284 lines
35 KiB
XML
284 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="DECF69C349A8694F35EC1A0618206416" ID-CLB-Dataset="7749" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4938.4.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="539c0af2-fb4b-495a-8698-adb94eb7e220" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4574869" ID-ZooBank="40593C45-C2E7-4EFB-8EFB-6A57689E5D2E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1614751251182" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Scherz, Mark D., Schmidt, Luca, Crottini, Angelica, Miralles, Aurélien, Rakotoarison, Andolalao, Raselimanana, Achille P., Köhler, Jörn, Glaw, Frank & Vences, Miguel" docDate="2021" docId="1C7C8218FF88FFE8FF0174EDFE42FF7B" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4938.4.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4938 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pseudohemisus longimanus Angel 1930" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="409" masterDocId="E045FA60FF99FFFAFF967616FFEAFF82" masterDocTitle="Into the Chamber of Horrors: A proposal for the resolution of nomenclatural chaos in the Scaphiophryne calcarata complex (Anura: Microhylidae), with a new species-level phylogenetic hypothesis for Scaphiophryninae" masterLastPageNumber="420" masterPageNumber="392" pageNumber="409" updateTime="1698931885714" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="E7EA1CDA7ABF096B671AF28861D99827">Into the Chamber of Horrors: A proposal for the resolution of nomenclatural chaos in the Scaphiophryne calcarata complex (Anura: Microhylidae), with a new species-level phylogenetic hypothesis for Scaphiophryninae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EAB1F4864E6F8C97BFE8509CC35D8239">Scherz, Mark D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2C666846CA28ECEC49D0AC15EDD237FB">Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78464 Konstanz, Germany mark. scherz @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4613 - 7761</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="48AF7A3E68AEB53A3E121BB7F9AE6E8E" type="email">mark.scherz@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="4AB1E5EC454ACB2C0C936E49D5D9900F">Schmidt, Luca</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2CAB7BC74288D87327AB4001F72D1F2E">Braunschweig University of Technology, Zoological Institute, Mendelssohnstrasse 4, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany m. vences @ tu-braunschweig. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0747 - 0817</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="288738877000FE5AC4163FF73E291BBA" type="email">m.vences@tu-braunschweig.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="2E5753D815939DFCFE3766558DDEA85E">Crottini, Angelica</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9AF874CC396C26D15730B6CBBBA4420C">CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, N 7, 4485 - 661 Vairão, Portugal</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="61DE38434B6230066969C9B79A2E5943">Miralles, Aurélien</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A006E1E4919F674AD37B35E878C13FC6">Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 50, 75005 Paris, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BECFDDF5137CD14398550542DB9EA6D8">Rakotoarison, Andolalao</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A2EB4F0E40F04A494E9C21B2464EB366">Zoologie et Biodiversité Animale, Université d’Antananarivo, BP 906, Antananarivo, 101 Madagascar</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6A4B7B81962B03BD952BD23D61AEFA20">Raselimanana, Achille P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9B93A0FE11DCF1437B2CFD8880F2FDAD">Zoologie et Biodiversité Animale, Université d’Antananarivo, BP 906, Antananarivo, 101 Madagascar & Association Vahatra, lot VA 38 LB Ter A, Ambohidempona- Tsiadana, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar raselimananaachille @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1610 - 7307</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D2D1ECCE60960A99413D44EEC60ADE05" type="email">raselimananaachille@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="C810767360736B4529E5FACBFCD23372">Köhler, Jörn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D13DFB80FC4776BB20D3529D97637AA5">Hessisches Landesmuseum Darmstadt, Friedensplatz 1, 64283 Darmstadt, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DE5698DAFAFA69AD175C135971B5DA3F">Glaw, Frank</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="818126D808D7703496D81562D8DEEAAC">Zoologische Staatssammlung München (ZSM-SNSB), Münchhausenstrasse 21, 81247 München, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A72E285F984F136510CD53040AEC955D">Vences, Miguel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B171AF1AF90C93EC7A0ECA63E981D1AA">Braunschweig University of Technology, Zoological Institute, Mendelssohnstrasse 4, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany m. vences @ tu-braunschweig. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0747 - 0817</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="12477318B8267815DFED607A6565F698" type="email">m.vences@tu-braunschweig.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="5C041F9466A9346176D596DF99F7B25E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="0F94EC640733C219032B3A50EE671D83">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="882193D1CA537F7BCE3A60D7AE694782">2021-03-02</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="971D9B888D8181E2084395AECA8AE934">4938</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="3F71D9CB37FC54DF122456D6B725133D" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4938.4.2</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="1C7C8218FF88FFE8FF0174EDFE42FF7B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4605116" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180568746" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4605116" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1C7C8218FF88FFE8FF0174EDFE42FF7B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1C7C8218FF88FFE8FF0174EDFE42FF7B" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="409" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">
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<subSubSection id="DCCF6085FF88FFEBFF0174EDFEAFFC03" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="946A330EFF88FFEBFF0174EDFD6EFC97" blockId="17.[151,644,763,790]" box="[151,644,763,790]" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">
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<heading id="CF228462FF88FFEBFF0174EDFD6EFC97" bold="true" box="[151,644,763,790]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="53D5488DFF88FFEBFF0174EDFD6EFC97" ID-CoL="4NY6B" authority="Angel, 1930" authorityName="Angel" authorityYear="1930" box="[151,644,763,790]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Pseudohemisus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longimanus">
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<emphasis id="A6A1EF1CFF88FFEBFF0174EDFD6EFC97" bold="true" box="[151,644,763,790]" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">
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<emphasis id="A6A1EF1CFF88FFEBFF0174EDFE03FC94" bold="true" box="[151,489,763,790]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">Pseudohemisus longimanus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="F0444EFFFF88FFEBFE6774EDFD6EFC97" author="Angel, F." box="[497,644,763,789]" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" pagination="70 - 74" refId="ref15562" refString="Angel, F. (1930) Description de deux especes nouvelles de batraciens de Madagascar, appartenant au genre Pseudohemisus. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, Serie 2, 2, 70 - 74." type="journal article" year="1930">Angel, 1930</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="946A330EFF88FFEBFF017555FEAFFC03" blockId="17.[151,1437,835,2014]" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">
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<materialsCitation id="24BD3953FF88FFEBFF017555FEAFFC03" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3053023313" collectionCode="MNHN" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" specimenCode="MNHN 1929.237" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
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Name-bearing type:
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<typeStatus id="4B6E8DACFF88FFEBFEE87552FE04FCDC" box="[382,494,836,862]" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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by present designation,
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<specimenCode id="C4739B75FF88FFEBFC967552FC23FCDF" box="[768,969,835,862]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">MNHN 1929.237</specimenCode>
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, from “Ambongo” according to the original description.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DCCF6085FF88FFE8FF51759DFE42FF7B" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="410" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" type="description">
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<paragraph id="946A330EFF88FFEBFF51759DFECBFC48" blockId="17.[151,1437,835,2014]" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">
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<materialsCitation id="24BD3953FF88FFEBFF51759DFEF7FC48" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3053023319" collectionCode="MNHN" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" specimenCode="MNHN 1929.236" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
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The original
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<typeStatus id="4B6E8DACFF88FFEBFECE759AFE45FC24" box="[344,431,908,934]" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
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series included a second item,
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||
<specimenCode id="C4739B75FF88FFEBFC9B759AFC3CFC27" box="[781,982,907,934]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">MNHN 1929.236</specimenCode>
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, with probably non-conspecific tadpoles (see below)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="946A330EFF88FFEBFF5175C5FD88FAD7" blockId="17.[151,1437,835,2014]" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">
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The type locality of this nomen, Ambongo, is located in north-western
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<collectingCountry id="ECC2739EFF88FFEBFC6C75C5FB69FC6F" box="[1018,1155,979,1005]" name="Madagascar" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
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, not far from the karstic massif of the Tsingy de Bemaraha, according to Blommers-Schl̂sser & Blanc (1991). The nomen was originally based on two
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<typeStatus id="4B6E8DACFF88FFEBFEAA720AFE48FBB4" box="[316,418,1052,1078]" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
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. One of these, MNHN 1929.237, is a specimen in a moderately poor state of preservation that is probably an adult and is clearly assignable to the genus
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<taxonomicName id="53D5488DFF88FFEBFC367229FBA2FBDB" box="[928,1096,1087,1113]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Scaphiophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A6A1EF1CFF88FFEBFC367229FBA2FBDB" box="[928,1096,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">Scaphiophryne</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The second number, MNHN 1929.236, refers to a series of about eight tadpoles in poor state of preservation, conserved in the same jar as MNHN 1929.237. Most of these tadpoles, upon superficial examination, show distinct blackish jaw sheaths and some are large; consequently, by these characters and general appearance clearly do not correspond to tadpoles of the subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="53D5488DFF88FFEBFF5272D9FE9BFB6B" authorityName="Mocquard" authorityYear="1895" box="[196,369,1231,1257]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Pseudohemisus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A6A1EF1CFF88FFEBFF5272D9FE9BFB6B" box="[196,369,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">Pseudohemisus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<taxonomicName id="53D5488DFF88FFEBFE0472D9FCDFFB6B" authority="(Grosjean et al. 2007)" baseAuthorityName="Grosjean" baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[402,821,1231,1258]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Scaphiophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A6A1EF1CFF88FFEBFE0472D9FDD0FB6B" box="[402,570,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">Scaphiophryne</emphasis>
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||
(
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<bibRefCitation id="F0444EFFFF88FFEBFDD172D9FCC4FB6B" author="Grosjean, S. & Glos, J. & Teschke, M. & Glaw, F. & Vences, M." box="[583,814,1231,1258]" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" pagination="555 - 576" refId="ref16660" refString="Grosjean, S., Glos, J., Teschke, M., Glaw, F. & Vences, M. (2007) Comparative larval morphology of Madagascan toadlets of the genus Scaphiophryne: phylogenetic and taxonomic inferences. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 151, 555 - 576. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2007.00329. x" type="journal article" year="2007">
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Grosjean
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<emphasis id="A6A1EF1CFF88FFEBFD2272C6FD0EFB6B" box="[692,740,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">et al</emphasis>
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||
. 2007
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. For this reason, we hereby designate MNHN 1929.237 as
|
||
<typeStatus id="4B6E8DACFF88FFEBFF2172E5FEF4FA8F" box="[183,286,1267,1293]" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="53D5488DFF88FFEBFED072E5FCF9FA8F" authority="Angel, 1930" authorityName="Angel" authorityYear="1930" box="[326,787,1267,1293]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Pseudohemisus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longimanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A6A1EF1CFF88FFEBFED072E5FD94FA8F" box="[326,638,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">Pseudohemisus longimanus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F0444EFFFF88FFEBFD1372E5FCF9FA8F" author="Angel, F." box="[645,787,1267,1293]" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" pagination="70 - 74" refId="ref15562" refString="Angel, F. (1930) Description de deux especes nouvelles de batraciens de Madagascar, appartenant au genre Pseudohemisus. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, Serie 2, 2, 70 - 74." type="journal article" year="1930">Angel, 1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This stabilizes this nomen, in the event that future work on the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="53D5488DFF88FFEBFF737301FE86FAB3" baseAuthorityName="Mocquard" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[229,364,1303,1329]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Scaphiophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calcarata">
|
||
<emphasis id="A6A1EF1CFF88FFEBFF737301FE86FAB3" box="[229,364,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">S. calcarata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex reveals the existence of further species in addition to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="53D5488DFF88FFEBFBA07301FB54FAB3" baseAuthorityName="Mocquard" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[1078,1214,1303,1329]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Scaphiophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calcarata">
|
||
<emphasis id="A6A1EF1CFF88FFEBFBA07301FB54FAB3" box="[1078,1214,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">S. calcarata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="53D5488DFF88FFEBFB607301FA87FAB3" baseAuthorityName="Grandidier" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[1270,1389,1303,1329]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Scaphiophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obscura">
|
||
<emphasis id="A6A1EF1CFF88FFEBFB607301FA87FAB3" box="[1270,1389,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">S. obscura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, for which this nomen may then be available.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="946A330EFF88FFEBFF517349FF1BF9AF" blockId="17.[151,1437,835,2014]" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<emphasis id="A6A1EF1CFF88FFEBFF517349FE8BFAFB" bold="true" box="[199,353,1375,1401]" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">Morphology.</emphasis>
|
||
For measurements of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="4B6E8DACFF88FFEBFD177349FD01FAFB" box="[641,747,1375,1401]" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, see
|
||
<tableCitation id="D95706B5FF88FFEBFC897349FC98FAFB" box="[799,882,1375,1401]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="20.[151,239,461,487]" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometric measurements (all in mm) of name bearing types and other specimens of Scaphiophryne brevis, S. calcarata and S. obscura. For abbreviations of morphometric measurements and collection acronyms, see Materials and Methods. RHL (relative hindlimb length) indicates the point reached by the tibiotarsal articulation when hindlimb is adpressed along body: 1, forelimb; 2, between forelimb and tympanum; 3, tympanum; 4, eye. Additional abbreviations: nm, not measured; na, not applicable; M, male; F, female; J, juvenile; LT, lectotype; PLT, paralectotype; ST, syntype; HT, holotype. Nomina are abbreviated as follows: Cb, Calophrynus brevis; Cc, Calophrynus calcaratus; Ho, Hemisus obscurus; Pg, Pseudohemisus granulosus; Pl, Pseudohemisus longimanus; Plm; Pseudohemisus longimanus var. melanopleura; Pv, Pseudohemisus verrucosus." pageId="17" pageNumber="409">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
. The tarsal tubercle and enlarged inner metatarsal tubercle are clearly visible (
|
||
<figureCitation id="0CEE2F8BFF88FFEBFE457395FDF2FA1F" box="[467,536,1411,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[273,1323,191,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-19@15.[259,1329,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 9. Photographs of the details of morphology of type specimens of the nomina in the genus Scaphiophryne (subgenus Pseudohemisus) except the holotype of S. brevis, showing feet (left column) and hands (middle column) in ventral view, and the head (right column) in lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574893/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
). Subarticular tubercles are difficult to recognize, but are not fully flattened (as remarked in the original description). On the left side of the body, a dark stripe runs from the eye backwards for a few millimeters, reminiscent of the dorsolateral fold typical for the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="53D5488DFF88FFEBFC1573DDFBE0FA67" baseAuthorityName="Mocquard" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[899,1034,1483,1509]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Scaphiophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calcarata">
|
||
<emphasis id="A6A1EF1CFF88FFEBFC1573DDFBE0FA67" box="[899,1034,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">S. calcarata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex. Osteological examination revealed close resemblance to the other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="53D5488DFF88FFEBFDF173F9FCFEF98B" authorityName="Mocquard" authorityYear="1895" box="[615,788,1519,1545]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Pseudohemisus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A6A1EF1CFF88FFEBFDF173F9FCFEF98B" box="[615,788,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">Pseudohemisus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens examined here (
|
||
<figureCitation id="0CEE2F8BFF88FFEBFBC373F9FB40F98B" box="[1109,1194,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[155,1425,1213,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-393@19.[151,1436,1209,1909]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 10. Micro-CT scans of the name-bearing type specimens of nomina in the subgenus Scaphiophryne (Pseudohemisus) except the holotype of S. brevis: skulls in dorsal, ventral and lateral views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574895/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
, Supplementary
|
||
<figureCitation id="0CEE2F8BFF88FFEBFAFA73F9FF3CF9AF" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1887,1911]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,181,1863]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[151,1436,181,1863]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Haplotype networks based on DNA sequences of two nuclear genes, POMC (310 bp) and RAG-1 (788 bp) for species of Scaphiophryne and Paradoxophyla. Small black circles represent additional mutational steps between identified haplotypes. Colors of taxa correspond to those in Fig. 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574875/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">Figs S2–S</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="0CEE2F8BFF88FFEBFF417005FF0EF9AF" box="[215,228,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1854,1878]" captionTargetBox="[174,1405,181,1831]" captionTargetId="figure-17@8.[174,1413,181,1831]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Individuals in life of the three species of Scaphiophryne in the subgenus Pseudohemisus according to the classification proposed in the present paper: Scaphiophryne brevis from Ifaty (A–E), Kirindy (F–G) and Isalo (H); S. calcarata from Pic St. Louis near Tolagnaro (I–K), Ambalavao (L), Isalo (Ilakaka) (M–N), Sakaviro (O) and near Anja (P); S. obscura from Isalo (Q), Kirindy (R–V), Ankarafantsika (W), and Bongolava Plateau (X). Photos by F. Glaw, J. Lobon-Rovira, A. Miralles, G. M. Rosa, and M. Vences." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4574877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4574877/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="946A330EFF88FFEBFF517021FE57F817" blockId="17.[151,1437,835,2014]" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<emphasis id="A6A1EF1CFF88FFEBFF517021FEB0F9D3" bold="true" box="[199,346,1591,1617]" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">Assignment.</emphasis>
|
||
This taxon was considered to be a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="53D5488DFF88FFEBFC187021FBF2F9D3" baseAuthorityName="Mocquard" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[910,1048,1591,1617]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Scaphiophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calcarata">
|
||
<emphasis id="A6A1EF1CFF88FFEBFC187021FBF2F9D3" box="[910,1048,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">S. calcarata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F0444EFFFF88FFEBFBDF7021FB08F9D3" author="Guibe, J." box="[1097,1250,1591,1617]" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" pagination="1 - 140" refId="ref16810" refString="Guibe, J. (1978) Les batraciens de Madagascar. Bonner zoologische Monographien, 11, 1 - 140." type="journal article" year="1978">Guibé (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and Blommers-Schl̂sser & Blanc (1991). However, it is important to mention that due to the somewhat elongated head with a distinct neck, indistinct subarticular tubercles, and very large inner metatarsal tubercle, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="4B6E8DACFF88FFEBFB3E7069FAE5F91B" box="[1192,1295,1663,1689]" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen is also reminiscent of
|
||
<emphasis id="A6A1EF1CFF88FFEBFEF970B5FE3EF93F" box="[367,468,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="53D5488DFF88FFEBFEF970B5FE3AF93F" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[367,464,1699,1725]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Scaphiophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevis">S. brevis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="53D5488DFF88FFEBFDDE70B5FD4CF93F" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[584,678,1699,1725]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Scaphiophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A6A1EF1CFF88FFEBFDDE70B5FD4CF93F" box="[584,678,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">S. brevis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also show a thin dorsolateral line or dorsolateral ridge in the anterior part of the body (as recognizable in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="53D5488DFF88FFEBFDCB70D1FD0AF963" authorityName="Angel" authorityYear="1930" box="[605,736,1735,1761]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Pseudohemisus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longimanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A6A1EF1CFF88FFEBFDCB70D1FD0AF963" box="[605,736,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">longimanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<typeStatus id="4B6E8DACFF88FFEBFD7E70D1FCBEF960" box="[744,852,1735,1762]" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
). According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F0444EFFFF88FFEBFB9770D1FB1EF963" author="Raselimanana, A. P." box="[1025,1268,1735,1761]" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" pagination="46 - 75" refId="ref18188" refString="Raselimanana, A. P. (2008) Herpetofaune des forets seches malgaches. Malagasy Nature, 1, 46 - 75." type="journal article" year="2008">Raselimanana (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="53D5488DFF88FFEBFA9670D1FA8AF963" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[1280,1376,1735,1761]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Scaphiophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A6A1EF1CFF88FFEBFA9670D1FA8AF963" box="[1280,1376,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">S. brevis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does occur in the Tsingy de Bemaraha area (along with populations of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="53D5488DFF88FFEBFC0F70FDFBF5F887" baseAuthorityName="Mocquard" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[921,1055,1771,1797]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Scaphiophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calcarata">
|
||
<emphasis id="A6A1EF1CFF88FFEBFC0F70FDFBF5F887" box="[921,1055,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">S. calcarata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex). Based on its locality, it therefore cannot be ruled out that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="53D5488DFF88FFEBFD837119FD72F8AB" authorityName="Angel" authorityYear="1930" box="[533,664,1807,1833]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Pseudohemisus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longimanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A6A1EF1CFF88FFEBFD837119FD72F8AB" box="[533,664,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">longimanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="53D5488DFF88FFEBFC327119FBEEF8AB" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[932,1028,1807,1833]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Scaphiophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A6A1EF1CFF88FFEBFC327119FBEEF8AB" box="[932,1028,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">S. brevis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, considering the probable presence of a dorsolateral fold, we here follow
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F0444EFFFF88FFEBFD337125FCD0F8CF" author="Guibe, J." box="[677,826,1843,1869]" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" pagination="1 - 140" refId="ref16810" refString="Guibe, J. (1978) Les batraciens de Madagascar. Bonner zoologische Monographien, 11, 1 - 140." type="journal article" year="1978">Guibé (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and Blommers-Schl̂sser & Blanc (1991) in assigning the nomen to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="53D5488DFF88FFEBFECE7141FE35F8F3" baseAuthorityName="Mocquard" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[344,479,1879,1905]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Scaphiophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calcarata">
|
||
<emphasis id="A6A1EF1CFF88FFEBFECE7141FE35F8F3" box="[344,479,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">S. calcarata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex. Micro-CT scans of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="53D5488DFF88FFEBFCBB7141FC66F8F3" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[813,908,1879,1905]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Scaphiophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A6A1EF1CFF88FFEBFCBB7141FC66F8F3" box="[813,908,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">S. brevis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which were not produced for this study, might help to clarify this further.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="946A330EFF88FFE8FF5171B6FE42FF7B" blockId="17.[151,1437,835,2014]" lastBlockId="18.[151,1436,151,249]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="410" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">
|
||
No recently collected material and no DNA sequences of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="53D5488DFF88FFEBFC167189FBE2F83B" baseAuthorityName="Mocquard" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[896,1032,1951,1977]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Scaphiophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="409" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calcarata">
|
||
<emphasis id="A6A1EF1CFF88FFEBFC167189FBE2F83B" box="[896,1032,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="409">S. calcarata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex are available from the Tsingy de Bemaraha area, which is located geographically between the known distribution areas of the western and the north-western lineages of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="53D5488DFF8BFFE8FE757681FDB3FF33" baseAuthorityName="Grandidier" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[483,601,151,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Scaphiophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="410" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obscura">
|
||
<emphasis id="A6A1EF1CFF8BFFE8FE757681FDB3FF33" box="[483,601,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="410">S. obscura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. While the data are insufficient to assign the nomen to either of these deep conspecific lineages, based on geography we assign
|
||
<taxonomicName id="53D5488DFF8BFFE8FD7576ADFB43FF57" authority="Angel, 1930" authorityName="Angel" authorityYear="1930" box="[739,1193,187,213]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Pseudohemisus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="410" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longimanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A6A1EF1CFF8BFFE8FD7576ADFBF0FF57" box="[739,1050,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="410">Pseudohemisus longimanus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F0444EFFFF8BFFE8FB8976ADFB43FF57" author="Angel, F." box="[1055,1193,187,213]" pageId="18" pageNumber="410" pagination="70 - 74" refId="ref15562" refString="Angel, F. (1930) Description de deux especes nouvelles de batraciens de Madagascar, appartenant au genre Pseudohemisus. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, Serie 2, 2, 70 - 74." type="journal article" year="1930">Angel, 1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as junior synonym to
|
||
<emphasis id="A6A1EF1CFF8BFFE8FF0176C9FE42FF7B" box="[151,424,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="410">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="53D5488DFF8BFFE8FF0176C9FE4EFF7B" baseAuthorityName="Grandidier" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[151,420,223,249]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Scaphiophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="410" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obscura">Scaphiophryne obscura</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |