448 lines
49 KiB
XML
448 lines
49 KiB
XML
<document id="D13AD1A9D893364C8E19DC4892D55937" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.158118" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5e154114-9534-4520-8328-e91c06272055" ID-ISSN="11755326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="158118" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461037922377" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Dubovikoff, Dmitry A. & Longino, John T." docDate="2004" docId="F00487D6E244FFA9FE86FD91FD045359" docLanguage="en" docName="zt00776.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 776" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Bothriomyrmex paradoxus Dubovikov and Longino, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="0C3DFFAEE246FFAEFF8EFF9DFFD25637" masterDocTitle="A new species of the genus Bothriomyrmex Emery, 1869 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Dolichoderinae) from Costa Rica" masterLastPageNumber="10" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1698574879152" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="A2A3791798F4B2FC338326060699204D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0D3FB58D6FF96CD2168A970EFFFF0B99">
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<mods:title id="02967D08E5F46228403FD80FFA5B483D">A new species of the genus Bothriomyrmex Emery, 1869 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Dolichoderinae) from Costa Rica</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="6DE31282C11E195CD89C0508C462BBBA" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="8BBDC8CA8D1B065771DB4920ADAEAE78">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F72CD43FAD0C572163FD60B87ED5044D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="E19265A74496537F5A9F7BF79639BC11">Dubovikoff, Dmitry A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="6E0CAA7299B147BFAE4C4249ECE6BFA3" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="D443B90D4E1F072741ED85A8181D25D9">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C1CBE232F4D66EC864128A95955CE83F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="6C7A5A4A14DAF58EA32AA81DD008B6B3">Longino, John T.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="EB6CB04AA02842D29AE6695A590D0329">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="A800ED6EB3545D0199C78F8D270A0D0D">
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<mods:title id="595222125AEC4B56DD95F09D126B326B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="B2F2854F413CF025ACABDECF511C2315">
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<mods:date id="28033DBC24A41598F9CAD2100CF8FC23">2004</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="653F199A0D3D704E383F270F3D9A608F" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="5810C7B3761D39CB1AC27290C09AD429">776</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="FC0E426829F7A4EA006D7C04E36ABD01">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="1DEED12057831772E7C826553E2B60EA">10</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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<mods:classification id="DE3E0CD24D9FAF01550CDB9134BC13D5">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="ACBA2AE3936CEC756962A91F64A73284" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.158118</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F87ECEE5D53F5379AF0CA293B1F89BA1" type="GBIF-Dataset">5e154114-9534-4520-8328-e91c06272055</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C4D92F50D3C9BD5DD7EA2AA3B35485A4" type="ISSN">11755326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0FAF366C623A4A60F9905A3FF344F5A8" type="Zenodo-Dep">158118</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="132978D90E2BEE8F01275352531A3597" type="ZooBank">F0B01863-9267-4F0B-A3E9-03C5B852BC3C</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="F00487D6E244FFA9FE86FD91FD045359" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6269332" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119609187" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6269332" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F00487D6E244FFA9FE86FD91FD045359" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F00487D6E244FFA9FE86FD91FD045359" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<subSubSection id="30B7654BE244FFACFE86FD91FE41547E" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="781236C0E244FFACFE86FD91FC3D5412" blockId="2.[264,1007,523,585]" box="[264,1007,523,550]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<heading id="235A81ACE244FFACFE86FD91FC3D5412" bold="true" box="[264,1007,523,550]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E244FFACFE86FD91FC3D5412" bold="true" box="[264,1007,523,550]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E244FFACFE86FD91FC575412" authority="Dubovikov and Longino" authorityName="Dubovikov and Longino" box="[264,901,523,550]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Bothriomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E244FFACFE86FD91FD9F5411" bold="true" box="[264,589,524,550]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Bothriomyrmex paradoxus</emphasis>
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Dubovikov and Longino
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="51EA57A9E244FFACFC1CFD96FC3D5412" box="[914,1007,523,549]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="781236C0E244FFACFE86FDB2FE41547E" blockId="2.[264,1007,523,585]" box="[264,403,559,585]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<figureCitation id="E0962A45E244FFACFE86FDB2FE41547E" box="[264,403,559,585]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="2.[264,368,1864,1888]" captionStartId-1="3.[264,368,1841,1865]" captionStartId-2="5.[264,367,1813,1837]" captionStartId-3="6.[264,368,897,921]" captionStartId-4="6.[264,368,1822,1846]" captionTargetBox-0="[264,1323,1030,1850]" captionTargetBox-1="[413,1174,310,1817]" captionTargetBox-2="[283,1302,834,1805]" captionTargetBox-3="[418,1161,329,853]" captionTargetBox-4="[411,1175,993,1806]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[264,1323,1030,1850]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[386,1205,308,1834]" captionTargetId-2="figure@5.[261,1325,828,1807]" captionTargetId-3="figure@6.[409,1177,329,870]" captionTargetId-4="figure@6.[382,1211,992,1817]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionTargetPageId-3="6" captionTargetPageId-4="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Collection localities of Bothriomyrmex paradoxus." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Bothriomyrmex paradoxus queen. a. Face view, holotype. b. Lateral view, holotype. c. Wing, paratype." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Bothriomyrmex paradoxus worker. a. Lateral view. b. Mandible. c. Petiole. d. Mouthparts and anterior head capsule, ventral view. b, c, d not to scale." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Bothriomyrmex paradoxus male, lateral view. Inset is enlarged view of petiole." captionText-4="FIGURE 5. Bothriomyrmex paradoxus larva. a. Lateral view. b. Dorsal view." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/169596/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/169597/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/169598/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/169599/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/169600/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figures 1–5</figureCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="30B7654BE244FFAAFE86FDE2FC7C5799" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="781236C0E244FFACFE86FDE2FC3754DE" blockId="2.[264,1323,639,985]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E244FFACFE86FDE2FE1154AF" box="[264,451,639,664]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<typeStatus id="A7168862E244FFACFE86FDE2FEA154AF" box="[264,371,639,664]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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queen
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</emphasis>
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:
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<collectingCountry id="00BA7650E244FFACFE5AFDE2FD8854AE" box="[468,602,639,665]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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, Prov. Guanacaste, Guanacaste Conservation Area, Estación Cacao,
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<geoCoordinate id="1D995007E244FFACFEEEFD3AFE1354F6" box="[352,449,679,705]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="925" value="10.916667">10°55'N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="1D995007E244FFACFE46FD3AFDFD54F6" box="[456,559,679,705]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="925" value="-85.5">85°30'W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="BF559B25E244FFACFDB5FD3AFD5C54F6" box="[571,654,679,705]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="0C131000E244FFACFD14FD3AFCFC54F6" box="[666,814,679,705]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" value="2003-02-22">22 Feb 2003</date>
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, tropical montane moist forest, sweep sample (J. S. Noyes), specimen barcode
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<collectionCode id="1EBCAE05E244FFACFD3DFD52FD2754DE" box="[691,757,719,745]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">JTLC</collectionCode>
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000004280 [
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<collectionCode id="1EBCAE05E244FFACFC06FD52FC0854DE" box="[904,986,719,745]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/931n-s1te" name="National Biodiversity Institute, Costa Rica" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">INBio</collectionCode>
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].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="781236C0E244FFACFEB6FD6AFDE355EE" blockId="2.[264,1323,639,985]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<typeStatus id="A7168862E244FFACFEB6FD6AFE7D5527" box="[312,431,759,784]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="paratype">
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<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E244FFACFEB6FD6AFE7D5527" box="[312,431,759,784]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Paratypes</emphasis>
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</typeStatus>
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: 3 queens and
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<specimenCount id="6EABFD49E244FFACFDE7FD6AFD1A5526" box="[617,712,759,785]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
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||
, same data as
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<typeStatus id="A7168862E244FFACFCF4FD6AFC325526" box="[890,992,759,785]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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[
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<collectionCode id="1EBCAE05E244FFACFC7CFD6AFBF95526" box="[1010,1067,759,785]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">ZIN</collectionCode>
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]; queen and
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<specimenCount id="6EABFD49E244FFACFB4BFD6AFAF65526" box="[1221,1316,759,785]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
|
||
, same data as
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<typeStatus id="A7168862E244FFACFE2CFC82FDDA550E" box="[418,520,799,825]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
[
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<collectionCode id="1EBCAE05E244FFACFD98FC82FDA0550E" box="[534,626,799,825]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">MCZC</collectionCode>
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||
]; 2 queens, same data as
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<typeStatus id="A7168862E244FFACFC1DFC82FC28550E" box="[915,1018,799,825]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
[
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<collectionCode id="1EBCAE05E244FFACFB89FC82FBB0550E" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" box="[1031,1122,799,825]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">LACM</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="1EBCAE05E244FFACFBE3FC82FB6F550E" box="[1133,1213,799,825]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/931n-s1te" name="National Biodiversity Institute, Costa Rica" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">INBio</collectionCode>
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||
];
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<specimenCount id="6EABFD49E244FFACFB41FC82FEFF5556" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="worker">5 workers</specimenCount>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="00BA7650E244FFACFEB3FCDAFE115556" box="[317,451,839,865]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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, Prov. Heredia,
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<quantity id="BF559B25E244FFACFD07FCDAFD045556" box="[649,726,839,865]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="km" value="11.0">11 km</quantity>
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SE La Virgen,
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<geoCoordinate id="1D995007E244FFACFC17FCDAFC2E5556" box="[921,1020,839,865]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="925" value="10.333333">10º20´N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="1D995007E244FFACFB89FCDAFBA25556" box="[1031,1136,839,865]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="925" value="-84.066666">84º04´W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="BF559B25E244FFACFB0EFCDAFB175556" box="[1152,1221,839,865]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="m" value="500.0">500m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="0C131000E244FFACFB5BFCDAFE9755BE" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" value="2003-04-19">19 Apr 2003</date>
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, coll. R. Vargas C., 05–RVC007 [
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<collectionCode id="1EBCAE05E244FFACFD51FCF2FCCA55BE" box="[735,792,879,905]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">ZIN</collectionCode>
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];
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<specimenCount id="6EABFD49E244FFACFCA3FCF2FC7755BE" box="[813,933,879,905]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="worker">4 workers</specimenCount>
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||
, same data [
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<collectionCode id="1EBCAE05E244FFACFBB9FCF2FB4855BE" box="[1079,1178,879,905]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">MHNG</collectionCode>
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||
];
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<specimenCount id="6EABFD49E244FFACFB20FCF2FAF455BE" box="[1198,1318,879,905]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="worker">5 workers</specimenCount>
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||
, same data but
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<date id="0C131000E244FFACFE4EFC0AFDB25586" box="[448,608,919,945]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" value="2003-02-16">16 Feb 2003</date>
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, coll. J. Longino (JTL4938) [same colony] [
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<collectionCode id="1EBCAE05E244FFACFB04FC0AFB1A5586" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" box="[1162,1224,919,945]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">CAS</collectionCode>
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||
,
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||
<collectionCode id="1EBCAE05E244FFACFB57FC0AFAF75586" box="[1241,1317,919,945]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/931n-s1te" name="National Biodiversity Institute, Costa Rica" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">INBio</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="1EBCAE05E244FFACFE86FC22FEB255EE" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" box="[264,352,959,985]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">LACM</collectionCode>
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||
,
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||
<collectionCode id="1EBCAE05E244FFACFEE5FC22FE6D55EE" box="[363,447,959,985]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kd99-229r" name="R. M. Bohart Museum of Entomology" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">UCDC</collectionCode>
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||
,
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||
<collectionCode id="1EBCAE05E244FFACFE45FC22FDF455EE" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[459,550,959,985]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
].
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="2CD26648E244FFACFE86F8D5FC7D5157" box="[264,943,1864,1888]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169596/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" targetBox="[264,1323,1030,1850]" targetPageId="2">
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<paragraph id="781236C0E244FFACFE86F8D5FC7D5157" blockId="2.[264,943,1864,1888]" box="[264,943,1864,1888]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E244FFACFE86F8D5FE585157" bold="true" box="[264,394,1864,1888]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
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||
Collection localities of
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||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E244FFACFD05F8D4FC755157" box="[651,935,1865,1888]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Bothriomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E244FFACFD05F8D4FC755157" box="[651,935,1865,1888]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Bothriomyrmex paradoxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="2CD26648E245FFADFE86F8ACFE61515C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169597/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" targetBox="[413,1174,310,1817]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="781236C0E245FFADFE86F8ACFE61515C" blockId="3.[264,1322,1841,1899]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E245FFADFE86F8ACFE58517E" bold="true" box="[264,394,1841,1865]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E245FFADFE1CF8AFFD7D517E" box="[402,687,1842,1865]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Bothriomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E245FFADFE1CF8AFFD7D517E" box="[402,687,1842,1865]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Bothriomyrmex paradoxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
queen. a. Face view, holotype. b. Lateral view, holotype. c. Wing, paratype.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="781236C0E242FFAAFEB6FE81FD7C5769" blockId="4.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E242FFAAFEB6FE81FD815702" box="[312,595,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<typeStatus id="A7168862E242FFAAFEB6FE81FE715702" box="[312,419,284,309]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
measurements
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||
</emphasis>
|
||
: HL 0.600; HW 0.526; SL 0.424; TL 0.697; TH 0.448;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="00BA7650E242FFAAFA88FE81FAFE5701" box="[1286,1324,284,310]" name="Philippines" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">PH</collectingCountry>
|
||
0.227; TI 0.643; CI 0.876; SI 0.706.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="781236C0E242FFAAFEB6FEF1FC7C5799" blockId="4.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E242FFAAFEB6FEF1FCB857B2" box="[312,874,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<typeStatus id="A7168862E242FFAAFEB6FEF1FE7157B2" box="[312,419,364,389]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
measurements (average for 3 queens)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: HL 0.600; HW 0.543; SL 0.436; TL 0.700; TH 0.450;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="00BA7650E242FFAAFE57FE09FE2D5799" box="[473,511,404,430]" name="Philippines" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">PH</collectingCountry>
|
||
0.257; TI 0.643; CI 0.905; SI 0.726.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="30B7654BE242FFAAFEB6FE21FCE05479" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="781236C0E242FFAAFEB6FE21FDE957C9" blockId="4.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E242FFAAFEB6FE21FCA257E2" box="[312,880,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<typeStatus id="A7168862E242FFAAFEB6FE21FE7157E2" box="[312,419,444,469]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
measurements (average for
|
||
<specimenCount id="6EABFD49E242FFAAFD7CFE21FCB557E2" box="[754,871,444,469]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="worker">5 workers</specimenCount>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: HL 0.586; HW 0.520; SL 0.434;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="00BA7650E242FFAAFA88FE21FAFE57E1" box="[1286,1324,444,470]" name="Philippines" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">PH</collectingCountry>
|
||
0.239; CI 0.888; SI 0.742.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="781236C0E242FFAAFEB6FD91FCE05479" blockId="4.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E242FFAAFEB6FD91FCB25412" box="[312,864,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<typeStatus id="A7168862E242FFAAFEB6FD91FE715412" box="[312,419,524,549]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
measurements (average for
|
||
<specimenCount id="6EABFD49E242FFAAFD75FD91FC8A5412" box="[763,856,524,549]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: HL 0.457; HW 0.479; SL 0.257; OL 0.171;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="00BA7650E242FFAAFED7FDA9FEAD5479" box="[345,383,564,590]" name="Philippines" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">PH</collectingCountry>
|
||
0.179; OI 0.667; CI 1.047; SI 0.563.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="30B7654BE242FFAAFEB6FDC1FC3254A9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="781236C0E242FFAAFEB6FDC1FC3254A9" blockId="4.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E242FFAAFEB6FDC1FE675442" box="[312,437,604,629]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
: named for the paradoxical occurrence of this species in the New World, when the genus was previously considered strictly Old World.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="30B7654BE242FFAAFEB6FD31FB6754D9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="781236C0E242FFAAFEB6FD31FB6754D9" blockId="4.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E242FFAAFEB6FD31FE7D54F2" box="[312,431,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
: Queen with short suberect setae on mesosoma and gaster; queen mesosoma short and high (TI> 0.64); worker mesosoma with impressed metanotal groove.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="30B7654BE242FFAAFEB6FD61FC8950B1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="781236C0E242FFAAFEB6FD61FC9B5261" blockId="4.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E242FFAAFEB6FD61FDF65522" box="[312,548,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Description (queen)</emphasis>
|
||
: Palp formula 4:3; head oblong, with rounded posterolateral vertex margins; suberect hairs of variable length on genae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E0962A45E242FFAAFC2BFCB9FC3F5509" box="[933,1005,804,830]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[264,368,1841,1865]" captionTargetBox="[413,1174,310,1817]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[386,1205,308,1834]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Bothriomyrmex paradoxus queen. a. Face view, holotype. b. Lateral view, holotype. c. Wing, paratype." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169597/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
a); clypeus broad, width in center
|
||
<quantity id="BF559B25E242FFAAFED5FCD1FE6B5551" box="[347,441,844,870]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
(average for 4 queens), with curved setae on anterior margin; mandible long, with outer and basal margin subparallel, masticatory margin with three teeth and 4 5 denticles; mesosoma short and high, with erect setae on dorsum and posterior face of propodeum; wings with closed cubital and radial cells (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E0962A45E242FFAAFC37FC59FBD255E9" box="[953,1024,964,990]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[264,368,1864,1888]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,1030,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[264,1323,1030,1850]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Collection localities of Bothriomyrmex paradoxus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169596/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
c); petiole with strongly developed ventral lobe, dorsal scale inclined anteriorly; gaster with many long setae on posterolateral margins of tergites; body dark brown; entire body with short suberect pubescence, distance between hairs subequal to length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="781236C0E242FFAAFEB6FBF9FD1B5359" blockId="4.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E242FFAAFEB6FBF9FDE2524A" box="[312,560,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Description (worker)</emphasis>
|
||
: Palp formula 4:3; medial hypostoma absent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E0962A45E242FFAAFBC2FBF9FB435249" box="[1100,1169,1124,1150]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[264,367,1813,1837]" captionTargetBox="[283,1302,834,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[261,1325,828,1807]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bothriomyrmex paradoxus worker. a. Lateral view. b. Mandible. c. Petiole. d. Mouthparts and anterior head capsule, ventral view. b, c, d not to scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169598/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
d); head with two long setae on the frons, two on the posterior clypeal margin, and many curved setae on the anterior clypeal margin; metanotal groove impressed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E0962A45E242FFAAFC30FB29FBD452F9" box="[958,1030,1204,1230]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[264,367,1813,1837]" captionTargetBox="[283,1302,834,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[261,1325,828,1807]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bothriomyrmex paradoxus worker. a. Lateral view. b. Mandible. c. Petiole. d. Mouthparts and anterior head capsule, ventral view. b, c, d not to scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169598/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
a); dorsal face of propodeum rounded, much shorter than posterior face; petiolar node scalelike, tall, inclined anteriorly; ventral margin of petiole with prominent lobe (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E0962A45E242FFAAFC34FA99FBD35329" box="[954,1025,1284,1310]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[264,367,1813,1837]" captionTargetBox="[283,1302,834,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[261,1325,828,1807]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bothriomyrmex paradoxus worker. a. Lateral view. b. Mandible. c. Petiole. d. Mouthparts and anterior head capsule, ventral view. b, c, d not to scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169598/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
c); gaster with long setae on posterior margins of tergites; pubescence short and dense over entire body; body dark brown, with lighter antennae and legs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="781236C0E242FFAAFEB6FAE1FD645001" blockId="4.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E242FFAAFEB6FAE1FDC453A2" box="[312,534,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Description (male)</emphasis>
|
||
: Scape long, projecting beyond outer eye margin (in face view) by about half of its length; propodeum rounded, without differentiated dorsal and posterior faces; petiole with short anterior peduncle; petiolar node low, thin, vertical; ventral margin of petiole with small anterior denticle and strongly developed medial lobe (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E0962A45E242FFAAFBF0FA69FB1A5039" box="[1150,1224,1524,1550]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[264,368,897,921]" captionTargetBox="[418,1161,329,853]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[409,1177,329,870]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Bothriomyrmex paradoxus male, lateral view. Inset is enlarged view of petiole." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169599/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
); sagitta thin, with apex weakly folded down.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="781236C0E242FFAAFEB6F9D9FC8950B1" blockId="4.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E242FFAAFEB6F9D9FDC9506A" box="[312,539,1604,1629]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Description (larva)</emphasis>
|
||
: Body with two protuberances on the prothorax, located ventrolaterally; hairs short; eight pairs of spiracles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E0962A45E242FFAAFC8BF9F1FC9E50B1" box="[773,844,1644,1670]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[264,368,1822,1846]" captionTargetBox="[411,1175,993,1806]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[382,1211,992,1817]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Bothriomyrmex paradoxus larva. a. Lateral view. b. Dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169600/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="30B7654BE242FFA9FEB6F909FC265441" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="781236C0E242FFABFEB6F909FBA854D9" blockId="4.[264,1324,284,1870]" lastBlockId="5.[264,1323,284,750]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E242FFAAFEB6F909FE41509A" box="[312,403,1684,1709]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Biology</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E242FFAAFE26F909FD3A509A" box="[424,744,1684,1709]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Bothriomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E242FFAAFE26F909FD3A509A" box="[424,744,1684,1709]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Bothriomyrmex paradoxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known from two different collections from widely separated localities in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="00BA7650E242FFAAFDE1F921FD2350E1" box="[623,753,1724,1750]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="E0962A45E242FFAAFC8AF921FC9950E1" box="[772,843,1724,1750]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[264,368,1864,1888]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,1030,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[264,1323,1030,1850]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Collection localities of Bothriomyrmex paradoxus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169596/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). One collection was made in
|
||
<date id="0C131000E242FFAAFB4FF921FE9750C9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2003-02">February 2003</date>
|
||
, during the Project
|
||
<collectingCountry id="00BA7650E242FFAAFDA5F979FDAA50C9" box="[555,632,1764,1790]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">ALAS</collectingCountry>
|
||
expeditions to the
|
||
<quantity id="BF559B25E242FFAAFCD9F979FC4850C9" box="[855,922,1764,1790]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="m" value="500.0">500m</quantity>
|
||
site on the Volcan Barva transect. The expeditions were based at the "El Ceibo" guard station, on the west bank of the Rio Peje. The station building itself is in pasture abutting mature rainforest. A few meters inside the forest a large tree had fallen sometime during the months prior to the expeditions. A few of the tree's leaves were still green; most were brown but still attached to branches. There were still extensive epiphyte mats covering the trunk and major branches. Longino collected from beneath these mats and found
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E243FFABFC00FE09FB97579A" box="[910,1093,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Bothriomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E243FFABFC00FE09FB97579A" box="[910,1093,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Bothriomyrmex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
workers and brood piles to be abundant beneath most of the mats. Large
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E243FFABFC27FE21FB9F57E1" box="[937,1101,444,470]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Margarodidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E243FFABFBEFFE21FE8457C9" authority="Coccoidea" authorityName="Coccoidea" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera, Coccoidea</taxonomicName>
|
||
) were also scattered amongst the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E243FFABFD6DFE79FC4B57CA" box="[739,921,484,509]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Bothriomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E243FFABFD6DFE79FC4B57CA" box="[739,921,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Bothriomyrmex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Other ant species occurred under the mats and were somewhat interdigitated with the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E243FFABFCF3FD91FBE15412" box="[893,1075,524,549]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Bothriomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E243FFABFCF3FD91FBE15412" box="[893,1075,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Bothriomyrmex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although much less abundant. These included
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E243FFABFDB2FDA9FCE2547A" box="[572,816,564,589]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opacior">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E243FFABFDB2FDA9FCE2547A" box="[572,816,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Hypoponera opacior</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a small yellow
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E243FFABFC7FFDA9FBBC547A" box="[1009,1134,564,589]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Solenopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E243FFABFC7FFDA9FBBC547A" box="[1009,1134,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Solenopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E243FFABFB21FDA9FAF1547A" box="[1199,1315,564,589]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tapinoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E243FFABFB21FDA9FAF1547A" box="[1199,1315,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Tapinoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Smaller nests or aggregations were also found of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E243FFABFCC0FDC1FB5B5442" box="[846,1161,604,629]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sotobosque">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E243FFABFCC0FDC1FB5B5442" box="[846,1161,604,629]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Crematogaster sotobosque</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E243FFABFB4CFDC1FE4654AA" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biconstricta">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E243FFABFB4CFDC1FE4654AA" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Pheidole biconstricta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. One part of the tree, near the pasture edge, was being invaded by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E243FFABFB23FD19FEA754F2" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Solenopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geminata">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E243FFABFB23FD19FEA754F2" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Solenopsis geminata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. I found only workers and brood. Ronald Vargas of Project
|
||
<collectingCountry id="00BA7650E243FFABFBE6FD31FB6754F1" box="[1128,1205,684,710]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ALAS</collectingCountry>
|
||
collected more from the same tree in April. His collections included two adult males.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="2CD26648E243FFABFE86F888FC6B5164" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169598/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" targetBox="[283,1302,834,1805]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="781236C0E243FFABFE86F888FC6B5164" blockId="5.[264,1323,1813,1875]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E243FFABFE86F888FE59511A" bold="true" box="[264,395,1813,1837]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E243FFABFE1DF88BFD62511A" box="[403,688,1814,1837]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Bothriomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E243FFABFE1DF88BFD62511A" box="[403,688,1814,1837]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Bothriomyrmex paradoxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
worker. a. Lateral view. b. Mandible. c. Petiole. d. Mouthparts and anterior head capsule, ventral view. b, c, d not to scale.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="2CD26648E240FFA8FE86FC1CFB0E55AF" box="[264,1244,897,921]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169599/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" targetBox="[418,1161,329,853]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="781236C0E240FFA8FE86FC1CFB0E55AF" blockId="6.[264,1244,897,921]" box="[264,1244,897,921]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E240FFA8FE86FC1CFE5855AE" bold="true" box="[264,394,897,921]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E240FFA8FE1FFC1FFD7C55AE" box="[401,686,898,921]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Bothriomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E240FFA8FE1FFC1FFD7C55AE" box="[401,686,898,921]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Bothriomyrmex paradoxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
male, lateral view. Inset is enlarged view of petiole.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="2CD26648E240FFA8FE86F883FB965101" box="[264,1092,1822,1846]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169600/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" targetBox="[411,1175,993,1806]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="781236C0E240FFA8FE86F883FB965101" blockId="6.[264,1092,1822,1846]" box="[264,1092,1822,1846]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E240FFA8FE86F883FE585101" bold="true" box="[264,394,1822,1846]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E240FFA8FE1FF882FD7C5101" box="[401,686,1823,1846]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Bothriomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E240FFA8FE1FF882FD7C5101" box="[401,686,1823,1846]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Bothriomyrmex paradoxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larva. a. Lateral view. b. Dorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="781236C0E241FFA9FEB6FE81FC265441" blockId="7.[264,1323,284,1390]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
The second collection was also made in February of 2003. John Noyes of The Natural History Museum (London) was taking large sweep samples from vegetation at several Costa Rican localities and extracting
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E241FFA9FD44FEF1FC9E57B1" box="[714,844,364,390]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Encyrtidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, his primary focal taxon. He also separated ants and sent these samples to Longino. Each sample contained hundreds to thousands of ants, including many alates. In the sample from Estación Cacao were about a dozen males and a similar number of dealate queens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E241FFA9FC01FE79FB9757CA" box="[911,1093,484,509]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Bothriomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E241FFA9FC01FE79FB9757CA" box="[911,1093,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Bothriomyrmex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The habitat at Estación Cacao is a mosaic of mature montane moist forest with epiphyteladen trees and abandoned pastures. This is a site on the Pacific slope of the northernmost cordillera in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="00BA7650E241FFA9FE86FDC1FE595441" box="[264,395,604,630]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="BF559B25E241FFA9FE18FDC1FE3A5441" box="[406,488,604,630]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="km" value="170.0">170km</quantity>
|
||
from the El Ceibo site on the Atlantic slope.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="30B7654BE241FFA9FEB6FD19FD045359" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="781236C0E241FFA9FEB6FD19FDC45509" blockId="7.[264,1323,284,1390]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E241FFA9FEB6FD19FE6654AA" box="[312,436,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Comments</emphasis>
|
||
: Although it is typical to choose workers as
|
||
<typeStatus id="A7168862E241FFA9FC59FD19FB9B54A9" box="[983,1097,644,670]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">holotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
of ant species, we have chosen a queen because queens exhibit much greater morphological differences among species in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E241FFA9FE50FD49FD4654DA" box="[478,660,724,749]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Bothriomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E241FFA9FE50FD49FD4654DA" box="[478,660,724,749]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Bothriomyrmex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This is true of several dolichoderine genera, including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E241FFA9FE86FD61FE845522" box="[264,342,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Azteca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E241FFA9FE86FD61FE845522" box="[264,342,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Azteca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E241FFA9FE19FD61FDDB5522" box="[407,521,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tapinoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E241FFA9FE19FD61FDDB5522" box="[407,521,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Tapinoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. For example,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1C3C4B31E241FFA9FD49FD61FC565521" author="Longino" box="[711,900,764,790]" pageId="7" pageNumber="9" refString="Longino, J. T. (1991) Taxonomy of the Cecropia - inhabiting Azteca ants. Journal of Natural History, 25, 1571 - 1602." type="journal article" year="1991">Longino (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
used queens as
|
||
<typeStatus id="A7168862E241FFA9FBC1FD61FB135521" box="[1103,1217,764,790]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">holotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
in taxonomic work on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E241FFA9FE4FFCB9FDDD550A" box="[449,527,804,829]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Azteca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E241FFA9FE4FFCB9FDDD550A" box="[449,527,804,829]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Azteca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="781236C0E241FFA9FEB6FCD1FD045359" blockId="7.[264,1323,284,1390]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
The new species undoubtedly belongs to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E241FFA9FC1DFCD1FB9B5552" box="[915,1097,844,869]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Bothriomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E241FFA9FC1DFCD1FB9B5552" box="[915,1097,844,869]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Bothriomyrmex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It has all the traits typical of the genus: 4:3 palp formula, strongly reduced hypostomal margin, and a characteristic venation on the forewing of the queen (closed discoidal cell, RM2 absent, and radius reaching costal margin of wing). The systematics of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E241FFA9FBC9FC59FB2C55EA" box="[1095,1278,964,989]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Bothriomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E241FFA9FBC9FC59FB2C55EA" box="[1095,1278,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Bothriomyrmex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are complex, and the previous classification (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1C3C4B31E241FFA9FC81FC71FC395231" author="Dubovikoff" box="[783,1003,1004,1030]" pageId="7" pageNumber="9" refString="Dubovikoff, D. A. (2002) On taxonomic borders and structure of the genus Bothriomyrmex sensu lato (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). XII Congress of Russian Entomological Society, St. Petersburg, abstracts, 105 - 106. [in Russian]" type="book chapter" year="2002">Dubovikoff, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) is not complete.
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E241FFA9FB58FC71FE3F521A" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Bothriomymex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E241FFA9FEFFFB89FE3F521A" box="[369,493,1044,1069]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Bothriomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">paradoxus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
belongs to
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E241FFA9FDF5FB89FC8A521A" box="[635,856,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E241FFA9FDF5FB89FCE3521A" box="[635,817,1044,1069]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Bothriomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">Bothriomyrmex</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="51EA57A9E241FFA9FCB4FB89FC8A521A" box="[826,856,1044,1069]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" sensu="stricto">s.s</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. and not among the Asian and Australian species (Dubovikoff unpub.). However, it does not fit cleanly into one of the Palearctic species groups. The short suberect setae on the queen's mesosoma and gaster is a trait also found in members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E241FFA9FD5CFB11FCEF5292" box="[722,829,1164,1190]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Bothriomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="syrius">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E241FFA9FD5CFB11FD365292" box="[722,740,1164,1189]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E241FFA9FD79FB11FCEF5292" box="[759,829,1164,1189]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">syrius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E241FFA9FC2CFB11FB8B5291" authority="Forel" authorityName="Forel" box="[930,1113,1164,1190]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Bothriomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="syrius">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E241FFA9FC2CFB11FBDE5292" box="[930,1036,1164,1189]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. syrius</emphasis>
|
||
Forel
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E241FFA9FBE7FB11FE8552F9" authority="Emery" authorityName="Emery" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Bothriomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turcomenicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E241FFA9FBE7FB11FAF95292" box="[1129,1323,1164,1189]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. turcomenicus</emphasis>
|
||
Emery
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E241FFA9FEEBFB29FD5D52F9" authority="Santschi" authorityName="Santschi" box="[357,655,1204,1230]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Bothriomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="communistus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E241FFA9FEEBFB29FDF252FA" box="[357,544,1204,1229]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. communistus</emphasis>
|
||
Santschi
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E241FFA9FD12FB29FC5A52F9" authority="Emery" authorityName="Emery" box="[668,904,1204,1230]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Bothriomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kusnezovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E241FFA9FD12FB29FCE352FA" box="[668,817,1204,1229]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. kusnezovi</emphasis>
|
||
Emery
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E241FFA9FC4AFB29FB0152F9" authority="Dubovikoff" authorityName="Dubovikoff" box="[964,1235,1204,1230]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Bothriomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="urartus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E241FFA9FC4AFB29FBEE52FA" box="[964,1084,1204,1229]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. urartus</emphasis>
|
||
Dubovikoff
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E241FFA9FEC7FB41FE3552C2" box="[329,487,1244,1269]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Bothriomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E241FFA9FEC7FB41FE3552C2" box="[329,487,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. paradoxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from all species of this group by the higher and shorter mesosoma of the queen. TI of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E241FFA9FDACFA99FD6C532A" box="[546,702,1284,1309]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Bothriomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E241FFA9FDACFA99FD6C532A" box="[546,702,1284,1309]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. paradoxus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is 0.64, while other species have TI <0.50. Also, the impressed metanotal groove on the worker is a trait found in members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E241FFA9FB37FAB1FAF85372" box="[1209,1322,1324,1350]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Bothriomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibbus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E241FFA9FB37FAB1FB195372" box="[1209,1227,1324,1349]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E241FFA9FB52FAB1FAF85372" box="[1244,1322,1324,1349]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">gibbus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex and not in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAD4D43E241FFA9FD92FAC9FD50535A" box="[540,642,1364,1389]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Bothriomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="syrius">
|
||
<emphasis id="4AD9EAD2E241FFA9FD92FAC9FD50535A" box="[540,642,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. syrius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |