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<mods:namePart>Matalin, Andrey V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Moscow State Pedagogical University, Department of Zoology &amp; Ecology, Kibalchicha str. 6, build. 3, Moscow 129164, Russia. andrei-matalin @ yandex. ru; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7790 - 8709 &amp; Pirogov National Research Medical University, Department of Biology, Ostrovitianova str. 1, Moscow 117997, Russia.</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="8LNYS" authority="Mandl, 1954" authorityName="Mandl" authorityYear="1954" box="[151,553,834,861]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Therates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="vitalisi" subSpecies="ida">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,389,834,861]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Therates vitalisi ida</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Mandl, K." box="[396,553,834,861]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="157 - 161" refId="ref26194" refString="Mandl, K. (1954) Zur Kenntnis der Cicindeliden (Col.) Sud-Chinas. Bonner Zoologische Beitrage, 5, 157 - 161." type="journal article" year="1954">Mandl, 1954</bibRefCitation>
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<figureCitation box="[151,279,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–28" captionStartId="9.[152,270,1641,1665]" captionTargetBox="[156,1418,712,1612]" captionTargetId="figure-217@9.[151,1435,709,1617]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 15–28. Therates spp., habitus: 15–18—T. vitalisi vitalisi (15, 16—Vietnam, Lao Cai; 17—Vietnam, Fan Si Pan Mnt; 18—Vietnam, Sa Pa); 19–21—T. vitalisi ida (China, Kuatun); 22–24—T. biserratus (22, 23—China, Yinjiang County; 24—China, Fanjing Shan-Kuaichang); 25—T. hunnanensis sp. n. (China, Shunhuangshan); 26–28—T. sauteri (26, 27—China, Tiawan, Taihorin; 28—China, Taiwan, Ilan Hsien); 17–20, 24–28—males; 15, 16, 21–23 —females; 15, 16, 19, 20, 25— holotypes; 22, 23—paratype; 26, 27—lectotype; 15, 17–19, 21, 22, 24–26, 28—habitus; 16, 20, 23, 27—type labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7758876" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7758876/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Figs 19–21</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation box="[290,320,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURES 29–49" captionStartId="11.[152,270,1754,1778]" captionTargetBox="[250,1341,191,1691]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[240,1347,181,1730]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 29–49. Therates spp., left antennomeres 6–11: 29–32—T. fruhstorferi fruhstorferi (29, 30 – Vietnam, Na Hang; 31, 32 – Laos, Ban Nape); 33, 34—T. fruhstorferi australis ssp. n. (33—Vietnam, Kon Ka Kinh N.P.; 34—Vietnam, Pak Khe River); 35—T. ziyardamensis sp. n. (Myanmar, Zi Yar Dam); 36, 37—T. pseudovitalisi pseudovitalisi ssp. n. (36—Laos, Ban Song Cha; 37—Laos, Ban Bun Neua); 38, 39—T. pseudovitalisi tibetana ssp. nov. (China, Xia-Cha-Yu); 40, 41—T. motoensis (China, Hanmi); 42, 43—T. hunnanensis sp. n. (China, Shunhuangshan); 44—T. biserratus (China, Fanjing Shan-Kuaichang); 45, 46—T. vitalisi vitalisi (Vietnam, Xuan Son N.P.); 47—T. vitalisi ida (China, Fukien); 48, 49—T. sauteri (48—China, Taiwan, Taipei Hsien; 49—China, Taiwan, Ilan Hsien); 30, 32, 34, 35, 37, 39, 41, 43, 44, 46, 49—males; 29, 31, 33, 36, 38, 40, 42, 45, 47, 48—females; 33, 35, 37, 39, 41—holotypes; 34, 36, 38, 42—paratypes. Without scales." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7758880" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7758880/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">47</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation box="[332,405,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURES 65–72" captionStartId="17.[152,270,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[283,1300,190,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-17@17.[267,1320,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 65–72. Therates vitalisi ssp. labrum: 65–70—T. vitalisi vitalisi (65, 67—Vietnam, Sa Pa; 66—Vietnam, Lao Cai; 68—Laos, 15 km NW of Louang Namtha; 69—Vietnam, Pu Hoat N.P.; 70—Vietnam, Xuan Lien N.P.); 71, 72—T. vitalisi ida (China, Fukien); 65, 69–71—males; 66–68, 72—females; 66, 71—holotypes; 72 – paratype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7758888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7758888/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">71, 72</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation box="[416,516,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURES 99–114" captionStartId="21.[152,273,1418,1442]" captionTargetBox="[155,1421,210,1377]" captionTargetId="figure-17@21.