242 lines
19 KiB
XML
242 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3748525" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6384b520-7e9f-4874-a414-76c2e9b01d74" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3748525" approvalRequired="1" checkinTime="1586358796837" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Burgin, Connor" docDate="2019" docId="885887A2FFE68A00F8B3F9E8F2BBD69F" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Rhinolophidae.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Rhinolophus rufus Eydoux & Gervais 1836" docType="treatment" docVersion="19" lastPageNumber="320" masterDocId="7461FFDAFFCF8A29FFCCFFA1FF85D963" masterDocTitle="Rhinolophidae" masterLastPageNumber="332" masterPageNumber="280" pageNumber="320" updateTime="1658949228820" updateUser="felipe">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Rhinolophidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Burgin, Connor</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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||
<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Editor</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wilson, Don E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Editor</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mittermeier, Russell A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>280</mods:start>
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<mods:end>332</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3748525</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">6384b520-7e9f-4874-a414-76c2e9b01d74</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3748525</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3808982" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163552620" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3808982" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:885887A2FFE68A00F8B3F9E8F2BBD69F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/885887A2FFE68A00F8B3F9E8F2BBD69F" lastPageNumber="320" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">
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<subSubSection box="[1919,2833,1609,1670]" pageId="41" pageNumber="320" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="41.[1919,3373,1609,1670]" box="[1919,2833,1609,1670]" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">
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<figureCitation box="[1919,1988,1609,1670]" captionStart="On" captionStartId="38.[159,201,4464,4491]" captionTargetBox="[116,3439,160,4676]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="On following pages: 78. New Guinea Broad-eared Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus euryotis); 79. Sulawesi Broad-eared Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus tatah; 80. Poso Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus belligerator); 81. Bornean Woolly Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus proconsulis); 82. Arcuate Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus arcuatus); 83. Philippine Forest Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus inops); 84. Small Rufous Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus subrufus); 85. Large Rufous Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus rufus); 86. Intermediate Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus affinis); 87. Homfray's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus andamanensis); 88. Croslet Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus coelophyllus); 89. Shamel's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus shameli); 90. Vietnamese Brown Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus microglobosus); 91. Lesser Brown Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus stheno)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3748533" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3748533/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">85</figureCitation>
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. Large Rufous Horseshoe Bat
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[2898,3373,1609,1670]" pageId="41" pageNumber="320" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="41.[1919,3373,1609,1670]" box="[2898,3373,1609,1670]" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Eydoux & Gervais" authorityYear="1836" box="[2898,3373,1609,1670]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufus">
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<emphasis box="[2898,3373,1609,1670]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Rhinolophus rufus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1918,3365,1685,1712]" pageId="41" pageNumber="320" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="41.[1918,3365,1685,1712]" box="[1918,3365,1685,1712]" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">
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French:
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<emphasis box="[2033,2183,1685,1712]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Rhinolophe</emphasis>
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d'Eydoux /
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2344,2468,1685,1712]" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">German:</emphasis>
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<emphasis box="[2478,2562,1685,1712]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Grosse</emphasis>
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Rotbraune Hufeisennase /
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2933,3057,1685,1712]" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Spanish:</emphasis>
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Herradura
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<emphasis box="[3212,3264,1685,1712]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">rufo</emphasis>
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grande
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="320" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="41.[2740,3542,1783,2353]" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2740,2951,1783,1822]" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Eydoux & P. Gervais" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="variety" species="luctus" variety="rufa">
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<emphasis box="[2986,3340,1783,1822]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Rhinolophus luctus</emphasis>
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var.
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<emphasis box="[3468,3542,1783,1822]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">rufa</emphasis>
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[sic] Eydoux & P. Gervais in Laplace, 1839
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[2742,3526,1889,1928]" pageId="41" pageNumber="320" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="41.[2740,3542,1783,2353]" box="[2742,3526,1889,1928]" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">
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“
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2597564449" box="[2759,3520,1889,1928]" country="Philippines" location="Manille [= Manila], " Luzon" pageId="41" pageNumber="320" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="type">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:885887A2FFE68A00F8B3F9E8F2BBD69F:052E606FFFE68A00F50BF8C0F357DEEB" box="[2759,3282,1889,1928]" country="Philippines" name="Manille [= Manila], " Luzon" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Manille [= Manila],” Luzon</location>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[3302,3520,1889,1928]" name="Philippines" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Philippines</collectingCountry>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="320" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="41.[2740,3542,1783,2353]" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Eydoux & Gervais" authorityYear="1836" box="[2742,3062,1942,1981]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufus">
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<emphasis box="[2742,3062,1942,1981]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Rhinolophus rufus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is included in the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1835" box="[3411,3542,1942,1981]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="euryotis">
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<emphasis box="[3411,3542,1942,1981]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">euryotis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species group, but its relationships within the group are unclear; further studies are needed. It may be
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<emphasis box="[3091,3218,2101,2140]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">closely</emphasis>
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related to
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Eydoux & Gervais" authorityYear="1836" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufus">
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/?.
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<emphasis box="[3473,3542,2101,2140]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">
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<emphasis box="[2743,2836,2155,2194]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">subrufus</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<emphasis box="[2928,3299,2155,2194]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="K Andersen" authorityYear="1905" box="[2928,3074,2155,2194]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inops">R inops</taxonomicName>
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. Monotypic
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</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="320" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3750080" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3750080" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3750080/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320" targetBox="[1915,2710,1790,2347]" targetPageId="41">
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<paragraph blockId="41.[2740,3542,1783,2353]" lastBlockId="41.[1917,3541,2368,4092]" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2741,2979,2208,2247]" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Distribution.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry box="[3001,3215,2208,2247]" name="Philippines" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Philippines</collectingCountry>
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(Luzon, Polillo, Mindoro,
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<collectingRegion box="[2976,3217,2261,2300]" country="Philippines" name="Marinduque" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Marinduque</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion box="[3281,3531,2261,2300]" country="Philippines" name="Catanduanes" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Catanduanes</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion box="[2742,2927,2314,2353]" country="Philippines" name="Guimaras" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Guimaras</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion box="[2959,3077,2314,2353]" country="Philippines" name="Bohol" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Bohol</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion box="[3108,3214,2314,2353]" country="Philippines" name="Southern Leyte" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Leyte</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion box="[3246,3435,2314,2353]" country="Philippines" name="Camiguin" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Camiguin</collectingRegion>
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, and Mindanao Is).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="320" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="41.[1917,3541,2368,4092]" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">
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Descriptive
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2145,2253,2418,2457]" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">notes.</emphasis>
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<emphasis box="[2273,2489,2418,2457]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Head—body</emphasis>
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c.
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<quantity box="[2532,2739,2418,2457]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.85" metricValueMax="9.7" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="41" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="88.5" valueMax="97.0" valueMin="80.0">80-97 mm</quantity>
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, tail
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<quantity box="[2840,3044,2418,2457]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="41" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="31.5" valueMax="33.0" valueMin="30.0">30-33 mm</quantity>
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, ear
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<quantity box="[3146,3350,2418,2457]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="41" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="35.0" valueMax="37.0" valueMin="33.0">33-37 mm</quantity>
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, hindfoot 15-
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<quantity box="[1977,2155,2471,2510]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="0.4" pageId="41" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="21.0" valueMin="4.0">4-21 mm</quantity>
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, forearm
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<quantity box="[2342,2542,2471,2510]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.05" metricValueMax="7.3" metricValueMin="6.8" pageId="41" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="70.5" valueMax="73.0" valueMin="68.0">68-73 mm</quantity>
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||
; weight
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||
<quantity box="[2700,2848,2471,2510]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="41" pageNumber="320" unit="g" value="30.0" valueMax="34.0" valueMin="26.0">26-34 g</quantity>
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. The Large Rufous Horseshoe Bat is a very large species of horseshoe bat, the largest in the
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<collectingCountry box="[2959,3173,2526,2565]" name="Philippines" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Philippines</collectingCountry>
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||
. Dorsal and ventral pelage is typically dark to medium brown,
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<emphasis box="[2708,2931,2579,2618]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">occasionally</emphasis>
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with red or orange tint. Ears are medium-sized. Noseleaf has moderately long, straight-sided lancet; connecting process is strongly arcuate, and is semicircular; sella has parallel margins or is slightly but
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||
<emphasis box="[3367,3540,2685,2724]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">gradually</emphasis>
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||
narrowed upward, and has widely rounded tip and scarcely expanded base; horseshoe is
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||
<emphasis box="[1919,2083,2791,2830]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">relatively</emphasis>
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||
wide, covering muzzle almost to upper lip, and has lateral leaflets and narrow but deep median emargination. There are three mental grooves on lower lip. Skull is enormous and very robust (zygomatic breadth is much wider than mastoid breadth); anterior median swellings are large and project strongly; anterior lateral and posterior swellings are less developed; sagittal crest is high to very high; supraorbital ridges are
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<emphasis box="[3462,3540,3002,3041]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">very</emphasis>
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||
conspicuous; frontal depression is deep. C1 is strong and moderately long; P2 is small and within tooth row; P3 is very small and partly or
|
||
<emphasis box="[2793,2997,3108,3147]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">completely</emphasis>
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||
extruded from tooth row; P, and P, are separated by a small space or barely touch. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 40 and FN = 60 (
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||
<collectingRegion box="[2262,2505,3214,3253]" country="Philippines" name="Catanduanes" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Catanduanes</collectingRegion>
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I).
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</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="320" type="biology_ecology">
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||
<paragraph blockId="41.[1917,3541,2368,4092]" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">
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Habitat. Recorded from
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<emphasis box="[2399,2551,3267,3306]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">primary</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis box="[2654,2846,3267,3306]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">secondary</emphasis>
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lowland forest, often in association with
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<emphasis box="[2013,2109,3319,3358]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">fairly</emphasis>
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large, deep caves. The Large Rufous Horseshoe Bat is generally a lowland species, being found at elevations from sea level up to
|
||
<quantity box="[2992,3112,3372,3411]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="41" pageNumber="320" unit="m" value="350.0">350 m</quantity>
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||
on Luzon, and up to
|
||
<quantity box="[1921,2035,3425,3464]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="41" pageNumber="320" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</quantity>
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elsewhere.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="41.[1917,3541,2368,4092]" box="[1919,2590,3478,3517]" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">
|
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1919,2100,3478,3517]" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Food and</emphasis>
|
||
Feeding. No information.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="41.[1917,3541,2368,4092]" box="[1920,2799,3531,3570]" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Breeding. Females give birth to a single young.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="41.[1917,3541,2368,4092]" box="[1918,3207,3584,3623]" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1918,2235,3584,3623]" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Large Rufous Horseshoe Bats roost in caves by day.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="41.[1917,3541,2368,4092]" box="[1920,3181,3637,3676]" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1920,2605,3637,3676]" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Movements, Home range and Social</emphasis>
|
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organization. No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="320" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="41.[1917,3541,2368,4092]" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1920,2120,3689,3728]" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Status and</emphasis>
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Conservation. Classified as Near
|
||
<emphasis box="[2778,3003,3689,3728]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Threatened</emphasis>
|
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on 77
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<emphasis box="[3129,3157,3689,3728]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">rc</emphasis>
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IUCN
|
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<emphasis box="[3289,3444,3689,3728]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">ed List.</emphasis>
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The Large Rufous Horseshoe Bat is relatively uncommon through its distribution, although it is locally common on
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<collectingRegion box="[2367,2481,3795,3834]" country="Philippines" name="Bohol" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Bohol</collectingRegion>
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and Polillo. The overall available habitat for this species is declining throughout its distribution due to deforestation. The species is also threatened
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<emphasis box="[2025,2069,3900,3939]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">by</emphasis>
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roost disturbance from tourism and guano mining. It is also collected for food in some areas: fires are lit in the cave to asphyxiate the bats, which are then collected.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="41.[1917,3541,2368,4092]" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1922,2127,4012,4039]" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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<emphasis box="[2143,2298,4012,4039]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Cabauatan</emphasis>
|
||
et
|
||
<emphasis box="[2355,2385,4012,4039]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2014),
|
||
<emphasis box="[2512,2622,4012,4039]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Heaney</emphasis>
|
||
, Balete, Dolar et al. (1998), Heaney, Balete & Rickart (2016),
|
||
<emphasis box="[1922,2032,4065,4092]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Heaney</emphasis>
|
||
, Gonzales et al. (1991), Ong,
|
||
<emphasis box="[2469,2663,4065,4092]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">Rosell-Ambal</emphasis>
|
||
, Tabaranza & Heaney (2008), Rickart et
|
||
<emphasis box="[3250,3281,4065,4092]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="320">al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1999).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |