280 lines
29 KiB
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280 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.7.e35673" ID-PMC="PMC6684536" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828-7-e35673" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFECF503FFFFFF8AFFB1A227FFDB8242" ID-PubMed="31404382" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3361026" ID-ZooBank="FABB30CC620A40A2AFD09A6A6EA24F65" ModsDocID="1314-2828-7-e35673" checkinTime="1564475668223" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Elsayed, Ayman Khamis, Yukawa, Junichi & Tokuda, Makoto" docDate="2019" docId="7B6D65BAC79657E68AFFD94898C3BDEB" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 7: e35673" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 7" docPubDate="2019-07-09" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.7.e35673" docTitle="Pseudasphondylia tominagai Elsayed and Tokuda 2019, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="3C010E4B-5CE3-4C2B-B280-21F4E70CF7D3" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="3" id="FFECF503FFFFFF8AFFB1A227FFDB8242" lastPageNumber="35673" masterDocId="FFECF503FFFFFF8AFFB1A227FFDB8242" masterDocTitle="Pseudasphondylia tominagai, a new gall midge species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) inducing flower bud galls on Eleutherococcus spinosus (Araliaceae) in Japan" masterLastPageNumber="35673" masterPageNumber="35673" pageNumber="35673" updateTime="1668128244865" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Pseudasphondylia tominagai, a new gall midge species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) inducing flower bud galls on Eleutherococcus spinosus (Araliaceae) in Japan</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Elsayed, Ayman Khamis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0110-543X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>The Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan & Laboratory of Systems Ecology, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, Saga, Japan & Department of Applied Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">ayman.khamis77@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Yukawa, Junichi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Entomological Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tokuda, Makoto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Laboratory of Systems Ecology, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, Saga, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Biodiversity Data Journal</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2019-07-09</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>7</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>35673</mods:start>
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<mods:end>35673</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.7.e35673</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.7.e35673</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2828-7-e35673</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">FABB30CC620A40A2AFD09A6A6EA24F65</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFECF503FFFFFF8AFFB1A227FFDB8242</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3361026</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3C010E4B-5CE3-4C2B-B280-21F4E70CF7D3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7B6D65BAC79657E68AFFD94898C3BDEB" lastPageNumber="35673" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3C010E4B-5CE3-4C2B-B280-21F4E70CF7D3" authority="Elsayed and Tokuda, 2019" authorityName="Elsayed and Tokuda" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Lauraceae" genus="Pseudasphondylia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudasphondylia tominagai" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tominagai" status="sp. n.">Pseudasphondylia tominagai Elsayed and Tokuda, 2019</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">Description</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">
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Generic synopsis of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Monzen" authorityYear="1955" class="Insecta" family="Lauraceae" genus="Pseudasphondylia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudasphondylia" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">Pseudasphondylia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Monzen, 1955: see
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<bibRefCitation author="Tokuda, M." journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Entomological Society of America" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" pagination="259 - 272" refId="B5204142" refString="Tokuda, M., Yukawa, J., 2005. Two new and three known Japanese species of genus Pseudasphondylia Monzen (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Asphondyliini) and their life history strategies. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 98: 259 - 272" title="Two new and three known Japanese species of genus Pseudasphondylia Monzen (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Asphondyliini) and their life history strategies" volume="98" year="2005">Tokuda and Yukawa (2005)</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">Adult</emphasis>
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. Head (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F5204619" captionText="Figure 2. Pseudasphondylia tominagai. a. Head; b. Ventral view of female antennal flagellomeres X-XII; c. Ventral view of male flagellomeres X-XII; d. Tarsomere V and acromere of foreleg; e. Tarsomere V and acromere of hindleg. Scale bars = 50 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.7.e35673.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/296329" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">2</figureCitation>
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a-c) Eye bridge 6-8 facets long, facets rounded. Antenna: scape slightly wider than long, with scattered setae dorsally on the anterior two thirds and the posterior half ventrally; pedicel spheroid, with scattered setae on the anterior half; nodes of flagellomeres setose and microtrichose, with appressed circumfila and short, naked necks; female flagellomeres with two connected rings of circumfila, flagellomere I and II fused, flagellomeres I-IX elongate-cylindrical, becoming noticeably shorter successively, flagellomeres X-XII successively more foreshortened, flagellomere X twice as long as wide, flagellomere XI about 1.2 times as long as wide, flagellomere XII spheroid; male flagellomeres elongate-cylindrical, equal in length, with anastomosing wavy circumfila. Fronto-clypeus with 15-19 setae (n = 6). Palpus with noticeable palpiger, four-segmented, each segment with few setae and scales, first segment shortest (22-32
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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), second about twice as long as first, third about as long as second, fourth about 1.3 times longer than third. Labrum and labella setose and microtrichose.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">
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Thorax: Anepisternum with 20-25 scales; anepimeron with 21-31 setae (n = 6); katepisternum bare. Lengths of leg parts as in Table
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<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T5204411" captionText="Table 1. Leg length (µm) in Pseudasphondylia tominagai." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/EDD12E66102F33F3484B9BDA026CD828" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" tableUuid="EDD12E66102F33F3484B9BDA026CD828">1</tableCitation>
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; acropods (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F5204619" captionText="Figure 2. Pseudasphondylia tominagai. a. Head; b. Ventral view of female antennal flagellomeres X-XII; c. Ventral view of male flagellomeres X-XII; d. Tarsomere V and acromere of foreleg; e. Tarsomere V and acromere of hindleg. Scale bars = 50 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.7.e35673.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/296329" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">2</figureCitation>
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d-e): claws bent after midlength, less robust on foreleg than on mid- and hindlegs, empodia slightly shorter than claws, pulvilli diminutive. Wing (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStartId="F5205592" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStartId="F5205597" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">a</figureCitation>
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): length 1.8-1.9 mm (n = 4) in male and 1.9-2.0 mm (n = 4) in female; width 0.88-0.92 mm (n = 4) in male and 0.92-1.04 mm (n = 4) in female; R5 joining C posterior to wing apex.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">
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Female abdomen (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F5204631" captionText="Figure 4. Terminal part of female abdomen of Pseudasphondylia tominagai n. sp. Scale bar = 50 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.7.e35673.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/296330" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">4</figureCitation>
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): Tergites I-VII rectangular, with anterior pair of trichoid sensilla and some lateral setae; tergite I with scales only on posterior half and posterior row of setae; tergites II-VII evenly covered with scales, tergites II-VI with single row of posterior setae; tergite VII with two posterior rows of setae; tergite VIII bare. Sternites II-VII with anterolateral pair of trichoid sensilla; sternites II-VI rectangular, with single row of posterior setae mixed with few scales, anterior two thirds with scattered setae and setiform scales; sternite VII about three times as long as VI, covered with scattered setae and scales. Ovipositor: eversible part with dorsal pair of pseudocerci basally; protrusible part needle-like, pigmented, about 2.7 (2.67-2.75; n = 4) times as long as sternite VII; cerci undifferentiated.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">
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Male abdomen: Tergites I-VII and sternites II-VI as for female; tergite VIII band-like, bare, with no discernible trichoid sensilla; sternites VII-VIII with anterior pair of trichoid sensilla, covered with scattered setae and scales, sternite VII width about as for VI, sternite VIII about 0.7 as wide as VII. Terminalia (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStartId="F5205607" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStartId="F5205612" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">a</figureCitation>
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): gonostylus with setae dorsally and ventrally on distal two thirds; cerci ovoid with setose margins; hypoproct shorter than cerci, bilobed, each lobe with one posterodorsal seta and one ventral seta; gonocoxal lobes about 0.4 times as long as the hypoproct; aedeagus longer than cerci, tapered.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">Third instar</emphasis>
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. Pale yellow, body strongly bowed backwards. Spatula (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F5204639" captionText="Figure 6. Larva of Pseudasphondylia tominagai n. sp. a. Spatula; b. Abdominal segment VIII and terminal segment dorsally. Scale bars = 50 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.7.e35673.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/296331" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">6</figureCitation>
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a): quadridentate, inner teeth slightly longer than outer two; posterior portion about 3.7 times as long as width of anterior free portion. Three lateral papillae present, two with setae. Three asetose pleural papillae present anteriorly on each side of prothorax. Two pairs of asetose pleural papillae on meso- and metathorax. One pair of asetose pleural papillae on abdominal segments I-VIII. Two sternal papillae on each thoracic segment and abdominal segments I-VII, with setae, except on prothorax without setae. Two pairs of asetose elliptical papillae present anterodorsally on all thoracic and abdominal segments I-VIII. Two pairs of dorsal papillae present, without setae on thoracic segments and only outer pair with setae on abdominal segments I-VII. Terminal abdominal segment with two pairs of terminal papillae, outer pair with large setae and inner pair with minute setae (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F5204639" captionText="Figure 6. Larva of Pseudasphondylia tominagai n. sp. a. Spatula; b. Abdominal segment VIII and terminal segment dorsally. Scale bars = 50 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.7.e35673.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/296331" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">6</figureCitation>
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b). Four asetose anal papillae present.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">Pupa</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F5204643" captionText="Figure 7. Pupa of Pseudasphondylia tominagai n. sp. a. Ventral view of head; b. Prothoracic spiracle; c. Dorsal view of abdomen. Scale bars = 50 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.7.e35673.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/296332" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">7</figureCitation>
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a-c). Four cephalic papillae present on tubercle, two with setae. Antennal horns greatly enlarged, tapered and flattened in ventral view, with serrate outer margins. One pair of setose lower facial papillae present. Two pairs of lateral facial papillae present, one pair with minute setae. Prothoracic spiracle elongated, slightly curved, about 320
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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long, with tracheae extending to tip. Abdominal spiracles present on segments II-IV, each spiracle about 0.5 times as long as the prothoracic spiracle. Abdominal terga I-VII with anterior pair of trichoid sensilla, 4-5 rows of spines and two pairs of dorsal papillae, only outer pair with setae; terga VIII with 3-4 rows of spines and two pairs of setose dorsal papillae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">Etymology</emphasis>
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: The species name,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Elsayed and Tokuda" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Lauraceae" genus="Pseudasphondylia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudasphondylia tominagai" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tominagai">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">Pseudasphondylia tominagai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, honours Mr. A. Tominaga who collected the galls and reared the adults of this species.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">Holotype</emphasis>
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: 1♂ (on slide): reared from flower bud gall on
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<taxonomicName lsidName="E. spinosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" rank="species" species="spinosus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">E. spinosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, collected in Misugi, Tsu City, Mie Prefecture, Japan, on 26.05.2018, emerged on 8.06.2018, A. Tominaga leg.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">Paratypes</emphasis>
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: All paratypes (on slides) were reared from flower bud galls on
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<taxonomicName lsidName="E. spinosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" rank="species" species="spinosus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">E. spinosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in Japan by A. Tominaga. 4 larvae: galls collected in Misugi, Tsu City, Mie Prefecture on 26.05.2018, dissected on 26.05.2018; 4 larvae: galls collected in Higashi-Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture on 30.04.2018, dissected on 30.04.2018. 7 pupal exuviae, 5♀, 3♂: same data as holotype.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">Distribution</emphasis>
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: Japan, Honshu: Osaka and Mie Prefectures.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">Gall and life history</emphasis>
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:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Elsayed and Tokuda" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Lauraceae" genus="Pseudasphondylia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudasphondylia tominagai" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tominagai">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">Pseudasphondylia tominagai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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induces flower bud galls on
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<taxonomicName lsidName="E. spinosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" rank="species" species="spinosus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">E. spinosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The galled flower bud remains closed and reaches a diameter of 2.06-2.38 mm and length of 3.58-4.27 mm (n = 5) when matured. Larvae grow and pupate in the apical third of the galled bud. Third instars were found in the dissected galls in mid-April and adults emerged in late May.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">Diagnosis</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">
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Amongst the five known
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Monzen" authorityYear="1955" class="Insecta" family="Lauraceae" genus="Pseudasphondylia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudasphondylia" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">Pseudasphondylia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species in Japan,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. tominagai" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tominagai">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">P. tominagai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be separated easily from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. neolitseae" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neolitseae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">P. neolitseae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. matatabi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matatabi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">P. matatabi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. elaeocarpi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elaeocarpi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">P. elaeocarpi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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at least by the following characters: narrower wings (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStartId="F5205592" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStartId="F5205600" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">d</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStartId="F5205601" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">e</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStartId="F5205602" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">f</figureCitation>
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), more palpal segments and shape of sternal spatula (
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<bibRefCitation author="Yukawa, J." journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" pagination="1 - 203" refId="B5204181" refString="Yukawa, J., 1971. A revision of the Japanese gall midges. Memoirs of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University 8: 1 - 203" title="A revision of the Japanese gall midges" volume="8" year="1971">Yukawa 1971</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Yukawa, J." journalOrPublisher="Kontyu" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" pagination="293 - 304" refId="B5204212" refString="Yukawa, J., 1974. Descriptions of new Japanese gall midges (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae, Asphondyliidi) causing leaf galls on Lauraceae. Kontyu 42 (3): 293 - 304" title="Descriptions of new Japanese gall midges (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae, Asphondyliidi) causing leaf galls on Lauraceae" volume="42" year="1974">Yukawa 1974</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Tokuda, M." journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Entomological Society of America" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" pagination="259 - 272" refId="B5204142" refString="Tokuda, M., Yukawa, J., 2005. Two new and three known Japanese species of genus Pseudasphondylia Monzen (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Asphondyliini) and their life history strategies. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 98: 259 - 272" title="Two new and three known Japanese species of genus Pseudasphondylia Monzen (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Asphondyliini) and their life history strategies" volume="98" year="2005">Tokuda and Yukawa 2005</bibRefCitation>
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). It can be distinguished from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. rokuharensis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rokuharensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">P. rokuharensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as follows: wings of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. tominagai" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tominagai">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">P. tominagai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are slightly wider (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStartId="F5205592" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStartId="F5205599" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">c</figureCitation>
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); the male of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. tominagai" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tominagai">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">P. tominagai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has the hypoproct with shallower-notch and the cerci more rounded and with deeper emargination in between; the female of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. tominagai" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tominagai">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">P. tominagai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has a longer ovipositor (the protrusible needle-like part of ovipositor is 2.7 times as long as sternite VII in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. tominagai" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tominagai">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">P. tominagai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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compared to 1.8 times in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. rokuharensis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rokuharensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">P. rokuharensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) (
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<bibRefCitation author="Tokuda, M." journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Entomological Society of America" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" pagination="259 - 272" refId="B5204142" refString="Tokuda, M., Yukawa, J., 2005. Two new and three known Japanese species of genus Pseudasphondylia Monzen (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Asphondyliini) and their life history strategies. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 98: 259 - 272" title="Two new and three known Japanese species of genus Pseudasphondylia Monzen (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Asphondyliini) and their life history strategies" volume="98" year="2005">Tokuda and Yukawa 2005</bibRefCitation>
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); the pupa of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. tominagai" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tominagai">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">P. tominagai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has four dorsal papillae on abdominal segments I-VII, compared to six dorsal papillae in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. rokuharensis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rokuharensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">P. rokuharensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Tokuda, M." journalOrPublisher="Esakia" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" pagination="11 - 17" refId="B5204132" refString="Tokuda, M., Yukawa, J., 2002. Morphological features of the mature larva and pupa of Pseudasphondylia rokuharensis Monzen (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Esakia 42: 11 - 17" title="Morphological features of the mature larva and pupa of Pseudasphondylia rokuharensis Monzen (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)" volume="42" year="2002">Tokuda and Yukawa 2002</bibRefCitation>
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); the larva of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. tominagai" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tominagai">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">P. tominagai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has four setose papillae on the terminal abdominal segment compared to only two in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. rokuharensis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rokuharensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">P. rokuharensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Elsayed and Tokuda" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Lauraceae" genus="Pseudasphondylia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudasphondylia tominagai" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tominagai">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">Pseudasphondylia tominagai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is closest to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. kiritanii" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kiritanii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">P. kiritanii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
because both species resemble each other in wing shape (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStartId="F5205592" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStartId="F5205597" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">a</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStartId="F5205598" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">b</figureCitation>
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) and larval and pupal morphology; they can be distinguished from each other by the following characters: the male of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. tominagai" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tominagai">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">P. tominagai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has the hypoproct narrower than each cercus and with a shallower notch, whereas the hypoproct of
|
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. kiritanii" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kiritanii">
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|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">P. kiritanii</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
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|
is slightly wider than each cercus and with a deeper notch (Fig.
|
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<figureCitation captionStartId="F5205607" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStartId="F5205613" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">b</figureCitation>
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); and the protrusible, needle-like part of the female ovipositor is slightly longer in
|
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. tominagai" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tominagai">
|
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">P. tominagai</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
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|
(about 2.7 times as long as sternite VII) than in
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. kiritanii" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kiritanii">
|
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35673">P. kiritanii</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(about 2.5 times as long as sternite VII).
|
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |