204 lines
22 KiB
XML
204 lines
22 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="016974AA441FBD777C6E9E1313613BCA">Black Corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the Southwestern Atlantic</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A386B2C0A786A97929B3A81611DCD86B">Lima, Manuela M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AB30C76FAF7F5EB09851CA1445375E39">Cordeiro, Ralf T. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="60308CC01BDA7E9C3B51631ECDAF72F7">Perez, Carlos D.</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC93DFFB7F9EBFEA9FDEEF390" blockId="46.[151,631,368,431]" box="[151,631,368,395]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC93DFFB7F9EBFEA9FDEEF390" ID-CoL="65XR3" ID-ENA="1350340" authority="(Brook, 1889)" baseAuthorityName="Brook" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[151,631,368,395]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Alternatipathes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alternata">
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<emphasis id="B952EA8FC93DFFB7F9EBFEA9FE5CF391" bold="true" box="[151,453,368,395]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Alternatipathes alternata</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC93DFFB7F8A9FEA9FDF6F390" author="Brook" box="[469,623,368,394]" firstAuthor="Brook" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref46539" refString="Brook, G. (1889) Report on the Antipatharia collected by HMS Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Zoology, 32, 1." type="journal volume" year="1889">Brook, 1889</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC93DFFB7F9EBFE4DFF7EF3B5" blockId="46.[151,631,368,431]" box="[151,231,404,431]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<figureCitation id="131D2A18C93DFFB7F9EBFE4DFF7EF3B5" box="[151,231,404,431]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="60.[151,250,1966,1991]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,995,1895]" captionTargetId="figure@60.[151,1436,995,1903]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURE 35. Geographic distribution of antipatharians species occurring in the Southwestern Atlantic not analyzed in the present work." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3529016" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3529016/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
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<subSubSection id="C33C6516C93DFFB7F9EBFE00FD21F090" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC93DFFB7F9EBFE00FC5DF3EB" blockId="46.[151,1436,472,650]" box="[151,964,472,497]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC93DFFB7F9EBFE00FDABF3EB" ID-CoL="KXGB" authority="Brook, 1889: 153" authorityName="Brook" authorityPageNumber="153" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,562,472,497]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Bathypathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alternata">
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<emphasis id="B952EA8FC93DFFB7F9EBFE00FEE1F3EB" box="[151,376,473,497]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Bathypathes alternata</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A87108CC93DFFB7F802FE01FDABF3EB" author="Brook, G." box="[382,562,472,497]" page="153" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" year="1889">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC93DFFB7F802FE01FDABF3EB" author="Brook" box="[382,562,472,497]" firstAuthor="Brook" page="153" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref46539" refString="Brook, G. (1889) Report on the Antipatharia collected by HMS Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Zoology, 32, 1." type="journal volume" year="1889">Brook, 1889: 153</bibRefCitation>
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, 180, 186, pl. 9; Cairns
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<emphasis id="B952EA8FC93DFFB7FA59FE03FCC1F3EB" box="[805,856,473,497]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2009: 94;
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC93DFFB7F9EBFE21FEC2F034" blockId="46.[151,1436,472,650]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3611B3C93DFFB7F9EBFE21FEC2F034" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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Non
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC93DFFB7F9B5FE2EFD1BF015" ID-CoL="KXGB" authority=", Opresko, 1974: 127" authorityName="Opresko" authorityPageNumber="127" authorityYear="1974" box="[201,642,503,528]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Bathypathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alternata">
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<emphasis id="B952EA8FC93DFFB7F9B5FE2EFE33F015" box="[201,426,503,527]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Bathypathes alternata</emphasis>
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,
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<treatmentCitation id="0A87108CC93DFFB7F8CBFE2EFD1BF015" author="Opresko, D. M." box="[439,642,503,528]" page="127" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" year="1974">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC93DFFB7F8CBFE2EFD1BF015" author="Opresko" box="[439,642,503,528]" firstAuthor="Opresko" page="127" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref48640" refString="Opresko, D. M. (1974) A study of the classification of the Antipatharia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa), with redescriptions of eleven species. Doctor of Philosophy dissertation, University of Miami, Miami, 149 pp." type="book" year="1974">Opresko, 1974: 127</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A87108CC93DFFB7FBF1FE21FC11F00A" author="Wagner, D." box="[653,904,503,528]" page="215" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" year="2011">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC93DFFB7FBF1FE21FC11F00A" author="Wagner" box="[653,904,503,528]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wagner" page="215" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref50224" refString="Wagner, D. (2011) The biology and ecology of Hawaiian black corals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia: Antipatharia). Unpublished Ph. D. thesis, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, 167 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / B 978 - 0 - 12 - 394282 - 1.00002 - 8" type="book" year="2011">
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Wagner
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC93DFFB7FB9DFE21FC8CF015" box="[737,789,503,527]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2011: 215
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</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 218–219, fig. 1;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A87108CC93DFFB7FD47FE21FAB2F015" author="Wagner, D. & Luck, D. G. & Toonen, R. J." box="[1083,1323,503,528]" page="84" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" year="2012">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC93DFFB7FD47FE21FAB2F015" author="Wagner" box="[1083,1323,503,528]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wagner" page="84" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="67 - 132" refId="ref50336" refString="Wagner, D., Luck, D. G. & Toonen, R. J. (2012) The biology and ecology of black corals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia: Antipatharia). Advances in marine biology, 63, 67 - 132. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / B 978 - 0 - 12 - 394282 - 1.00002 - 8" type="journal article" year="2012">
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||
Wagner
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC93DFFB7FDF3FE21FB5AF015" box="[1167,1219,503,527]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2012: 84
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</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A87108CC93DFFB7FC4AFE2EFECEF034" author="Brugler, M. R. & Opresko, D. M. & France, S. C." page="343" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" year="2013">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC93DFFB7FC4AFE2EFECEF034" author="Brugler" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Brugler" page="343" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="312 - 361" refId="ref46567" refString="Brugler, M. R., Opresko, D. M. & France, S. C. (2013) The evolutionary history of the order Antipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia) as inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA: implications for black coral taxonomy and systematics. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 169 (2), 312 - 361. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12060" type="journal article" year="2013">
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Brugler
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||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC93DFFB7FCF6FE21FF7BF034" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2013: 343
|
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</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC93DFFB7F9EBFDECFE5DF076" blockId="46.[151,1436,472,650]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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p.p.
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC93DFFB7F9B4FDECFD19F057" ID-CoL="KXGL" authority=", Pasternak, 1958: 181" authorityName=", Pasternak" authorityPageNumber="181" authorityYear="1958" box="[200,640,564,589]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Bathypathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="patula">
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<emphasis id="B952EA8FC93DFFB7F9B4FDECFE08F057" box="[200,401,565,589]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Bathypathes patula</emphasis>
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||
, Pasternak, 1958: 181
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||
</taxonomicName>
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–187; Pasternak 1964: 201; Pasternak, 1976: 47; Pasternak, 197: 157–159; Vinogradova, 1977: 362.
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99369DC93DFFB7F9EBFDAAFD21F090" blockId="46.[151,1436,472,650]" box="[151,696,625,650]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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Non
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC93DFFB7F9B5FDABFDE3F090" ID-CoL="KXGL" authority="Brook, 1889: 151 - 152" authorityName="Brook" authorityPageNumber="151" authorityYear="1889" box="[201,634,625,650]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Bathypathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="patula">
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<emphasis id="B952EA8FC93DFFB7F9B5FDABFE17F090" box="[201,398,626,650]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Bathypathes patula</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC93DFFB7F8E8FDA8FDE3F090" author="Brook" box="[404,634,625,650]" firstAuthor="Brook" page="151 - 152" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref46539" refString="Brook, G. (1889) Report on the Antipatharia collected by HMS Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Zoology, 32, 1." type="journal volume" year="1889">Brook, 1889: 151–152</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
, pl. 5.
|
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B952EA8FC93DFFB7F9EBFD60FE3DF0C9" bold="true" box="[151,420,696,723]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Type and type locality.</emphasis>
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<specimenCode id="DB809EE6C93DFFB7F8D7FD60FDCFF0C9" box="[427,598,697,723]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">BMNH 1890.4</specimenCode>
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.9.21 (
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):
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,
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, Pacific,
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.
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<subSubSection id="C33C6516C93DFFB7F9BBFD05FAA9F1E9" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="diagnosis">
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|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC93DFFB7F9BBFD05FEDBF0ED" bold="true" box="[199,322,732,759]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
“Corallum monopodial, unbranched, pinnulate; pinnules bilateral and alternately arranged, and decreasing in length from the lower part of pinnulated stalk to upper part. Lower unpinnulated part of stem relatively short,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C93DFFB7F9A2FCFDFEAAF125" box="[222,307,804,831]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="cm" value="7.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="6.0">6–9 cm</quantity>
|
||
long. Maximum size of corallum usually less than
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C93DFFB7FA07FCFCFC5CF125" box="[891,965,805,831]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
|
||
. Stem curved in abpolypar direction such that the pinnulated section is directed almost horizontally relative to substrate. Pinnules recurved downward, toward abpolypar side of colony, so that the pinnulated part of fully developed colonies forms a characteristic “wind sock” with distal ends of pinnules touching the seafloor. Longest pinnules about
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C93DFFB7FAACFC48FBA6F1B1" box="[976,1087,913,939]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="cm" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">10–12 cm</quantity>
|
||
in length in colonies
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C93DFFB7FC52FC48FA05F1B1" box="[1326,1436,913,939]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="cm" value="25.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="20.0">20–30 cm</quantity>
|
||
tall. Ten to eleven pinnules (total) per
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C93DFFB7FB36FC6CFD1FF1D5" box="[586,646,949,975]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
|
||
; density increasing on distal part of colony. Polypar spines up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C93DFFB7FC17FC6DFF5CF1E9" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="0.06">0.06 mm</quantity>
|
||
, abpolypar spines
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C93DFFB7F8E9FC00FE65F1E9" box="[405,508,985,1011]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="0.03">0.03 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Polyps
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C93DFFB7FB26FC00FD2EF1E9" box="[602,695,985,1011]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
|
||
in transverse diameter” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC93DFFB7FAB3FC01FABCF1E9" author="Molodtsova & Opresko" box="[975,1317,984,1011]" firstAuthor="Molodtsova" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="349 - 365" refId="ref48440" refString="Molodtsova, T. N. & Opresko, D. M. (2017) Black corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) of the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone. Marine Biodiversity, 47 (2), 349 - 365. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12526 - 017 - 0659 - 6" type="journal article" year="2017">Molodtsova & Opresko, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C93DFFB7F9BBFC25FF79F6BD" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99369DC93DFFB7F9BBFC25FF79F6BD" blockId="46.[151,1436,696,1191]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC93DFFB7F9BBFC25FEF8F60D" bold="true" box="[199,353,1020,1047]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Pacific and Indian Ocean (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC93DFFB7FBEFFC25FC70F60D" author="Molodtsova & Opresko" box="[659,1001,1020,1047]" firstAuthor="Molodtsova" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="349 - 365" refId="ref48440" refString="Molodtsova, T. N. & Opresko, D. M. (2017) Black corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) of the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone. Marine Biodiversity, 47 (2), 349 - 365. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12526 - 017 - 0659 - 6" type="journal article" year="2017">Molodtsova & Opresko, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), South Atlantic,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F331760DC93DFFB7FDD2FC25FA05F60C" box="[1198,1436,1020,1046]" name="South Georgia Island" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">South Georgia Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
(fig. 35) (Smithsonian, USNM 99488, identified by D. M. Opresko; available in <http://collections.nmnh.si.edu/ search/iz/>) and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F331760DC93DFFB7F832FB9DFE5AF644" box="[334,451,1092,1118]" name="Antarctica" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Smithsonian, USNM 78800, 78802, 78804, 78806, 78811, identified by D. M. Opresko; available in <http://collections.nmnh.si.edu/search/iz/>); from
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C93DFFB7FA24FBB1FC37F699" box="[856,942,1128,1155]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.67" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="m" value="2670.0">2670 m</quantity>
|
||
to
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C93DFFB7FAAFFBB1FBB0F699" box="[979,1065,1128,1155]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.089" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="m" value="5089.0">5089 m</quantity>
|
||
depths (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC93DFFB7FDF5FBB1FF4DF6BD" author="Molodtsova & Opresko" firstAuthor="Molodtsova" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="349 - 365" refId="ref48440" refString="Molodtsova, T. N. & Opresko, D. M. (2017) Black corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) of the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone. Marine Biodiversity, 47 (2), 349 - 365. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12526 - 017 - 0659 - 6" type="journal article" year="2017">Molodtsova & Opresko, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |