dorsal and ventral view C, D left chelicera, retrolateral view E, F spigots on anterior lateral spinneret. Abbreviations: MaAm = major ampullate gland spigot, Pi = piriform gland spigot." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1189.115996.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/969814" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">1A, B</figureCitation>
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): total length 5.08; carapace 2.56 long, 1.95 wide; abdomen 2.52 long, 1.70 wide.
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<emphasis id="D441E18413EFA39FFA3F8F36131DC652" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">Eye sizes and interdistances</emphasis>
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: AME 0.15, ALE 0.16, PME 0.10, PLE 0.13; AME-AME 0.04, AME-ALE 0.01, PME-PME 0.08, PME-PLE 0.02, ALE-PLE 0.03.
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<emphasis id="C7C81E7221602BCF1B2A24EAF6527ECF" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">Leg measurements</emphasis>
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: I 7.28 (2.11, 0.92, 1.76, 1.39, 1.10), II 6.18 (1.83, 0.80, 1.48, 1.13, 0.94), III 5.62 (1.62, 0.65, 1.18, 1.26, 0.91), IV 7.89 (1.97, 0.81, 1.91, 2.06, 1.14). Cheliceral promargin and retromargin with 4 teeth (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="63209B577E2720BABBF48A8A5C8461D9" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Hotwheels sisyphus sp. nov., male (A-C, F) and female (D, E) A, B habitus, dorsal and ventral view C, D left chelicera, retrolateral view E, F spigots on anterior lateral spinneret. Abbreviations: MaAm = major ampullate gland spigot, Pi = piriform gland spigot." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1189.115996.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/969814" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">1C</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="143EFE54AC2DAC18153168B3EB8F4C4A" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">
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<emphasis id="636F1FB4EAC5DBCE20A69209BB45A99D" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">Palp</emphasis>
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in regular state (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="ACE4DFB5E0416AC491E10D893D034CB4" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Male left palp of Hotwheels sisyphus sp. nov. A ventral view B dorsal view C prolateral view D retrolateral view. Abbreviations: C = conductor, DTM = distal tubular membrane, E = embolus, ED = ejaculatory duct, EP 1 = embolar process, MA = median apophysis, R = embolar radix, RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis, ST = subtegulum, T = tegulum, TM = terminal membrane." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1189.115996.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/969815" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">2</figureCitation>
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). Femur and patella unmodified. Tibia with long retrolateral apophysis, nearly 2
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<normalizedToken id="9FD5CAD36D4426EACC492AD9BFEFA335" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than tibia, with prolateral curved tip. Cymbium pear shaped, without apical spines. Median apophysis on retrolateral apex of tegulum, nearly 2
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<normalizedToken id="1C7D222E53E4F4F584B6EEE4706C2D1E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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wider than tegulum, pointed, curved. Conductor weakly sclerotized, folded and covered on tegulum and subtegulum, posterior part hidden behind median apophysis. Distal tubular membrane connects radix to tegulum. Embolus long, originates at about 7-8
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<normalizedToken id="FDD153BEAF1328E7F5DDFF2203A8A925" originalValue="o’clock">o'clock</normalizedToken>
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, basal half rotated anticlockwise, with terminal membrane and two embolar processes (EP1, EP2), posterior half usually hidden behind conductor. Ejaculatory duct distinct.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="D4CD0D1AFB022C0BBA27521BB4F77030" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1189.115996.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/969815" pageId="0" pageNumber="337" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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<paragraph id="E427D55F0FE0C1C619F6326BECBEAB68" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">
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<emphasis id="0DEB19293A247411A1DF8525900B745F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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Male left palp of
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<taxonomicName id="5DAFDF15ED8800651C508332AE0EF360" authorityName="Liu & Zhang" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Hotwheels" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hotwheels sisyphus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sisyphus">
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<emphasis id="98CBB8781171A5AF1E7D3C24B71BC768" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">Hotwheels sisyphus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.
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<emphasis id="C489C75DEF01AAC2CFD063E081A34C5C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">A</emphasis>
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ventral view
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<emphasis id="6C25B17A5D8E19347E9EDE0DD808936F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">B</emphasis>
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dorsal view
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<emphasis id="AE2B7A01E939ECA67CE7003779BD69FD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">C</emphasis>
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prolateral view
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<emphasis id="D6BD15CA85C11BBA52FBC250EED5090A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">D</emphasis>
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retrolateral view. Abbreviations: C = conductor, DTM = distal tubular membrane, E = embolus, ED = ejaculatory duct, EP1 = embolar process, MA = median apophysis, R = embolar radix, RTA= retrolateral tibial apophysis, ST = subtegulum, T = tegulum, TM = terminal membrane.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="32118DA234E26AC26755E30D977FAAA2" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">
|
||
Expanded palp (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEEDE442ABD2AB05BB925D67DC536439" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Expanded male left palp of Hotwheels sisyphus sp. nov. (A-E), Synaphosus palearcticus Ovtsharenko, Levy & Platnick, 1994 (F) and S. cangshanus Yang, Yang & Zhang, 2013 (G). A prolateral view B retrolateral view C dorsal view D frontal view E embolar processes F retrolateral view G anterior view. Abbreviations: C = conductor, CA 1 - 3 = apophysis of conductor, BH = basal haematodocha, DTM = distal tubular membrane, E = embolus, ED = ejaculatory duct, EP 1 - 2 = embolar process, MA = median apophysis, MH = median haematodocha, R = embolar radix, RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis, SD = sperm duct, ST = subtegulum, T = tegulum, TM = terminal membrane." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1189.115996.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/969816" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">3A-E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Basal haematodocha large, well developed. Subtegulum smaller than tegulum. Median haematodocha small. Conductor originates at tegulum prolaterally, expanded, crescent shaped with thickened border. Distal tubular membrane expanded, spherical. Terminal membrane inflated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="C387F3514D444AC49A9C6494B0F49EB3" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1189.115996.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/969816" pageId="0" pageNumber="337" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph id="E5BC4922AF7664582F5813EEFCC5E351" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<emphasis id="FE4B8899073BAD1B1AE034FE884E4DC8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Expanded male left palp of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1FA87CD7C03AA943E9F57E66E5D3B434" authorityName="Liu & Zhang" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Hotwheels" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hotwheels sisyphus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sisyphus">
|
||
<emphasis id="267D66A2C178FCA201564C85EAA85ED7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">Hotwheels sisyphus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. (
|
||
<emphasis id="AA62CA36DFBA343C05AB060146C2A0DB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">A-E</emphasis>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F4DBC3D90DDE1EF2F30D5A850CB56C48" authorityName="Ovtsharenko, Levy & Platnick" authorityYear="1994" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Synaphosus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synaphosus palearcticus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palearcticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D6B0B32954243DB128692D58242262EF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">Synaphosus palearcticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Ovtsharenko, Levy & Platnick, 1994 (
|
||
<emphasis id="58D6F99B52579759B24BD3F679C2929B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">F</emphasis>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4B130505F2FEBACC3774ACD08A520277" lsidName="S. cangshanus" pageId="0" pageNumber="337" rank="species" species="cangshanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4B051B79670DA6D085FE926D7B627E9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">S. cangshanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Yang, Yang & Zhang, 2013 (
|
||
<emphasis id="FDA26EA0247DBDCC07D921DF942BBD4D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">G</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="C386EB010C3210AD82F0237C623FCE7F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">A</emphasis>
|
||
prolateral view
|
||
<emphasis id="B0125FA053050B7138652CC2A8151F1C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">B</emphasis>
|
||
retrolateral view
|
||
<emphasis id="055573DCE2350B720D97879BEBB17E02" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">C</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis id="044BA225F136B5323A4E5027CC1CF838" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">D</emphasis>
|
||
frontal view
|
||
<emphasis id="328E64CBB6F0F2A11D8052D368A342BD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">E</emphasis>
|
||
embolar processes
|
||
<emphasis id="B8D87B4E4483B83C61274F2768F5E582" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">F</emphasis>
|
||
retrolateral view
|
||
<emphasis id="D1483FF8ED67BD849238FADB3526709B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">G</emphasis>
|
||
anterior view. Abbreviations: C = conductor, CA1-3 = apophysis of conductor, BH = basal haematodocha, DTM = distal tubular membrane, E = embolus, ED = ejaculatory duct, EP1-2 = embolar process, MA = median apophysis, MH = median haematodocha, R = embolar radix, RTA= retrolateral tibial apophysis, SD = sperm duct, ST = subtegulum, T = tegulum, TM = terminal membrane.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="5AC566E988F4B864142455D318B95BF6" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<emphasis id="4CEBC8EA89AD367721867D0A8024311D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">
|
||
Female.
|
||
<emphasis id="F64D0DA15ED1E2595DDD2FA73C8D45CF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">Paratype</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="A51421FED514DE6A5679A6ADBDA19D7B" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Hotwheels sisyphus sp. nov., female A, B habitus, dorsal and ventral view C, D right tarsus and metatarsus IV, preening brush, in prolateral (C) and ventral view (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1189.115996.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/969817" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">4</figureCitation>
|
||
): total length 5.77; carapace 2.83 long, 2.02 wide; abdomen 2.94 long, 2.05 wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="982F6902338BE1B332F535097DC37EE7" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">Eye sizes and interdistances</emphasis>
|
||
: AME 0.16, ALE 0.15, PME 0.11, PLE 0.13; AME-AME 0.03, AME-ALE 0.01, PME-PME 0.09, PME-PLE 0.06, ALE-PLE 0.04.
|
||
<emphasis id="10AD3257FEEED007F0A7DCE12387654E" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">Leg measurements</emphasis>
|
||
: I 7.15 (2.16, 0.98, 1.68, 1.22, 1.11), II 6.17 (1.84, 0.90, 1.39, 1.12, 0.92), III 5.98 (1.62, 0.67, 1.24, 1.38, 1.07), IV 8.34 (2.37, 0.80, 1.80, 2.25, 1.12). Cheliceral promargin with 5 teeth, retromargin with 3 teeth (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="A926F94FED9841E5D4301F406608F308" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Hotwheels sisyphus sp. nov., male (A-C, F) and female (D, E) A, B habitus, dorsal and ventral view C, D left chelicera, retrolateral view E, F spigots on anterior lateral spinneret. Abbreviations: MaAm = major ampullate gland spigot, Pi = piriform gland spigot." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1189.115996.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/969814" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">1D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="BD5A7F84D1ADD6CF6C291621282E160E" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1189.115996.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/969817" pageId="0" pageNumber="337" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph id="C4C5C063B6A0123F28F0783841CFEEA5" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<emphasis id="24904072A50D12B2E6C40C6A13B07FA5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7F36B9B85919FF7E8E33BC8DD11448BE" authorityName="Liu & Zhang" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Hotwheels" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hotwheels sisyphus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sisyphus">
|
||
<emphasis id="695035D072D9F12144BA8938C0CD3B7B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">Hotwheels sisyphus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., female
|
||
<emphasis id="25DA6705D97BDCD5C995C3F2C0454F15" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
habitus, dorsal and ventral view
|
||
<emphasis id="B765718DEA3E5E93BD6FB9F3300E196B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">C, D</emphasis>
|
||
right tarsus and metatarsus IV, preening brush, in prolateral (
|
||
<emphasis id="01E97568B3778BC29C638919F8802894" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">C</emphasis>
|
||
) and ventral view (
|
||
<emphasis id="B514A4FF134FB98E33BAE935CA5B13E1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">D</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="88F912463E6CD2A7817C9AADB90027E5" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<emphasis id="5F160FF3BE48DEF8D46D27ED3E5FCD6F" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">Epigyne</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="6C1AC9B47168A88156005C204A236C13" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Epigyne of Hotwheels sisyphus sp. nov., intact (A-C, E, G) or macerated in clove oil (D, F), in ventral (A, D), frontal (C) and dorsal (B, E, F) view G CD path. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct, CO = copulatory opening, DSS = duct of secondary spermatheca, FD = fertilization duct, H = hood, PS = primary spermatheca, SS = secondary spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1189.115996.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/969818" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">5</figureCitation>
|
||
). Epigynal plate elongated oval. Anterior folds form hood. Copulatory openings large, distinct, located mediolaterally. Copulatory ducts long, wide anteriorly, almost twice as wide as primary spermathecae, circular anteriorly and medially, membranous medially. Primary spermathecae small and globular. Secondary spermathecae small, with long ducts. Fertilization ducts extend laterally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="D21DF64CF28452C98DE7B3BB06BA817A" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1189.115996.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/969818" pageId="0" pageNumber="337" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
|
||
<paragraph id="6E6F411A02B04858BF8975E0A260DFC0" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B2EA810FB9D3E0D0C508375AB5F9B79" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Epigyne of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21097D9719B060AF5ED48331B808D9C9" authorityName="Liu & Zhang" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Hotwheels" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hotwheels sisyphus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sisyphus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4FB91F89A6218542A5489D7CCB6E39B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">Hotwheels sisyphus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., intact (
|
||
<emphasis id="DA8954359FC1F47220A9D7945466039D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">A-C, E, G</emphasis>
|
||
) or macerated in clove oil (
|
||
<emphasis id="812603B5E88DAD698F186272BC4F78FB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">D, F</emphasis>
|
||
), in ventral (
|
||
<emphasis id="AB7AA584B6753838E01E5AE73AFA5DD4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">A, D</emphasis>
|
||
), frontal (
|
||
<emphasis id="9B22B42E3B5CC1B6129EB158BD3BA373" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">C</emphasis>
|
||
) and dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis id="F7ECC98520670DAFCB795EBDAAB68B84" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">B, E, F</emphasis>
|
||
) view
|
||
<emphasis id="9436A7AF36722E1B9A55D7995BB4E3B6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">G</emphasis>
|
||
CD path. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct, CO = copulatory opening, DSS = duct of secondary spermatheca, FD = fertilization duct, H = hood, PS = primary spermatheca, SS = secondary spermatheca.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="92B1D3209E3605A710E5AD8363F2274C" pageId="0" pageNumber="337" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="283F0E2615DDA8A9917DDF7F67396270" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0AE7BFCF79A82AF1B42166A4508EA24F" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">
|
||
China (Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan) (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="FD3AF156ADE50C22236E01BB314B5447" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Map showing type locality and other records of Hotwheels sisyphus sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1189.115996.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/969819" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">6</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="7EC745988802BF2FD3280F6377585D1A" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1189.115996.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/969819" pageId="0" pageNumber="337" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB88165B18603F79DCFD1FE2C18135B2" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<emphasis id="7F1CE0DEE958B6DB0845433A6F6B74D6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Map showing type locality and other records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="08967F2CE61EB3617C04F6600730153B" authorityName="Liu & Zhang" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Hotwheels" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hotwheels sisyphus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sisyphus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DE4CEC716F1C93895DCE9706EC36766F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="337">Hotwheels sisyphus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</document> |