[151,1435,181,1394]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 99–114. Therates spp., left elytron: 99–102—T. vitalisi vitalisi (99 —Vietnam, Lao Cai; 100, 101—Vietnam, Sa Pa; 102—Laos, 15 km NW Louang Namtha); 103, 104—T. vitalisi ida (China, Kuatun); 105, 106—T. biserratus (105— China, Yinjiang County; 106—China, Fanjing Shan-Kuaichang); 107, 108—T. hunnanensis sp. n. (China, Shunhuangshan); 109–114—T. sauteri (109, 110, 112, 113—China, Taiwan, Taihorin; 111—China, Taiwan, Ilan Hsien; 114—China, Taiwan, Taipei Hsien); 100, 103, 106, 107, 109–111—males; 99, 101, 102, 104, 105, 108, 112–114—females; 99, 103, 107— holotypes; 105, 108—paratypes; 109, 110, 112, 113—paralectotypes" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7758896" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7758896/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">103, 104</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation box="[528,573,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURES 152–174" captionStartId="24.[152,270,1210,1234]" captionTargetBox="[163,1428,181,1165]" captionTargetId="figure-28@24.[151,1435,181,1186]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 152–174. Therates spp., aedeagus: 152–166—T. vitalisi vitalisi (152, 153—Vietnam, Xuan Son N.P.; 154— Vietnam, Sa Pa; 155, 156—Laos, Ban Nape—Kaev Nua pass; 157–163—Laos, 15–20 km NW Louang Namtha; 164, 165— Laos, 8 km NE Ban Nape; 166—Laos, Thong Khan); 167—T. vitalisi ida (China, Kuatun); 168—T. biserratus (China, Fanjing Shan-Kuaichang); 169–171—T. hunnanensis sp. n. (China, Shunhuangshan); 172—T. motoensis (China, Hanmi); 173, 174—T. sauteri (173—China, Taiwan, Taihorin; 174—China, Taiwan, Ilan Hsien); 167, 169—holotypes; 170, 171—paratypes; 173— lectotype; 152—dorsal view; 153–174—left lateral view; ac—apical carinae; sp—spring; fl—flagellum. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7758906" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7758906/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">167</figureCitation>
.
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<emphasis box="[151,428,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Therates fruhstorferi ida</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Mandl, K." box="[435,635,906,933]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="157 - 161" refId="ref26194" refString="Mandl, K. (1954) Zur Kenntnis der Cicindeliden (Col.) Sud-Chinas. Bonner Zoologische Beitrage, 5, 157 - 161." type="journal article" year="1954">Mandl, 1954: 159</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis box="[151,401,975,999]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Therates fruhstorferi ida</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Mandl, K." box="[408,536,975,999]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="157 - 161" refId="ref26194" refString="Mandl, K. (1954) Zur Kenntnis der Cicindeliden (Col.) Sud-Chinas. Bonner Zoologische Beitrage, 5, 157 - 161." type="journal article" year="1954">Mandl, 1954</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation author="Mandl, K." box="[562,740,975,999]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="334 - 340" refId="ref26221" refString="Mandl, K. (1955) Zur Kenntnis der Cicindeliden (Col.) Sud-Chinas (III Teil). Entomologische Arbeiten aus dem Museum G. Frey Tutzing bei Munchen, 6, 334 - 340." type="journal article" year="1955">Mandl 1955: 335</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation author="Cassola, F." box="[751,941,975,999]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="499 - 514" refId="ref25207" refString="Cassola, F. (1985) &quot; Memoire sur l'Eurychile &quot; di Franco Andrea Bonelli e attuali conoscere sul genre Therates Latreille (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae). Bollettino del Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino, 3 (2), 499 - 514." type="journal article" year="1985">Cassola 1985: 510</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation author="Hua, L. - Z." box="[951,1079,975,999]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" refId="ref25990" refString="Hua, L. - Z. (2002) List of Chinese Insects. Volume II. Zhongshau (Sun Yat - sen) University Press - Huayu Nature Book Trade Co. Ltd, Guangzhou China, 612 pp." type="book" year="2002">Hua 2002: 5</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="8MKSW" authority="W. Horn, 1913" authorityName="W. Horn" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,598,1006,1030]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Therates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="fruhstorferi" subSpecies="vitalisi">
<emphasis box="[151,442,1006,1030]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Therates fruhstorferi vitalisi</emphasis>
W. 
<bibRefCitation author="Horn, W." box="[485,598,1006,1030]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="362 - 366" refId="ref25772" refString="Horn, W. (1913) Materiaux pour servir a l'etude de la faune entomologique de l'Indochine. Cicindelinae. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 57, 362 - 366. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 4597" type="journal article" year="1913">Horn, 1913</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation author="Wiesner, J." box="[625,812,1006,1030]" page="40" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" year="1988">
<bibRefCitation author="Wiesner, J." box="[625,812,1006,1030]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="5 - 107" refId="ref27536" refString="Wiesner, J. (1988) Die Gattung Therates Latr. und ihre Arten. 15. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Cicindelidae (Coleoptera). Mitteilungen der Munchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 78, 5 - 107." type="journal article" year="1988">Wiesner 1988: 40</bibRefCitation>
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, 
<treatmentCitation author="Wiesner, J." box="[824,918,1006,1030]" page="92" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" year="1992">
<bibRefCitation author="Wiesner, J." box="[824,918,1006,1030]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" refId="ref27575" refString="Wiesner, J. (1992) Verzeichnis der Sandlaufkafer der Welt, Checklist of the Tiger Beetles of the World. Vol. 27. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Cicindelidae. Verlag Erna Bauer, Keltern, 364 pp." type="book" year="1992">1992: 92</bibRefCitation>
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; 
<treatmentCitation author="Lorenz, W." box="[930,1103,1006,1030]" page="38" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" year="1998">
<bibRefCitation author="Lorenz, W." box="[930,1103,1006,1030]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" refId="ref26095" refString="Lorenz, W. (1998) Systematic list of extant ground beetles of the word (Insects Coleoptera &quot; Geadephaga &quot;: Trachypachidae and Carabidae incl. Paussinae, Cicindelinae, Rhysodinae). First Edition. Published by the author, Tutzing, Germany, 503 pp." type="book" year="1998">Lorenz 1998: 38</bibRefCitation>
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, 
<treatmentCitation author="Lorenz, W." box="[1115,1221,1006,1030]" page="117" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" year="2005">
<bibRefCitation author="Lorenz, W." box="[1115,1221,1006,1030]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" refId="ref26145" refString="Lorenz, W. (2005) Systematic list of extant ground beetles of the Word (Insecta Coleoptera &quot; Geadephaga &quot;: Trachypachidae and Carabidae incl. Paussinae, Cicindelinae, Rhysodinae). 2 nd Edition. Published by the author, Tutzing, 530 pp." type="book" year="2005">2005: 117</bibRefCitation>
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; 
<treatmentCitation author="Puchkov, A. V. &amp; Matalin, A. V." page="115" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" year="2003">
<bibRefCitation author="Puchkov, A. V. &amp; Matalin, A. V." pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="1802" refId="ref26492" refString="Puchkov, A. V. &amp; Matalin, A. V. (2003) Subfamily Cicindelinae Latreille, 1802. In: Lobl, I &amp; Smetana, A. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Vol. 1. Archostemata - Myxophaga - Adephaga. Appolo Book, Stenstrup, pp. 99 - 118." type="book chapter" year="2003">Puchkov &amp; Matalin 2003: 115</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis box="[151,315,1067,1091]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Therates vitalisi</emphasis>
W. 
<bibRefCitation author="Horn, W." box="[355,468,1067,1091]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="362 - 366" refId="ref25772" refString="Horn, W. (1913) Materiaux pour servir a l'etude de la faune entomologique de l'Indochine. Cicindelinae. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 57, 362 - 366. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 4597" type="journal article" year="1913">Horn, 1913</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation author="Wang, Y. - P." box="[494,665,1067,1091]" page="110" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" year="2009">
<bibRefCitation author="Wang, Y. - P." box="[494,665,1067,1091]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="110" refId="ref27425" refString="Wang, Y. - P. (2009) Cicindelidae. In: Wang, Y. - P. (Ed.), Insecta of Wuyanlin, Zhejiang and analysis of its forest health. Science Press, Beijing, p. 110. [in Chinese, with English summary]" type="book chapter" year="2009">Wang 2009: 110</bibRefCitation>
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; Putchkov &amp; Matalin 2017: 245; 
<treatmentCitation author="Wiesner, J." box="[1003,1185,1067,1091]" page="95" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" year="2020">
<bibRefCitation author="Wiesner, J." box="[1003,1185,1067,1091]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" refId="ref27678" refString="Wiesner, J. (2020) Checklist of the tiger beetles of the world. 2 nd Edition. Edition winterwork, Borsdorf, 540 pp." type="book" year="2020">Wiesner 2020: 95</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,324,1137,1163]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1938-05-30" collectingDateMax="1938-06-25" collectingDateMin="1938-05-30" collectionCode="MUSEUM, KOENIG, BONN, ZFMK" collectorName="Ing. K. Mandl &amp; Coll. Ing. K. Mandl" country="China" county="CoType" elevation="2300" latitude="27.4" location="Kuatun" longLatPrecision="742" longitude="-117.4" municipality="Fukien" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus box="[329,451,1137,1163]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
, Ô (by original designation)—“Kuatun (
<quantity box="[898,986,1137,1163]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" unit="m" value="2300.0">
<elevation box="[898,986,1137,1163]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" unit="m" value="2300.0">2300 m</elevation>
</quantity>
), 
<geoCoordinate box="[1005,1086,1137,1163]" degrees="27.40" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" precision="555" value="27.4">27.40n</geoCoordinate>
. Br., 
<geoCoordinate box="[1141,1235,1137,1163]" degrees="117.40" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" precision="555" value="-117.4">117.40ö</geoCoordinate>
. L., J. Klapperich, 
<date box="[151,264,1173,1200]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" value="1938-06-25">
<collectingDate box="[151,264,1173,1200]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" value="1938-06-25">25.6.1938</collectingDate>
</date>
(Fukien)” [printed violet label], “Type 
<taxonomicName authority=", Fruhstorferi, Ida" authorityName="Fruhstorferi, Ida" box="[706,1007,1173,1200]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Therates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[706,804,1173,1199]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Therates</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis box="[818,956,1173,1199]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Fruhstorferi</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis box="[970,1007,1173,1199]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Ida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
m, 
<collectorName box="[1051,1213,1173,1200]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Ing. K. Mandl</collectorName>
” [printed and handwritten red label], “ 
<typeStatus box="[359,480,1209,1235]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Holotypus</typeStatus>
” [printed red label], “ 
<taxonomicName authorityName="W. Horn" authorityYear="1902" box="[714,944,1209,1235]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Therates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fruhstorferi">
<emphasis box="[714,944,1209,1235]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Therates fruhstorferi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis box="[955,991,1209,1235]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">ida</emphasis>
Mandl” [typed white label], “ 
<collectionCode pageId="12" pageNumber="413">MUSEUM KOENIG</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode box="[274,356,1245,1271]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12704" name="University of Bonn" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" type="Herbarium">BONN</collectionCode>
” [printed orange label] (
<collectionCode box="[638,722,1245,1271]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" type="Museum">ZFMK</collectionCode>
). 
<typeStatus box="[743,860,1245,1271]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">PARATYPES</typeStatus>
: 
<specimenCount box="[876,899,1245,1271]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
—“ 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:050B87D78D4C2463E1B81A34FCAC74CC:887D601A8D4C2462E2811DABFBCA72F6" box="[942,1034,1245,1271]" country="China" county="CoType" latitude="27.4" longLatPrecision="742" longitude="-117.4" municipality="Fukien" name="Kuatun" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Kuatun</location>
(
<quantity box="[1050,1140,1245,1271]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" unit="m" value="2300.0">
<elevation box="[1050,1140,1245,1271]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" unit="m" value="2300.0">2300 m</elevation>
</quantity>
) 
<geoCoordinate box="[1157,1237,1245,1271]" degrees="27.40" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" precision="555" value="27.4">27.40n</geoCoordinate>
. Br., 
<geoCoordinate box="[1299,1392,1245,1271]" degrees="117.40" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" precision="555" value="-117.4">117.40ö</geoCoordinate>
. L., J. Klapperich, 
<date box="[320,431,1281,1308]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" value="1938-05-30">
<collectingDate box="[320,431,1281,1308]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" value="1938-05-30">30.5.1938</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectingMunicipality box="[449,532,1281,1307]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Fukien</collectingMunicipality>
)“ [printed violet label], “ 
<collectingCounty box="[821,912,1281,1307]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">CoType</collectingCounty>
<taxonomicName authority="Ida" authorityName="Ida" box="[922,1214,1281,1307]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Therates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fruhstorferi">
<emphasis box="[922,1214,1281,1307]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Therates Fruhstorferi Ida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
m., 
<collectorName box="[1270,1426,1281,1308]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Ing. K.Mandl</collectorName>
“ [printed and hand-written red label], “ 
<collectorName box="[582,811,1317,1344]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Coll. Ing. K. Mandl</collectorName>
” [printed light blue label]; 
<specimenCount box="[1121,1143,1317,1343]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
—“KUATUN, FUKIEN, 
<collectingCountry box="[151,221,1353,1379]" name="China" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">China</collectingCountry>
, 6.8.46, (TSCHUNG SEN.)” [printed and hand-written white label], “
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectorName="Ida &amp; Ing. K. Mandl &amp; Coll. Ing. K. Mandl" country="China" location="China" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus box="[1016,1124,1353,1379]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">ParaType</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName box="[1133,1377,1353,1379]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Therates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fruhstorferi">
<emphasis box="[1133,1377,1353,1379]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Therates Fruhstorferi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ssp. 
<emphasis box="[151,188,1389,1415]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">
<collectorName box="[151,188,1389,1415]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Ida</collectorName>
</emphasis>
m., 
<collectorName box="[239,394,1389,1416]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Ing. K.Mandl</collectorName>
“ [printed and hand-written red label], “ 
<collectorName box="[839,1066,1389,1416]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Coll. Ing. K. Mandl</collectorName>
” [printed light blue label]; 
<specimenCount box="[1373,1400,1389,1415]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
— “KUATUN, FUKIEN, 
<collectingCountry box="[419,489,1425,1451]" name="China" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">China</collectingCountry>
, 21.7.46, (TSCHUNG SEN.)” [printed and hand-written white label], “
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectionCode="NHMB" collectorName="Ida &amp; Ing. K. Mandl &amp; Coll. Ing. K. Mandl" country="China" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus box="[1328,1436,1425,1451]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">ParaType</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName authority=", Fruhstorferi" authorityName="Fruhstorferi" box="[151,404,1461,1488]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Therates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[151,249,1461,1487]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Therates</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis box="[266,404,1461,1487]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Fruhstorferi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ssp., 
<emphasis box="[474,511,1461,1487]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">
<collectorName box="[474,511,1461,1487]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Ida</collectorName>
</emphasis>
m., 
<collectorName box="[567,734,1461,1488]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Ing. K. Mandl</collectorName>
” [printed and hand-written red label], “ 
<collectorName box="[1193,1427,1461,1488]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Coll. Ing. K. Mandl</collectorName>
” [printed light blue label] (all 
<collectionCode box="[475,564,1497,1523]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1d5a-4efs" name="Natural History Museum Bucharest" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">NHMB</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="12.[151,1437,1137,2028]" box="[199,1338,1533,1559]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,420,1533,1559]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Addition material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation box="[427,1333,1533,1559]" collectingDate="1946-09-06" collectionCode="JW" collectorName="Klapperich" country="China" location="CHINA" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<collectingCountry box="[427,505,1533,1559]" name="China" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">CHINA</collectingCountry>
: 
<specimenCount box="[515,538,1533,1559]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
—Kuatun, Fukien /Tschung Sen/, 
<date box="[932,1076,1533,1559]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" value="1946-09-06">
<collectingDate box="[932,1076,1533,1559]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" value="1946-09-06">6 Sept. 1946</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll. 
<collectorName box="[1143,1267,1533,1559]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Klapperich</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode box="[1282,1325,1533,1559]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">JW</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="12.[151,1437,1137,2028]" box="[199,868,1569,1596]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,326,1569,1595]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Reference.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry box="[332,405,1569,1595]" name="China" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">CHINA</collectingCountry>
, 
<emphasis box="[419,585,1569,1595]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">
<collectingRegion box="[419,585,1569,1595]" country="China" name="Zhejiang" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Zhejiang Prov.</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Wuyanlin (
<bibRefCitation author="Wang, Y. - P." box="[722,857,1569,1595]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" pagination="110" refId="ref27425" refString="Wang, Y. - P. (2009) Cicindelidae. In: Wang, Y. - P. (Ed.), Insecta of Wuyanlin, Zhejiang and analysis of its forest health. Science Press, Beijing, p. 110. [in Chinese, with English summary]" type="book chapter" year="2009">Wang 2009</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="413" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="12.[151,1437,1137,2028]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,322,1605,1631]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
This subspecies is distinguished from the nominotypical subspecies by distinctly transverse labrum in male—LW/LL = 1.14 
<emphasis box="[426,456,1642,1667]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">vs.</emphasis>
LW/LL = 1.0–1.08 (
<figureCitation box="[684,763,1641,1667]" captionStart="FIGURES 65–72" captionStartId="17.[152,270,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[283,1300,190,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-17@17.[267,1320,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 65–72. Therates vitalisi ssp. labrum: 65–70—T. vitalisi vitalisi (65, 67—Vietnam, Sa Pa; 66—Vietnam, Lao Cai; 68—Laos, 15 km NW of Louang Namtha; 69—Vietnam, Pu Hoat N.P.; 70—Vietnam, Xuan Lien N.P.); 71, 72—T. vitalisi ida (China, Fukien); 65, 69–71—males; 66–68, 72—females; 66, 71—holotypes; 72 – paratype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7758888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7758888/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Fig. 71</figureCitation>
<emphasis box="[769,799,1642,1667]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">vs.</emphasis>
<figureCitation box="[805,968,1641,1668]" captionStart="FIGURES 65–72" captionStartId="17.[152,270,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[283,1300,190,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-17@17.[267,1320,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 65–72. Therates vitalisi ssp. labrum: 65–70—T. vitalisi vitalisi (65, 67—Vietnam, Sa Pa; 66—Vietnam, Lao Cai; 68—Laos, 15 km NW of Louang Namtha; 69—Vietnam, Pu Hoat N.P.; 70—Vietnam, Xuan Lien N.P.); 71, 72—T. vitalisi ida (China, Fukien); 65, 69–71—males; 66–68, 72—females; 66, 71—holotypes; 72 – paratype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7758888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7758888/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Fig. 65, 69, 70</figureCitation>
), less serrated antennomeres 9–10, as well as red-brown or brown fore- and middle femora.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="414" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="12.[151,1437,1137,2028]" box="[199,1239,1713,1740]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,373,1713,1739]" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">Redescription.</emphasis>
TL = 
<quantity box="[442,541,1713,1740]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.18" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" unit="mm" value="11.8">11.8 mm</quantity>
in male, 12.3–13.0 mm (mean = 
<quantity box="[914,1030,1713,1740]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.278" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" unit="mm" value="12.78">12.78 mm</quantity>
, n = 4) in females.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="12.[151,1437,1137,2028]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1437,151,717]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="414" pageId="12" pageNumber="413">
Head shining blue with violet reflection; orbital plates indistinctly striated in posterior third; frons smooth, slightly elevated, wide semi-circular (see above), practically vertical, slightly expanded forward (see at side), frontal sulci deep and poorly convergent in anterior 2/3, clearly divergent in posterior third; occiput slightly concave in anterior margin. Mandibles in male brown underside, yellow-brown topside with light-brown teeth and apical molar; in females black except yellow-brown basal third of topside. Labial palpi yellow-brownish, except brown apical palpomeres; palpomeres 1 and 2 of maxillary palpi light brown, palpomeres 3 and 4 dark brown. Antennae do not extend posteriorly to the shoulders, scape brown on anterior side and black on posterior side; antennomeres 2–5 black with indistinctly blue tinge and brown apices, antennomeres 9 and 
<quantity box="[1006,1062,2001,2027]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="12" pageNumber="413" unit="in" value="10.0">10 in</quantity>
male with serrated anterior lower margins; in female less delated with slightly protruding margins (
<figureCitation box="[874,957,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURES 29–49" captionStartId="11.[152,270,1754,1778]" captionTargetBox="[250,1341,191,1691]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[240,1347,181,1730]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 29–49. Therates spp., left antennomeres 6–11: 29–32—T. fruhstorferi fruhstorferi (29, 30 – Vietnam, Na Hang; 31, 32 – Laos, Ban Nape); 33, 34—T. fruhstorferi australis ssp. n. (33—Vietnam, Kon Ka Kinh N.P.; 34—Vietnam, Pak Khe River); 35—T. ziyardamensis sp. n. (Myanmar, Zi Yar Dam); 36, 37—T. pseudovitalisi pseudovitalisi ssp. n. (36—Laos, Ban Song Cha; 37—Laos, Ban Bun Neua); 38, 39—T. pseudovitalisi tibetana ssp. nov. (China, Xia-Cha-Yu); 40, 41—T. motoensis (China, Hanmi); 42, 43—T. hunnanensis sp. n. (China, Shunhuangshan); 44—T. biserratus (China, Fanjing Shan-Kuaichang); 45, 46—T. vitalisi vitalisi (Vietnam, Xuan Son N.P.); 47—T. vitalisi ida (China, Fukien); 48, 49—T. sauteri (48—China, Taiwan, Taipei Hsien; 49—China, Taiwan, Ilan Hsien); 30, 32, 34, 35, 37, 39, 41, 43, 44, 46, 49—males; 29, 31, 33, 36, 38, 40, 42, 45, 47, 48—females; 33, 35, 37, 39, 41—holotypes; 34, 36, 38, 42—paratypes. Without scales." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7758880" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7758880/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
). Labrum distinctly transverse in male(
<figureCitation captionStart="FIGURES 65–72" captionStartId="17.[152,270,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[283,1300,190,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-17@17.[267,1320,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 65–72. Therates vitalisi ssp. labrum: 65–70—T. vitalisi vitalisi (65, 67—Vietnam, Sa Pa; 66—Vietnam, Lao Cai; 68—Laos, 15 km NW of Louang Namtha; 69—Vietnam, Pu Hoat N.P.; 70—Vietnam, Xuan Lien N.P.); 71, 72—T. vitalisi ida (China, Fukien); 65, 69–71—males; 66–68, 72—females; 66, 71—holotypes; 72 – paratype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7758888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7758888/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Fig. 71</figureCitation>
), LW/LL = 1.14, indistinctly transverse in females (
<figureCitation box="[779,864,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 65–72" captionStartId="17.[152,270,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[283,1300,190,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-17@17.[267,1320,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 65–72. Therates vitalisi ssp. labrum: 65–70—T. vitalisi vitalisi (65, 67—Vietnam, Sa Pa; 66—Vietnam, Lao Cai; 68—Laos, 15 km NW of Louang Namtha; 69—Vietnam, Pu Hoat N.P.; 70—Vietnam, Xuan Lien N.P.); 71, 72—T. vitalisi ida (China, Fukien); 65, 69–71—males; 66–68, 72—females; 66, 71—holotypes; 72 – paratype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7758888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7758888/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Fig. 72</figureCitation>
), LW/LL = 1.0–1.07 (mean = 1.05, n = 4), blackbrownish with medium-sized or small apical yellow spot separated from central apical teeth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="13.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Pronotum shining blue with light violet tinge; indistinctly transverse, PW/PL = 1.0–1.07 (mean = 1.03, n = 5), apical lobe practically equal wide throughout; thorax shining blue with violet reflection.</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="13.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Fore and middle femora red-brown or brown with blue-tinged base and knees; hind femora black with blueviolet lustre except pale-yellow base; fore and middle tibiae red-brown; hind tibiae black or brown-black, all tibia with blue tinge; tarsi black with light blue tinge; HTbL/HTaL = 1.21–1.27 (mean = 1.24, n = 5).</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="13.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">
Elytra black-blue with purple reflection, practically sub-parallel, EL/EW = 1.98–2.1 (mean = 2.02, n = 5); punctuation in basal half except humeral area deep and regular, then shallow and sparse, apical quarter practically smooth; scutellum black with blue tinge; apical margin indistinctly cut. Elytral pattern presented by small basal portion of humeral lunule, small basal dot poorly visible in some specimens and elongated slightly oblique central dot (
<figureCitation box="[202,331,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–28" captionStartId="9.[152,270,1641,1665]" captionTargetBox="[156,1418,712,1612]" captionTargetId="figure-217@9.[151,1435,709,1617]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 15–28. Therates spp., habitus: 15–18—T. vitalisi vitalisi (15, 16—Vietnam, Lao Cai; 17—Vietnam, Fan Si Pan Mnt; 18—Vietnam, Sa Pa); 19–21—T. vitalisi ida (China, Kuatun); 22–24—T. biserratus (22, 23—China, Yinjiang County; 24—China, Fanjing Shan-Kuaichang); 25—T. hunnanensis sp. n. (China, Shunhuangshan); 26–28—T. sauteri (26, 27—China, Tiawan, Taihorin; 28—China, Taiwan, Ilan Hsien); 17–20, 24–28—males; 15, 16, 21–23 —females; 15, 16, 19, 20, 25— holotypes; 22, 23—paratype; 26, 27—lectotype; 15, 17–19, 21, 22, 24–26, 28—habitus; 16, 20, 23, 27—type labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7758876" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7758876/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Figs 19, 21</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation box="[343,445,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURES 99–114" captionStartId="21.[152,273,1418,1442]" captionTargetBox="[155,1421,210,1377]" captionTargetId="figure-17@21.[151,1435,181,1394]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 99–114. Therates spp., left elytron: 99–102—T. vitalisi vitalisi (99 —Vietnam, Lao Cai; 100, 101—Vietnam, Sa Pa; 102—Laos, 15 km NW Louang Namtha); 103, 104—T. vitalisi ida (China, Kuatun); 105, 106—T. biserratus (105— China, Yinjiang County; 106—China, Fanjing Shan-Kuaichang); 107, 108—T. hunnanensis sp. n. (China, Shunhuangshan); 109–114—T. sauteri (109, 110, 112, 113—China, Taiwan, Taihorin; 111—China, Taiwan, Ilan Hsien; 114—China, Taiwan, Taipei Hsien); 100, 103, 106, 107, 109–111—males; 99, 101, 102, 104, 105, 108, 112–114—females; 99, 103, 107— holotypes; 105, 108—paratypes; 109, 110, 112, 113—paralectotypes" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7758896" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7758896/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">103, 104</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="13.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">
Aedeagus with short sharply curved blunt apex and distinct lateral carinae (
<figureCitation box="[1082,1184,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURES 152–174" captionStartId="24.[152,270,1210,1234]" captionTargetBox="[163,1428,181,1165]" captionTargetId="figure-28@24.[151,1435,181,1186]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 152–174. Therates spp., aedeagus: 152–166—T. vitalisi vitalisi (152, 153—Vietnam, Xuan Son N.P.; 154— Vietnam, Sa Pa; 155, 156—Laos, Ban Nape—Kaev Nua pass; 157–163—Laos, 15–20 km NW Louang Namtha; 164, 165— Laos, 8 km NE Ban Nape; 166—Laos, Thong Khan); 167—T. vitalisi ida (China, Kuatun); 168—T. biserratus (China, Fanjing Shan-Kuaichang); 169–171—T. hunnanensis sp. n. (China, Shunhuangshan); 172—T. motoensis (China, Hanmi); 173, 174—T. sauteri (173—China, Taiwan, Taihorin; 174—China, Taiwan, Ilan Hsien); 167, 169—holotypes; 170, 171—paratypes; 173— lectotype; 152—dorsal view; 153–174—left lateral view; ac—apical carinae; sp—spring; fl—flagellum. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7758906" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7758906/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Fig. 167</figureCitation>
); AL = 2.9, EL/AL = 2.52.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[199,876,690,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="13.[151,1437,151,717]" box="[199,876,690,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,353,690,716]" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry box="[359,437,691,717]" name="China" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">CHINA</collectingCountry>
: 
<collectingRegion box="[447,522,691,717]" country="China" name="Fujian" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Fujian</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingRegion box="[533,633,691,717]" country="China" name="Zhejiang" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Zhejiang</collectingRegion>
Provinces (
<figureCitation box="[765,863,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 184" captionStartId="28.[152,270,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,597,1556]" captionTargetId="figure-226@28.[151,1435,597,1556]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 184. Distribution of Therates spp.: dark blue solid circle—T. vitalisi vitalisi; dark blue half-solid circle—T. vitalisi ida; lilac solid circle—T. hunnanensis sp. n.; orange solid circle—T. biserratus; pink solid circle—T. motoensis; red open circle—T. sauteri; red solid quadrat—T. fruhstorferi fruhstorferi; red half-solid quadrat—T. fruhstorferi australis ssp. n.; blue solid quadrat—T. ziyardamensis sp. n.; green solid quadrat—T. pseudovitalisi sp. n. (nominotypical subspecies); green halfsolid quadrat—T. pseudovitalisi tibetana ssp. n.; L in the symbols—according only to the literature sources. Map source— https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:East_Asia_topographic_map.png." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7758916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7758916/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="414">Fig. 184</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>