treatments-xml/data/03/DB/87/03DB87D0FFD3FFA302B6FBCB4B95F8C8.xml
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

151 lines
20 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="A6D178AC485CA6EC0CDFED4C9C8A654C" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3887.3.3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4952109" ID-ZooBank="25338EEF-328B-442A-A44C-7C412D16DDAA" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623728662576" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Stonis, Jonas R., Remeikis, Andrius &amp; Davis, Donald R." docDate="2014" docId="03DB87D0FFD3FFA302B6FBCB4B95F8C8" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03887p353.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3887 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Stigmella purpurimaculae Remeikis &amp; Stonis 2014" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="351" masterDocId="FFE2FFA8FFCDFFBD0221FF85496FFF92" masterDocTitle="Ten new species from the Patagonian Andes (Argentina and Chile), mostly belonging to a newly designated Stigmella purpurimaculae group (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae)" masterLastPageNumber="353" masterPageNumber="321" pageNumber="351" updateTime="1698966834930" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="8057FC672A2E78DB81AAC9DE88FF2806" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="CF3F6E9E7049F4FBF466BC05F2B15F16">
<mods:title id="35A695DD7BBAAFEED75F60D95E6A0ED8">Ten new species from the Patagonian Andes (Argentina and Chile), mostly belonging to a newly designated Stigmella purpurimaculae group (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="49CF66DCF487D917D5CE9DF3ED30DF45" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6757D0B49991518F2969416BBC39C104">
<mods:roleTerm id="E92FEAE6A46F1C15F004043B9005243D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F3DE56FF5CFEC28D578CDAF645E554D9">Stonis, Jonas R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="9EDC5DC6915C8DE351A35AEFF4629429">Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences, Studentų St. 39, Vilnius LT- 08106, Lithuania.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9B108E4FA880755D83B1DC2C7836D41E" type="email">stonis@leu.lt</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="6BB76B5DEEC07AB75323EAD068E28C85" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E63F01E98CE1C08E41358CDA1511FF00">
<mods:roleTerm id="F4E119C8538709004482DB60344062A7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="87040FA72627727B722B7098706BDC80">Remeikis, Andrius</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="31B84DF759CB39201360366CC7B3DE50">Laboratory of Entomology, Institute of Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, Vilnius LT- 08412, Lithuania. Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C., 20013 - 7012, USA. Corresponding author. E-mail: stonis @ leu. lt</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="41C1C875CD4EFB44378E335C0B408161" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E818D45CD9DE7FE1EE8B0DEC6DCEB741">
<mods:roleTerm id="B8D3357D7BE4460C996F20EE29A7B6A1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="EBC83EC63DAE34BA2C08254EC302DECF">Davis, Donald R.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="AD7C72EF7E6E9A77CC0FA84950FA6871">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="5619285CA9724CCCF685BF2484AA9E82" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="8B81516DD2A51F7336F0ABD5DB0C06B4">
<mods:title id="2AC1B0BDF6B61BAC8748703183B1D4B3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="54756F1FCE87D83AA2DE9F8B0B793FFD">
<mods:date id="1EE03F44BEB012EBF18A18E3C7CAD830">2014</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="3FC4F969ED3D34A633E3B6005407C01A" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="7745DF71F0F5B969C45066293038CBE3">2014-11-25</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="A4668845DED28DBB143A9D49B51EDB18" type="volume">
<mods:number id="32DAC772B377536307AE7AB21F336B7D">3887</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="014DC44037C2277FF52C8CD1674D4DD5" type="issue">
<mods:number id="F64ED9D788DDF4495A82A18BFCD99A27">3</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="3987C81E5D589113CAE6A5073AEF7D0F" unit="page">
<mods:start id="6DED3367FA31F35E35A92B289EB63C35">321</mods:start>
<mods:end id="590F6F1F8BE57C0E6845E1F85AD5DBFA">353</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="1AB2161040DBFC13999AD5CAE0E124DF">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="775B00E713C9641DDF9021CA5F116359" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3887.3.3</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BF84C20DADF33326AB85624EFDA820F9" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8C8FEC102A4E9FE9CD2C0019DCCE421F" type="Zenodo-Dep">4952109</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E3B20E20CBEE299206D7365C70DB67B5" type="ZooBank">25338EEF-328B-442A-A44C-7C412D16DDAA</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03DB87D0FFD3FFA302B6FBCB4B95F8C8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DB87D0FFD3FFA302B6FBCB4B95F8C8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB87D0FFD3FFA302B6FBCB4B95F8C8" lastPageNumber="351" pageId="30" pageNumber="351">
<subSubSection id="C368654DFFD3FFA302B6FBCB4BB0FBFA" box="[151,735,1102,1128]" pageId="30" pageNumber="351" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCD36C6FFD3FFA302B6FBCB4BB0FBFA" blockId="30.[151,735,1102,1128]" box="[151,735,1102,1128]" pageId="30" pageNumber="351">
<heading id="D08581AAFFD3FFA302B6FBCB4BB0FBFA" bold="true" box="[151,735,1102,1128]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="351" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B906EAD4FFD3FFA302B6FBCB4BB0FBFA" bold="true" box="[151,735,1102,1128]" pageId="30" pageNumber="351">
Designation of
<taxonomicName id="4C724D45FFD3FFA30373FBCB4BE2FBFA" ID-CoL="6ZT24" authorityName="Remeikis &amp; Stonis" authorityYear="2014" box="[338,653,1102,1128]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purpurimaculae">
<emphasis id="B906EAD4FFD3FFA30373FBCB4BE2FBFA" bold="true" box="[338,653,1102,1128]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="351">Stigmella purpurimaculae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C368654DFFD3FFA302B6FB104B95F8C8" pageId="30" pageNumber="351" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCD36C6FFD3FFA302B6FB104B81FA38" blockId="30.[151,1436,1173,1882]" pageId="30" pageNumber="351">
Species groups in
<taxonomicName id="4C724D45FFD3FFA30347FB10489AFB3C" authorityName="Stonis &amp; Remeikis &amp; Davis" authorityYear="2014" box="[358,501,1173,1198]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Nepticulidae</taxonomicName>
are highly valuable for diagnostic purposes to make associations easier, especially in such large genera as
<taxonomicName id="4C724D45FFD3FFA3038EFB3C4BEDFB40" authority="Schrank" authorityName="Schrank" authorityYear="1802" box="[431,642,1209,1234]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAD4FFD3FFA3038EFB3C4B77FB43" box="[431,536,1209,1233]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="351">Stigmella</emphasis>
Schrank
</taxonomicName>
, with about 400 species described worldwide (also see
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B37FFD3FFA30731FB3C498FFB64" author="Stonis, J. R. &amp; Diskus, A. &amp; Remeikis, A. &amp; Navickaite, A. &amp; Rociene, A." pageId="30" pageNumber="351" pagination="201 - 222" refId="ref15146" refString="Stonis, J. R., Diskus, A., Remeikis, A., Navickaite, A. &amp; Rociene, A. (2013 a) Description of new species of oak leaf-miners (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae), with notes on the species groups of Stigmella Schrank associated with Quercus as a hostplant. Zootaxa, 3737 (3), 201 - 222. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3737.3.1" type="journal article" year="2013">
Stonis
<emphasis id="B906EAD4FFD3FFA30741FB3F4CF3FB43" box="[1376,1436,1209,1233]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="351">et al.</emphasis>
2013a
</bibRefCitation>
). In the present paper, we designated one more species group, the
<taxonomicName id="4C724D45FFD3FFA301C5FB584DF6FB67" authorityName="Remeikis &amp; Stonis" authorityYear="2014" box="[996,1177,1245,1269]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purpurimaculae">
<emphasis id="B906EAD4FFD3FFA301C5FB584DF6FB67" box="[996,1177,1245,1269]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="351">purpurimaculae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, for the species which possess remarkable genitalia characters: the partially reduced tube of the phallus (
<figureCitation id="13492A43FFD3FFA306BAFA844C69FA88" box="[1179,1286,1281,1306]" captionStart="FIGURES 36" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1730,1753]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,196,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-106@12.[171,1417,195,1709]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 36. Details of morphology of the newly designated Sigmella purpurimaculae species group. 3, the color variation of the frontal tuft in Stigmella truncata Remeikis &amp; Stonis, sp. nov.; 4, female genitalia of non type-series specimen of S. sceptra Remeikis &amp; Stonis, sp. nov., genitalia slide no. RA452; 5, phallus of S. pseudoconcreta Remeikis &amp; Stonis, sp. nov., holotype, genitalia slide no. RA 505; 6, phallus of S. concreta Remeikis &amp; Stonis, sp. nov., holotype, genitalia slide no. RA498." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4952113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4952113/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="351">Figs 5, 6</figureCitation>
), the dentate cornuti (
<figureCitation id="13492A43FFD3FFA302D7FAA04833FAAC" box="[246,348,1317,1342]" captionStart="FIGURES 36" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1730,1753]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,196,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-106@12.[171,1417,195,1709]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 36. Details of morphology of the newly designated Sigmella purpurimaculae species group. 3, the color variation of the frontal tuft in Stigmella truncata Remeikis &amp; Stonis, sp. nov.; 4, female genitalia of non type-series specimen of S. sceptra Remeikis &amp; Stonis, sp. nov., genitalia slide no. RA452; 5, phallus of S. pseudoconcreta Remeikis &amp; Stonis, sp. nov., holotype, genitalia slide no. RA 505; 6, phallus of S. concreta Remeikis &amp; Stonis, sp. nov., holotype, genitalia slide no. RA498." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4952113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4952113/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="351">Figs 5, 6</figureCitation>
), and the strongly developed utriculus in the female genitalia, which can be equal or longer than the corpus bursae (
<figureCitation id="13492A43FFD3FFA3034DFACC48DDFAF0" box="[364,434,1353,1378]" captionStart="FIGURES 36" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1730,1753]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,196,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-106@12.[171,1417,195,1709]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 36. Details of morphology of the newly designated Sigmella purpurimaculae species group. 3, the color variation of the frontal tuft in Stigmella truncata Remeikis &amp; Stonis, sp. nov.; 4, female genitalia of non type-series specimen of S. sceptra Remeikis &amp; Stonis, sp. nov., genitalia slide no. RA452; 5, phallus of S. pseudoconcreta Remeikis &amp; Stonis, sp. nov., holotype, genitalia slide no. RA 505; 6, phallus of S. concreta Remeikis &amp; Stonis, sp. nov., holotype, genitalia slide no. RA498." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4952113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4952113/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="351">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). The later two characters are unique among
<taxonomicName id="4C724D45FFD3FFA30193FACC4D2EFAF0" authorityName="Stonis &amp; Remeikis &amp; Davis" authorityYear="2014" box="[946,1089,1353,1378]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Nepticulidae</taxonomicName>
and hitherto were unknown in the family, while the partial reduction of the phallus is also shared with two other species described in the current paper but not attributed to the
<taxonomicName id="4C724D45FFD3FFA303CBFA144BF0FA3B" authorityName="Remeikis &amp; Stonis" authorityYear="2014" box="[490,671,1425,1449]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purpurimaculae">
<emphasis id="B906EAD4FFD3FFA303CBFA144BF0FA3B" box="[490,671,1425,1449]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="351">purpurimaculae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD36C6FFD3FFA302E6FA304C3CF910" blockId="30.[151,1436,1173,1882]" pageId="30" pageNumber="351">
Characters of morphology: forewing often with an apical purple spot; androconial scales absent; frontal tuft varies from fuscous brown to orange (
<figureCitation id="13492A43FFD3FFA3007AFA5C4BCDFA60" box="[603,674,1497,1522]" captionStart="FIGURES 36" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1730,1753]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,196,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-106@12.[171,1417,195,1709]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 36. Details of morphology of the newly designated Sigmella purpurimaculae species group. 3, the color variation of the frontal tuft in Stigmella truncata Remeikis &amp; Stonis, sp. nov.; 4, female genitalia of non type-series specimen of S. sceptra Remeikis &amp; Stonis, sp. nov., genitalia slide no. RA452; 5, phallus of S. pseudoconcreta Remeikis &amp; Stonis, sp. nov., holotype, genitalia slide no. RA 505; 6, phallus of S. concreta Remeikis &amp; Stonis, sp. nov., holotype, genitalia slide no. RA498." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4952113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4952113/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="351">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
); in the male genitalia, gnathos often broadly U-shaped, anterior processes of gnathos short or absent, chitinization of phallus reduced on distal part (partial reduction of phallus), vesica with numerous small dentate cornuti, manica absent; in the female genitalia, accessory sac weakly defined, ductus spermathecae strongly chitinized; utriculus unusually developed (as a large sac, sometimes even longer than corpus bursae); unique short, thickened spines sometimes occur in distal part of corpus bursae, signa absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD36C6FFD3FFA302E6F9084857F880" blockId="30.[151,1436,1173,1882]" pageId="30" pageNumber="351">
Host-plant preferences unknown. More than
<specimenCount id="9D74FD4FFFD3FFA3009FF9084A79F934" box="[702,790,1677,1702]" pageId="30" pageNumber="351" type="male">16 male</specimenCount>
and female adults of three species of the
<taxonomicName id="4C724D45FFD3FFA306C6F9084CF3F937" authorityName="Remeikis &amp; Stonis" authorityYear="2014" box="[1255,1436,1677,1701]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purpurimaculae">
<emphasis id="B906EAD4FFD3FFA306C6F9084CF3F937" box="[1255,1436,1677,1701]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="351">purpurimaculae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group (
<taxonomicName id="4C724D45FFD3FFA302C9F93448D6F95B" authority="Stonis &amp; Remeikis &amp; Davis, 2014" authorityName="Stonis &amp; Remeikis &amp; Davis" authorityYear="2014" box="[232,441,1713,1737]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purpurimaculae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B906EAD4FFD3FFA302C9F93448D6F95B" box="[232,441,1713,1737]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="351">S. purpurimaculae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B906EAD4FFD3FFA3039EF9344B76F958" bold="true" box="[447,537,1713,1738]" pageId="30" pageNumber="351">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23557AFFFD3FFA3039EF9344B76F958" box="[447,537,1713,1738]" pageId="30" pageNumber="351" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C724D45FFD3FFA30007F9344B17F95B" authority="Stonis &amp; Remeikis &amp; Davis, 2014" authorityName="Stonis &amp; Remeikis &amp; Davis" authorityYear="2014" box="[550,632,1713,1737]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cana" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B906EAD4FFD3FFA30007F9344B17F95B" box="[550,632,1713,1737]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="351">S. cana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B906EAD4FFD3FFA300A1F9344BB6F958" bold="true" box="[640,729,1713,1738]" pageId="30" pageNumber="351">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23557AFFFD3FFA300A1F9344BB6F958" box="[640,729,1713,1738]" pageId="30" pageNumber="351" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C724D45FFD3FFA300C6F9344A0DF95B" authority="Stonis &amp; Remeikis &amp; Davis, 2014" authorityName="Stonis &amp; Remeikis &amp; Davis" authorityYear="2014" box="[743,866,1713,1737]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B906EAD4FFD3FFA300C6F9344A0DF95B" box="[743,866,1713,1737]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="351">S. truncata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B906EAD4FFD3FFA30149F9344AADF958" bold="true" box="[872,962,1713,1738]" pageId="30" pageNumber="351">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23557AFFFD3FFA30149F9344AADF958" box="[872,962,1713,1738]" pageId="30" pageNumber="351" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
) were collected around the Lenga beech
<taxonomicName id="4C724D45FFD3FFA302B6F9504BF5F97F" authority="(Poepp. &amp; Endl.) Krasser" authorityName="Krasser" authorityYear="1896" baseAuthorityName="Poepp. &amp; Endl." box="[151,666,1749,1774]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="351" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pumilio">
<emphasis id="B906EAD4FFD3FFA302B6F950481AF97F" box="[151,373,1749,1773]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="351">Nothofagus pumilio</emphasis>
(Poepp. &amp; Endl.) Krasser
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C724D45FFD3FFA30084F9504A3FF97C" authorityName="Kuprianova" authorityYear="1962" box="[677,848,1749,1774]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="351" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Nothofagaceae</taxonomicName>
, but there is insufficient evidence that
<taxonomicName id="4C724D45FFD3FFA30720F9504CEDF97F" box="[1281,1410,1749,1773]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="351" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAD4FFD3FFA30720F9504CEDF97F" box="[1281,1410,1749,1773]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="351">Nothofagus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the host-plant.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD36C6FFD3FFA302E6F8984B95F8C8" blockId="30.[151,1436,1173,1882]" pageId="30" pageNumber="351">Distribution and taxonomic diversity: the group currently comprises 7 species (all described as new in the current paper, and all occurring in the southern Andes.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>