252 lines
27 KiB
XML
252 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1128.95139" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1128-53" ID-Pensoft-UUID="277649FB449458B09AA7004463A4C4EE" ID-ZooBank="5A7D93B21D5A41879CCE66B64B7A0C64" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1128-53" checkinTime="1667915789587" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Valentich-Scott, Paul & Goddard, Jeffrey H. R." docDate="2022" docId="AAEEBCC598425D9181C5B50317A2882E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1128: 53-62" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1128" docPubDate="2022-11-07" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1128.95139" docTitle="Cymatioa cooki" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="277649FB449458B09AA7004463A4C4EE" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="277649FB449458B09AA7004463A4C4EE" masterDocTitle="A fossil species found living off southern California, with notes on the genus Cymatioa (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Galeommatoidea)" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="53" pageNumber="53" updateTime="1667915789587" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A fossil species found living off southern California, with notes on the genus Cymatioa (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Galeommatoidea)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Valentich-Scott, Paul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0019-7643</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, 2559 Puesta del Sol, Santa Barbara, California 93105, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">pvscott@sbnature2.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Goddard, Jeffrey H. R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1682-8438</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-11-07</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1128</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>53</mods:start>
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<mods:end>62</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1128.95139</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1128.95139</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1128-53</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">5A7D93B21D5A41879CCE66B64B7A0C64</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">277649FB449458B09AA7004463A4C4EE</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<subSection pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="systematic account">
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AAEEBCC598425D9181C5B50317A2882E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AAEEBCC598425D9181C5B50317A2882E" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName LSID="AAEEBCC5-9842-5D91-81C5-B50317A2882E" authority="(Willett, 1937)" baseAuthorityName="Willett" baseAuthorityYear="1937" class="Bivalvia" family="Galeommatidae" genus="Cymatioa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymatioa cooki" order="Galeommatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cooki">Cymatioa cooki (Willett, 1937)</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cymatioa cooki. A, B living animal from Naples Point, SBMNH 629938, length = 7.4 mm A lateral view with extended foot, note mantle papillae anteriorly and dorsally B ventral view with wide, long mantle gape C, D animals on native substratum E-H holotype, LACMIP 59.2., length = 9.7 mm E exterior of right valve F exterior of left valve G interior of left valve H interior of right valve." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1128.95139.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/766487" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Figs 1A-H</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-C Cymatioa cooki, shell of left valve collected at Naples Point, SBMNH 641848, length 8.8 mm A exterior of valve B interior of valve C close up of hinge D-F Cymatioa electilis, left valve D, E holotype, CASIZG 043976, length = 16 mm D exterior of valve E interior of valve F paratype, SBMNH 34017, close up of hinge." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1128.95139.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/766488" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">, 2A-C</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Willett" authorityYear="1937" class="Bivalvia" family="Galeommatidae" genus="Bornia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bornia cooki" order="Galeommatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cooki">Bornia cooki</taxonomicName>
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Willett, 1937: 389, pl. 5, figs 3-6.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Shell</emphasis>
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: thin, fragile, subovate; inequilateral, posterior end much longer; anterior and posterior ends broadly rounded; dorsal margin gently sloping on each side of umbos; ventral margin broadly gaping in living animal; beaks small, sharply pointed; prodissoconch 200
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in diameter; sculpture of irregular, slightly wavy commarginal striae, and fine, dense punctae; ventral margin with sparse, broad, low radial undulations; periostracum thin, light beige, silky; hinge plate narrow; right valve with one short anterior cardinal tooth, one elongate posterior lateral tooth; left valve with two minute anterior cardinal teeth, one elongate posterior lateral tooth; ligament internal, opisthodetic, elongate; resilifer narrow, elongate; ventral margin slightly wavy internally; adductor muscle scars subovate, subequal; pallial line entire; strong accessory muscle scars dorsal to pallial line. Length to 11.4 mm (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.14904" author="Willett, G" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" refId="B44" refString="Willett, G, 1937. An upper Pleistocene fauna from the Baldwin Hills, Los Angeles County, California. San Diego Society of Natural History, Transactions 8: 379-406 [pls 25, 26]. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.14904" title="An upper Pleistocene fauna from the Baldwin Hills, Los Angeles County, California. San Diego Society of Natural History, Transactions 8: 379 - 406 [pls 25, 26]." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.14904" year="1937">Willett 1937</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Mantle</emphasis>
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: large, reflected, covering most of outer shell surface when fully extended, including umbones (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cymatioa cooki. A, B living animal from Naples Point, SBMNH 629938, length = 7.4 mm A lateral view with extended foot, note mantle papillae anteriorly and dorsally B ventral view with wide, long mantle gape C, D animals on native substratum E-H holotype, LACMIP 59.2., length = 9.7 mm E exterior of right valve F exterior of left valve G interior of left valve H interior of right valve." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1128.95139.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/766487" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">1A</figureCitation>
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); mantle can be mostly retracted into the shell; reflected portion of mantle sparsely papillate (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cymatioa cooki. A, B living animal from Naples Point, SBMNH 629938, length = 7.4 mm A lateral view with extended foot, note mantle papillae anteriorly and dorsally B ventral view with wide, long mantle gape C, D animals on native substratum E-H holotype, LACMIP 59.2., length = 9.7 mm E exterior of right valve F exterior of left valve G interior of left valve H interior of right valve." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1128.95139.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/766487" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">1A</figureCitation>
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); slightly fused posteroventrally; two anterior and two posterior tentacles, short, slightly extending past shell margins (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cymatioa cooki. A, B living animal from Naples Point, SBMNH 629938, length = 7.4 mm A lateral view with extended foot, note mantle papillae anteriorly and dorsally B ventral view with wide, long mantle gape C, D animals on native substratum E-H holotype, LACMIP 59.2., length = 9.7 mm E exterior of right valve F exterior of left valve G interior of left valve H interior of right valve." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1128.95139.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/766487" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">1A, B</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Foot</emphasis>
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: large, translucent, exceeding the length of the shell when fully extended, spathate, with distinct pointed heel; bright white stripe extending from the tip of foot to the shell margin, presumably related to byssal formation (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cymatioa cooki. A, B living animal from Naples Point, SBMNH 629938, length = 7.4 mm A lateral view with extended foot, note mantle papillae anteriorly and dorsally B ventral view with wide, long mantle gape C, D animals on native substratum E-H holotype, LACMIP 59.2., length = 9.7 mm E exterior of right valve F exterior of left valve G interior of left valve H interior of right valve." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1128.95139.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/766487" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">1A</figureCitation>
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). This species is an active crawler (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cymatioa cooki. A, B living animal from Naples Point, SBMNH 629938, length = 7.4 mm A lateral view with extended foot, note mantle papillae anteriorly and dorsally B ventral view with wide, long mantle gape C, D animals on native substratum E-H holotype, LACMIP 59.2., length = 9.7 mm E exterior of right valve F exterior of left valve G interior of left valve H interior of right valve." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1128.95139.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/766487" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">1C</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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Baldwin Hills Pleistocene deposit, Los Angeles County, California;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="33.9658" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="33.9658">33.9658</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="118.4264" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-118.4264">-118.4264</geoCoordinate>
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; LACMIP locality 59.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="locality of living specimens">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Locality of living specimens.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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USA, California, Santa Barbara County, off Naples Point;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="34.4339" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="34.4339">34.4339</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="119.9500" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-119.95">-119.9500</geoCoordinate>
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; intertidal zone, in boulders and cobbles. SBMNH 629938, conjoined shell and anatomy, length 7.4 mm, height 4.5 mm (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cymatioa cooki. A, B living animal from Naples Point, SBMNH 629938, length = 7.4 mm A lateral view with extended foot, note mantle papillae anteriorly and dorsally B ventral view with wide, long mantle gape C, D animals on native substratum E-H holotype, LACMIP 59.2., length = 9.7 mm E exterior of right valve F exterior of left valve G interior of left valve H interior of right valve." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1128.95139.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/766487" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">1A, B</figureCitation>
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); SBMNH 641848, (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-C Cymatioa cooki, shell of left valve collected at Naples Point, SBMNH 641848, length 8.8 mm A exterior of valve B interior of valve C close up of hinge D-F Cymatioa electilis, left valve D, E holotype, CASIZG 043976, length = 16 mm D exterior of valve E interior of valve F paratype, SBMNH 34017, close up of hinge." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1128.95139.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/766488" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">2A-C</figureCitation>
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), one left valve length 8.8 mm, height 5.5 mm.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1128.95139.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/766488" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">A-C</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Willett" baseAuthorityYear="1937" class="Bivalvia" family="Galeommatidae" genus="Cymatioa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymatioa cooki" order="Galeommatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cooki">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Cymatioa cooki</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, shell of left valve collected at Naples Point, SBMNH 641848, length 8.8 mm
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
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exterior of valve
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">B</emphasis>
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interior of valve
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">C</emphasis>
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close up of hinge
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">D-F</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="S. S. Berry" baseAuthorityYear="1963" class="Bivalvia" family="Galeommatidae" genus="Cymatioa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymatioa electilis" order="Galeommatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="electilis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Cymatioa electilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, left valve
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">D, E</emphasis>
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holotype, CASIZG 043976, length = 16 mm
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">D</emphasis>
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exterior of valve
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">E</emphasis>
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interior of valve
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">F</emphasis>
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paratype, SBMNH 34017, close up of hinge.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Habitat and potential commensal relationships.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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All three living specimens were found near the seaward edge of a boulder field centered at
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<geoCoordinate degrees="34.4339" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="34.4339">34.4339</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="119.9500" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-119.95">-119.9500</geoCoordinate>
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and located on a broad, gently sloping, wave-cut bench of Monterey Shale. This boulder field extends vertically from a tidal height of approximately +0.3 m above mean lower low water to -0.4 m. The surfgrass
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Zosteraceae" genus="Phyllospadix" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phyllospadix torreyi" order="Alismatales" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="torreyi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Phyllospadix torreyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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S. Watson, 1879, dominates much of the surrounding bench. At low tide, a shallow lagoon lies just landward of the boulder field, and behind that are more shale bench, a narrow sand beach, and then cliffs up to 20 m high consisting of Monterey shale overlain by terrestrial deposits. Sand levels on the beach and in the lagoon fluctuate seasonally, with nearly all of the beach scoured away in winter, but the boulder field as a whole is never significantly inundated, especially at its seaward edge where the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Berry" authorityYear="1964" class="Bivalvia" family="Galeommatidae" genus="Cymatioa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymatioa" order="Galeommatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Cymatioa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was found. Vertical relief in the boulder field is fairly low, with most boulders under 0.5 m diameter. A few rock outcrops just to the west are only about 1 m high.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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The specimens found on 23 November 2018 were on sand underneath a boulder (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cymatioa cooki. A, B living animal from Naples Point, SBMNH 629938, length = 7.4 mm A lateral view with extended foot, note mantle papillae anteriorly and dorsally B ventral view with wide, long mantle gape C, D animals on native substratum E-H holotype, LACMIP 59.2., length = 9.7 mm E exterior of right valve F exterior of left valve G interior of left valve H interior of right valve." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1128.95139.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/766487" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">1C, D</figureCitation>
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). One of these was found at the entrance to a burrow of unknown origin, with its foot extended and tentaculate inhalant siphon extending into the burrow opening. The burrow may have been constructed by the Tidepool Ghost Shrimp,
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Holthuis" baseAuthorityYear="1991" class="Malacostraca" family="Callianassidae" genus="Neotrypaea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neotrypaea biffari" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biffari">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Neotrypaea biffari</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Holthuis, 1991), which occur frequently under boulders at this site, usually with commensal Blind Gobies
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Steindachner" authorityYear="1879" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Typhlogobius" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Typhlogobius californiensis" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="californiensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Typhlogobius californiensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Steindachner, 1879. This sighting is vouchered in eight images at https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/18597683, with the last image showing one of the specimens as first observed, next to the burrow entrance described above.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
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The specimen found on 4 March 2019 was on the underside of a boulder, among scattered tubes of the annelid
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirorbis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spirorbis" order="Sabellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Spirorbis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. and small, scattered patches of an unidentified tan-colored encrusting sponge. Two small dorid nudibranchs,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Collier & Farmer" authorityYear="1964" class="Gastropoda" family="Dorididae" genus="Conualevia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Conualevia alba" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="alba">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Conualevia alba</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Collier & Farmer, 1964; a single mussel,
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Conrad" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Mytilisepta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mytilisepta bifurcata" order="Mytilida" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bifurcata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Mytilisepta bifurcata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Conrad, 1837); and an adult chiton,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Dall" baseAuthorityYear="1879" class="Polyplacophora" family="Ischnochitonidae" genus="Stenoplax" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stenoplax conspicua" order="Chitonida" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="conspicua">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Stenoplax conspicua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Dall, 1879), were also present, all within a few centimeters of the
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. cooki" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="cooki">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">C. cooki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Burrow openings of unknown origin and 3-5 mm in diameter were also present on the undersurface of the boulder. This sighting is vouchered in six images at https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/20962245.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="comparisons">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Comparisons.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
|
||
The shell morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. cooki" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="cooki">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">C. cooki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is closest to
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. electilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="electilis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">C. electilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with both species sharing a commarginal and punctate sculpture and an undulate ventral margin (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-C Cymatioa cooki, shell of left valve collected at Naples Point, SBMNH 641848, length 8.8 mm A exterior of valve B interior of valve C close up of hinge D-F Cymatioa electilis, left valve D, E holotype, CASIZG 043976, length = 16 mm D exterior of valve E interior of valve F paratype, SBMNH 34017, close up of hinge." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1128.95139.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/766488" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">2A-F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Willett" baseAuthorityYear="1937" class="Bivalvia" family="Galeommatidae" genus="Cymatioa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymatioa cooki" order="Galeommatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cooki">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Cymatioa cooki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is subquadrate and inequilateral, with a much longer posterior end (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-C Cymatioa cooki, shell of left valve collected at Naples Point, SBMNH 641848, length 8.8 mm A exterior of valve B interior of valve C close up of hinge D-F Cymatioa electilis, left valve D, E holotype, CASIZG 043976, length = 16 mm D exterior of valve E interior of valve F paratype, SBMNH 34017, close up of hinge." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1128.95139.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/766488" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">2A</figureCitation>
|
||
), whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. electilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="electilis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">C. electilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is subovate with a slightly longer posterior end (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-C Cymatioa cooki, shell of left valve collected at Naples Point, SBMNH 641848, length 8.8 mm A exterior of valve B interior of valve C close up of hinge D-F Cymatioa electilis, left valve D, E holotype, CASIZG 043976, length = 16 mm D exterior of valve E interior of valve F paratype, SBMNH 34017, close up of hinge." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1128.95139.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/766488" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">2D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The cardinal teeth in both species are quite small and similar; however, the posterior lateral tooth in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. cooki" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="cooki">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">C. cooki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is longer and more robust (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-C Cymatioa cooki, shell of left valve collected at Naples Point, SBMNH 641848, length 8.8 mm A exterior of valve B interior of valve C close up of hinge D-F Cymatioa electilis, left valve D, E holotype, CASIZG 043976, length = 16 mm D exterior of valve E interior of valve F paratype, SBMNH 34017, close up of hinge." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1128.95139.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/766488" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">2C</figureCitation>
|
||
) than that of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. electilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="electilis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">C. electilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-C Cymatioa cooki, shell of left valve collected at Naples Point, SBMNH 641848, length 8.8 mm A exterior of valve B interior of valve C close up of hinge D-F Cymatioa electilis, left valve D, E holotype, CASIZG 043976, length = 16 mm D exterior of valve E interior of valve F paratype, SBMNH 34017, close up of hinge." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1128.95139.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/766488" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">2F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Because the living animal is undocumented for
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. electilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="electilis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">C. electilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we are unable to provide anatomical comparisons. However, based on other galeommatid taxa, many differences in mantle tentacles and papillae are likely.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</document> |