169 lines
15 KiB
XML
169 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document id="A6341BF6FDDB8D2149996671E8C9C580" ID-DOI="10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.10.002" ID-ISSN="1873-3700" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10484732" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="karina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="karina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="karina" checkinTime="1704941929211" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Aziz, Ahmad Nazif, Ismail, Nor Hadiani, Halim, Siti Nadiah Abdul, Looi, Chung Yeng, Anouar, El Hassane, Langat, Moses K., Mulholland, Dulcie & Awang, Khalijah" docDate="2018" docId="03AF87D2C666FFE4E86F43D9FE92FF1D" docLanguage="en" docName="Phytochemistry.156.193-200.pdf" docOrigin="Phytochemistry 156" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.10.002" docStyle="DocumentStyle:9E596C34F4E94307D29315B03ACE1007.6:Phytochemistry.2014-2019.journal_article" docStyleId="9E596C34F4E94307D29315B03ACE1007" docStyleName="Phytochemistry.2014-2019.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Croton oblongus Burm. f. Bark" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="197" masterDocId="FF96FFAAC662FFE1EB5D426AFF92FFF7" masterDocTitle="Laevifins A-G, clerodane diterpenoids from the Bark of Croton oblongus Burm. f." masterLastPageNumber="200" masterPageNumber="193" pageNumber="197" updateTime="1706123863087" updateUser="karina">
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<mods:titleInfo id="878FFE9453AF517F16A6FC3E8CB4E485">
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<mods:title id="892FC1D7A901B6C90D0B47BB9078E4F5">Laevifins A-G, clerodane diterpenoids from the Bark of Croton oblongus Burm. f.</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="664E5013619CD0AECA9FF1D55B654BF3" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E07943CA5C8F16144EA0A659DC5F6F1C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="A6729A75A2A04D19AF5D51D6B91DC497">Aziz, Ahmad Nazif</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E36A6BCA4D75A073435F81DF73D2C4C8">School of Fundamental Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia & ∗ & Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Products Discovery, Level 9, FF 3, Universiti Teknologi MARA Puncak Alam Campus, 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="D9F917E069179B4104E58F73E76F233D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="16104A4CB034A44EC3F08DAD0A30F17D">Ismail, Nor Hadiani</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="7132ADB6762AF5C9DA6071B5963DE1F2" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="FBDEEDFB7D43B4A9CE8C86FCC6019BA7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="25DACAA1F0C7FA357D076A6AFBC9B2CF">Halim, Siti Nadiah Abdul</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="F1544DD71F6552B5B6B524360E69826E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="FA442513886162B24BE74D5A055042DA">Looi, Chung Yeng</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="9C7F3D95559E325927541AE2E628842E">Anouar, El Hassane</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="6796C8FAF9CF3E8310A8E56B552796ED">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="EA45733028A08844ED8682944CA0E5E7">Langat, Moses K.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="91B254DF243ED7110333C5722832D6BB" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F75899C50C827BFF39E01ADF4BC6F4D4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="19A66C6B0834498E131BE8360B395CCD">Mulholland, Dulcie</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="0283C2D3195ED26C06237D58A401B5FF" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="8DDE60B7AFF461CAB30699D116E7F16C">Awang, Khalijah</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="0D6DA1E63D42D88DAB3BB2E8832E0338">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="7D295ED5C76AC87F7F86D2B5CE53632B">Phytochemistry</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="F07E56432AEAFA5B863F953641B1ECE6">
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<mods:date id="745CF58822C58101536CA29CC7BDB5F7">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="5EAE49ABD3642AB8B98E1774FB3111DE" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="E78D1046522FCBA514130B870A1D6068">2018-12-31</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="14F46E3A6557478FDED3A3B25FEFC8CF" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="15AD6C1E8AE0CD556A567D0317D82D66">156</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="FFB7EB4AB0A2CA0F545D28A15935035F" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="5EB479AFD90F1F172853174B761CD392">193</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="3F4545E0C2EE93728FABA277E2402A59">200</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:location id="6C4B77FE8C604E50C64AD862DEA5A5D7">
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<mods:url id="637B5F6233E665A79B784F8904FFA34A">http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.10.002</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="1EBC3847CC2B3116240C8D6BB3A6C546">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="303AC7BF31D71E9466C17B92B96D2DE5" type="DOI">10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.10.002</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D72AAFBD14AD3B9FB7E6FD2B86DED154" type="ISSN">1873-3700</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A3A028062FAF82E92DDCF6BC9895B64E" type="Zenodo-Dep">10484732</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03AF87D2C666FFE4E86F43D9FE92FF1D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AF87D2C666FFE4E86F43D9FE92FF1D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AF87D2C666FFE4E86F43D9FE92FF1D" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="197" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">
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<subSubSection id="C31C654FC666FFE5E86F43D9FAA5FE31" box="[818,1335,435,454]" pageId="4" pageNumber="197" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB936C4C666FFE5E86F43D9FAA5FE31" blockId="4.[818,1335,435,454]" box="[818,1335,435,454]" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">
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<heading id="D0F181A8C666FFE5E86F43D9FAA5FE31" bold="true" box="[818,1335,435,454]" fontSize="36" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="197" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B972EAD6C666FFE5E86F43D9FAA5FE31" bold="true" box="[818,1335,435,454]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">
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2.1. Biological activities of
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<taxonomicName id="4C064D47C666FFE5EF7743D9FAA5FE31" ID-CoL="ZQQD" authority="Burm. f. Bark" authorityName="Burm. f. Bark" box="[1066,1335,435,454]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="197" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblongus">Croton oblongus Burm.f. Bark</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31C654FC666FFE4E80E4381FE92FF1D" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="198" pageId="4" pageNumber="197" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB936C4C666FFE5E80E4381FA8BFD52" blockId="4.[818,1488,490,1123]" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">
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It is known that inflammation is closely linked to tumour promotion and almost all tumours have inflammatory cells reside in them regardless of the underlying cause of the tumour (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF974B35C666FFE5EFAB4048FA5BFDC2" author="Rosenberg, L. & Palmer, J. R. & Zauber, A. G. & Warshauer, M. E. & Stolley, P. D. & Shapiro, S." box="[1270,1481,546,565]" pageId="4" pageNumber="197" pagination="355 - 358" refId="ref10635" refString="Rosenberg, L., Palmer, J. R., Zauber, A. G., Warshauer, M. E., Stolley, P. D., Shapiro, S., 1991. A hypothesis: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs reduce the incidence of large-bowel cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 83, 355 - 358." type="journal article" year="1991">Rosenberg et al., 1991</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EF974B35C666FFE5E86F4054FC41FDA6" author="Medzhitov, R." box="[818,979,574,593]" pageId="4" pageNumber="197" pagination="428 - 435" refId="ref10225" refString="Medzhitov, R., 2008. Origin and physiological roles of inflammation. Nature 454 (7203), 428 - 435." type="journal article" year="2008">Medzhitov, 2008</bibRefCitation>
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). Hence, extracts and selected pure compounds from the bark of
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<taxonomicName id="4C064D47C666FFE5E8FA4030FB82FD9A" box="[935,1040,602,621]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="197" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblongus">
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<emphasis id="B972EAD6C666FFE5E8FA4030FB82FD9A" bold="true" box="[935,1040,602,621]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">C. oblongus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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were evaluated for their cytotoxicity and the closely related anti-inflammatory activity via inhibition of LPS-induced NF-κB translocation in RAW 264.7 cells evaluation.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB936C4C666FFE5E80E40C4FA9FFC57" blockId="4.[818,1488,490,1123]" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">
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Crude extracts of
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<taxonomicName id="4C064D47C666FFE5E8A040C4FBF7FD36" box="[1021,1125,686,705]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="197" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblongus">
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<emphasis id="B972EAD6C666FFE5E8A040C4FBF7FD36" bold="true" box="[1021,1125,686,705]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">C. oblongus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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were screened against a panel of cell lines consisted of normal liver cell line (WRL-68), lung cancer cell line (A549), prostate cancer cell line (PC-3), melanoma cell line (A375), colon cancer cell line (HT-29) and human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7). IC
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<subScript id="17823481C666FFE5E837414CFCEEFCC4" attach="left" box="[874,892,806,819]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">50</subScript>
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values of the hexane extract against these cell lines ranged between 35.0 and 66.1
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<emphasis id="B972EAD6C666FFE5EF494153FB8CFCBB" box="[1044,1054,825,844]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">μ</emphasis>
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g/mL while no activity recorded against HT-29 cell line. The
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<collectingCountry id="F3117654C666FFE5E881413FFC6BFC9F" box="[988,1017,853,872]" name="Switzerland" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">CH</collectingCountry>
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<subScript id="17823481C666FFE5E8A44137FB90FC9D" attach="both" box="[1017,1026,861,874]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">2</subScript>
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Cl
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<subScript id="17823481C666FFE5EF4B4137FB8DFC9D" attach="left" box="[1046,1055,861,874]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">2</subScript>
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extract showed more selective activity, affecting only A549 (IC
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<subScript id="17823481C666FFE5EF5F4113FB86FC71" attach="left" box="[1026,1044,889,902]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">50</subScript>
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57.6
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<emphasis id="B972EAD6C666FFE5EF17411BFBC6FC73" box="[1098,1108,881,900]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">μ</emphasis>
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g/mL) and A375 (IC
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<subScript id="17823481C666FFE5EE444113FAB9FC71" attach="left" box="[1305,1323,889,902]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">50</subScript>
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63.6
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<emphasis id="B972EAD6C666FFE5EE3C411BFAF9FC73" box="[1377,1387,881,900]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">μ</emphasis>
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g/mL) cell lines. The methanol extract did not show activity.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB936C4C666FFE4E80E41C3FE92FF1D" blockId="4.[818,1488,490,1123]" lastBlockId="5.[100,770,159,234]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="198" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">
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All purified compounds were isolated from hexane and
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<collectingCountry id="F3117654C666FFE5EE3441C3FA14FC4B" box="[1385,1414,937,956]" name="Switzerland" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">CH</collectingCountry>
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<subScript id="17823481C666FFE5EEDB41DBFA1DFC49" attach="both" box="[1414,1423,945,958]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">2</subScript>
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Cl
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<subScript id="17823481C666FFE5EEFE41DBFA3EFC49" attach="left" box="[1443,1452,945,958]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">2</subScript>
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extracts, which in the initial screen had shown potential cytotoxicity. However, most compounds were found to have very weak activity with IC
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<subScript id="17823481C666FFE5E81B466FFCCAFBE5" attach="left" box="[838,856,1029,1042]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">50</subScript>
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> 100
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<emphasis id="B972EAD6C666FFE5E8FB4196FC22FBF8" box="[934,944,1020,1039]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">μ</emphasis>
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M. Only
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<emphasis id="B972EAD6C666FFE5EF744196FBA6FBF8" box="[1065,1076,1020,1039]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">β</emphasis>
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-amyrone and
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<emphasis id="B972EAD6C666FFE5EFBF4196FB7FFBF8" box="[1250,1261,1020,1039]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">β</emphasis>
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-sitostenone exhibited IC
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<subScript id="17823481C666FFE5E81B464BFCCAFBD9" attach="left" box="[838,856,1057,1070]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">50</subScript>
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<100
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<emphasis id="B972EAD6C666FFE5E8FB4672FC22FBDC" box="[934,944,1048,1067]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">μ</emphasis>
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M, 73 and 94
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<emphasis id="B972EAD6C666FFE5EF6E4672FBAFFBDC" box="[1075,1085,1048,1067]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">μ</emphasis>
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M respectively. Compounds
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<emphasis id="B972EAD6C666FFE5EE144672FAC7FBDC" bold="true" box="[1353,1365,1048,1067]" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">1</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis id="B972EAD6C666FFE5EE3F4672FAFCFBDC" bold="true" box="[1378,1390,1048,1067]" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">3</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis id="B972EAD6C666FFE5EE274672FA17FBDC" box="[1402,1413,1048,1067]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">β</emphasis>
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-amyrin and acetyl aleuritolic acid were also tested in the LPS-induced NF-κB translocation inhibition in RAW 264.7 cells assay. Compounds
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<emphasis id="B972EAD6C666FFE5EEDB463AFA00FB94" bold="true" box="[1414,1426,1104,1123]" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">1</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="B972EAD6C666FFE5EE9E463AFA5DFB94" bold="true" box="[1475,1487,1104,1123]" pageId="4" pageNumber="197">3</emphasis>
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showed no activity while
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<emphasis id="B972EAD6C667FFE4EA0042F5FEFAFF45" box="[349,360,159,178]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="198">β</emphasis>
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-amyrin and acetyl aleuritolic acid showed good anti-inflammatory activity with IC
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<subScript id="17823481C667FFE4EABC42AEFE61FF26" attach="left" box="[481,499,196,209]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="198">50</subScript>
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values of 23.5 and 35.4
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<emphasis id="B972EAD6C667FFE4E9BF42D1FD7EFF39" box="[738,748,187,206]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="198">μ</emphasis>
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g/ mL respectively.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |