132 lines
14 KiB
XML
132 lines
14 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="7C117AADD808ED9E3C270E6F1B233C33">The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E1F7CB9615703A526110B0A88B0454BE">Ramvilas, Ghosh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="3F59336D56B0C9BB46FF8065FCE4DF87" type="email">ramvilas@kufos.ac.in</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="165EA1659636A45C55F1D99F697E7C3F">Alderslade, Philip</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B0CF66610B117E6D1D7378230C124AA4">Ranjeet, Kutty</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="06AD24AEFED1720A1BCFA92D3D12B8B9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="46499FBE3B0AC3F7D9CC83F9890F6415">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="37459CD326672F9157B88D7B01643444">2023-02-07</mods:number>
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<treatment id="0388B6417B2FFF96FF56F8DBFE82FE46" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7640915" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209291144" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7640915" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0388B6417B2FFF96FF56F8DBFE82FE46" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0388B6417B2FFF96FF56F8DBFE82FE46" lastPageId="58" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B2FFF95FF56F8DBFAFDF8F3" box="[151,1283,1826,1853]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B2FFF95FF56F8DBFAFDF8F3" blockId="57.[151,1283,1826,1853]" box="[151,1283,1826,1853]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<heading id="D0D6B03B7B2FFF95FF56F8DBFAFDF8F3" bold="true" box="[151,1283,1826,1853]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B2FFF95FF56F8DBFAFDF8F3" ID-CoL="6DVCH" authority="Thomson & Crane, 1909" authorityName="Thomson & Crane" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,1283,1826,1853]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Echinomuricea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="variety" species="uliginosa" variety="tenerior">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B2FFF95FF56F8DBFAFDF8F3" bold="true" box="[151,1283,1826,1853]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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Echinomuricea uliginosa
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B2FFF95FE10F8DAFCDAF8F3" author="Thomson, J. A. & Simpson, J. J." box="[465,804,1826,1853]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" refId="ref108792" refString="Thomson, J. A. & Simpson, J. J. (1909) An account of the alcyonarians collected by the Royal Indian Marine Survey Ship Investigator in the Indian Ocean. The Alcyonarians of the Littoral Area. The Indian Museum, Calcutta, 319 + xviii pp." type="book" year="1909">Thomson & Simpson, 1909</bibRefCitation>
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, var.
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B2FFF95FCA9F8DAFC36F8F2" bold="true" box="[872,968,1827,1853]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">tenerior</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B2FFF95FC0EF8DAFAFDF8F3" author="Thomson, J. A. & Crane, G." box="[975,1283,1826,1853]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="125 - 135" refId="ref108343" refString="Thomson, J. A. & Crane, G. (1909) The Alcyonarians of Okhamandal. In: Hornell, J. (Eds.), Report Government Baroda Marine Zoology of Okhamandal in Kattiawar. Part 1. Williams and Norgate, London, pp. 125 - 135." type="book chapter" year="1909">Thomson & Crane, 1909</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B2FFF95FF56F89EFD4CF851" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B2FFF95FF56F89EFD4CF851" blockId="57.[151,1436,1895,1950]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B2FFF95FF56F89EFC85F8B0" author="Thomson, J. A. & Crane, G." box="[151,891,1895,1919]" page="133" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" year="1909">
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B2FFF95FF56F89EFC85F8B0" authority="Thomson & Crane, 1909" authorityName="Thomson & Crane" authorityPageNumber="132-133" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,891,1895,1919]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Echinomuricea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="variety" species="uliginosa" variety="tenerior">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B2FFF95FF56F89EFE6BF8B0" box="[151,405,1895,1919]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Echinomuricea uliginosa</emphasis>
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var.
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B2FFF95FE04F891FDE9F8B0" box="[453,535,1896,1919]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">tenerior</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B2FFF95FDDDF89EFC85F8B0" author="Thomson, J. A. & Crane, G." box="[540,891,1895,1919]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="125 - 135" refId="ref108343" refString="Thomson, J. A. & Crane, G. (1909) The Alcyonarians of Okhamandal. In: Hornell, J. (Eds.), Report Government Baroda Marine Zoology of Okhamandal in Kattiawar. Part 1. Williams and Norgate, London, pp. 125 - 135." type="book chapter" year="1909">Thomson & Crane, 1909: 132–133</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, figs. 9, 10, 13 (Dwaraka,
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<collectingRegion id="49E5C9B57B2FFF95FB41F89EFB30F8B0" box="[1152,1230,1895,1919]" country="India" name="Gujarat" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Gujarat</collectingRegion>
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);
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B2FFF95FB23F89EFEC6F851" author="Thomson, J. A. & Crane, G." page="364" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" year="1909">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B2FFF95FB23F89EFEC6F851" author="Thomson, J. A. & Crane, G." pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="362 - 366" refId="ref108398" refString="Thomson, J. A. & Crane, G. (1909 a) Alcyonarians of the Gulf of Cutch. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8, 3, 362 - 366. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930908692591" type="journal article" year="1909">Thomson & Crane 1909a: 364</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(Dwaraka,
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<collectingRegion id="49E5C9B57B2FFF95FE6EF87FFE02F851" box="[431,508,1926,1950]" country="India" name="Gujarat" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Gujarat</collectingRegion>
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—same material).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B2FFF95FF56F835FC06F829" box="[151,1016,1996,2023]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B2FFF95FF56F835FC06F829" blockId="57.[151,1016,1996,2023]" box="[151,1016,1996,2023]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Opinion: This taxon does occur in the region but its true identity is unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B2CFF96FF56FF6EFE82FE46" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B2CFF96FF56FF6EFED7FF7E" blockId="58.[151,1437,151,393]" box="[151,297,151,177]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Justification:</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B2CFF96FF06FF42FE82FE46" blockId="58.[151,1437,151,393]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B2CFF96FF06FF42FE65FF1A" box="[199,411,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Literature analysis</emphasis>
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: Thomson & Crane’s description included an illustration of the unbranched colony and one of a portion in close-up, both drawn in an artistic fashion. There are also 7 sclerite drawings. The thornscales are not of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B2CFF96FF1DFEFAFE79FED2" box="[220,391,259,285]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Echinomuricea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B2CFF96FF1DFEFAFE79FED2" box="[220,391,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Echinomuricea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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form but are more like those of
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B2CFF96FD28FEFAFC83FED3" box="[745,893,259,284]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Paramuricea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B2CFF96FD28FEFAFC83FED3" box="[745,893,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Paramuricea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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or
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B2CFF96FC61FEFAFBD5FED2" box="[928,1067,259,285]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Placogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B2CFF96FC61FEFAFBD5FED2" box="[928,1067,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Placogorgia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and are very long. The surface of the coenenchyme is described as being covered in long warty spindles and the material appears to be quite different from that originally identified as
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B2CFF96FDCEFEB2FCD4FEAA" authorityName="Thomson & Simpson" authorityYear="1909" box="[527,810,331,357]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Echinomuricea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="uliginosa">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B2CFF96FDCEFEB2FCD4FEAA" box="[527,810,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Echinomuricea uliginosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by Thomson and Simpson.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B2CFF96FBA9FEB2FA62FEAA" author="Venkataraman, K. & Jeyabaskaran, R. & Raghuram, K. P. & Alfred, J. R. B." box="[1128,1436,331,357]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="1 - 468" refId="ref109845" refString="Venkataraman, K., Jeyabaskaran, R., Raghuram, K. P. & Alfred, J. R. B. (2004) Bibliography and checklist of corals and coral reef associated organisms of India. Records of the Zoological Survey of India. Kolkatta, Occasional Paper, 226, 1 - 468." type="journal article" year="2004">
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Venkataraman
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B2CFF96FAD0FEB2FABDFEAA" box="[1297,1347,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">et al</emphasis>
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. (2004)
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</bibRefCitation>
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just lists the species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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