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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1171.104142" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1171-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="7559C2D42DE85144AEFFC98A16172F97" ID-ZooBank="267D0D4559CA4A18A08034768E652607" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1171-1" checkinTime="1689969829564" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Short, Andrew Edward Z. &amp; Giron, Jennifer C." docDate="2023" docId="0C78ECC305FE5034B24A380AB2AE5A95" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1171: 1-112" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1171" docPubDate="2023-07-20" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1171.104142" docTitle="Novochares dentatus Short &amp; Girón 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="6F12BE0D-118D-4A52-B342-43A8270270B9" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" id="7559C2D42DE85144AEFFC98A16172F97" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="7559C2D42DE85144AEFFC98A16172F97" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Novochares Giron &amp; Short (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)" masterLastPageNumber="112" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1689969829564" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods id="60B33121CE49828BDEDCF3FDA9318C42" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="AC626144D5BBDAFDE91CC83191D67299">
<mods:title id="CF223F39107A9E5F3228D58013DF3C19">Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Novochares Giron &amp; Short (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:role id="497E64895385E750A5BDEA18DCA1E854">
<mods:roleTerm id="F38B9DCAE53FD56C69F5D18D51AC8F0D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D3BAFDEFC1A159E583AC2C170C4AFF20">Short, Andrew Edward Z.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="15EB0937024B03A35B00FAA72592277E" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7467-7116</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="CB33810A6CC4B8C1A0364904FEFFBCB1">Department of Entomology &amp; Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9BE19B2299FA5B9873DA015C19752EEB" type="email">aezshort@ku.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="671720B0409A2B2331C407A36DBA7EDA" type="personal">
<mods:role id="225AC89C93E44BACAE04BFE595A2FB5D">
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<mods:namePart id="A4F3F006D6DED7570760A47E4BEF1777">Giron, Jennifer C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8B4064A209F0B569254B768275AC2314" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="86AE4D93B1FF145BE4830F2FD76A7550">Natural Science Research Laboratory, Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:title id="3AB03CDD74ADF92D50EB4306A3575FEB">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="4051595CA8135339C84C83787F4E2FFA">
<mods:date id="965C1A45391F5CF23DB39619F3041999">2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="100811AC55CA4D867887C359C4431B3F" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="EB7F86ED519E21805AE167291A8A4777">2023-07-20</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="2BB185F050E9B6F89A9F5296D72CD3DA" type="volume">
<mods:number id="411E599FAC4AE59660202E3534B4201A">1171</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="5AC9212154EF89B447AE04BDF35719FD">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1171.104142</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="D3C44AFB1479C7B434EB71AEC3C6B021">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="0E3F29432548DBE1DAEDE9A0C144C703" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1171.104142</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="323002D57D8007936E19F50AD933AC2B" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1171-1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0C78ECC305FE5034B24A380AB2AE5A95" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6F12BE0D-118D-4A52-B342-43A8270270B9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0C78ECC305FE5034B24A380AB2AE5A95" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="BEF25A46343B7298A7B7AE3A9FC3D900" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="71A1B96F102A1F96A92798E5423CD01F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="BA72910C404EFBFC8ADC4C4C87D75F5A" LSID="https://zoobank.org/6F12BE0D-118D-4A52-B342-43A8270270B9" authority="Short &amp; Girón, 2023" authorityName="Short &amp; Girón" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares dentatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentatus" status="sp. nov.">Novochares dentatus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9BA6120364D6E73B52E20E1F9E34B38A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0525169F7B918AE9F23EDE1048B0CB65" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="43315BB4FBB880DD8049947969522237" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation id="78A504BD7EAE6460F8B5EAF1045E0F58" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Aedeagi of the Novochares punctatostriatus, Novochares sallaei, and Novochares orchis species groups along with schematic representations of the whole, the parameres (in blue), and the dorsal (in yellow) and ventral (in red) plates of the median lobe A N. dentatus B N. orchis C N. sallaei." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1171.104142.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/881171" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 4A</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="4A4A4C4A2E8CE56AA3C3AD2BC292B979" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Dorsal habitus of Novochares spp. A N. dentatus B N. punctatostriatus C N. pertusus D N. triangularis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1171.104142.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/881181" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 14A</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="0351D7D13875D0714636AC1470280B1C" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of the Novochares punctatostriatus species group A-D N. dentatus E, F N. spangleri G, H N. geminus I N. triangularis J, K N. pertusus L-Q N. punctatostriatus A-C Venezuela D Ecuador L-N Suriname O Peru P, Q Brazil. A, E, G, I, J, L, O, P dorsal view H, M, Q ventral view C, F, N oblique view K lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1171.104142.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/881182" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 15A-D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="DF7122F0C2B2F9E32473AAD382ED282B" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Distribution of Novochares punctatostriatus species group A N. punctatostriatus (red), N. pertusus (yellow) B N. dentatus (red), N. triangularis (yellow), N. spangleri (blue), N. geminus (green)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1171.104142.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/881183" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 16B</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="15297A9E8DD4DE0059547C41D705B08F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph id="799654C0FE83300283CE728CF81168B8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C9AB0CECDE1C81BD0AE7837DE114A090" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="83EF7C6743D825153AA4A69ED576EE41" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="C706D3ABE36572F45A02A6AC349E40AB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
(male)
</emphasis>
: &quot;VENEZUELA: Amazonas State/
<geoCoordinate id="1E27EBCE28C6AC88CDE3A06FFDCA910F" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="20.514" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="5.3419">5°20.514'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2E7EFB1DA6CB23D12895293046AEF338" degrees="67" direction="west" minutes="45.315" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-67.75525">67°45.315'W</geoCoordinate>
, 87m/ S. Communidad Porvenir/ 15.i.2009; leg. Miller &amp; Short/ VZ09-0115-03B/ small streamlet (MIZA).
<emphasis id="62260869E71A0E6E93DC8A27E24F8D38" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="77AAE39ABA5CD1B693952601E32C1596" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratypes</emphasis>
(57 exs.): Venezuela: Amazonas
</emphasis>
: 5 km
<taxonomicName id="1B16BC917900FCC2854CA04E87190129" genus="N." lsidName="N." pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">N.</taxonomicName>
Galipero, Pozo Azul, 25.i.1989, leg. Spangler, Faitoute, &amp; Barr, &quot;roots, stream edge&quot; (1, USNM); same data as holotype (25, MIZA, SEMC, including DNA Voucher SLE1199); ca. 15 km S. Puerto Ayacucho, large rock outcrop, 14.ix.2007, leg. Short, pools at base of outcrop, AS-07-011a (2, SEMC); same locality but 8.viii.2008, leg. Short &amp;
<normalizedToken id="D908B9E8F7587A96F28E0F7689C90480" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
, pools at base of outcrop, AS-08-081a (4, SEMC); same locality but 14.i.2009, leg. Short, &quot;rock pools et al&quot;, VZ09-0114-03B (5, SEMC); Tobogan de la Selva, 5.i.2006, leg. Short, pools in rock w/sand, AS-06-011c (1, SEMC); nr. Iboruwa, 7.viii.2008, leg. Short,
<normalizedToken id="C141111087850BF7A39D732BCE4A670B" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
, &amp; Joly, AS-08-078 (6, SEMC); Puerto Ayacucho (39 km S.), Samariapo road, 15.xi.1987, leg. Spangler &amp; Faitoute,
<normalizedToken id="27E144C52822180E210DA40BFEB07C62" originalValue="“brook”">&quot;brook&quot;</normalizedToken>
, Collection #4 (1, USNM).
<emphasis id="2EB049702DA93CFB42D94D28F8D6447B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecuador: Pastaza</emphasis>
: AGIP platform Villano B, along transect 1 and 2, 24.v.2008, leg. Short, small forest stream, AS-08-008b (12, PUCE, SEMC, including DNA voucher SLE1188).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CF7A769F64B29EA2D49AE48B7D702E3B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
<paragraph id="3AA305F9296174AC545B68029293923F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E097783FB05FF6B34AAA0ABB198318D9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The distinctive rows of serial punctures on the lateral and posterior margins of the elytra serve to separate this species from all other
<taxonomicName id="2A61255E374FEE05EF972C37DBAD0223" authorityName="Giron &amp; Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="30D13B4F7C91A6645138A4107598075B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
except a few others in the
<taxonomicName id="4FC66A8C53D72E9A1DA3E51B9ABD40F7" authorityName="Short &amp; Girón" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares punctatostriatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctatostriatus">
<emphasis id="5535CC4117FD4D31878184013F2B7006" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares punctatostriatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group, particularly
<taxonomicName id="B396AAF64A6455DADED01A612DF44C09" lsidName="N. punctatostriatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="punctatostriatus">
<emphasis id="DA08200C57D7F9EC8E8D7A71DD3F2168" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. punctatostriatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which also occurs throughout much of the Amazonian region. However, as far as is known, the ranges of the two species do not overlap, with
<taxonomicName id="B531AEB68CB3E3143B36B80BF7B6216A" lsidName="N. dentatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dentatus">
<emphasis id="D98D278D797EAA7DB3065C3D3192B166" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. dentatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
being more northern and western in distribution. The two species can be distinguished by the impression of the rows of serial punctures, which are more impressed and prominent in
<taxonomicName id="E3878E66F875674A45CE5385AF986F97" lsidName="N. punctatostriatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="punctatostriatus">
<emphasis id="BE04BD7F8718A264E8FC6BF560C5E351" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. punctatostriatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as well as the presence of small denticles on the aedeagus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="0A49544440CB352451D22C78D85073A6" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of the Novochares punctatostriatus species group A-D N. dentatus E, F N. spangleri G, H N. geminus I N. triangularis J, K N. pertusus L-Q N. punctatostriatus A-C Venezuela D Ecuador L-N Suriname O Peru P, Q Brazil. A, E, G, I, J, L, O, P dorsal view H, M, Q ventral view C, F, N oblique view K lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1171.104142.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/881182" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15A</figureCitation>
; denticles absent in
<taxonomicName id="556B8D83FAE6320947962743A9278DFF" lsidName="N. punctatostriatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="punctatostriatus">
<emphasis id="9DA5C21C553E19F45FC6DBACD5929B2D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. punctatostriatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, e.g., Fig.
<figureCitation id="C1CA0B812A338E607F42D204F8452872" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of the Novochares punctatostriatus species group A-D N. dentatus E, F N. spangleri G, H N. geminus I N. triangularis J, K N. pertusus L-Q N. punctatostriatus A-C Venezuela D Ecuador L-N Suriname O Peru P, Q Brazil. A, E, G, I, J, L, O, P dorsal view H, M, Q ventral view C, F, N oblique view K lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1171.104142.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/881182" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15L</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6ADB72F5B8DD6FEBF1D3C5A09F687943" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="4B81F0008E29C68B6AB6EFB3B66D70AA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A8DA1FDEF298351E52193B9129C95BDE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="F188D0E3B0ADC2165B0F04EAE84B0DD2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Size and form</emphasis>
: Body length 4.7-6.5 mm.
<emphasis id="9841135AF58726D782AA8A79EA116FC9" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Coloration</emphasis>
: Dorsal surfaces dark brown, with slightly paler margins of pronotum and elytra, occasionally paler clypeus; paler margin sometimes very wide.
<emphasis id="C19995052FBC02A7C532EAF3F33994E1" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head</emphasis>
: Maxillary palps as long as to slightly longer than width of head, uniformly orange in color (Fig.
<figureCitation id="DA8540B3165F661C7F8B3744D84D01DB" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Dorsal habitus of Novochares spp. A N. dentatus B N. punctatostriatus C N. pertusus D N. triangularis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1171.104142.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/881181" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14A</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="23706979D327A6F44B067F5AECC30560" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thorax</emphasis>
: Each elytron with defined rows of serial punctures along posterior 1/3 and lateral 1/2. Prosternum medially weakly and broadly convex. Posterior elevation of mesoventrite transverse, low, and slightly curved (posteriorly concave).
<emphasis id="7631D969ADA635EA2F8FBE326B42435D" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aedeagus</emphasis>
: (Figs
<figureCitation id="1B6FCC0064182BD9F106D3F64AE67ACE" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Aedeagi of the Novochares punctatostriatus, Novochares sallaei, and Novochares orchis species groups along with schematic representations of the whole, the parameres (in blue), and the dorsal (in yellow) and ventral (in red) plates of the median lobe A N. dentatus B N. orchis C N. sallaei." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1171.104142.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/881171" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="70F86576D46DD0850BEC7825B8BD42A0" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Aedeagi of the Novochares punctatostriatus species group A-D N. dentatus E, F N. spangleri G, H N. geminus I N. triangularis J, K N. pertusus L-Q N. punctatostriatus A-C Venezuela D Ecuador L-N Suriname O Peru P, Q Brazil. A, E, G, I, J, L, O, P dorsal view H, M, Q ventral view C, F, N oblique view K lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1171.104142.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/881182" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15A-D</figureCitation>
) lateral projection on apical region of outer margin of each paramere rounded to pointed; at closest point, dorsal inner margins of parameres separated by distance similar to greatest width of a paramere; dorsal plate of median lobe with small denticle on each lateral margin, proximal to base of fork; arms of dorsal plate of median lobe parallel to distally converging; each arm parallel sided, slightly wider on apical region, apically oblique with inner margin extending beyond outer margin; notch between arms at base nearly as broad as base of an arm; ventral plate of median lobe gradually more sclerotized distally, at widest point nearly as wide as maximum width of ventral face of a paramere, apically acuminate, apex extending beyond base of fork, not reaching apex of arms of dorsal plate, ventral surface of each side medially sharply elevated forming narrow medial slit; basal piece 0.3
<normalizedToken id="2D87A6FFFE048F53FEB5B8B2FD06B7A4" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
length of a paramere.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="69B281FB2FE7E3A868C6FB45ACD05FB8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="672625144DA91983FBDE782EC42E2F0D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="15F1F380E1103C1254D397AE232463DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="B1B5D20A803797DB5CFDC821D9728974" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dentatus</emphasis>
(L.), meaning toothed, in reference to the small, lateral, tooth-like projections on the dorsal plate of the median lobe.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="41283E852B83B7B279CBDDABFA80708E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="5B5086EADDEFEEC15BCD2E3281CC5C4B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="503CB2F438E8FA75606EB0A11B2FF00A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Venezuela, Ecuador (Fig.
<figureCitation id="C0EF6CCC1204D849719863138DB5966C" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Distribution of Novochares punctatostriatus species group A N. punctatostriatus (red), N. pertusus (yellow) B N. dentatus (red), N. triangularis (yellow), N. spangleri (blue), N. geminus (green)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1171.104142.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/881183" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="EF9E3AF126E040D067B455D7FD00DBD7" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1171.104142.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/881183" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 16" startId="F16">
<paragraph id="CB36759583E0C56EBBB03FE5D71057AD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="C0D4F2BF41B8D20DC4682BBE3928A397" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 16.</emphasis>
Distribution of
<taxonomicName id="6B6899C6DF932DC2178F3B77ABF37516" authorityName="Short &amp; Girón" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Novochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Novochares punctatostriatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctatostriatus">
<emphasis id="3D103ABC14EA4A40EED5745C6B2658A5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novochares punctatostriatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group
<emphasis id="4DC88CDEA3B686673869C02ECB9919B5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C0C25FBE41E3A8E89041021DECE4FAD9" lsidName="N. punctatostriatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="punctatostriatus">
<emphasis id="714E9BD566129C8075446A1C77985883" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. punctatostriatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(red),
<taxonomicName id="A32F0932D2F8123AB559C06427F4804D" lsidName="N. pertusus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pertusus">
<emphasis id="0499CDB39A571EC00F29A7F668B45BE0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. pertusus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(yellow)
<emphasis id="2634B695D28FD2472ACCD6C1E68BA6D7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C59F7DD9A34155CD70E100E775EC3E6E" lsidName="N. dentatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dentatus">
<emphasis id="50A26DD3639099303E45B180AF6DFE8E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. dentatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(red),
<taxonomicName id="B5025FF9275285ECBBF9FF0E9593D66B" lsidName="N. triangularis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="triangularis">
<emphasis id="D189CA7ED13A3ACD31AA90E067F0D580" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. triangularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(yellow),
<taxonomicName id="538D74129837453196E5487AEB0FB32C" lsidName="N. spangleri" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="spangleri">
<emphasis id="39C9B6A602FC77C2A54F796732DC818F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. spangleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(blue),
<taxonomicName id="E1507C4BDF5388CB0E5D851C51978EF2" lsidName="N. geminus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="geminus">
<emphasis id="121FDBA4A340B91323197FDD1CD8686D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. geminus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(green).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7677BD0E16B9ADB612FC6E5D99612ED6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
<paragraph id="8866F8C1F298512E6372253D2F1D5CDF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="203AC82762EA3F9BEE345EC3ACF3EE29" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">In Venezuela, this species was typically found along the margins of streams that were flowing on or near granite outcrops. The series from Ecuador was taken from a small forested stream with lots of detritus, though it did not appear to be associated with any rocky substrate.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6F2C1C8F5E1F2BDFA825282CAF32D852" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="6947120430522138AA0020CE4B4C1752" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0193991B5BAFF2F21FCA1A35041DFDFD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Specimens from Ecuador tend to be smaller and more yellowish than specimens from Venezuela (specimens from the
<normalizedToken id="31F121790DB94755BD40C50A50B27B19" originalValue="“Tobogancito”">&quot;Tobogancito&quot;</normalizedToken>
locality are similar in size to specimens from Ecuador). The eyes of specimens from Venezuela are relatively larger and more prominent than those of specimens from Ecuador.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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