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117 lines
12 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.51.9135" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fb2da6f4-ce38-4e71-9dc4-25a7536fc12e" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127902167" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-51-203" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFE6CE007944F37B15278B45FF9A285D" ID-ZBK="DB4AA5747B144544A501B9A8FA1F0C93" ID-Zenodo-Dep="147938" ID-ZooBank="DB4AA5747B144544A501B9A8FA1F0C93" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1314-2607-51-203" ModsDocOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 51" ModsDocTitle="Exotic ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Ohio" checkinTime="1472501763768" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Ivanov, Kaloyan" docDate="2016" docId="CFD6B9962C09401D56A5563DADDCC4CA" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 51: 203-226" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 51" docPubDate="2016-08-29" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.51.9135" docTitle="Tapinoma melanocephalum Fabricius 1793" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="FFE6CE007944F37B15278B45FF9A285D" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="209" masterDocId="FFE6CE007944F37B15278B45FF9A285D" masterDocTitle="Exotic ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Ohio" masterLastPageNumber="226" masterPageNumber="203" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" updateTime="1643503597585" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Exotic ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Ohio</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ivanov, Kaloyan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Recent Invertebrates, Virginia Museum of Natural History, 21 Starling Ave., Martinsville, VA 24112, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">kal.ivanov@vmnh.virginia.gov</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2016-08-29</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>51</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>203</mods:start>
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<mods:end>226</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.51.9135</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.51.9135</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-51-203</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">DB4AA5747B144544A501B9A8FA1F0C93</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFE6CE007944F37B15278B45FF9A285D</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">147938</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127902167" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CFD6B9962C09401D56A5563DADDCC4CA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CFD6B9962C09401D56A5563DADDCC4CA" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="209" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="206" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
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<taxonomicName LSID="CFD6B996-2C09-401D-56A5-563DADDCC4CA" authority="(Fabricius, 1793)" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1793" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tapinoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tapinoma melanocephalum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanocephalum">Tapinoma melanocephalum (Fabricius, 1793)</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="207" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="207">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="207" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
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in Ohio.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="207">
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Widespread in Ohio. Counties:
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Butler</emphasis>
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(material examined: Oxford, Miami University, Belk Greenhouse, 25.ii.2014, leg. S. Mays),
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Cuyahoga</emphasis>
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(material examined: Cleveland, 07.ii.2008, leg. K. Ivanov, and 04.iii.2008, leg. B. Poynter, same locality, in an animal care zoo facility), and
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Franklin</emphasis>
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(photographs examined: Columbus 25-29.ii.2008, photos by S. Heideman, in a conservatory), (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution of Linepithema humile (1), Tapinoma melanocephalum (2), Nylanderia flavipes (3), and Paratrechina longicornis (4) in Ohio." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.51.9135.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/100883" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">1</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="207" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Where found/Habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Indoors, abundant in greenhouses, conservatories and zoo buildings.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="207" type="origin">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Origin.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Indo-Pacific.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="209" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" type="natural history">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="208" start="start">Natural</pageBreakToken>
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history.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
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This widely distributed tramp species is more prevalent in disturbed areas but also has been encountered in natural habitats in its introduced range (
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<bibRefCitation author="Wetterer, JK" journalOrPublisher="Myrmecological News:" pageId="22" pageNumber="225" pagination="23 - 33" refId="B66" refString="Wetterer, JK, 2009. Worldwide spread of the ghost ant, Tapinoma melanocephalum (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Myrmecological News: 12: 23 - 33" title="Worldwide spread of the ghost ant, Tapinoma melanocephalum (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." volume="12" year="2009">Wetterer 2009</bibRefCitation>
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and references therein). Unlike many other exotic ants, this species can be distinguished easily by its minute size, peculiar coloration (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Tapinoma melanocephalum workers from a conservatory in Franklin Co. (Photo: S. Heideman)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.51.9135.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/100884" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">2</figureCitation>
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), and the rapid, erratic movements when disturbed.
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="982097" doi="10.3897/jhr.51.9135.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/100884" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tapinoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tapinoma melanocephalum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanocephalum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Tapinoma melanocephalum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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workers from a conservatory in Franklin Co. (Photo: S. Heideman).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
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Colonies are moderate to large in size, and polygynous, with queens distributed in multiple nests. Additional features characteristic of this ant include unicoloniality, intranidal mating, and colony formation via budding (
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<bibRefCitation author="Bustos, X" journalOrPublisher="Actes des Colloques Insectes Sociaux" pageId="18" pageNumber="221" pagination="95 - 101" refId="B9" refString="Bustos, X, Cherix, D, 1998. Contribution a la biologie de Tapinoma melanocephalum (Fabricius) (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Actes des Colloques Insectes Sociaux 11: 95 - 101" title="Contribution a la biologie de Tapinoma melanocephalum (Fabricius) (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)." volume="11" year="1998">Bustos and Cherix 1998</bibRefCitation>
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). Ghost ants are opportunistic nesters, usually in disturbed areas, and frequently relocate their nests (
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<bibRefCitation author="Wetterer, JK" journalOrPublisher="Myrmecological News:" pageId="22" pageNumber="225" pagination="23 - 33" refId="B66" refString="Wetterer, JK, 2009. Worldwide spread of the ghost ant, Tapinoma melanocephalum (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Myrmecological News: 12: 23 - 33" title="Worldwide spread of the ghost ant, Tapinoma melanocephalum (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." volume="12" year="2009">Wetterer 2009</bibRefCitation>
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). Inside buildings, nests can be found in flowerpots, in small cracks and crevices, beneath baseboards, and in wall spaces (
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<bibRefCitation author="Klotz, JH" journalOrPublisher="Cornell University Press, Ithaca" pageId="20" pageNumber="223" pagination="1 - 196" refId="B35" refString="Klotz, JH, Hansen, L, Pospischil, R, Rust, M, 2008. Urban ants of North America and Europe: identification, biology, and management. Cornell University Press, Ithaca: 1 - 196" title="Urban ants of North America and Europe: identification, biology, and management" year="2008">Klotz et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
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Where it occurs this ant is a major nuisance pest, both indoors and outdoors, that tends mealybugs and scale insects and scavenges for dead insects and food scraps (
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<bibRefCitation author="Smith, MR" journalOrPublisher="USDA Technical Bulletin" pageId="21" pageNumber="224" pagination="1 - 105" refId="B51" refString="Smith, MR, 1965. House-infesting ants of the eastern United States; their recognition, biology, and economic importance. USDA Technical Bulletin 1326: 1 - 105" title="House-infesting ants of the eastern United States; their recognition, biology, and economic importance." volume="1326" year="1965">Smith 1965</bibRefCitation>
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). The ghost ant is confined to greenhouses and other heated buildings in northerly states, which provide the high temperature and environmental humidity needed for the survival of this tropical species. According to
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<bibRefCitation author="Wetterer, JK" journalOrPublisher="Myrmecological News:" pageId="22" pageNumber="225" pagination="23 - 33" refId="B66" refString="Wetterer, JK, 2009. Worldwide spread of the ghost ant, Tapinoma melanocephalum (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Myrmecological News: 12: 23 - 33" title="Worldwide spread of the ghost ant, Tapinoma melanocephalum (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." volume="12" year="2009">Wetterer (2009)</bibRefCitation>
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, at latitudes greater than 30° this species is largely restricted to living inside buildings.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="209">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="209" start="start">I</pageBreakToken>
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have only seen this species at a single animal care facility in the greater Cleveland area where I observed multiple nests in wall spaces and crevices. In addition, numerous foragers were noted near and at reptile feeding stations. In Ohio, this ant is a known conservatory and zoo pest, likely distributed via potted plants or animal feed. Unpublished observations suggest that this ant has been present in the state since at least the early 2000s (B. Poynter and M. Vincent pers. communication).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |