231 lines
24 KiB
XML
231 lines
24 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="F0C9EBEBBB5918B64F2515E7A7C3A2FF">Recent surveys of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from China. I. Rhinolophidae and Hipposideridae</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="2E0E45A6516D1D9A11EB4217FABF7FA8" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="5BC98496CFE0CE9BA0BD954ACB7A93F1">Zhang, Libiao</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6394ADD95CF96C6C3CE31F86231FFE67">Guangdong Entomological Institute, 105 Xingang Xilu, Haizhu, Guangzhou, 510260 China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9668D0DA2ADCF3D5B04B76E8BC463ADE">Jones, Gareth</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="64BD4C7BF57E85C77757BEA6D143FF14">School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Woodland Road, Bristol, BS 8 1 UG, United Kingdom</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="86A8F96D7ED36478628221503ED891EA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="38D4926C433BFBC8B807B5585C2D6D5C">Zhang, Jinshuo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1F0ECBF4D54711C86E2E65A6E937A2FD">Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 - 5 Beichen Xilu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101 China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6F3FBDAAE1208DF0BB0A8AF4ABF7E5D5">Zhu, Guangjian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="95384C9B2D05074F7C442A22B6FA40B8">Guangdong Entomological Institute, 105 Xingang Xilu, Haizhu, Guangzhou, 510260 China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FA47A9F3E3A656E2406ADA2F7B583213">Parsons, Stuart</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D685F9903B165A6B27E020C75DE4867D">School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag, Auckland, 92019 New Zealand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="99955B5FED4840813178B3F62EC8FD5C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="E06C0AFD6EDBC63E2C8EB5266BDDC8EA">Acta Chiropterologica</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="7F4E0D1356BAFCE321EC13A82518837D">
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<mods:date id="25C8409DE7D0051A28D53C766553F6FF">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D4409ABEB1625DC691577498F10F4240">2009-06-01</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="B3BD83EC008095C958B5280F58749A19">11</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="0914880241F13B4B38061F5E301100FC" type="DOI">10.3161/150811009X465703</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="BD1964A26BDC4A4E74402DB2428D7B6D" type="ISSN">1733-5329</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="99E2FAE55A61B57526E21D164C2C4F1C" type="Zenodo-Dep">3944511</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03AF87D3C43BB54DFC1A8718FB75BB9F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4334199" ID-GBIF-Taxon="165088781" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4334199" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AF87D3C43BB54DFC1A8718FB75BB9F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AF87D3C43BB54DFC1A8718FB75BB9F" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
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<subSubSection id="C31C654EC43BB54CFC1A8718FAB1BD05" box="[911,1334,1047,1073]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB936C5C43BB54CFC1A8718FAB1BD05" blockId="4.[911,1334,1047,1073]" box="[911,1334,1047,1073]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
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<heading id="D0F181A9C43BB54CFC1A8718FAB1BD05" box="[911,1334,1047,1073]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="4C064D46C43BB54CFC1A8718FAB1BD05" ID-CoL="4S95P" authority="Horsfield, 1823" authorityName="Horsfield" authorityYear="1823" box="[911,1334,1047,1073]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="affinis">
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<emphasis id="B972EAD7C43BB54CFC1A8718FBF2BD05" box="[911,1141,1047,1073]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">Rhinolophus affinis</emphasis>
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Horsfield, 1823
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31C654EC43BB54CFC518736FA86BD67" box="[964,1281,1081,1107]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BB936C5C43BB54CFC518736FA86BD67" blockId="4.[964,1281,1081,1107]" box="[964,1281,1081,1107]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">Intermediate horseshoe bat</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31C654EC43BB54DFCC38771FB4BB82C" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB936C5C43BB54DFCC38771FE78BA63" blockId="4.[816,1430,1150,1245]" lastBlockId="5.[159,772,220,1329]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
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FA —
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, mass — 9.0–
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<quantity id="4CFE9B20C43BB54CFB638771FAC7BDAC" box="[1270,1344,1150,1176]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.53" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" unit="g" value="15.3">15.3 g</quantity>
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. Fortyseven males and
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<specimenCount id="9D00FD4CC43BB54CFB9987AFFB14BD8E" box="[1036,1171,1184,1210]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" type="female">55 females</specimenCount>
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were captured from
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<collectingRegion id="49C2F827C43BB54CFCA587CCFC06BDE9" box="[816,897,1219,1245]" country="China" name="Fujian" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">Fujian</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49C2F827C43BB54CFC0E87CCFBAABDE9" box="[923,1069,1219,1245]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">Guangdong</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49C2F827C43BB54CFBD087CCFB36BDE9" box="[1093,1201,1219,1245]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49C2F827C43BB54CFB5F87CCFAA2BDE9" box="[1226,1317,1219,1245]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">Hainan</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49C2F827C43BB54CFAAB87CCFA16BDE9" box="[1342,1425,1219,1245]" country="China" name="Henan" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">Henan</collectingRegion>
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, Sichuan and Yunnan. The FMAXE values for echolocation calls are very variable, ranging between 70.0 to 88.5 kHz at different sites. Individuals from Hainan, Guangdong and Guangxi called at relatively low frequencies (70.0 to 74.3 kHz), those from Yunnan called at 82.6 to 83.7 kHz, while those from Jiangxi called at higher frequencies, 88.1 to 88.5 kHz. In Fujian, bats called at 71.9 to 86.1 kHz. Even in the same cave bats called at very different frequencies. For example, in Jinkuang Cave (Fujian), 10 bats were captured, of which seven called at 71.9 to 73.2 kHz, while another three bats called at 85.7 to 86.1 kHz. This raises the possibility that cryptic species may be present, and this is currently under investigation using molecular phylogenetic methods. Call frequencies for this species in
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<collectingCountry id="F3117655C43AB54DFD0D81D7FC83BBC6" box="[664,772,728,754]" name="Malaysia" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
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were previously reported as 77.6 kHz (FA
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<quantity id="4CFE9B20C43AB54DFD0481F5FD7BBA20" box="[657,764,762,788]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.93" pageId="5" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="49.3">49.3 mm</quantity>
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) (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF974B34C43AB54DFF328014FE35BA01" author="KINGSTON, T. & G. JONES & A. ZUBAID & T. H. KUNZ" box="[167,434,795,821]" pageId="5" pageNumber="75" pagination="332 - 342" refId="ref11689" refString="KINGSTON, T., G. JONES, A. ZUBAID, and T. H. KUNZ. 2000. Resource partitioning in rhinolophoid bats revisited. Oecologia, 124: 332 - 342." type="journal article" year="2000">
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Kingston
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<emphasis id="B972EAD7C43AB54DFEB48014FEDCBA01" box="[289,347,795,821]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">et al</emphasis>
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||
., 2000
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</bibRefCitation>
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) and 76 kHz (FA
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||
<quantity id="4CFE9B20C43AB54DFD348014FD7BBA01" box="[673,764,795,821]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="51.0">51 mm</quantity>
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) (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF974B34C43AB54DFF328032FE75BA63" author="HELLER, K. - G. & O. V. HELVERSEN" box="[167,498,829,855]" pageId="5" pageNumber="75" pagination="178 - 186" refId="ref11405" refString="HELLER, K. - G., and O. V. HELVERSEN. 1989. Resource partitioning of sonar frequency bands in rhinolophoid bats. Oecologia, 80: 178 - 186." type="journal article" year="1989">Heller and Helversen, 1989</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF79664DC43BB54CFF0A847BFA13BEF6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3944517" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3944517" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3944517/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" targetBox="[210,1370,1324,1893]" targetPageId="4">
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<paragraph id="8BB936C5C43BB54CFF0A847BFA13BEF6" blockId="4.[159,1429,1908,1986]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
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FIG. 2. Representative echolocation calls of bats in the family
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<taxonomicName id="4C064D46C43BB54CFC8C847BFC21BEBD" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1825" box="[793,934,1908,1929]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Rhinolophidae</taxonomicName>
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captured from China during our surveys (except
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<taxonomicName id="4C064D46C43BB54CFF0A849FFED9BE91" authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1905" box="[159,350,1936,1957]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stheno">
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<emphasis id="B972EAD7C43BB54CFF0A849FFED9BE91" box="[159,350,1936,1957]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">Rhinolophus stheno</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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for which sound files were unavailable). See text for data on intraspecific variation. Recordings are from time expanded sequences of handheld bats with FFT size 1024 Hz, Hanning window. The species are arranged according to body size
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="DF79664DC43BB54CFDCF84C6FC5DBEEA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3944519" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3944519" box="[602,986,1993,2014]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3944519/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" startId="4.[602,649,1993,2014]" targetBox="[210,1370,1324,1893]" targetPageId="4">
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<paragraph id="8BB936C5C43BB54CFDCF84C6FC5DBEEA" blockId="4.[602,986,1993,2014]" box="[602,986,1993,2014]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">from large species (left) to small (right)</paragraph>
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</caption>
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||
<paragraph id="8BB936C5C43AB54DFF508050FB4BB82C" blockId="5.[159,772,220,1329]" lastBlockId="5.[816,1429,220,448]" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">
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||
In
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<collectingCountry id="F3117655C43AB54DFF728050FEAABA4D" box="[231,301,863,889]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">China</collectingCountry>
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<taxonomicName id="4C064D46C43AB54DFEA28050FE24BA4D" authorityName="Horsfield" authorityYear="1823" box="[311,419,863,889]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="affinis">
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<emphasis id="B972EAD7C43AB54DFEA28050FE24BA4D" box="[311,419,863,889]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">R. affinis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is most easily confused with
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<taxonomicName id="4C064D46C43AB54DFF0A808EFE96BAAF" authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1905" box="[159,273,897,923]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinicus">
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<emphasis id="B972EAD7C43AB54DFF0A808EFE96BAAF" box="[159,273,897,923]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">R. sinicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, from which it is best distinguished by its straight-sided lancet and the long second phalanx of the third digit (66.3–80.4% of the length of the metacarpal: Csorba
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<emphasis id="B972EAD7C43AB54DFE1A80E9FE42BD34" box="[399,453,998,1024]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">et al</emphasis>
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||
., 2003).
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<taxonomicName id="4C064D46C43AB54DFDA180E9FF46BD16" authorityName="Horsfield" authorityYear="1823" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="affinis">
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<emphasis id="B972EAD7C43AB54DFDA180E9FF46BD16" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">Rhinolophus affinis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is also typically a larger species, though overlap occurs with
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<taxonomicName id="4C064D46C43AB54DFEA38725FE2ABD70" authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1905" box="[310,429,1066,1092]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinicus">
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<emphasis id="B972EAD7C43AB54DFEA38725FE2ABD70" box="[310,429,1066,1092]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">R. sinicus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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at forearm lengths between
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. There is extensive overlap in call frequency, but only a small overlap in forearm length between
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<taxonomicName id="4C064D46C43AB54DFE9F879FFEF1BD9E" authorityName="Horsfield" authorityYear="1823" box="[266,374,1168,1194]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="affinis">
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<emphasis id="B972EAD7C43AB54DFE9F879FFEF1BD9E" box="[266,374,1168,1194]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">R. affinis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C064D46C43AB54DFE21879FFDAEBD9E" authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1905" box="[436,553,1168,1194]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B972EAD7C43AB54DFE21879FFDAEBD9E" box="[436,553,1168,1194]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">R. sinicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="133D2A40C43AB54DFDAE879FFD03BD9E" box="[571,644,1168,1194]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[159,172,1969,1990]" captionTargetBox="[395,1199,1424,1937]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[464,1206,1414,1877]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 3. Relationship between frequency of echolocation calls from handheld bats (resting frequency) and forearm length for Rhinolophus sinicus (D) and R. affinis (-)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3944521" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3944521/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). The bats calling at <75 kHz were
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C064D46C43AB54DFE5687BEFDABBDFF" authorityName="Horsfield" authorityYear="1823" box="[451,556,1201,1227]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="affinis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B972EAD7C43AB54DFE5687BEFDABBDFF" box="[451,556,1201,1227]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">R. affinis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C2F827C43AB54DFDE687BEFD78BDFF" box="[627,767,1201,1227]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">Guangdong</collectingRegion>
|
||
, although one
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C064D46C43AB54DFEAA87DCFE35BDD9" authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1905" box="[319,434,1235,1261]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B972EAD7C43AB54DFEAA87DCFE35BDD9" box="[319,434,1235,1261]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">R. sinicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
called at 73.4 kHz. Our molecular studies suggest that unequivocal separation can be achieved by sequencing the control region of mtDNA (authors’ unpublished data), though this assumes an absence of introgression.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31C654EC43AB54DFCC38210FC40B8F4" pageId="5" pageNumber="75" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB936C5C43AB54DFCC38210FC40B8F4" blockId="5.[816,1429,220,448]" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">
|
||
Previous records from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3117655C43AB54DFB178210FB4AB80D" box="[1154,1229,287,313]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C2F827C43AB54DFB758210FAABB80D" box="[1248,1324,287,313]" country="China" name="Anhui" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">Anhui</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C2F827C43AB54DFAD78210FA17B80D" box="[1346,1424,287,313]" country="China" name="Fujian" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">Fujian</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C2F827C43AB54DFCA5824EFC3BB86F" box="[816,956,321,347]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">Guangdong</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C2F827C43AB54DFC46824EFBBCB86F" box="[979,1083,321,347]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C2F827C43AB54DFBC6824EFB3CB86F" box="[1107,1211,321,347]" country="China" name="Guizhou" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">Guizhou</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C2F827C43AB54DFB47824EFAADB86F" box="[1234,1322,321,347]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">Hainan</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C2F827C43AB54DFAD4824EFA16B86F" box="[1345,1425,321,347]" country="China" name="Henan" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">Henan</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C2F827C43AB54DFCA5826CFC06B849" box="[816,897,355,381]" country="China" name="Hunan" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">Hunan</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C2F827C43AB54DFC04826CFC5BB849" box="[913,988,355,381]" country="China" name="Hubei" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">Hubei</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C2F827C43AB54DFC79826CFBC0B849" box="[1004,1095,355,381]" country="China" name="Jiangsu" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">Jiangsu</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C2F827C43AB54DFBC3826CFB29B849" box="[1110,1198,355,381]" country="China" name="Jiangxi" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">Jiangxi</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C2F827C43AB54DFB2B826CFA98B849" box="[1214,1311,355,381]" country="China" name="Shaanxi" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">Shaanxi</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C2F827C43AB54DFABA826CFA17B849" box="[1327,1424,355,381]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C2F827C43AB54DFCA5828BFC0DB8AA" box="[816,906,388,414]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C2F827C43AB54DFC54828BFBAEB8AA" box="[961,1065,388,414]" country="China" name="Zhejiang" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">Zhejiang</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF974B34C43AB54DFBAD828BFB57B8AA" author="ZHANG, Y. Z." box="[1080,1232,388,414]" pageId="5" pageNumber="75" refId="ref13150" refString="ZHANG, Y. Z. (ed.). 1997. Distribution of mammalian species in China. China Forestry Publishing House, Beijing, 280 pp." type="book" year="1997">Zhang, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF974B34C43AB54DFB4E828BFAEDB8AA" author="WANG, Y. X." box="[1243,1386,388,414]" pageId="5" pageNumber="75" refId="ref12745" refString="WANG, Y. X. (ed.). 2003. A complete checklist of mammal species and subspecies in China: a taxonomic and geographic reference. China Forestry Publishing House, Beijing, 394 pp." type="book" year="2003">Wang, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF974B34C43AB54DFAE1828BFC3CB8F4" author="YU, Y. & H. X. NIU & Y. M. WANG & Q. W. LU" pageId="5" pageNumber="75" pagination="739 - 742" refId="ref12863" refString="YU, Y., H. X. NIU, Y. M. WANG, and Q. W. LU. 2006. Karyotype analysis of two Rhinolophus species from Henan. Sichuan Journal of Zoology, 25: 739 - 742. [in Chinese with English abstract]." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Yu
|
||
<emphasis id="B972EAD7C43AB54DFCA582A9FCE2B8F4" box="[816,869,422,448]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31C654EC43AB54DFCA582E6FB75BB9F" pageId="5" pageNumber="75" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB936C5C43AB54DFCA582E6FC7CBB37" blockId="5.[816,1429,489,683]" box="[816,1019,489,515]" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<emphasis id="B972EAD7C43AB54DFCA582E6FC7CBB37" box="[816,1019,489,515]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">Ecological Notes</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB936C5C43AB54DFCC38104FB75BB9F" blockId="5.[816,1429,489,683]" pageId="5" pageNumber="75">All roosts were found in caves except for one tree roost where a single individual was located. Numbers were typically in single figures, although up to 21 bats were recorded at one site. Although widespread, this species was not abundant.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |