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<mods:title id="A61235BF98410DC4100131710B96E916">Untold diversity: the astonishing species richness of the Notodelphyidae (Copepoda: Cyclopoida), a family of symbiotic copepods associated with ascidians (Tunicata)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="051A7972A50D059ECD4572C88ED1AC60">Kim, Il-Hoi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="12CB0CF171588A1A4B471579BF1FADC8">Korea Institute of Coastal Ecology, Inc., 802 - ho, 302 - dong, 397 Seokcheon-ro, Ojeong-gu, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do 14449, Republic of Korea ® ihkim @ gwnu. ac. kr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7332 - 0043</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DBFDAD47CDDFA90ACDEFF6E337FF9D28">Boxshall, Geoff A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2D99A84C3E8E5011E579C62AFF4A690B">Korea Institute of Coastal Ecology, Inc., 802 - ho, 302 - dong, 397 Seokcheon-ro, Ojeong-gu, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do 14449, Republic of Korea ® ihkim @ gwnu. ac. kr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7332 - 0043</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="6C52BD989DA1573012548006242D4F48">Megataxa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03C487CBEFD73AB2FF4DF8C3FD0EFAAC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6422204" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194474963" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6422204" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C487CBEFD73AB2FF4DF8C3FD0EFAAC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C487CBEFD73AB2FF4DF8C3FD0EFAAC" lastPageId="135" lastPageNumber="136" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">
<subSubSection id="C3776556EFD73AB3FF4DF8C3FDB4F8E6" box="[136,625,1805,1832]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD236DDEFD73AB3FF4DF8C3FDB4F8E6" blockId="134.[136,625,1805,1832]" box="[136,625,1805,1832]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">
<heading id="D09A81B1EFD73AB3FF4DF8C3FDB4F8E6" bold="true" box="[136,625,1805,1832]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD73AB3FF4DF8C3FDB4F8E6" bold="true" box="[136,625,1805,1832]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EEFD73AB3FF1AF8C3FDB4F8E6" authority="Leuckart, 1859" authorityName="Leuckart" authorityYear="1859" box="[223,625,1805,1832]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Notopterophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD73AB3FF1AF8C3FE69F8E9" bold="true" box="[223,428,1805,1832]" italics="true" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Notopterophorus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2CEFD73AB3FE71F8C0FDB4F8E6" author="Leuckart, R." box="[436,625,1805,1832]" journalOrPublisher="Archiv f ̡ r Naturgeschichte" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" pagination="232 - 266" part="25" refId="ref329666" refString="Leuckart, R. (1859) Carcinologisches. Archiv f ̡ r Naturgeschichte, 25 (1), 232 - 266, pls 6 - 7. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 7027" title="Carcinologisches" type="journal article" year="1859">Leuckart, 1859</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3776556EFD73AB3FF4DF89FFAA1FA70" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD236DDEFD73AB3FF4DF89FFAF8FB60" blockId="134.[136,778,1873,2070]" lastBlockId="134.[810,1452,173,1186]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD73AB3FF4DF89FFF3EF8AA" bold="true" box="[136,251,1873,1899]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Female body with large brood pouch, often extending from third pedigeroussomite backwards, incorporating fourth pedigerous somite and most of fifth. First to third or fourth pedigerous somites each typically with paired dorsal wing-like extensions; extensions often terminating in slender tapering process(es). Free urosome 5-segmented in female consisting of genital somite and 4 abdominal somites. Urosome 6-segmented in male. Anal somite often with processes. Caudal rami curved; armed with 4 claws and 2 setae. Rostrum welldeveloped. Female antennule 8- or 9-segmented, with first and second segments typically broader than distal segments: segmental fusion pattern I-II, III-XI, XII-XIV, XV-XVI, XVII-XX, XXI-XXIII, XXIV, XXV, XXVI-XXVIII; or with additional compound segment XII-XVI in 8-segmented species. Male antennule typically 9-segmented; non-geniculate. Antenna consistingof coxa, basis, and 2-segmented endopod or with allobasis incorporating first endopodal segment and 1-segmented free endopod; exopod reduced to seta or absent. Mandible with well developed coxal gnathobase and biramous palparmedwith 1 setaon basis, 5 setaeon exopod, and 4 and 10 setae on first and second endopodal segments, respectively (3 and
<quantity id="4C959B38EFD73AB3FBCBFD21FBFEFCC8" box="[1038,1083,751,777]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" unit="in" value="8.0">8 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EEFD73AB3FB81FD3EFB7BFCC8" authority="Kim &amp; Boxshall, 2020" authorityName="Kim &amp; Boxshall" authorityYear="2020" box="[1092,1214,751,777]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Notopterophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glabrus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD73AB3FB81FD3EFB7BFCC8" box="[1092,1214,751,777]" italics="true" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">N. glabrus</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD73AB3FB02FD21FADBFCC8" bold="true" box="[1223,1310,751,777]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
). Maxillule with 10 setaeon arthrite, 1 on coxal endite, 2 on epipodite, and 3 on medial margin of basis; exopod unsegmented with 4 setae distally; endopod 2-segmented with variable setation on first and second segments; unsegmented in some species. Maxilla indistinctly 5-segmented, syncoxa enditic formula 4, 1, 2, 3, or reduced; basis with claw plus 2 setae, 3-segmented endopod with setal formula 1, 1, 3 or 4. Maxilliped 3-segmented and armed with 9 setae on first segment, 1 on second and 4 on third (rarely 3). Legs 1–4 biramous with 3-segmented exopods and 2-segmented endopods; first exopodal segment of legs 2–4 typically elongate; armature formula of female typically:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD236DDEFD73AB3FC9AFAB8FAA1FA70" blockId="134.[810,1452,1397,2070]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Leg 5 consistingof large protopod fused to somite and free exopodal segment armed with 2 elements.</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3776556EFD73AB3FC9AFA74FCACFA34" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8BD236DDEFD73AB3FC9AFA74FCACFA34" blockId="134.[810,1452,1397,2070]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD73AB3FC9AFA74FC37FA12" bold="true" box="[863,1010,1465,1492]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">
<typeStatus id="54D6887FEFD73AB3FC9AFA74FC5FFA15" box="[863,922,1466,1492]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Type</typeStatus>
species
</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EEFD73AB3FBC5FA77FCA0FA34" authority="Buchholz, 1869" authorityName="Buchholz" authorityYear="1869" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Notopterophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongatus">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD73AB3FBC5FA77FAF7FA12" box="[1024,1330,1465,1491]" italics="true" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Notopterophorus elongatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2CEFD73AB3FAFCFA77FCA0FA34" author="Buchholz, R." journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift f ̡ r wissenschaftliche Zoologie" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" pagination="99 - 155" part="19" refId="ref327368" refString="Buchholz, R. (1869) Beitrage zur Kenntniss der innerhalb der Ascidien lebenden parasitischen Crustaceen des Mittelmeeres. Zeitschrift f ̡ r wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 19, 99 - 155, pls. 5 - 11. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 53715" title="Beitrage zur Kenntniss der innerhalb der Ascidien lebenden parasitischen Crustaceen des Mittelmeeres" type="journal article" year="1869">Buchholz, 1869</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3776556EFD73AB2FC9AFA30FD0EFAAC" lastPageId="135" lastPageNumber="136" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD236DDEFD73AB2FC9AFA30FEADFD07" blockId="134.[810,1452,1397,2070]" lastBlockId="135.[136,778,173,1390]" lastPageId="135" lastPageNumber="136" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD73AB3FC9AFA30FC09F9D9" bold="true" box="[863,972,1534,1560]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Remarks</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EEFD73AB3FC21FA33FB67F9D6" authorityName="Leuckart" authorityYear="1859" box="[996,1186,1533,1559]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Notopterophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD73AB3FC21FA33FB67F9D6" box="[996,1186,1533,1559]" italics="true" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Notopterophorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a problem genus; indeed, itliesatthefocalpointof aclusterof nomenclatural and taxonomic problems. Firstly, as noted by many previous authors,
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EEFD73AB3FC39F9ADFB7FF9BC" authorityName="Leuckart" authorityYear="1859" box="[1020,1210,1635,1661]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Notopterophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD73AB3FC39F9ADFB7FF9BC" box="[1020,1210,1635,1661]" italics="true" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Notopterophorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2CEFD73AB3FB2CF9AAFAB1F9BF" author="Costa, O. G." box="[1257,1396,1636,1662]" journalOrPublisher="Napoli, Azzolino &amp; Compagno" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" pagination="1 - 7" refId="ref327648" refString="Costa, O. G. (1840) Catalogo dei Crostacei. In: Fauna del Regno di Napoli ossia enumerazione di tutti gli animali che abitano le diverse regioni di questo regno e le acque che le bagnano, contenente la descrizione de nuovi o poco esattamente conosciuti, con figure ricavate da originali viventi e dipinte al naturale. Napoli, Azzolino &amp; Compagno, pp. 1 - 7." title="Catalogo dei Crostacei" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Fauna del Regno di Napoli ossia enumerazione di tutti gli animali che abitano le diverse regioni di questo regno e le acque che le bagnano, contenente la descrizione de nuovi o poco esattamente conosciuti, con figure ricavate da originali viventi e dipinte al naturale" year="1840">
<collectingRegion id="49A9F83FEFD73AB3FB2CF9AAFAE9F9BF" box="[1257,1324,1636,1662]" country="Tanzania" name="Pwani" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Costa</collectingRegion>
, 1840
</bibRefCitation>
is a
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD73AB3FCEFF948FC0DF95E" box="[810,968,1669,1695]" italics="true" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">nomen nudum</emphasis>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2CEFD73AB3FC12F948FB9CF961" author="Sars, G. O." box="[983,1113,1670,1696]" journalOrPublisher="Monstrilloida and Notodelphyoida, Bergen" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" pagination="1 - 91" refId="ref330626" refString="Sars, G. O. (1921) An account of the Crustacea of Norway with short descriptions and figures of all the species, Vol. 8. Copepoda. Monstrilloida and Notodelphyoida, Bergen, pp. 1 - 91, pls. 1 - 37." title="An account of the Crustacea of Norway with short descriptions and figures of all the species, Vol. 8. Copepoda" type="book chapter" year="1921">Sars (1921)</bibRefCitation>
attributed this genus to
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2CEFD73AB3FAA9F948FCB1F903" author="Costa, O. G." journalOrPublisher="Napoli, Azzolino &amp; Compagno" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" pagination="1 - 4" refId="ref327722" refString="Costa, O. G. (1852) Catalogo dei Crostacei. Entomostraca. In: Fauna del Regno di Napoli ossia enumerazione di tutti gli animali che abitano le diverse regioni di questo regno e le acque che le bagnano, contenente la descrizione de nuovi o poco esattamente conosciuti, con figure ricavate da originali viventi e dipinte al naturale. Napoli, Azzolino &amp; Compagno, pls. 1 - 4." title="Catalogo dei Crostacei. Entomostraca" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Fauna del Regno di Napoli ossia enumerazione di tutti gli animali che abitano le diverse regioni di questo regno e le acque che le bagnano, contenente la descrizione de nuovi o poco esattamente conosciuti, con figure ricavate da originali viventi e dipinte al naturale" year="1852">
<collectingRegion id="49A9F83FEFD73AB3FAA9F948FA69F961" box="[1388,1452,1670,1696]" country="Tanzania" name="Pwani" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Costa</collectingRegion>
(1852)
</bibRefCitation>
as this publication included a plate of figures some of which clearly represented a
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EEFD73AB3FB51F907FA97F922" authorityName="Leuckart" authorityYear="1859" box="[1172,1362,1737,1763]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Notopterophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD73AB3FB51F907FA97F922" box="[1172,1362,1737,1763]" italics="true" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Notopterophorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2CEFD73AB3FAA1F907FC15F8C7" author="Illg, P. L. &amp; Dudley, P. L." journalOrPublisher="Pubblicazioni della Stazione Zoologica di Napoli" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" pagination="373 - 451" part="34" refId="ref329106" refString="Illg, P. L. &amp; Dudley, P. L. (1965) Notodelphyid copepods from the vicinity of Naples. Pubblicazioni della Stazione Zoologica di Napoli, 34, 373 - 451." title="Notodelphyid copepods from the vicinity of Naples" type="journal article" year="1965">
Illg &amp;
<collectingRegion id="49A9F83FEFD73AB3FCEFF925FCB9F8C4" box="[810,892,1771,1797]" country="United Kingdom" name="Dudley" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Dudley</collectingRegion>
(1965)
</bibRefCitation>
considered this issue at some length and finally attributed the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EEFD73AB3FBA6F8C3FAE4F8E6" authorityName="Leuckart" authorityYear="1859" box="[1123,1313,1805,1831]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Notopterophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD73AB3FBA6F8C3FAE4F8E6" box="[1123,1313,1805,1831]" italics="true" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Notopterophorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2CEFD73AB3FA8DF8C3FCB2F88B" author="Leuckart, R." journalOrPublisher="Archiv f ̡ r Naturgeschichte" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" pagination="232 - 266" part="25" refId="ref329666" refString="Leuckart, R. (1859) Carcinologisches. Archiv f ̡ r Naturgeschichte, 25 (1), 232 - 266, pls 6 - 7. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 7027" title="Carcinologisches" type="journal article" year="1859">Leuckart (1859)</bibRefCitation>
. This treatment was followed by
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2CEFD73AB3FB2EF8FEFABAF88B" author="Gotto, R. V." box="[1259,1407,1840,1866]" editor="Doris, M. &amp; Kermack, R. S. &amp; Barnes, K. &amp; Crothers, J. H." journalOrPublisher="Published for The Linnean Society of London &amp; The Estuarine and Coastal Sciences Association" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" pagination="1 - 264" refId="ref328213" refString="Gotto, R. V. (1993) Commensal and Parasitic Copepods Associated with Marine Invertebrates (and Whales). In: Doris, M., Kermack, R. S., Barnes, K. &amp; Crothers, J. H. (Eds.), Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series), 46. Published for The Linnean Society of London &amp; The Estuarine and Coastal Sciences Association, pp. 1 - 264." title="Commensal and Parasitic Copepods Associated with Marine Invertebrates (and Whales)" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series)" year="1993">Gotto (1993)</bibRefCitation>
, for example, but has not been universally adopted. Secondly, species delimitation is an historic problem within the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EEFD73AB3FCB2F858FBF0F871" authorityName="Leuckart" authorityYear="1859" box="[887,1077,1942,1968]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Notopterophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD73AB3FCB2F858FBF0F871" box="[887,1077,1942,1968]" italics="true" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Notopterophorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2CEFD73AB3FB8CF858FA83F871" author="Illg, P. L. &amp; Dudley, P. L." box="[1097,1350,1941,1968]" journalOrPublisher="Pubblicazioni della Stazione Zoologica di Napoli" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" pagination="373 - 451" part="34" refId="ref329106" refString="Illg, P. L. &amp; Dudley, P. L. (1965) Notodelphyid copepods from the vicinity of Naples. Pubblicazioni della Stazione Zoologica di Napoli, 34, 373 - 451." title="Notodelphyid copepods from the vicinity of Naples" type="journal article" year="1965">
Illg &amp;
<collectingRegion id="49A9F83FEFD73AB3FB58F858FB2AF871" box="[1181,1263,1942,1968]" country="United Kingdom" name="Dudley" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Dudley</collectingRegion>
(1965)
</bibRefCitation>
devoted considerable effort into the careful analysis of the nominal species and their diagnostic features in their study of the notodelphyids from the vicinity of Naples. They recognized five species as valid, providing redescriptions of three of them:
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EEFD63AB2FE8DFF1EFD55FF28" authority="Buchholz, 1869" authorityName="Buchholz" authorityYear="1869" box="[328,656,207,233]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Notopterophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongatus">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD63AB2FE8DFF1EFE13FF28" box="[328,470,207,233]" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">N. elongatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2CEFD63AB2FE19FF01FD55FF28" author="Buchholz, R." box="[476,656,207,233]" journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift f ̡ r wissenschaftliche Zoologie" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" pagination="99 - 155" part="19" refId="ref327368" refString="Buchholz, R. (1869) Beitrage zur Kenntniss der innerhalb der Ascidien lebenden parasitischen Crustaceen des Mittelmeeres. Zeitschrift f ̡ r wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 19, 99 - 155, pls. 5 - 11. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 53715" title="Beitrage zur Kenntniss der innerhalb der Ascidien lebenden parasitischen Crustaceen des Mittelmeeres" type="journal article" year="1869">Buchholz, 1869</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EEFD63AB2FD5FFF1EFED1FECA" authority="Hesse, 1864" authorityName="Hesse" authorityYear="1864" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Notopterophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papilio">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD63AB2FD5FFF1EFCCCFF28" box="[666,777,207,233]" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">N. papilio</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2CEFD63AB2FF4DFF3FFED1FECA" author="Hesse, E." box="[136,276,241,267]" journalOrPublisher="Annales des Sciences naturelles, Zoologie" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" pagination="333 - 358" part="5" refId="ref328394" refString="Hesse, E. (1864) Observations sur des Crustaces rares ou nouveaux des cotes de France. Annales des Sciences naturelles, Zoologie, 5 (1), 333 - 358, pls 11 - 12." title="Observations sur des Crustaces rares ou nouveaux des cotes de France" type="journal article" year="1864">Hesse, 1864</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EEFD63AB2FE8BFF3CFDBFFECA" authority="Giesbrecht, 1882" authorityName="Giesbrecht" authorityYear="1882" box="[334,634,241,267]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Notopterophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elatus">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD63AB2FE8BFF3CFE74FECA" box="[334,433,241,267]" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">N. elatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2CEFD63AB2FE7DFF3FFDBFFECA" author="Giesbrecht, W." box="[440,634,241,267]" journalOrPublisher="Mittheilungen aus der Zoologischen Station zu Neapel" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" pagination="293 - 372" part="3" refId="ref328092" refString="Giesbrecht, W. (1882) BeitragezurKenntniseinigerNotodelphyiden. Mittheilungen aus der Zoologischen Station zu Neapel, 3, 293 - 372, pls. 22 - 24." title="BeitragezurKenntniseinigerNotodelphyiden" type="journal article" year="1882">Giesbrecht, 1882</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and treating two others as valid,
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EEFD63AB2FEBBFEDAFD6AFEEF" authority="(Thorell, 1859)" baseAuthorityName="Thorell" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[382,687,275,302]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Notopterophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auritus">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD63AB2FEBBFEDAFE37FEEC" box="[382,498,276,301]" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">N. auritus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2CEFD63AB2FDC2FEDDFD62FEEF" author="Thorell, T." box="[519,679,275,302]" journalOrPublisher="Kongliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens handlingar" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" pagination="1 - 84" part="3" refId="ref331272" refString="Thorell, T. (1859) Bidrag til Kannedomen om Krustaceer som lefva i arter af Slagtet Ascidia L. Kongliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens handlingar, 3 (8), 1 - 84. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 58671" title="Bidrag til Kannedomen om Krustaceer som lefva i arter af Slagtet Ascidia L" type="journal article" year="1859">Thorell, 1859</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EEFD63AB2FD35FEDAFE03FE8E" authority="Sars G. O., 1921" authorityName="Sars G. O." authorityYear="1921" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Notopterophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micropterus">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD63AB2FD35FEDAFECBFE8E" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">N. micropterus</emphasis>
Sars G.O., 1921
</taxonomicName>
. The painstaking study of
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2CEFD63AB2FD26FEFBFE8EFEB3" author="Illg, P. L. &amp; Dudley, P. L." journalOrPublisher="Pubblicazioni della Stazione Zoologica di Napoli" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" pagination="373 - 451" part="34" refId="ref329106" refString="Illg, P. L. &amp; Dudley, P. L. (1965) Notodelphyid copepods from the vicinity of Naples. Pubblicazioni della Stazione Zoologica di Napoli, 34, 373 - 451." title="Notodelphyid copepods from the vicinity of Naples" type="journal article" year="1965">
Illg &amp;
<collectingRegion id="49A9F83FEFD63AB2FF63FE99FF3DFEB0" box="[166,248,343,369]" country="United Kingdom" name="Dudley" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">Dudley</collectingRegion>
(1965)
</bibRefCitation>
also established numerous synonymies between early species records that were incompletely or inadequately described by
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2CEFD63AB2FE03FE55FD9AFE77" author="Costa, O. G." box="[454,607,411,438]" journalOrPublisher="Napoli, Azzolino &amp; Compagno" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" pagination="1 - 4" refId="ref327722" refString="Costa, O. G. (1852) Catalogo dei Crostacei. Entomostraca. In: Fauna del Regno di Napoli ossia enumerazione di tutti gli animali che abitano le diverse regioni di questo regno e le acque che le bagnano, contenente la descrizione de nuovi o poco esattamente conosciuti, con figure ricavate da originali viventi e dipinte al naturale. Napoli, Azzolino &amp; Compagno, pls. 1 - 4." title="Catalogo dei Crostacei. Entomostraca" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Fauna del Regno di Napoli ossia enumerazione di tutti gli animali che abitano le diverse regioni di questo regno e le acque che le bagnano, contenente la descrizione de nuovi o poco esattamente conosciuti, con figure ricavate da originali viventi e dipinte al naturale" year="1852">
<collectingRegion id="49A9F83FEFD63AB2FE03FE55FDC3FE74" box="[454,518,411,437]" country="Tanzania" name="Pwani" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">Costa</collectingRegion>
(1852)
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2CEFD63AB2FDB4FE55FCC3FE74" author="Hesse, E." box="[625,774,411,437]" journalOrPublisher="Annales des Sciences naturelles, Zoologie" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" pagination="333 - 358" part="5" refId="ref328394" refString="Hesse, E. (1864) Observations sur des Crustaces rares ou nouveaux des cotes de France. Annales des Sciences naturelles, Zoologie, 5 (1), 333 - 358, pls 11 - 12." title="Observations sur des Crustaces rares ou nouveaux des cotes de France" type="journal article" year="1864">Hesse (1864</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2CEFD63AB2FF4DFE73FF01FE19" author="Hesse, E." box="[136,196,445,472]" journalOrPublisher="Annales des Sciences naturelles, Zoologie" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" pagination="287 - 308" part="5" refId="ref328514" refString="Hesse, E. (1869) Description d'un nouveau genre de Crustaces habitant les ascidies et de quelques especes du meme groupe. Annales des Sciences naturelles, Zoologie, 5 (11), 287 - 308." title="Description d'un nouveau genre de Crustaces habitant les ascidies et de quelques especes du meme groupe" type="journal article" year="1869">1869</bibRefCitation>
),
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2CEFD63AB2FF25FE73FE6DFE19" author="Buchholz, R." box="[224,424,445,472]" journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift f ̡ r wissenschaftliche Zoologie" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" pagination="99 - 155" part="19" refId="ref327368" refString="Buchholz, R. (1869) Beitrage zur Kenntniss der innerhalb der Ascidien lebenden parasitischen Crustaceen des Mittelmeeres. Zeitschrift f ̡ r wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 19, 99 - 155, pls. 5 - 11. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 53715" title="Beitrage zur Kenntniss der innerhalb der Ascidien lebenden parasitischen Crustaceen des Mittelmeeres" type="journal article" year="1869">Buchholz (1869)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2CEFD63AB2FE78FE73FDB8FE19" author="Leuckart, R." box="[445,637,445,472]" journalOrPublisher="Archiv f ̡ r Naturgeschichte" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" pagination="232 - 266" part="25" refId="ref329666" refString="Leuckart, R. (1859) Carcinologisches. Archiv f ̡ r Naturgeschichte, 25 (1), 232 - 266, pls 6 - 7. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 7027" title="Carcinologisches" type="journal article" year="1859">Leuckart (1859)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2CEFD63AB2FD55FE73FF10FE38" author="Aurivillius, C. W. S." journalOrPublisher="Ofversigt af Kongl. Vetenskaps-Akademiens F orhandlingar" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" pagination="41 - 117" part="8" refId="ref326925" refString="Aurivillius, C. W. S. (1882) Bidrag till kannedomen om Krustaceer, som lefva hos Mollusker och Tunikater. Ofversigt af Kongl. Vetenskaps-Akademiens F orhandlingar, 8, 41 - 117, p 1 s. 13 - 16." title="Bidrag till kannedomen om Krustaceer, som lefva hos Mollusker och Tunikater" type="journal article" year="1882">Aurivillius (1882)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2CEFD63AB2FF27FE11FE62FE38" author="Kerschner, L." box="[226,423,479,505]" journalOrPublisher="Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" pagination="155 - 196" part="41" refId="ref329286" refString="Kerschner, L. (1879) Uber zwei neue Notodelphyiden nebst Bemerkungen ʾ ber einige Organisationsverhaltnisse dieser Familie. Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, 41 L, 155 - 196, pls. 1 - 6." title="Uber zwei neue Notodelphyiden nebst Bemerkungen ʾ ber einige Organisationsverhaltnisse dieser Familie" type="journal article" year="1879">Kerschner (1879)</bibRefCitation>
and others. In his synoposis of the British fauna
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2CEFD63AB2FE95FDCFFE21FDDA" author="Gotto, R. V." box="[336,484,513,539]" editor="Doris, M. &amp; Kermack, R. S. &amp; Barnes, K. &amp; Crothers, J. H." journalOrPublisher="Published for The Linnean Society of London &amp; The Estuarine and Coastal Sciences Association" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" pagination="1 - 264" refId="ref328213" refString="Gotto, R. V. (1993) Commensal and Parasitic Copepods Associated with Marine Invertebrates (and Whales). In: Doris, M., Kermack, R. S., Barnes, K. &amp; Crothers, J. H. (Eds.), Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series), 46. Published for The Linnean Society of London &amp; The Estuarine and Coastal Sciences Association, pp. 1 - 264." title="Commensal and Parasitic Copepods Associated with Marine Invertebrates (and Whales)" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series)" year="1993">Gotto (1993)</bibRefCitation>
included four species,
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EEFD63AB2FD35FDCCFF12FDFC" baseAuthorityName="Thorell" baseAuthorityYear="1859" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Notopterophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auritus">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD63AB2FD35FDCCFF12FDFC" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">N. auritus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EEFD63AB2FF20FDEAFE8CFDFC" authorityName="Giesbrecht" authorityYear="1882" box="[229,329,547,573]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Notopterophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elatus">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD63AB2FF20FDEAFE8CFDFC" box="[229,329,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">N. elatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EEFD63AB2FE93FDEAFE21FDFC" authorityName="Buchholz" authorityYear="1869" box="[342,484,547,573]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Notopterophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongatus">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD63AB2FE93FDEAFE21FDFC" box="[342,484,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">N. elongatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EEFD63AB2FDE4FDEAFD55FDFC" authorityName="Hesse" authorityYear="1864" box="[545,656,547,573]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Notopterophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papilio">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD63AB2FDE4FDEAFD55FDFC" box="[545,656,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">N. papilio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Currently five species are listed as valid in the World of
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EEFD63AB2FD5DFD8BFE70FD40" authority="(Walter &amp; Boxshall, 2020)" baseAuthorityName="Walter &amp; Boxshall" baseAuthorityYear="2020" class="Copepoda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="class">
Copepoda (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2CEFD63AB2FF4AFDA9FE68FD40" accessDate="2020-02-18" author="Walter, T. C. &amp; Boxshall, G." box="[143,429,615,641]" journalOrPublisher="Notodelphyidae Dana" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" publicationUrl="http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&amp;id=106421" refId="ref331321" refString="Walter, T. C. &amp; Boxshall, G. (2020) World of Copepods database. Notodelphyidae Dana, 1853. Available from: http: // www. marinespecies. org / aphia. php? p = taxdetails &amp; id = 106421 (accessed 18 February 2020)" title="World of Copepods database" type="url" year="2020">Walter &amp; Boxshall, 2020</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EEFD63AB2FE7AFDA6FDA0FD40" box="[447,613,616,641]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Notopterophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micropterus">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD63AB2FE7AFDA6FDA0FD40" box="[447,613,616,641]" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">N. micropterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EEFD63AB2FDB6FDA6FD27FD40" baseAuthorityName="Thorell" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[627,738,616,641]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Notopterophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auritus">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD63AB2FDB6FDA6FD27FD40" box="[627,738,616,641]" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">N. auritus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EEFD63AB2FD35FDA6FF30FD62" authorityName="Buchholz" authorityYear="1869" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Notopterophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongatus">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD63AB2FD35FDA6FF30FD62" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">N. elongatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EEFD63AB2FEC1FD44FEB0FD62" authorityName="Hesse" authorityYear="1864" box="[260,373,649,675]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Notopterophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papilio">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD63AB2FEC1FD44FEB0FD62" box="[260,373,649,675]" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">N. papilio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EEFD63AB2FE6BFD44FDD6FD62" authorityName="Giesbrecht" authorityYear="1882" box="[430,531,649,675]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Notopterophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elatus">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD63AB2FE6BFD44FDD6FD62" box="[430,531,649,675]" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">N. elatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—all widely recorded in European waters.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD236DDEFD63AB2FF78FD03FD0EFAAC" blockId="135.[136,778,173,1390]" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">
Various characters, including the positions of the 2 caudal setae, the setation of particular appendages, and even the relative lengths of setae and spines on these appendages, have been highlighted as useful in species discrimination. However, after careful comparison between the appendages of the described species, we have failed to find reliable differences between species. Our comparisons excluded
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EEFD63AB2FE1FFC72FCCFFC14" authority="Hesse, 1871" authorityName="Hesse" authorityYear="1871" box="[474,778,955,982]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Notopterophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cristatus">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD63AB2FE1FFC72FE28FC14" box="[474,493,956,981]" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">N</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD63AB2FDC0FC72FDA0FC14" box="[517,613,956,981]" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">cristatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2CEFD63AB2FDB2FC72FCCFFC14" author="Hesse, E." box="[631,778,955,982]" journalOrPublisher="Annales des Sciences naturelles, Zoologie" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" pagination="1 - 50" part="15" refId="ref328554" refString="Hesse, E. (1871) Observations sur les Crustaces rares ou nouveaux des cotes de France. Annales des Sciences naturelles, Zoologie, 5, 15 (2), 1 - 50, pls 1 - 2." title="Observations sur les Crustaces rares ou nouveaux des cotes de France" type="journal article" year="1871">Hesse, 1871</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
which is a
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD63AB2FECAFC10FE3CFC36" box="[271,505,989,1015]" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">species inquirendum</emphasis>
. Some characters have been recognized as variable: for example, the endopod of the maxillule has been described as having either 6 or 7 setae.
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2CEFD63AB2FF15FB8DFE96FB9C" author="Sars, G. O." box="[208,339,1091,1117]" journalOrPublisher="Monstrilloida and Notodelphyoida, Bergen" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" pagination="1 - 91" refId="ref330626" refString="Sars, G. O. (1921) An account of the Crustacea of Norway with short descriptions and figures of all the species, Vol. 8. Copepoda. Monstrilloida and Notodelphyoida, Bergen, pp. 1 - 91, pls. 1 - 37." title="An account of the Crustacea of Norway with short descriptions and figures of all the species, Vol. 8. Copepoda" type="book chapter" year="1921">Sars (1921)</bibRefCitation>
figured the 7 (4+3) setae condition of the endopod in
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EEFD63AB2FEFFFBA8FE69FBBE" baseAuthorityName="Thorell" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[314,428,1126,1152]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Notopterophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auritus">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD63AB2FEFFFBA8FE88FBBE" box="[314,333,1126,1151]" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">N</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD63AB2FE98FBA8FE69FBBE" box="[349,428,1126,1151]" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">auritus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but only 6 setae were present in one of our examined specimens.
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC4B2CEFD63AB2FDDCFB49FCCFFB63" author="Illg, P. L. &amp; Dudley, P. L." box="[537,778,1159,1186]" journalOrPublisher="Pubblicazioni della Stazione Zoologica di Napoli" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" pagination="373 - 451" part="34" refId="ref329106" refString="Illg, P. L. &amp; Dudley, P. L. (1965) Notodelphyid copepods from the vicinity of Naples. Pubblicazioni della Stazione Zoologica di Napoli, 34, 373 - 451." title="Notodelphyid copepods from the vicinity of Naples" type="journal article" year="1965">
Illg &amp;
<collectingRegion id="49A9F83FEFD63AB2FDA0FB49FD72FB60" box="[613,695,1159,1185]" country="United Kingdom" name="Dudley" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">Dudley</collectingRegion>
(1965)
</bibRefCitation>
reported that the setation could be either 6 or
<quantity id="4C959B38EFD63AB2FD71FB64FD21FB02" box="[692,740,1193,1220]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.778" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" unit="in" value="7.0">7 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EEFD63AB2FD35FB64FF12FB24" authorityName="Hesse" authorityYear="1864" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Notopterophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papilio">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD63AB2FD35FB64FCC6FB02" box="[752,771,1194,1219]" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">N</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD63AB2FF4DFB05FF12FB24" box="[136,215,1227,1253]" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">papilio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EEFD63AB2FED1FB02FE61FB24" authorityName="Buchholz" authorityYear="1869" box="[276,420,1227,1254]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Notopterophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongatus">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD63AB2FED1FB02FEE2FB24" box="[276,295,1228,1253]" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">N</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD63AB2FEF2FB05FE61FB24" box="[311,420,1227,1253]" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">elongatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In an individual of
<taxonomicName id="4C6D4D5EEFD63AB2FD52FB02FCCCFB24" authorityName="Hesse" authorityYear="1864" box="[663,777,1227,1254]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Notodelphyidae" genus="Notopterophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papilio">
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD63AB2FD52FB02FD6FFB24" box="[663,682,1228,1253]" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">N</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B919EACFEFD63AB2FD7FFB05FCCCFB24" box="[698,777,1227,1253]" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">papilio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
we observed the 6 and 5 setae conditions on different sides of the body. Given our current inadequate state of knowledge concerning variability exhibited within this genus, we here treat this variability as infraspecific.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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