124 lines
13 KiB
XML
124 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document id="B0C2C8DD3039298BC08E72C3777BCC4E" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4093.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="93e50923-ac4f-4bc5-93cc-4b1e825a8c1d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="267667" ID-ZooBank="ECC66298-6885-47B3-B797-8D30AA05927F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1458633050499" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Turon, Xavier, Cañete, Juan I., Sellanes, Javier, Rocha, Rosana M. & López-Legentil, Susanna" docDate="2016" docId="03C88E54FF8FFFA4FF77B15DFC6333F6" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4093.2.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4093 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Styela paessleri Michaelsen 1898" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="174" masterDocId="FFF1F62CFF99FFB3FFE0B677FFED3076" masterDocTitle="Ascidian fauna (Tunicata, Ascidiacea) of subantarctic and temperate regions of Chile" masterLastPageNumber="180" masterPageNumber="151" pageNumber="173" updateTime="1698185791852" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="194E334859D91119F30E9C33D6E715EB">
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<mods:title id="7FE5187C53FFAD978E0B8079BD620235">Ascidian fauna (Tunicata, Ascidiacea) of subantarctic and temperate regions of Chile</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="490CF39AE4BE52C7AC8F9F652D1ECED5">Turon, Xavier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="87C951ACEB8E8F5CC889E55D64857BB2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="435B237DE10CEBA2D57D4638FDC9CD3E">Cañete, Juan I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="360E05695A21871E9894D7D106192812">Sellanes, Javier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E6117616AAC57886D8F58C31A22A2C70">Rocha, Rosana M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6BD13B7F31BDF29B669E65686A8B3531">López-Legentil, Susanna</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="7E21BFB5892FDBB8DCE2858938485F2E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="07765B8AB748C6AC8BB1FBDC180B3203">
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<mods:date id="09EFBAB1DD2746E1C4C17DB2730B89B7">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="320C9CB6BB145AF145E2659FF5F18683">4093</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="8D42F649E77B3FC8C818F070E406FCBF">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="608598F1861A95C9AACC42C146CF41ED" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4093.2.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C88E54FF8FFFA4FF77B15DFC6333F6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5630342" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119208949" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5630342" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C88E54FF8FFFA4FF77B15DFC6333F6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88E54FF8FFFA4FF77B15DFC6333F6" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="174" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">
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<subSubSection id="C37B6CC9FF8FFFA5FF77B15DFEFA3713" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF8FFFA5FF77B15DFDAC3732" blockId="22.[151,577,1834,1893]" box="[151,577,1834,1860]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">
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<heading id="D096882EFF8FFFA5FF77B15DFDAC3732" bold="true" box="[151,577,1834,1860]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6144C1FF8FFFA5FF77B15DFDAC3732" authority="Michaelsen, 1898" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1898" box="[151,577,1834,1860]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Styela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paessleri">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF8FFFA5FF77B15DFDAC3732" bold="true" box="[151,577,1834,1860]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF8FFFA5FF77B15DFEBD3732" bold="true" box="[151,336,1834,1860]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">Styela paessleri</emphasis>
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(Michaelsen, 1898)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF8FFFA5FF77B13BFEFA3713" blockId="22.[151,577,1834,1893]" box="[151,279,1868,1893]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">
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<figureCitation id="135A23C7FF8FFFA5FF77B13BFF0E3713" box="[151,227,1868,1893]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1639,1661]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1601]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,195,1617]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 13. Styela changa. A, whole individual; B, C, dissected digestive system as seen from the branchial side (B) and from the mantle side (C); D, Specimens of Styela paessleri partially overgrown by Didemnum studeri; E, dissected mantle of an immature individual, branchial sac removed (stained material); F, anterior part of a larva. Scale bars: A, 2 mm, B, C, 0.5 mm, D, E, 1 cm, F, 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267680/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
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D–F
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37B6CC9FF8FFFA5FF77B1E3FE623786" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF8FFFA5FF77B1E3FC1F37DC" blockId="22.[151,1010,1940,1962]" box="[151,1010,1940,1962]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">
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References and synonymy:
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<taxonomicName id="4C6144C1FF8FFFA5FE4FB1E3FD3037DC" authority="Millar (1960)" authorityName="Millar" authorityYear="1960" box="[431,733,1940,1962]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Styela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paessleri">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF8FFFA5FE4FB1E3FDA337DC" box="[431,590,1940,1962]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">Styela paessleri</emphasis>
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Millar (1960)
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</taxonomicName>
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p. 115; Kott (1969) p. 121.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF8FFFA5FF77B1A0FE623786" blockId="22.[151,399,2007,2032]" box="[151,399,2007,2032]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">Localities: 1S, 4S, 8S.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37B6CC9FF8EFFA4FF27B6E0FD513299" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF8EFFA4FF27B6E0FE2C31FE" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,896]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">
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The individuals of this species tend to be cylindrical, up to
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<quantity id="4C9992A7FF8EFFA4FC98B6E0FC2430D9" box="[888,969,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" unit="mm" value="35.0">35 mm</quantity>
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in height, fixed posteriorly and with the siphons close together in the distal part. The tunic is firm, brownish, with wrinkles and tubercles. The internal morphology is typical of the genus. There are over 40 simple oral tentacles in large individuals. The aperture of the neural gland is variable (“U”, inverted “U”, or other shapes). The branchial sac has a smooth dorsal lamina and 4 folds. The second and fourth on each side (6–8 vessels on each) are less developed than the first and third (10–14 vessels). There are up to 10 stigmata per mesh between folds, crossed by parastigmatic vessels. The atrial area has a field of filiform papillae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF8EFFA4FF27B7E3FD513299" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,896]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">The digestive system has an elongated stomach with folds (over 15). The primary loop is closed (the descending intestine is adjacent to the stomach) and the secondary loop is very open. The final part of the intestine has a characteristic twist. It is bent towards the atrial opening, and at this level there is a narrowing of the intestine at which end lies the anus with a fringed margin. The gonads are characteristic, two at each side. They consist of a branched ovary and male follicles at the ends of the branches. The genital apertures (both male and female close together) are at the extreme of the gonads, and they generally point anteriorly, not towards the atrial siphon. Even in immature specimens, incipient branching gonads and their apertures are visible. In large individuals, accessory apertures exist at other parts of the branching gonad. There are plenty of endocarps at both sides of the mantle. In some specimens, embryos and larvae have been observed in the peribranchial cavity. The larvae have ca. 150 µm of trunk length and bear a single pigmented spot.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37B6CC9FF8EFFA4FF27B48BFC6333F6" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF8EFFA4FF27B48BFC6333F6" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,896]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF8EFFA4FF27B48BFED63363" bold="true" box="[199,315,764,789]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">Remarks.</emphasis>
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this species, characterized by its gonad morphology, is limited to
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<collectingCountry id="F3767FD2FF8EFFA4FBDDB48BFB153363" box="[1085,1272,764,789]" name="Falkland Islands" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">Falkland Islands</collectingCountry>
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and mainland Patagonia, down to
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<quantity id="4C9992A7FF8EFFA4FE9AB557FE2F3341" box="[378,450,800,824]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.21" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" unit="m" value="121.0">121 m</quantity>
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(Kott 1969). The fact that it is able to brood larvae had not been previously described and is extraordinary for a species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C6144C1FF8EFFA4FDD2B533FD9B332A" box="[562,630,836,860]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Styela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF8EFFA4FDD2B533FD9B332A" box="[562,630,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">Styela</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Brooding has been described only in a few solitary styelids, belonging to the genera
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<taxonomicName id="4C6144C1FF8EFFA4FECEB51FFE4133F6" box="[302,428,872,896]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Dendrodoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF8EFFA4FECEB51FFE4133F6" box="[302,428,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">Dendrodoa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C6144C1FF8EFFA4FE03B51FFC6733F6" authority="Perez-Portela et al. 2009" authorityName="Perez-Portela et al." authorityYear="2009" box="[483,906,871,896]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polycarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF8EFFA4FE03B51FFDB533F6" box="[483,600,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">Polycarpa</emphasis>
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(Pérez-Portela
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF8EFFA4FCE6B51EFCD333F6" box="[774,830,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">et al.</emphasis>
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2009)
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |