252 lines
27 KiB
XML
252 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document id="3DF6F89D61D626009CDDC720D35C1BC1" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5352440" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5352440" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630208260396" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Alvarez, Héctor Jaime Gasca, da, Claudio Ruy Vasconcelos, Fonseca & Ratcliffe, Brett C." docDate="2008" docId="03FC1A09FFD3F769FF024AE60C25FEE8" docLanguage="en" docName="0061.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2008 (61)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:A87B5EC635B7D5A430FC1D805C706BD1.3:InsectaMundi.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="A87B5EC635B7D5A430FC1D805C706BD1" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Enema endymion Chevrolat (Endrodi 1985" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="FFC56271FFDFF767FFC24F620949FFF3" masterDocTitle="Synopsis of the Oryctini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) from the Brazilian Amazon" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="11" updateTime="1699185735107" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods id="D9160E6A64033E7A19FF57D4AFB84CC5" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="C9C90907943643FC8A91D3E109086D0D">
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<mods:title id="94DD10D331449B81C7E368B623EEA857">Synopsis of the Oryctini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) from the Brazilian Amazon</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="FAB1BFDDB7C44F4E845E23F0F5D576DF" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="35632A8D507DCB9298958AAE5357687A">
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<mods:roleTerm id="BCA2317FCBA7EE838813962032C0F569">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="8FCB51C8AC9A99B102F3BC4626F82509">Alvarez, Héctor Jaime Gasca</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C5927B3FF8B360909D1715AAE84624A7">Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia-INPA Coordenação de Pesquisas em Entomologia Av. André Araújo, 2936 - Petrópolis CEP 69011 - 970 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="0339A954A908BF02F1493666BDEFE36A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="8F181A2C5511246365DA113C1EE4086A">da, Claudio Ruy Vasconcelos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7069F8549161664AABA0035B05888FB2">Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Coordenação de Pesquisas em Av. André Araújo, 2936 - Petrópolis CEP 69011 - 970 Manaus, Amazonas</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="4158D4E5EE8F98B4F472DBC455868FBE" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1216417726105B78B50DD61663C1940A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="2266AF983D59EE5076A06430DE7A0BEB">Fonseca</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="337EE5F9F86F55D1762325CEFC62A213">Amazônia-INPA Entomologia Petrópolis, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="20E6630D248B11356D76858BE7FB51F6" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="ACDFAF013DC9FCC65E20ABA50F9E52B9">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C636B2DED8673C9FF7A2A926CD6F70A0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="B00CB7C02D7A8D07AA9205DBB62448A3">Ratcliffe, Brett C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="598ADD848AC182195C18C58D7CE58A10">University of Nebraska State Museum W 436 Nebraska Hall Lincoln, NE 68588 - 0514, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="38BF94A60C41F6CDC6A0396135963C5C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="E0ECCD87D8E7912A1C4532B9B73C6EFF">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="267154321175B9D71059CFE2EBC661EF">
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<mods:date id="F491DF06FC44402691DCF436917B3377">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="607F74CC56B176410D3A83653F6CFC6C" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="A7FF4E38F00D1CDFF9A8351D33706769">2008-12-05</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="5F9D1C531C630B3E5867A2F430F972E4" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="0552BA95BC66F7CF4D1D51202550ABEC">2008</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="D754AAE8E1DDF806B0B6813A83321E22" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="4C078DF5F713DC17915B76AEDAE967D9">61</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="A6C8DAE573D4D6A9C82725716B77D9C6">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="4B63534A7E4AEBE939AE4BE967B2D9CF">62</mods:end>
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<mods:identifier id="637E56191FB30A4C4E4A31559BF23C59" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5352440</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="73E818929D96FD1FD4842B72801DEEE2" type="ISSN">1942-1354</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="12E7CB050498DA34BE7735D7038035AD" type="Zenodo-Dep">5352440</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03FC1A09FFD3F769FF024AE60C25FEE8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FC1A09FFD3F769FF024AE60C25FEE8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FC1A09FFD3F769FF024AE60C25FEE8" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
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<subSubSection id="C34FF894FFD3F76BFF024AE60B31FA68" box="[192,632,1411,1435]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEAAB1FFFD3F76BFF024AE60B31FA68" blockId="12.[192,632,1411,1435]" box="[192,632,1411,1435]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
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<heading id="D0A21C73FFD3F76BFF024AE60B31FA68" bold="true" box="[192,632,1411,1435]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C55D09CFFD3F76BFF024AE60B31FA68" authority="Chevrolat 1843" authorityName="Chevrolat (Endrodi" authorityYear="1985" box="[192,632,1411,1435]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Enema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="endymion">
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<emphasis id="B921770DFFD3F76BFF024AE60B31FA68" bold="true" box="[192,632,1411,1435]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
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<emphasis id="B921770DFFD3F76BFF024AE608E1FA68" bold="true" box="[192,424,1411,1435]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Enema endymion</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC4D6EEFFD3F76BFE6F4AE10B31FA68" author="Chevrolat, L. A. A." box="[429,632,1411,1435]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="107 - 113" refId="ref24031" refString="Chevrolat, L. A. A. 1843. Coleopteres du Mexique (pentameres, hydrocanthares, sternoxes, terediles, necrophages, lamellicornes). Magasin de Zoologie 1843: 37 p., pl. 107 - 113." type="book chapter" year="1843">Chevrolat 1843</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34FF894FFD3F76BFF024AC1086DFA48" box="[192,292,1443,1467]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BEAAB1FFFD3F76BFF024AC1086DFA48" blockId="12.[192,292,1443,1467]" box="[192,292,1443,1467]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
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(
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<figureCitation id="136EB79AFFD3F76BFF0B4AC10852FA48" box="[201,283,1443,1467]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="13.[192,276,1094,1116]" captionTargetBox="[203,1432,202,1073]" captionTargetId="figure-207@13.[193,1444,192,1077]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 14. Distribution of Enema endymion in Brazilian Amazonia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5352450" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5352450/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34FF894FFD3F76BFF024A860A4BF9A8" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BEAAB1FFFD3F76BFF024A860B35FA08" blockId="12.[192,786,1507,1627]" box="[192,636,1507,1531]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB458C31FFD3F76BFF024A860B35FA08" box="[192,636,1507,1531]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF48D0EFFD3F76BFF024A860B35FA08" author="Chevrolat, L. A. A." box="[192,636,1507,1531]" page="29" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" year="1843">
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<taxonomicName id="4C55D09CFFD3F76BFF024A860B35FA08" authority="Chevrolat 1843: 29" authorityName="Chevrolat (Endrodi" authorityPageNumber="29" authorityYear="1985" box="[192,636,1507,1531]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Enema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="endymion">
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<emphasis id="B921770DFFD3F76BFF024A8608DAFA08" box="[192,403,1507,1531]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Enema endymion</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC4D6EEFFD3F76BFE5A4A810B35FA08" author="Chevrolat, L. A. A." box="[408,636,1507,1531]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="107 - 113" refId="ref24031" refString="Chevrolat, L. A. A. 1843. Coleopteres du Mexique (pentameres, hydrocanthares, sternoxes, terediles, necrophages, lamellicornes). Magasin de Zoologie 1843: 37 p., pl. 107 - 113." type="book chapter" year="1843">Chevrolat 1843: 29</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEAAB1FFFD3F76BFF0249660A59F9E8" blockId="12.[192,786,1507,1627]" box="[192,784,1539,1563]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB458C31FFD3F76BFF0249660A59F9E8" box="[192,784,1539,1563]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF48D0EFFD3F76BFF0249660BC2F9E8" author="Burmeister, H. C. C." box="[192,651,1539,1563]" page="236" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" year="1847">
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<taxonomicName id="4C55D09CFFD3F76BFF0249660BC2F9E8" authority="Burmeister 1847: 236" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityPageNumber="236" authorityYear="1847" box="[192,651,1539,1563]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Enema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lupercus">
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<emphasis id="B921770DFFD3F76BFF02496608CAF9E8" box="[192,387,1539,1563]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Enema lupercus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC4D6EEFFD3F76BFE4549610BC2F9E8" author="Burmeister, H. C. C." box="[391,651,1539,1563]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" refId="ref23787" refString="Burmeister, H. C. C. 1847. Handbuch der Entomologie. (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia Xylophila et Pectinicornia) Vol. 5. T. C. F. Enslin; Berlin, Germany. 584 p." type="book" year="1847">Burmeister 1847: 236</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(synonym)
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEAAB1FFFD3F76BFF0249460A5BF9C8" blockId="12.[192,786,1507,1627]" box="[192,786,1571,1595]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB458C31FFD3F76BFF0249460A5BF9C8" box="[192,786,1571,1595]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF48D0EFFD3F76BFF0249460BC4F9C8" author="Burmeister, H. C. C." box="[192,653,1571,1595]" page="236" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" year="1847">
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<taxonomicName id="4C55D09CFFD3F76BFF0249460BC4F9C8" authority="Burmeister 1847: 236" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityPageNumber="236" authorityYear="1847" box="[192,653,1571,1595]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Enema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paniscus">
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<emphasis id="B921770DFFD3F76BFF02494608CFF9C8" box="[192,390,1572,1595]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Enema paniscus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC4D6EEFFD3F76BFE4849410BC4F9C8" author="Burmeister, H. C. C." box="[394,653,1571,1595]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" refId="ref23787" refString="Burmeister, H. C. C. 1847. Handbuch der Entomologie. (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia Xylophila et Pectinicornia) Vol. 5. T. C. F. Enslin; Berlin, Germany. 584 p." type="book" year="1847">Burmeister 1847: 236</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(synonym)
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEAAB1FFFD3F76BFF0249260A4BF9A8" blockId="12.[192,786,1507,1627]" box="[192,770,1603,1627]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB458C31FFD3F76BFF0249260A4BF9A8" box="[192,770,1603,1627]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF48D0EFFD3F76BFF0249260B37F9A8" author="Sternberg, C." box="[192,638,1603,1627]" page="24" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" year="1908">
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<taxonomicName id="4C55D09CFFD3F76BFF0249260B37F9A8" authority="Sternberg 1908: 24" authorityName="Sternberg" authorityPageNumber="24" authorityYear="1908" box="[192,638,1603,1627]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Enema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibbicollis">
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<emphasis id="B921770DFFD3F76BFF02492608DEF9A8" box="[192,407,1603,1627]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Enema gibbicollis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC4D6EEFFD3F76BFE5949210B37F9A8" author="Sternberg, C." box="[411,638,1603,1627]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="3 - 31" refId="ref28178" refString="Sternberg, C. 1908. Neue Dynastiden-Arten. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung 69: 3 - 31." type="journal article" year="1908">Sternberg 1908: 24</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(synonym)
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34FF894FFD3F76AFF0249E10DFDFA99" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BEAAB1FFFD3F76BFF0249E10A3BF948" blockId="12.[192,1441,1667,1916]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
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<emphasis id="B921770DFFD3F76BFF0249E108D8F968" bold="true" box="[192,401,1667,1691]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">DESCRIPTION</emphasis>
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. Length: 32.4. Width:
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<quantity id="4CAD06FAFFD3F76BFD5949E10A4AF968" box="[667,771,1667,1691]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="18.5">18.5 mm</quantity>
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(Range species. Length: 30.0-
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<quantity id="4CAD06FAFFD3F76BFBAA49E10D9AF968" box="[1128,1235,1667,1691]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.63" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="36.3">36.3 mm</quantity>
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; width: 17.0-20.0 mm (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC4D6EEFFD3F76BFF3F49C108E3F948" author="Ratcliffe, B. C." box="[253,426,1699,1723]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 506" refId="ref27385" refString="Ratcliffe, B. C. 2003. The Dynastinae scarab beetles of Costa Rica and Panama. Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum 16: 1 - 506." type="journal article" year="2003">Ratcliffe 2003</bibRefCitation>
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)). Color: Light to dark reddish brown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEAAB1FFFD3F76AFF3249A10CC3FAD9" blockId="12.[192,1441,1667,1916]" lastBlockId="13.[192,1440,1170,1386]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
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<emphasis id="B921770DFFD3F76BFF3249A10800F928" bold="true" box="[240,329,1731,1755]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Males.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B921770DFFD3F76BFE8D49A108D8F928" box="[335,401,1731,1755]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Head</emphasis>
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: Frons with short to moderately long horn; horn narrowly triangular, acuminate, recurved. Margin of eye canthus weakly crenulate, surface punctate, apex rounded. Clypeus with surface rugopunctate, apex broad, emarginate. Antenna with 10 segments, club subequal in length to segments 2-7. Mandibles broad, apex strongly bidentate.
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<emphasis id="B921770DFFD3F76BFCCD48460AC3F8C8" box="[783,906,1828,1851]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Pronotum</emphasis>
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: Surface rugose along lateral margins and surrounding discal depression, with small punctures. Disc in anterior half with strong, longitudinal depression. Anterior margin with strong emargination at center.
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<emphasis id="B921770DFFD3F76BFC0648010D59F888" box="[964,1040,1891,1915]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Elytra</emphasis>
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: Surface with strongly impressed sutural stria, with small dense punctures and larger sparse punctures, sides strongly rugose and explanate.
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<taxonomicName id="4C55D09CFFD2F76AFF024BD00871FB39" box="[192,312,1202,1226]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Pygidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B921770DFFD2F76AFF024BD00871FB39" box="[192,312,1202,1226]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Pygidium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: Base with transverse row of large, setigerous punctures. Apical margins rugose. In lateral view, surface convex.
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<emphasis id="B921770DFFD2F76AFE034BB108B1FB19" box="[449,504,1235,1258]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Legs</emphasis>
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: Protibia quadridentate, occasionally with all teeth equidistant. Apex of posterior tibia weakly crenulate and with small tooth. Basal segment of posterior tarsus triangularly elongated at apex.
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<emphasis id="B921770DFFD2F76AFEE54A710831FAD9" box="[295,376,1299,1322]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Venter</emphasis>
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: Prosternal process short, laminar, triangular.
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<emphasis id="B921770DFFD2F76AFC7E4A710D09FAD9" box="[956,1088,1299,1322]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Parameres</emphasis>
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: Similar to those of
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<taxonomicName id="4C55D09CFFD2F76AFAF14A710CCBFAD9" box="[1331,1410,1299,1322]" class="Insecta" family="Geotrupidae" genus="Geotrupes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pan">
|
|
<emphasis id="B921770DFFD2F76AFAF14A710CCBFAD9" box="[1331,1410,1299,1322]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">E. pan</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="DF2AFB97FFD2F76AFF024B240AF6FBAE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5352450" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5352450" box="[192,959,1094,1117]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5352450/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" startId="13.[192,276,1094,1116]" targetBox="[203,1432,202,1073]" targetPageId="13">
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEAAB1FFFD2F76AFF024B240AF6FBAE" blockId="13.[192,959,1094,1117]" box="[192,959,1094,1117]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
|
<emphasis id="B921770DFFD2F76AFF024B240874FBAF" bold="true" box="[192,317,1094,1116]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Figure 14.</emphasis>
|
|
Distribution of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C55D09CFFD2F76AFE334B250BFAFBAF" authorityName="Chevrolat (Endrodi" authorityYear="1985" box="[497,691,1095,1116]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Enema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="endymion">
|
|
<emphasis id="B921770DFFD2F76AFE334B250BFAFBAF" box="[497,691,1095,1116]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Enema endymion</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in Brazilian Amazonia.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEAAB1FFFD2F76AFF324A500DFDFA99" blockId="13.[192,1440,1170,1386]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
|
<emphasis id="B921770DFFD2F76AFF324A500822FAB9" bold="true" box="[240,363,1330,1354]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Females.</emphasis>
|
|
As males except in the following respects:
|
|
<emphasis id="B921770DFFD2F76AFC464A500A8FFAB9" box="[900,966,1330,1354]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Head</emphasis>
|
|
: Frons with horn usually shorter.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C55D09CFFD2F76AFABA4A5108CBFA99" authority=": Surface" authorityName="Surface" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Pygidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B921770DFFD2F76AFABA4A510851FA99" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Pygidium</emphasis>
|
|
: Surface
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
nearly flat, weakly convex (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4D6EEFFD2F76AFD0D4A300A32FA99" author="Ratcliffe, B. C." box="[719,891,1362,1386]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 506" refId="ref27385" refString="Ratcliffe, B. C. 2003. The Dynastinae scarab beetles of Costa Rica and Panama. Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum 16: 1 - 506." type="journal article" year="2003">Ratcliffe 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4D6EEFFD2F76AFC474A300DE1FA99" author="Ratcliffe, B. C. & R. Cave" box="[901,1192,1362,1386]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 424" refId="ref27463" refString="Ratcliffe, B. C., and R. Cave. 2006. The Dynastinae scarab beetles of Honduras, Nicaragua and El Salvador. Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum 21: 1 - 424." type="journal article" year="2006">Ratcliffe and Cave 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="C34FF894FFD2F76AFF024AF008A1FA39" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="diagnosis">
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEAAB1FFFD2F76AFF024AF008A1FA39" blockId="13.[192,1440,1426,1482]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
|
<emphasis id="B921770DFFD2F76AFF024AF00827FA59" bold="true" box="[192,366,1426,1450]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">DIAGNOSIS.</emphasis>
|
|
The reddish brown color and the short acuminate head horn in both sexes will distinguish this species from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C55D09CFFD2F76AFE534AD108A9FA39" box="[401,480,1459,1482]" class="Insecta" family="Geotrupidae" genus="Geotrupes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pan">
|
|
<emphasis id="B921770DFFD2F76AFE534AD108A9FA39" box="[401,480,1459,1482]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">E. pan</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="C34FF894FFD2F76AFF024A900BB3F8D9" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEAAB1FFFD2F76AFF024A90089AF9B9" blockId="13.[192,1440,1522,1610]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
|
<emphasis id="B921770DFFD2F76AFF024A9008EFF9F9" bold="true" box="[192,422,1522,1546]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">DISTRIBUTION.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C55D09CFFD2F76AFE6E4A910BC9F9F9" authorityName="Chevrolat (Endrodi" authorityYear="1985" box="[428,640,1522,1546]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Enema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="endymion">
|
|
<emphasis id="B921770DFFD2F76AFE6E4A910BC9F9F9" box="[428,640,1522,1546]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Enema endymion</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is found from southern
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F342EB8FFFD2F76AFC5C4A900ABDF9F9" box="[926,1012,1522,1546]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
|
to
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F342EB8FFFD2F76AFBD54A900D2BF9F9" box="[1047,1122,1522,1546]" name="Brazil" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
|
and
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F342EB8FFFD2F76AFB5E4A900DBFF9F9" box="[1180,1270,1522,1546]" name="Bolivia" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
|
, including the Amazon region. It is a species with few records in
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F342EB8FFFD2F76AFCCB49700A1FF9D9" box="[777,854,1554,1578]" name="Brazil" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
|
, especially in the Amazon region, and is very rare in research collections.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEAAB1FFFD2F76AFF024910088EF959" blockId="13.[192,1441,1650,1706]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B3DA142FFD2F76AFF024910082AF959" collectionCode="LOCALITY, RECORDS" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="1">
|
|
<emphasis id="B921770DFFD2F76AFF02491008BEF979" bold="true" box="[192,503,1650,1674]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED4433DAFFD2F76AFF02491008BAF979" box="[192,499,1650,1674]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">LOCALITY RECORDS</collectionCode>
|
|
.
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<figureCitation id="136EB79AFFD2F76AFDC449100B10F979" box="[518,601,1650,1674]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="13.[192,276,1094,1116]" captionTargetBox="[203,1432,202,1073]" captionTargetId="figure-207@13.[193,1444,192,1077]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 14. Distribution of Enema endymion in Brazilian Amazonia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5352450" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5352450/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
|
)
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D536096FFD2F76AFDA549100BA7F979" box="[615,750,1650,1674]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
|
examined (
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D536096FFD2F76AFCB949100A84F979" box="[891,973,1650,1674]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
|
). A specimen was seen from the following collection
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
: MPEG.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEAAB1FFFD2F76AFF0249B308F6F919" blockId="13.[192,447,1745,1771]" box="[192,447,1745,1771]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
|
<collectingRegion id="499165FDFFD2F76AFF0249B30842F918" box="[192,267,1745,1771]" country="Suriname" name="Para" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">PARÁ</collectingRegion>
|
|
(1). Benevides.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEAAB1FFFD2F76AFF0248700BB3F8D9" blockId="13.[192,762,1810,1834]" box="[192,762,1810,1834]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
|
<emphasis id="B921770DFFD2F76AFF0248700B19F8D9" bold="true" box="[192,592,1810,1834]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION.</emphasis>
|
|
December (1).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="C34FF894FFD1F769FF024FA10C25FEE8" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" type="biology_ecology">
|
|
<paragraph id="8BEAAB1FFFD1F769FF024FA10C25FEE8" blockId="14.[192,1440,195,283]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">
|
|
<emphasis id="B921770DFFD1F769FF024FA10818FF28" bold="true" box="[192,337,195,219]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">BIOLOGY.</emphasis>
|
|
The larval stages were described by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4D6EEFFD1F769FCCF4FA10A84FF28" author="Ratcliffe, B. C." box="[781,973,195,219]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" pagination="1 - 506" refId="ref27385" refString="Ratcliffe, B. C. 2003. The Dynastinae scarab beetles of Costa Rica and Panama. Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum 16: 1 - 506." type="journal article" year="2003">Ratcliffe (2003)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
. Larvae probably feed on humus, roots and organic debris in the soil (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4D6EEFFD1F769FDE04F810B82FF08" author="Ratcliffe, B. C." box="[546,715,227,251]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" pagination="1 - 506" refId="ref27385" refString="Ratcliffe, B. C. 2003. The Dynastinae scarab beetles of Costa Rica and Panama. Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum 16: 1 - 506." type="journal article" year="2003">Ratcliffe 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4D6EEFFD1F769FD174F810AEFFF08" author="Moron, M. A. & B. C. Ratcliffe & C. Deloya" box="[725,934,227,251]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" refId="ref26487" refString="Moron, M. A., B. C. Ratcliffe, and C. Deloya. 1997. Atlas de los escarabajos de Mexico (Coleoptera: Lamellicornia). Vol 1. Comision Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad (CONABIO) y Sociedad Mexicana de Entomologia; Mexico. 280 p." type="book" year="1997">Morón et al. 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Adults are nocturnal and are attracted to lights. It has been reported that the larvae are preyed upon by birds and mammals (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4D6EEFFD1F769FB734E610C16FEE8" author="Ratcliffe, B. C." box="[1201,1375,259,283]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" pagination="1 - 506" refId="ref27385" refString="Ratcliffe, B. C. 2003. The Dynastinae scarab beetles of Costa Rica and Panama. Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum 16: 1 - 506." type="journal article" year="2003">Ratcliffe 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |