404 lines
52 KiB
XML
404 lines
52 KiB
XML
<document id="15BF72B07D1253F8E2E008CF85C1BD90" ID-DOI="10.13133/2284-4880/1509" ID-ISSN="2284-4880" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8148348" checkinTime="1689361686419" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Isaia, Marco & Nicolosi, Giuseppe" docDate="2023" docId="750C87A9FFEBFFDEFCAFCBB5FDC5FD2B" docLanguage="en" docName="FragEntomol.55.1.31-36.pdf" docOrigin="Fragmenta entomologica 55 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/PO.23.00107" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8499FF4308F512386C0E43DC290A16BD:FragEntomol.2021-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="8499FF4308F512386C0E43DC290A16BD" docStyleName="FragEntomol.2021-.journal_article.0cover" docTitle="Lepthyphantes sardosus Gozo 1908" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="36" masterDocId="8935FFD1FFEAFFDBFF9FCB01FF95FF87" masterDocTitle="Notes on the Sardinian endemic Tenuiphantes sardous (Gozo, 1908) n. comb. (Araneae: Linyphiidae)" masterLastPageNumber="36" masterPageNumber="31" pageNumber="32" updateTime="1689361998368" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-4.0">
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<mods:mods id="86D08FD87037807B1AE1CA5F85B9BB12" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="CBC6A96314C707780D9777999488DD73">
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<mods:title id="8A74585580A1E88635C87612CAEFD26A">Notes on the Sardinian endemic Tenuiphantes sardous (Gozo, 1908) n. comb. (Araneae: Linyphiidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="3A2738DA95D9BA8D8CBE6CDABF814E3B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="62E09C55F26011640E6D8F47EE225C29">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="7DA95B3B2C62C12D62CAB7DFDB478982">Isaia, Marco</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="3E65C0F0E2A72C602D08880CA0D6A263" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4137EC1D918201CCEDB3D3AB28597A10">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="79F2A42DB3ACA8EBCCC3EF4440253FD4">Nicolosi, Giuseppe</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="B43D7796631ECC25F9C2CB8DB9C4B352">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="18E3A7BA3723D9F45C367D4FD037B509">
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<mods:title id="C9950D08EC836DA98875955F687F9730">Fragmenta entomologica</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
|
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<mods:part id="11FD216DC7444C40CC3124BE8D226076">
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<mods:date id="AA58EF5E4268A69D3ECF7E19B72052BD">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="8A6FC45D032D9090CD7D5D83083B55A6" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="E5D80CB07E7F0818DA30FD8F48E5A053">2023-06-30</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="1294EEC48ADDA386300A618CC01375BD" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="3F285AF58712A43C3154EA2C716092F8">55</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="AD706F98A85C6904B77AE9219C53C007" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="BFD4647AF4EAE02BF9C02F772DC1AD0A">1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="869FAC3869D7A6F3F3A881B53293E6EE" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="A3949D20CDF7F8F530297416416837F6">31</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="4A0FBE82BD246F94933C705E3EE339B2">36</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:location id="DA47CA9489E8D692B7678E0ED6993743">
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<mods:url id="167B9066ADA40866B93A751480EEC004">http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/PO.23.00107</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="392C2475A19FD9F4D6EEBA2CF45673F2">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="43A439E625909AA61E9F038E6EC5A46C" type="DOI">10.13133/2284-4880/1509</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B46711742A92932F81C6CBA85A555D2D" type="ISSN">2284-4880</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="755B2691D3A13A5B08F7C6EA6E4C4A88" type="Zenodo-Dep">8148348</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="750C87A9FFEBFFDEFCAFCBB5FDC5FD2B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:750C87A9FFEBFFDEFCAFCBB5FDC5FD2B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/750C87A9FFEBFFDEFCAFCBB5FDC5FD2B" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
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<subSubSection id="B5BF6534FFEBFFDAFCAFCBB5FADFFF4B" box="[816,1354,180,204]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="FD1A36BFFFEBFFDAFCAFCBB5FADFFF4B" blockId="1.[816,1354,180,204]" box="[816,1354,180,204]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<heading id="A65281D3FFEBFFDAFCAFCBB5FADFFF4B" box="[816,1354,180,204]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" reason="5">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="DDB51191FFEBFFDAFCAFCBB5FADFFF4B" box="[816,1354,180,204]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3AA54D3CFFEBFFDAFCAFCBB5FBA4FF4B" authorityName="Gozo" authorityYear="1908" box="[816,1073,180,204]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Lepthyphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sardosus">
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||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFEBFFDAFCAFCBB5FBA4FF4B" box="[816,1073,180,204]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Lepthyphantes sardosus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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(sic!);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="7C0410AEFFEBFFDAFBE2CBB4FAD0FF4B" author="Roewer C. F." box="[1149,1349,180,204]" page="554" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" year="1942">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="99344B4EFFEBFFDAFBE2CBB4FAD0FF4B" author="Roewer C. F." box="[1149,1349,180,204]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" refId="ref4236" refString="Roewer C. F. 1942. Katalog der Araneae von 1758 bis 1940. 1. Band (Mesothelae, Orthognatha, Labidognatha: Dysderaeformia, Scytodiformia, Pholciformia, Zodariiformia, Hersiliaeformia, Argyopiformia). Natura, Buchhandlung fur Naturkunde und exakte Wissenschaften Paul Budy, Bremen, 1040 pp." type="book" year="1942">Roewer 1942: 554</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B5BF6534FFEBFFD9FCAFCBF5FDC0FAAB" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="FD1A36BFFFEBFFDAFCAFCBF5FAB9FE0B" blockId="1.[816,1437,244,396]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFEBFFDAFCAFCBF5FB9BFE8B" bold="true" box="[816,1038,244,268]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Examined material</emphasis>
|
||
.
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||
<materialsCitation id="4DCD3CE2FFEBFFDAFBBFCBF5FA82FEEB" collectingDate="2022-02-21" collectionCode="NU, MSNG" country="Italy" county="Ulassai" elevation="843" location="Nuoro province" municipality="Ogliastra" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Sardegna" typeStatus="neotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFEBFFDAFBBFCBF5FBC0FE8B" bold="true" box="[1056,1109,244,268]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="85B2762FFFEBFFDAFBBFCBF5FBC0FE8B" box="[1056,1109,244,268]" name="Italy" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
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||
<collectingRegion id="3F61F85DFFEBFFDAFBF8CBF5FB58FE8B" box="[1127,1229,244,268]" country="Italy" name="Sardegna" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Sardegna</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingCounty id="147B4E33FFEBFFDAFB44CBF5FAB9FE8B" box="[1243,1324,244,268]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Ulassai</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="1D7EACC5FFEBFFDAFAA5CBF5FA09FE8B" box="[1338,1436,244,268]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Ogliastra</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
(
|
||
<location id="F87A6064FFEBFFDAFCA7CA15FC79FEAB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:750C87A9FFEBFFDEFCAFCBB5FDC5FD2B:F87A6064FFEBFFDAFCA7CA15FC79FEAB" box="[824,1004,276,300]" country="Italy" county="Ulassai" municipality="Ogliastra" name="Nuoro province" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" stateProvince="Sardegna">Nuoro province</location>
|
||
),
|
||
<location id="F87A6064FFEBFFDAFB9CCA15FA95FEAB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:750C87A9FFEBFFDEFCAFCBB5FDC5FD2B:F87A6064FFEBFFDAFB9CCA15FA95FEAB" box="[1027,1280,276,300]" country="Italy" county="Ulassai" municipality="Ogliastra" name="Grutta de Su Marmuri" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" stateProvince="Sardegna">Grutta de Su Marmuri</location>
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||
[Su Marmuri cave] (0055
|
||
<location id="F87A6064FFEBFFDAFC2ACA35FC45FECB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:750C87A9FFEBFFDEFCAFCBB5FDC5FD2B:F87A6064FFEBFFDAFC2ACA35FC45FECB" box="[949,976,308,332]" country="Italy" county="Ulassai" municipality="Ogliastra" name="Sa" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" stateProvince="Sardegna">Sa</location>
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||
/
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||
<collectionCode id="9BB4AE7AFFEBFFDAFC46CA35FB97FECB" box="[985,1026,308,332]" country="Thailand" name="Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">NU</collectionCode>
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||
),
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||
<quantity id="3A5D9B5AFFEBFFDAFB8BCA35FBCFFECB" box="[1044,1114,308,332]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.43" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="843.0">
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||
<elevation id="7688D18CFFEBFFDAFB8BCA35FBCFFECB" box="[1044,1114,308,332]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.43" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="843.0">843 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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||
,
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||
<date id="891B107FFFEBFFDAFBFBCA35FB79FECB" box="[1124,1260,308,332]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="2022-02-21">
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||
<collectingDate id="995FE997FFEBFFDAFBFBCA35FB79FECB" box="[1124,1260,308,332]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="2022-02-21">21 Feb 2022</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
, Isaia & Nicolo- si leg.,
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||
<specimenCount id="EBA3FD36FFEBFFDAFCE4CA55FC08FEEB" box="[891,925,340,364]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(
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||
<typeStatus id="221E881DFFEBFFDAFC35CA55FB96FEEB" box="[938,1027,340,364]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">neotype</typeStatus>
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||
, here designated:
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||
<collectionCode id="9BB4AE7AFFEBFFDAFB20CA55FA85FEEB" box="[1215,1296,340,364]" country="Italy" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1trn-7b59" name="Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova 'Giacomo Doria'" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">MSNG</collectionCode>
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||
)
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
,
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||
<materialsCitation id="4DCD3CE2FFEBFFDAFABECA55FABDFE0B" collectionCode="MCSNB" country="Italy" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" specimenCode="MCSNB 47697" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-female="5" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Sardegna" typeStatus="neotype">
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||
<specimenCount id="EBA3FD36FFEBFFDAFABECA55FAD7FEEB" box="[1313,1346,340,364]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="EBA3FD36FFEBFFDAFAD0CA55FAE5FEEB" box="[1359,1392,340,364]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
and
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||
<specimenCount id="EBA3FD36FFEBFFDAFCAFCA75FCF3FE0B" box="[816,870,372,396]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="female">3♀♀</specimenCount>
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||
(MI 3466),
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||
<specimenCount id="EBA3FD36FFEBFFDAFC77CA75FB85FE0B" box="[1000,1040,372,396]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="EBA3FD36FFEBFFDAFBDBCA75FBF0FE0B" box="[1092,1125,372,396]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="AD039EC4FFEBFFDAFBECCA75FAB5FE0B" box="[1139,1312,372,396]" collectionCode="MCSNB" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">MCSNB 47697</specimenCode>
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||
)
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="FD1A36BFFFEBFFDAFCAFCAB5FB0DFE6B" blockId="1.[816,1436,436,492]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
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||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFEBFFDAFCAFCAB5FC51FE4B" bold="true" box="[816,964,436,460]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Type locality</emphasis>
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||
.
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||
<collectingCountry id="85B2762FFFEBFFDAFC4BCAB5FB93FE4B" box="[980,1030,436,460]" name="Italy" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Italy</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="3F61F85DFFEBFFDAFB8CCAB5FBECFE4B" box="[1043,1145,436,460]" country="Italy" name="Sardegna" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Sardegna</collectingRegion>
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, Ulassai, Ogliastra (Nuoro province), Grutta de Su Marmuri.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FD1A36BFFFEBFFDAFCAFC913FC76FDAB" blockId="1.[816,1437,530,940]" box="[816,995,530,556]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFEBFFDAFCAFC913FC76FDAB" bold="true" box="[816,995,530,556]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">New diagnosis</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="FD1A36BFFFEBFFD9FCAFC935FDC0FAAB" blockId="1.[816,1437,530,940]" lastBlockId="2.[151,771,1172,1324]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
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The sinuous, horsefish-shaped embolus of the male with dentigerous protrusions on its proximal part (ppe in Fig. 1), the well-developed tripartite structure of the scapus (proscape, middle part, and distal part with lateral lobes and stretcher, Figs 6-8) as well as the leg formula of chae- totaxy lead to the transfer of this species to the genus
|
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<taxonomicName id="3AA54D3CFFEBFFDAFAF1C9D4FC0CFC8B" authorityName="Saaristo & Tanasevitch" authorityYear="1996" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tenuiphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFEBFFDAFAF1C9D4FC0CFC8B" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Tenuiphantes</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
. Males are distinguished from other species of
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<taxonomicName id="3AA54D3CFFEBFFDAFCAEC815FC5BFCAB" authorityName="Menge" authorityYear="1866" box="[817,974,788,812]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Lepthyphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="lato">
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||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFEBFFDAFCAEC815FC5BFCAB" box="[817,974,788,812]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Lepthyphantes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D4E257D6FFEBFFDAFC4AC814FBD5FCAB" box="[981,1088,788,812]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" sensu="lato">sensu lato</taxonomicNameLabel>
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by observing the male pedipalp in external lateral (Fig. 1) and ventral (Fig. 2) view, by the club-shaped “lamella characteristica” (lc, Fig. 3), the terminal apophysis divided in two lobes (lta in Figs 1-2), the lack of teeth on the paracymbium (pc, Fig. 4), the presence of 3-4 spine-shaped teeth on the proximal part of the embolus (ppe, Figs 1-2). Females are diagnosed by the roughly rectangular proscape (ps, Fig. 6) with curved edges, wider than long, indented midway at its base and highly protruding in lateral view (Fig. 8).
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="A9DA6637FFEBFFDAFF17CC29FA0BF80C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8148350" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8148350" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8148350/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" startId="1.[136,175,1832,1851]" targetBox="[176,1392,976,1790]" targetPageId="1" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="FD1A36BFFFEBFFDAFF17CC29FA0BF80C" blockId="1.[136,1438,1832,1931]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFEBFFDAFF17CC29FF71F8BC" bold="true" box="[136,228,1832,1851]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Figs. 1-5 –</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3AA54D3CFFEBFFDAFF75CC29FD83F8BC" authority="(Gozo, 1908)" authorityName="Isaia & Nicolosi" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Gozo" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[234,534,1832,1851]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tenuiphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sardous" status="n. comb.">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFEBFFDAFF75CC29FE0AF8BC" box="[234,415,1832,1851]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Tenuiphantes sardous</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFEBFFDAFE3ACC29FD83F8BC" bold="true" box="[421,534,1832,1851]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="99344B4EFFEBFFDAFE35CC29FD85F8BC" author="Gozo A." box="[426,528,1832,1851]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" pagination="109 - 139" refId="ref3914" refString="Gozo A. 1908. Gli Aracnidi di caverne italiane. Bollettino della Societa entomologica italiana, 38: 109 - 139." type="journal article" year="1908">Gozo, 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFEBFFDAFD84CC29FDFDF8BC" bold="true" box="[539,616,1832,1851]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D4E257D6FFEBFFDAFD84CC29FDFDF8BC" box="[539,616,1832,1851]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3AA54D3CFFEBFFDAFDEDCC29FD49F8BC" box="[626,732,1832,1851]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Linyphiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
): ♂ neootype from Grutta de Su Marmuri (Sardinia, Italy):
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFEBFFDAFB50CC29FB4FF8BC" bold="true" box="[1231,1242,1832,1851]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">1</emphasis>
|
||
, left palp, lateral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFEBFFDAFF17CC43FF06F8D2" bold="true" box="[136,147,1858,1877]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">2</emphasis>
|
||
, left palp, ventral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFEBFFDAFEFCCC43FEFBF8D2" bold="true" box="[355,366,1858,1877]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">3</emphasis>
|
||
, lamella characteristica;
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFEBFFDAFDDFCC43FDDEF8D2" bold="true" box="[576,587,1858,1877]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">4</emphasis>
|
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, paracymbium;
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFEBFFDAFD4BCC42FD4AF8D1" bold="true" box="[724,735,1859,1878]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">5</emphasis>
|
||
, male prosoma and chelicerae in frontal view. Abbreviations: ap: apical part of the paracymbium; cy: cymbium; dsa: distal suprategular apophysis; ep: embolus proper; lc: “lamella characteristica”; lta: lobes of the terminal apophysis, pc: paracymbium; pp: proximal part of the paracymbium; ppe:proximal part of the embolus. Scale: 0.1 mm in all illustrations.. Illustrations by Alessandro Infuso.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="A9DA6637FFE8FFD9FF08CF19FBF5FBE6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8148352" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8148352" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8148352/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" startId="2.[151,190,1048,1067]" targetBox="[259,1395,176,996]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="FD1A36BFFFE8FFD9FF08CF19FBF5FBE6" blockId="2.[151,1452,1048,1121]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE8FFD9FF08CF19FF61FBAB" bold="true" box="[151,244,1048,1068]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Figs. 6-8 –</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3AA54D3CFFE8FFD9FF66CF19FDBEFBAC" authority="(Gozo, 1908)" authorityName="Isaia & Nicolosi" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Gozo" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[249,555,1048,1067]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tenuiphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sardous" status="n. comb.">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE8FFD9FF66CF19FE26FBAC" box="[249,435,1048,1067]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Tenuiphantes sardous</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE8FFD9FE27CF19FDBEFBAC" bold="true" box="[440,555,1048,1067]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="99344B4EFFE8FFD9FE21CF19FDB0FBAC" author="Gozo A." box="[446,549,1048,1067]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" pagination="109 - 139" refId="ref3914" refString="Gozo A. 1908. Gli Aracnidi di caverne italiane. Bollettino della Societa entomologica italiana, 38: 109 - 139." type="journal article" year="1908">Gozo, 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE8FFD9FDAFCF18FDEBFBAB" bold="true" box="[560,638,1049,1068]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D4E257D6FFE8FFD9FDAFCF18FDEBFBAB" box="[560,638,1049,1068]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3AA54D3CFFE8FFD9FD16CF19FD63FBAC" box="[649,758,1048,1067]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Linyphiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
): ♀ from Grutta de Su Marmuri (Sardinia, Italy):
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE8FFD9FB03CF19FB32FBAC" bold="true" box="[1180,1191,1048,1067]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">6</emphasis>
|
||
, epigyne, ventral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE8FFD9FAEACF18FA15FBAB" bold="true" box="[1397,1408,1049,1068]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">7</emphasis>
|
||
, epigyne, dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE8FFD9FEA5CF32FED0FBC1" bold="true" box="[314,325,1075,1094]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">8</emphasis>
|
||
, epigyne, lateral view. Abbreviations: ds: distal part of the scale; eg: entrance groove; ll: lateral lobes; pmp: posterior median plate; ps: proscapus; sb: scapoid base; st: stretcher. Scale: 0.1 mm in all illustrations. Illustrations by Alessandro Infuso.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B5BF6534FFE8FFD8FF08CE53FAE0FC4B" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="FD1A36BFFFE8FFD9FF08CE53FDB6FAEB" blockId="2.[151,772,1362,1932]" box="[151,547,1362,1388]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE8FFD9FF08CE53FDB6FAEB" bold="true" box="[151,547,1362,1388]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
|
||
Description of the male
|
||
<typeStatus id="221E881DFFE8FFD9FE5ECE53FDB6FAEB" box="[449,547,1362,1388]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FD1A36BFFFE8FFD9FF08CE75FAA7F80B" blockId="2.[151,772,1362,1932]" lastBlockId="2.[831,1452,1172,1932]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Overall size and leg length small. Prosoma 0.984 long, 0.852 wide, light-yellowish. Cephalic region not elevated with a few bristles interspersed among the eyes (Fig. 5). Clypeus 0.162 long, slightly indented under the eyes, then convex, with one bristle just below the head region. Eyes normally developed, with pigment and black margins (Fig. 5). AME smallest. PLE, PME and ALE slightly similar in diameter. ALE and PLE contiguous. PLE–PME distance: 0.049, ALE–AME distance: 0.045, PME–PME distance: 0.056. Eye diameters: AME: 0.041, PME: 0.071, ALE: 0.076, PLE: 0.059. Sternum heart-shaped, yellowish with blackish shades and darker margin. At high magnification a fine pattern of irregular circles is visible. Chelicerae 0.409 long, light brownish, with 18-20 lateral stridulatory ridges and armed with three teeth on the anterior margin of the chelicera: two of them almost contiguous, bigger in size and reaching the fang almost midway and the third smaller on the proximal part of the cheliceral margin (Fig. 5). On the posterior margin, three-four very small teeth are visible, grouped on the central part of the cheliceral margin. Legs uniformly light yellowish. Leg I: femur 1.63, patella 0.31, tibia 1.67, metatarsus 1.68, tarsus 1.02, TLL 6.31; leg II: femur 1.58, patella 0.29, tibia 1.40, metatarsus 1.54, tarsus 0.93, TLL 5.74; leg III: femur 1.28, patella 0.26, tibia 1.24, metatarsus 1.19, tarsus 0.75, TLL 4.72; leg IV: femur 1.22, patella 0.23, tibia 1.17, metatarsus 1.18, tarsus 0.70, TLL 4.5. Abdomen 1.45 long, 0.994 wide; grey, generally darker than the prosoma, in some specimens very pale, lighter than the prosoma. Palp: femur 0.438, patella 0.115, tibia 0.171, cymbium 0.437. Cymbium faintly convex (cy, Fig. 1), when seen from above the internal margin is regular and the external one bears two faint lobes in its proximal half. Par- acymbium U-shaped in lateral view (pc, Fig. 4), unarmed and bearing some hairs on the proximal part (ppc, Fig. 4), apical part gradually narrowed anteriorly (apc, Fig. 4), dis- tal suprategular apophysis directed upwards (dsa, Fig. 1), with a sharp end. Embolus sinuous, horsefish-shaped, its proximal part bearing three-four stout spine-like teeth (ppe, Figs 1-2), thumb well-developed. “Lamella characteristi- ca” club-shaped (lc in Fig. 3), terminal apophysis strongly sclerotized, divided in two lobes (lta, Figs 1-2).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FD1A36BFFFE9FFD8FF17CBB3FE57FF4B" blockId="3.[136,756,178,1036]" box="[136,450,178,204]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE9FFD8FF17CBB3FE57FF4B" bold="true" box="[136,450,178,204]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Description of the female</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FD1A36BFFFE9FFD8FF17CBD3FDA1FF6B" blockId="3.[136,756,178,1036]" box="[136,564,210,236]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE9FFD8FF17CBD3FDA1FF6B" bold="true" box="[136,564,210,236]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
|
||
(
|
||
<materialsCitation id="4DCD3CE2FFE9FFD8FF0FCBD3FDA1FF6B" box="[144,564,210,236]" location="Su Marmuri cave" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="221E881DFFE9FFD8FF0FCBD3FE97FF6B" box="[144,258,210,236]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
from
|
||
<location id="F87A6064FFE9FFD8FED1CBD3FDB9FF6B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:750C87A9FFEBFFDEFCAFCBB5FDC5FD2B:F87A6064FFE9FFD8FED1CBD3FDB9FF6B" box="[334,556,210,236]" name="Su Marmuri cave" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Su Marmuri cave</location>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FD1A36BFFFE9FFD8FF17CBF5FEF7FD6B" blockId="3.[136,756,178,1036]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Similar in most features to male. Prosoma 0.954 long, 0.803 wide. Clypeus 0.162. Eyes normally developed, with pigment and black margins. AME smallest. PLE, PME and ALE slightly similar in diameter. ALE and PLE contiguous. PLE–PME distance: 0.066, ALE–AME distance: 0.060, PME–PME distance: 0.065. Eye di- ameters: AME: 0.045, PME: 0.061, ALE: 0.067, PLE: 0.061. Chelicerae 0.413 long. Leg I: femur 1.89, patel- la 0.307, tibia 1.76, metatarsus 1.60, tarsus 1.03, TLL 6.587; leg II: femur 1.82, patella 0.295, tibia 1.62, meta- tarsus 1.55, tarsus 0.870, TLL 6.155; leg III: femur 1.45, patella 0.284, tibia 1.48, metatarsus 1.56, tarsus 0.732, TLL 5.506; leg IV: femur 1.44, patella 0.280, tibia 1.52, metatarsus 1.41, tarsus 0.769, TLL 5.419. Abdomen 1.69 long, 1.03 wide. Palp: femur 0.363, patella 0.133, tibia 0.235, tarsus 0.439.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FD1A36BFFFE9FFD8FF31C9F5FD9CFB8B" blockId="3.[136,756,178,1036]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Epigynal plate forming a roughly rectangular proscape with curved edges (ps, Figs 6-7), wider than long, indented midway at its base. Lateral plates visible in dorsal view (ll, Fig. 7) only faintly visible in ventral view (ll, Fig. 6). Scape arched in lateral view (Fig. 8), covering entirely the inner part of the epigyne (“languette interne” according to Fage 1919); stretcher tongue-shaped (St, Figs 6-7), short, bearing a pitted knob at its end, clearly visible in ventral view. Fertilisation ducts sclerotized.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FD1A36BFFFE9FFD8FF17CF33FD34FBCB" blockId="3.[136,756,1074,1324]" box="[136,673,1074,1100]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE9FFD8FF17CF33FD34FBCB" bold="true" box="[136,673,1074,1100]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Spination (based on all material examined)</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FD1A36BFFFE9FFD8FF17CF54FDF6FAAB" blockId="3.[136,756,1074,1324]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Femur I with one prolateral spine; femur II, III and IV with no spines. Patella I-IV with one dorsal spine. Tibia I with two dorsal, one prolateral, and one retrolateral spines; tibia II with one dorsal, and one prolateral and one retrolateral spines; tibia III and IV with one dorsal and one retrolateral spines. Metatarsus I–IV with one dorsal spine. Position of TmI: 0.16. Trichobothrium on Mt IV absent.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FD1A36BFFFE9FFD8FF17CE53FE0CFAEB" blockId="3.[136,758,1362,1932]" box="[136,409,1362,1388]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE9FFD8FF17CE53FE0CFAEB" bold="true" box="[136,409,1362,1388]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Taxonomical remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FD1A36BFFFE9FFD8FF17CE74FE0EF8AB" blockId="3.[136,758,1362,1932]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
|
||
In the original description,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="99344B4EFFE9FFD8FE37CE75FDA5FA0B" author="Gozo A." box="[424,560,1396,1420]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" pagination="109 - 139" refId="ref3914" refString="Gozo A. 1908. Gli Aracnidi di caverne italiane. Bollettino della Societa entomologica italiana, 38: 109 - 139." type="journal article" year="1908">Gozo (1908)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
assigned the new- ly described species to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3AA54D3CFFE9FFD8FE61CE95FF54FA4B" authority="Menge, 1866" authorityName="Menge" authorityYear="1866" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Lepthyphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE9FFD8FE61CE95FD0FFA2B" box="[510,666,1428,1452]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Lepthyphantes</emphasis>
|
||
Menge, 1866
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In lack of males, the diagnosis was based on the morphology of the epigyne, having a characteristic mar- gin of the “
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE9FFD8FE9ECEF4FDC9F98B" box="[257,604,1524,1548]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">margine del tubercolo sporgente</emphasis>
|
||
” (presumably the margin of the proscapus) and by the presence of one spine on femur I. The genus assignation was based on the characters provided by Simon’s (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="99344B4EFFE9FFD8FE76CD55FDFAF9EB" author="Simon E." box="[489,623,1620,1644]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" refId="ref4386" refString="Simon E. 1884. Les arachnides de France. Tome cinquieme, deux- ieme et troisieme partie. Roret, Paris, pp. 180 - 885, 27 Pl." type="journal volume" year="1884">Simon 1884</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3AA54D3CFFE9FFD8FF39CD75FED7F90B" authorityName="Menge" authorityYear="1866" box="[166,322,1652,1676]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Lepthyphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE9FFD8FF39CD75FED7F90B" box="[166,322,1652,1676]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Lepthyphantes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="99344B4EFFE9FFD8FECECD75FD91F90B" author="Gozo A." box="[337,516,1652,1676]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" pagination="109 - 139" refId="ref3914" refString="Gozo A. 1908. Gli Aracnidi di caverne italiane. Bollettino della Societa entomologica italiana, 38: 109 - 139." type="journal article" year="1908">Gozo 1908: 119</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: “
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE9FFD8FD84CD75FD33F90B" box="[539,678,1652,1676]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Infine la mia</emphasis>
|
||
sàrdoa
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE9FFD8FF17CD94FEC7F92B" box="[136,338,1685,1708]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">è sicuramente una</emphasis>
|
||
Leptyphantes,
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE9FFD8FE64CD95FF53F96B" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">secondo la descrizione del Simon, perchè presenta esattamente i caratteri del genere”</emphasis>
|
||
[Finally, my
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3AA54D3CFFE9FFD8FECECDD5FE0FF96B" authorityName="Gozo" authorityYear="1908" box="[337,410,1748,1772]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Lepthyphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sardoa">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE9FFD8FECECDD5FE0FF96B" box="[337,410,1748,1772]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">sàrdoa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is certainly a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3AA54D3CFFE9FFD8FDB3CDD5FD5DF96B" authorityName="Menge" authorityYear="1866" box="[556,712,1748,1772]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Lepthyphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE9FFD8FDB3CDD5FD5DF96B" box="[556,712,1748,1772]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Lepthyphantes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ac- cording to Simon’s description, because it shows exactly the feature of the genus]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FD1A36BFFFE9FFD8FF31CC35FA04FF6B" blockId="3.[136,758,1362,1932]" lastBlockId="3.[816,1437,180,972]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
|
||
The occurrence of males at the
|
||
<typeStatus id="221E881DFFE9FFD8FD93CC34FDAFF8CA" box="[524,570,1845,1869]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality together with females allowed to pair the two sexes. Moreover, the match is confirmed by morphological characters shared by males and females, such as chaetotaxy, cheliceral teeth, stridulatory ridges, abdominal pattern and ocular pattern.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FD1A36BFFFE9FFD8FCC9CBF5FAB4FE4A" blockId="3.[816,1437,180,972]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="99344B4EFFE9FFD8FCC9CBF5FB34FE8B" author="Saaristo M. I. & Tanasevitch A. V." box="[854,1185,244,268]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" pagination="55 - 61" refId="ref4290" refString="Saaristo M. I., Tanasevitch A. V. 1993. Notes on the systematics of the spider genus Lepthyphantes Menge (Aranei Linyphiidae Micronetinae). Arthropoda Selecta, 2 (2): 55 - 61." type="journal article" year="1993">Saaristo & Tanasevitch (1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="99344B4EFFE9FFD8FB2FCBF5FB72FE8B" author="Saaristo M. I. & Tanasevitch A. V." box="[1200,1255,244,268]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" pagination="163 - 186" refId="ref4331" refString="Saaristo M. I., Tanasevitch A. V. 1996. Redelimitation of the sub- family Micronetinae Hull, 1920 and the genus Lepthyphantes Menge, 1866 with descriptions of some new genera (Aranei, Linyphiidae). Berichte des Naturwissenschaftlich-Mediz- inischen Vereins in Innsbruck, 83: 163 - 186." type="journal article" year="1996">1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) reclassified the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3AA54D3CFFE9FFD8FCE4CA15FB82FEAB" authorityName="Menge" authorityYear="1866" box="[891,1047,276,300]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Lepthyphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE9FFD8FCE4CA15FB82FEAB" box="[891,1047,276,300]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Lepthyphantes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
using a typological approach, ex- amining the morphology of the genital organs, especially males. As a result, most of the European species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3AA54D3CFFE9FFD8FAFBCA54FC09FE0B" authorityName="Menge" authorityYear="1866" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Lepthyphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE9FFD8FAFBCA54FC09FE0B" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Lepthyphantes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were transferred or assigned to new genera. On the other hand, given the lack of males,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3AA54D3CFFE9FFD8FB49CA94FAD1FE2B" authorityName="Isaia & Nicolosi" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Gozo" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[1238,1348,404,428]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tenuiphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sardous">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE9FFD8FB49CA94FAD1FE2B" box="[1238,1348,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">L. sardous</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was not transferred to any of the newly created genera.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FD1A36BFFFE9FFD8FCC9CAD5FAE0FC4B" blockId="3.[816,1437,180,972]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Our finding of the unknown male now allows the placement of this species within the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3AA54D3CFFE9FFD8FA90CAF5FBEDFDAB" authority="Saaristo & Tanasevitch, 1996" authorityName="Saaristo & Tanasevitch" authorityYear="1996" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tenuiphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE9FFD8FA90CAF5FA09FD8B" box="[1295,1436,500,524]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Tenuiphantes</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="99344B4EFFE9FFD8FCAFC915FBEDFDAB" author="Saaristo M. I. & Tanasevitch A. V." box="[816,1144,532,556]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" pagination="163 - 186" refId="ref4331" refString="Saaristo M. I., Tanasevitch A. V. 1996. Redelimitation of the sub- family Micronetinae Hull, 1920 and the genus Lepthyphantes Menge, 1866 with descriptions of some new genera (Aranei, Linyphiidae). Berichte des Naturwissenschaftlich-Mediz- inischen Vereins in Innsbruck, 83: 163 - 186." type="journal article" year="1996">Saaristo & Tanasevitch, 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. According to the original description, the genus includes small Linyphiids, having in males a sinuous embolus with a dentigerous protrusion on its proximal part (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="99344B4EFFE9FFD8FB89C975FAC1FD0B" author="Saaristo M. I. & Tanasevitch A. V." box="[1046,1364,628,652]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" pagination="163 - 186" refId="ref4331" refString="Saaristo M. I., Tanasevitch A. V. 1996. Redelimitation of the sub- family Micronetinae Hull, 1920 and the genus Lepthyphantes Menge, 1866 with descriptions of some new genera (Aranei, Linyphiidae). Berichte des Naturwissenschaftlich-Mediz- inischen Vereins in Innsbruck, 83: 163 - 186." type="journal article" year="1996">Saaristo & Tanasevitch 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Such character is clearly visible in our case (Figs 1-2). More- over, other details given in the genus description such as chaetotaxy, unmodified cymbium and relatively large par- acymbium do match our case. According to the morphol- ogy of the male genitalia,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3AA54D3CFFE9FFD8FBCDC814FB57FCAB" authorityName="Isaia & Nicolosi" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Gozo" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[1106,1218,788,812]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tenuiphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sardous" status="n. comb.">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE9FFD8FBCDC814FB57FCAB" box="[1106,1218,788,812]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">T. sardous</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE9FFD8FB54C815FABAFCAB" bold="true" box="[1227,1327,788,812]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D4E257D6FFE9FFD8FB54C815FABAFCAB" box="[1227,1327,788,812]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3AA54D3CFFE9FFD8FCD0C834FB10FCCB" authority="(Blackwall, 1853)" baseAuthorityName="Blackwall" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[847,1157,820,844]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tenuiphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alacris">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE9FFD8FCD0C834FC22FCCB" box="[847,951,820,844]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">T. alacris</emphasis>
|
||
(Blackwall, 1853)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3AA54D3CFFE9FFD8FB20C834FCE4FCEB" authority="(Menge, 1866)" baseAuthorityName="Menge" baseAuthorityYear="1866" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tenuiphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cristatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE9FFD8FB20C834FAACFCCB" box="[1215,1337,821,844]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">T. cristatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Menge, 1866)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, showing a similar club-shaped “lamella character- istica” but lacking teeth on the paracymbium. The female is close to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3AA54D3CFFE9FFD8FC35C894FB7CFC2B" authority="(Blackwall, 1854)" baseAuthorityName="Blackwall" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[938,1257,916,940]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tenuiphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE9FFD8FC35C894FB8FFC2B" box="[938,1050,916,940]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">T. flavipes</emphasis>
|
||
(Blackwall, 1854)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with a rounded proscape covering the whole median part of the scape.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B5BF6534FFE9FFDEFCAFC8F3FDC5FD2B" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="FD1A36BFFFE9FFD8FCAFC8F3FBF3FB8B" blockId="3.[816,1437,1010,1932]" box="[816,1126,1010,1036]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE9FFD8FCAFC8F3FBF3FB8B" bold="true" box="[816,1126,1010,1036]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Ecology and distribution</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FD1A36BFFFE9FFD8FCAFCF15FC60F98B" blockId="3.[816,1437,1010,1932]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3AA54D3CFFE9FFD8FC4ECF14FBD0FBAB" authorityName="Isaia & Nicolosi" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Gozo" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[977,1093,1044,1068]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tenuiphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sardous" status="n. comb.">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE9FFD8FC4ECF14FBD0FBAB" box="[977,1093,1044,1068]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">T. sardous</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE9FFD8FBD0CF15FB20FBAB" bold="true" box="[1103,1205,1044,1068]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D4E257D6FFE9FFD8FBD0CF15FB20FBAB" box="[1103,1205,1044,1068]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
have been collected on the cave ground, among rocks in areas mostly covered with guano. At the collection localities, the cave has an almost constant temperature of ~8°C (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="99344B4EFFE9FFD8FB42CF75FAF1FB0B" author="Cossu Q. A. & Cinus D. & Isaia M. & Piano E. & Duce P. & Environmental monitoring of Su & Proceedings of the Congresso SGI-SIMP" box="[1245,1380,1140,1164]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" refId="ref3820" refString="Cossu Q. A., Cinus D., Isaia M., Piano E., Duce P. Environmental monitoring of Su Marmuri cave (Ulassai), a preliminary pic- ture. Proceedings of the Congresso SGI-SIMP 2022 (19 - 21 September 2022), Torino, Italy, p. 552." type="journal volume" year="2022">Cossu 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, per- sonal communication). In lack of noticeable troglomor- phic traits and in accordance with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="99344B4EFFE9FFD8FB00CFB5FA0DFB4B" author="Mammola S. & Cardoso P. & Ribera C. & Pavlek M. & Isaia M." box="[1183,1432,1204,1228]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" pagination="301 - 316" refId="ref4056" refString="Mammola S., Cardoso P., Ribera C., Pavlek M., Isaia M. 2018. A synthesis on cave dwelling spiders in Europe. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 56 (3), 301 - 316." type="journal article" year="2018">Mammola et al. (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, we regard the species as troglophile – not a troglobiont as reported by Lana et al. (2016). Interestingly, despite the eyes being normally developed in all specimens (Fig. 5), the abdomen of the specimens collected in the deepest sector of the cave is paler compared to the others. As far as the distribution is concerned, the species is current- ly known exclusively for the
|
||
<typeStatus id="221E881DFFE9FFD8FBEBCE94FB36FA2A" box="[1140,1187,1429,1453]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality. However, the troglophile habitus and the general lack of arachnological prospections in Sardinian caves suggest a wider distribu- tion on the island.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FD1A36BFFFE9FFDFFCC9CD15FBB7FE4B" blockId="3.[816,1437,1010,1932]" lastBlockId="4.[831,1452,180,460]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
|
||
The Su Marmuri cave is located at
|
||
<quantity id="3A5D9B5AFFE9FFD8FB55CD15FA98F9AB" box="[1226,1293,1556,1580]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.74" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" unit="m" value="874.0">874 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l. on Tisi- ddu Mountain (Ulassai, Nuoro province). A huge sinkhole, evidence of an ancient water drainage, gives access to a large, mostly horizontal, underground tunnel (Figs 9-10). The difference in height from the entrance to the sink- hole is approximately
|
||
<quantity id="3A5D9B5AFFE9FFD8FBBACDB5FBCAF94B" box="[1061,1119,1716,1740]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" unit="m" value="35.0">35 m</quantity>
|
||
, and the length of the tunnel is about
|
||
<quantity id="3A5D9B5AFFE9FFD8FC12CDD5FC47F96B" box="[909,978,1748,1772]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="99344B4EFFE9FFD8FC7FCDD5FB34F96B" author="Cossu Q. A. & Cinus D. & Isaia M. & Piano E. & Duce P. & Environmental monitoring of Su & Proceedings of the Congresso SGI-SIMP" box="[992,1185,1748,1772]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" refId="ref3820" refString="Cossu Q. A., Cinus D., Isaia M., Piano E., Duce P. Environmental monitoring of Su Marmuri cave (Ulassai), a preliminary pic- ture. Proceedings of the Congresso SGI-SIMP 2022 (19 - 21 September 2022), Torino, Italy, p. 552." type="journal volume" year="2022">Cossu et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Su Marmuri cave is a remarkable geoheritage site and a hotspot for the conser- vation of cave-dwelling fauna, hosting a large winter col- ony of about 27.000 individuals of the common bent-wing bat
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3AA54D3CFFE9FFD8FCC3CC54FBCAF8EB" baseAuthorityName="Kuhl" baseAuthorityYear="1817" box="[860,1119,1876,1900]" class="Mammalia" family="Miniopteridae" genus="Miniopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schreibersi">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFE9FFD8FCC3CC54FBCAF8EB" box="[860,1119,1876,1900]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Miniopterus schreibersi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3AA54D3CFFE9FFD8FBEFCC55FB72F8EB" authorityName="Blumenbach" authorityYear="1779" box="[1136,1255,1876,1900]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Chiroptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3AA54D3CFFE9FFD8FB69CC55FA07F8EB" authorityName="Dobson" authorityYear="1875" box="[1270,1426,1876,1900]" class="Mammalia" family="Miniopteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Miniopteridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and several endemic species of subterranean arthropods such as the beetle
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3AA54D3CFFEEFFDFFEF3CBB5FDFDFF4B" baseAuthorityName="Fairmaire" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[364,616,180,204]" class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" genus="Ovobathysciola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gestroi">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFEEFFDFFEF3CBB5FDFDFF4B" box="[364,616,180,204]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Ovobathysciola gestroi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the chilopod
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3AA54D3CFFEEFFDFFF08CBD5FEC0FF6B" authorityName="Silvestri" authorityYear="1908" box="[151,341,212,236]" class="Chilopoda" family="Lithobiidae" genus="Lithobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lithobiomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="doderoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFEEFFDFFF08CBD5FEC0FF6B" box="[151,341,212,236]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Lithobius doderoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see Graffiti 2009). The cave opened to tourism in the mid-1950s and through the years has be- come an important tourist attraction, with approximately 15.000 tourists/year visiting the cave from May to Octo- ber. In light of the biological and geological characteris- tics of the cave and the concurrent pressure of tourism, an environmental monitoring program of Su Marmuri cave started in 2021, in the framework of the research project of national relevance “Showcave”. Data shows how the presence of tourists in the cave during summer does not alter the cave microclimate (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="99344B4EFFEEFFDFFBF1CBF5FAB3FE8B" author="Cinus D. & Cossu Q. A. & Arca A. & Ventura A. & Ferrara R. & Isaia M. & Piano E. & Duce P." box="[1134,1318,244,268]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" refId="ref3748" refString="Cinus D., Cossu Q. A., Arca A., Ventura A., Ferrara R., Isaia M., Piano E. & Duce P. (2021). Environmental monitoring of touristic caves in Sardinia. Proceedings of the XXX Congres- so della Societa Italiana di Ecologia (25 - 27 October 2021), Lecce, Italy, p. 127." type="journal volume" year="2021">Cinus et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="99344B4EFFEEFFDFFAAFCBF5FCECFEAB" author="Cossu Q. A. & Cinus D. & Isaia M. & Piano E. & Duce P. & Environmental monitoring of Su & Proceedings of the Congresso SGI-SIMP" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" refId="ref3820" refString="Cossu Q. A., Cinus D., Isaia M., Piano E., Duce P. Environmental monitoring of Su Marmuri cave (Ulassai), a preliminary pic- ture. Proceedings of the Congresso SGI-SIMP 2022 (19 - 21 September 2022), Torino, Italy, p. 552." type="journal volume" year="2022">Cossu et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Moreover, tourist facilities inside the cave do not seem to have any significant effect on the cave ground that could potentially alter the species habitat. In general terms, the current management of the cave as a tourist attraction does not seem to have negative effects on the survival of this endemic species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="A9DA6637FFEEFFDFFF08CC29FE29F80C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8148354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8148354" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8148354/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" startId="4.[151,190,1832,1851]" targetBox="[151,1451,526,1805]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="FD1A36BFFFEEFFDFFF08CC29FE29F80C" blockId="4.[151,1451,1832,1931]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFEEFFDFFF08CC29FE94F8BC" bold="true" box="[151,257,1832,1851]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Figs. 9-12 –</emphasis>
|
||
Su Marmuri cave (Ogliastra, Sardinia).
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFEEFFDFFDC2CC29FDFDF8BC" bold="true" box="[605,616,1832,1851]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">9</emphasis>
|
||
, Geographic location in Sardinia (red dot) and cave map with occurrence points of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3AA54D3CFFEEFFDFFAA5CC29FF4FF8D2" authorityName="Isaia & Nicolosi" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Gozo" baseAuthorityYear="1908" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tenuiphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sardous" status="n. comb.">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFEEFFDFFAA5CC29FF4FF8D2" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Tenuiphantes sardous</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFEEFFDFFF40CC42FEB9F8D1" bold="true" box="[223,300,1859,1878]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D4E257D6FFEEFFDFFF40CC42FEB9F8D1" box="[223,300,1859,1878]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(blue dots).
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFEEFFDFFE05CC43FE3AF8D2" bold="true" box="[410,431,1858,1877]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">10</emphasis>
|
||
, The sinkhole that gives access to the cave.
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFEEFFDFFCBCCC43FCC6F8D2" bold="true" box="[803,851,1858,1877]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">11-12</emphasis>
|
||
, Alive male specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3AA54D3CFFEEFFDFFBADCC43FB7EF8D2" authorityName="Isaia & Nicolosi" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Gozo" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[1074,1259,1858,1877]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Tenuiphantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sardous" status="n. comb.">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFEEFFDFFBADCC43FB7EF8D2" box="[1074,1259,1858,1877]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Tenuiphantes sardous</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFEEFFDFFB71CC42FAAEF8D1" bold="true" box="[1262,1339,1859,1878]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D4E257D6FFEEFFDFFB71CC42FAAEF8D1" box="[1262,1339,1859,1878]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Photographs by Alessandro Infuso (11) and Marco Isaia (12). Cave map was obtained from Catasto Speleologico Regionale Sardegna, available online at www.catasto- speleologicoregionale.sardegna.it.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="FD1A36BFFFEFFFDEFF17CBB7FDC5FD2B" blockId="5.[136,756,182,684]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="CFD1EAADFFEFFFDEFF17CBB7FEF6FF4C" bold="true" box="[136,355,182,204]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Acknowledgements –</emphasis>
|
||
We are thankful to Antonello Cossu and to Daniela Cinus of CNR-IBE Sassari for organizing the trip to Su Marmuri cave and for assisting us in our Sardinian expedi- tion. A special thanks goes to Antonello Cossu for providing data and suggestions about cave microclimate. Thanks to Cesare Pil- ia and the staff of Su Marmuri cave for his great and friendly hospitality at Su Bullicciu Restaurant. We are grateful to Andrei Tanasevitch for providing advice on genus assignment and for revising anatomical descriptions and illustrations. Alessandro In- fuso was supported by the grant “Spider Conservation in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="85B2762FFFEFFFDEFD22CAD7FD7FFE6B" box="[701,746,470,492]" name="Italy" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||
” (33/2022, University of Torino). The expedition to Su Marmuri cave and the above mentioned grant were funded by the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research in the frame of the PRIN SHOWCAVE “A multidisciplinary research project to study, classify and mitigate the environmental impact in tourist caves” – code 2017HTXT2R (PI: Marco Isaia).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |