296 lines
36 KiB
XML
296 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="8D4F34FCFBD50A3C8FF4EB780775B422" ID-CLB-Dataset="56143" ID-DOI="10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a33" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0dfcd71d-bb24-4a0e-bc6d-15fbe04997d0" ID-ISSN="1638-9395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7477657" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:4DA9802D-9500-4FD8-96F5-F4DD3BBF56A3" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1671650606024" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Unger, Tanja, Hildenbrand, Anne, Stinnesbeck, Wolfgang & Austermann, Gregor" docDate="2022" docId="03DA87B6FF82495AFC667A8DFE6FF9F0" docLanguage="en" docName="Geodiversitas.44.33.1051-1087.pdf" docOrigin="Geodiversitas 44 (33)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F830B10FF475E64C1F1601E3B32DDC00.4:Geodiversitas.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="F830B10FF475E64C1F1601E3B32DDC00" docStyleName="Geodiversitas.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Plutonides Hicks 1895" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="1070" masterDocId="FFE3FFCEFF97494CFFAA7878FFDCFFC1" masterDocTitle="Biostratigraphy and taxonomy of polymerid trilobites of the Manuels River Formation (Drumian, middle Cambrian), Newfoundland, Canada" masterLastPageNumber="1087" masterPageNumber="1051" pageNumber="1070" updateTime="1699413810903" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="BB2E5C88B3357FFFCFA5C9EBC58C7104">Biostratigraphy and taxonomy of polymerid trilobites of the Manuels River Formation (Drumian, middle Cambrian), Newfoundland, Canada</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="0B3789D9CB288AE46298E42DC017DCA6" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="3A27CBE30A7C9E1362318B8702FDD008">Unger, Tanja</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="81F44EFCE5DC1F1A19ED109547996EDF">Institut für Geowissenschaften, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 234, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany) and Institut für Geologie, Mineralogie und Geophysik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801 Bochum (Germany)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="13268DC9B66D2A25F079CA72C043CA7D" type="email">tanja.unger@ruhr-uni-bochum.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="A2A68F5501DBD0C93C39AFC4B905E11F">Hildenbrand, Anne</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="33E0DA90D602ABFC3A127AAB47EF060C">Institut für Geowissenschaften, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 234, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1704F0A72C4D87DFDD8FAB462C33E416">Stinnesbeck, Wolfgang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="10D8FCF7CEA7984DBF5E6F0B1F4C9E87">Institut für Geowissenschaften, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 234, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1115CD100B1D8F6D6FF209E083E6618B">Austermann, Gregor</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8F30E52C9E9448D6F56919DB5894A4CB">Institut für Geowissenschaften, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 234, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="BA1E66D3360EC3E66B7E47C0E475FBB1">Geodiversitas</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="BAADD7CB1F7B33ED2A6F94C0C76C2D86">
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<mods:date id="7FA697C8299141947126B6BC985528EF">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="23FBD12593B07C88EDD3D537D196D183">2022-12-15</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F4E3CA27E14BDC294C2559B633703502">44</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A8AD863513A61CECE5FE9062C9373DAF">33</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03DA87B6FF82495AFC667A8DFE6FF9F0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7477304" ID-GBIF-Taxon="207934024" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7477304" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DA87B6FF82495AFC667A8DFE6FF9F0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DA87B6FF82495AFC667A8DFE6FF9F0" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="1070" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF824959FBB37A8DFACCFCD1" authority="Hicks, 1895" authorityName="Hicks" authorityYear="1895" box="[1049,1296,757,784]" class="Trilobita" family="Centropleuridae" genus="Plutonides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF824959FBB37A8DFB58FCCE" box="[1049,1156,757,783]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">Plutonides</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF824959FB217A8DFACCFCD1" author="Hicks" box="[1163,1296,757,784]" firstAuthor="Hicks" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" pagination="230 - 231" refId="ref26169" refString="HICKS H. 1895. - On the genus Plutonides (non Plutonia) from the Cambrian rocks of St. David's. Geological Magazine 2 (5): 230 - 231. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0016756800121193" type="journal article" year="1895">Hicks, 1895</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C369652BFF824959FC877B56FB5EFC87" box="[813,1154,814,838]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" type="reference_group">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD210B1FF824959FC877B56FBEEFC87" author="Hicks" box="[813,1074,814,838]" page="230" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" year="1895">
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF824959FC877B56FBEEFC87" authority="Hicks, 1895: 230" authorityName="Hicks" authorityPageNumber="230" authorityYear="1895" box="[813,1074,814,838]" class="Trilobita" family="Centropleuridae" genus="Plutonides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF824959FC877B56FC57FC87" box="[813,907,814,838]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">Plutonides</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF824959FC247B56FBEEFC87" author="Hicks" box="[910,1074,814,838]" firstAuthor="Hicks" page="230" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" pagination="230 - 231" refId="ref26169" refString="HICKS H. 1895. - On the genus Plutonides (non Plutonia) from the Cambrian rocks of St. David's. Geological Magazine 2 (5): 230 - 231. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0016756800121193" type="journal article" year="1895">Hicks, 1895: 230</bibRefCitation>
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, 231. —
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</paragraph>
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<typeStatus id="54C88802FF824959FB2F7B57FB68FC86" box="[1157,1204,815,839]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF824959FAAA7B56FC79FCA0" authority="Hicks, 1871" authorityName="Hicks" authorityYear="1871" class="Gastropoda" family="Vitrinidae" genus="Plutonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sedgwickii">
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<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF824959FAAA7B56FA72FC87" box="[1280,1454,814,838]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">Plutonia sedgwickii</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF824959FC817B31FC79FCA0" author="Hicks" box="[811,933,841,865]" firstAuthor="Hicks" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" pagination="399 - 404" refId="ref26069" refString="HICKS H. 1871. - Descriptions of new species of fossils from the Longmynd rocks of St. David's. The Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 27 (1): 399 - 404. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 35591090" type="journal article" year="1871">Hicks, 1871</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, designated by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF824959FB977B31FAEAFCA0" author="Whittington" box="[1085,1334,841,865]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Whittington" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" refId="ref31134" refString="WHITTINGTON H. B., CHATTERTON B. D. E., SPEYER S. E., FORTEY R. A., OWENS R. M., CHANG W. T., DEAN W. T., JELL P. A., LAURIE J. R., PALMER A. R., REPINA L. N., RUSHTON A. W. A., SHERGOLD J. H., CLARKSON E. N. K., WILMONT N. V. & KELLY S. R. A., 1997. - Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part O, Arthropoda 1, Trilobita, Revised. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas, Boulder, Colorado, and Lawrence, Kansas, 530 p." type="book" year="1997">
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Whittington
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<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF824959FB157B31FB32FCA0" box="[1215,1262,841,865]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">et al.</emphasis>
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(1997)
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</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C369652BFF824959FC877B00FBE7FC51" box="[813,1083,888,912]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF824959FC877B00FBE7FC51" blockId="21.[813,1454,888,939]" box="[813,1083,888,912]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD210B1FF824959FC877B00FBC7FC51" author="Hicks" box="[813,1051,888,912]" page="69" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" year="1869">
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF824959FC877B00FBC7FC51" ID-CoL="7PCZH" authority="Hicks, 1869: 69" authorityName="Hicks" authorityPageNumber="69" authorityYear="1869" box="[813,1051,888,912]" class="Gastropoda" family="Vitrinidae" genus="Plutonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF824959FC877B00FCA0FC51" box="[813,892,888,912]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">Plutonia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF824959FC2A7B00FBC7FC51" author="Hicks" box="[896,1051,888,912]" firstAuthor="Hicks" page="69" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" pagination="68 - 69" refId="ref26014" refString="HICKS H. 1869. - On some recent discoveries of fossils in the Cambrian rocks. Conference Proceedings of the Report of the Thirtyeighth Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, Norwich 38: 68 - 69. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 29388265" type="journal article" year="1869">Hicks, 1869: 69</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. —
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C369652BFF824959FB957B01FC28FC6A" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" type="multiple">
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<typeStatus id="54C88802FF824959FB957B01FBB2FC50" box="[1087,1134,889,913]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF824959FB117B00FCBEFC6A" authority="Hicks, 1871" authorityName="Hicks" authorityYear="1871" class="Gastropoda" family="Vitrinidae" genus="Plutonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sedgwickii">
|
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<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF824959FB117B00FAB0FC51" box="[1211,1388,888,912]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">Plutonia sedgwickii</emphasis>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF824959FAC57B00FCBEFC6A" author="Hicks" firstAuthor="Hicks" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" pagination="399 - 404" refId="ref26069" refString="HICKS H. 1871. - Descriptions of new species of fossils from the Longmynd rocks of St. David's. The Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 27 (1): 399 - 404. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 35591090" type="journal article" year="1871">Hicks, 1871</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by monotypy.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C369652BFF824959FC877BBAFB22FC1B" box="[813,1278,962,987]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF824959FC877BBAFB22FC1B" blockId="21.[813,1455,962,1013]" box="[813,1278,962,987]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB63118EFF824959FC877BBAFB3DFC1A" box="[813,1249,962,987]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD210B1FF824959FC877BBAFB02FC1A" author="Fletcher" box="[813,1246,962,987]" page="47" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" year="2007">
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF824959FC877BBAFB02FC1A" authority="Fletcher, 2007: 47" authorityName="Fletcher" authorityPageNumber="47" authorityYear="2007" box="[813,1246,962,987]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Mawddachites">
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<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF824959FC877BBAFC4BFC1B" box="[813,919,962,986]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">Paradoxides</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF824959FC097BBAFBF9FC1B" box="[931,1061,962,986]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">Mawddachites</emphasis>
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||
)
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF824959FB987BBAFB02FC1A" author="Fletcher" box="[1074,1246,962,987]" firstAuthor="Fletcher" page="47" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" pagination="35 - 56" refId="ref25012" refString="FLETCHER T. P. 2007. - Correlating the zones of ' Paradoxides hicksii ' and ' Paradoxides davidis ' in Cambrian Series 3. Memoirs of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists 33: 35 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03115510701586855" type="journal article" year="2007">Fletcher, 2007: 47</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
—
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C369652BFF824959FAAB7BBBFA73FC34" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF824959FAAB7BBBFA73FC34" blockId="21.[813,1455,962,1013]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">
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<typeStatus id="54C88802FF824959FAAB7BBBFAECFC1A" box="[1281,1328,963,987]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF824959FAD67BBBFBF3FC34" authority="Salter, 1866 b" authorityName="Salter" authorityYear="1866" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii">
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<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF824959FAD67BBBFC71FC34" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">Paradoxides hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF824959FC1A7BA5FBF3FC34" author="Salter" box="[944,1071,989,1013]" firstAuthor="Salter" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" pagination="239 - 381" refId="ref29764" refString="SALTER J. W. 1866 b. - On the fossils of North Wales, in RAMSAY A. C. & SALTER J. W. (eds), The Geology of North Wales. Longmans, Green, Reader, and Dyer, London: 239 - 381." type="book chapter" year="1866" yearSuffix="b">Salter, 1866b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by original designation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF824959FAB77BA5FA7DFC34" author="Fletcher" box="[1309,1441,989,1013]" firstAuthor="Fletcher" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" pagination="35 - 56" refId="ref25012" refString="FLETCHER T. P. 2007. - Correlating the zones of ' Paradoxides hicksii ' and ' Paradoxides davidis ' in Cambrian Series 3. Memoirs of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists 33: 35 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03115510701586855" type="journal article" year="2007">Fletcher 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C369652BFF824959FC877C75FA6CFB4F" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF824959FC877C75FA6CFB4F" blockId="21.[812,1456,1036,1166]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">
|
||
DIAGNOSIS. — Surface ornamented; glabella widest at S4 furrow, frontal margin bluntly pointed; S2 to S4 present; palpebral lobes oblique, extending from S1 to S4; posterior section of facial suture sigmoidal; thorax with 19 segments; pygidium with one axial ring (based on
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF824959FC207C0EFC24FB4F" author="Hicks" box="[906,1016,1142,1166]" firstAuthor="Hicks" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" pagination="68 - 69" refId="ref26014" refString="HICKS H. 1869. - On some recent discoveries of fossils in the Cambrian rocks. Conference Proceedings of the Report of the Thirtyeighth Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, Norwich 38: 68 - 69. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 29388265" type="journal article" year="1869">Hicks 1869</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF824959FBAE7C0EFB38FB4F" author="Whittington" box="[1028,1252,1142,1166]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Whittington" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" refId="ref31134" refString="WHITTINGTON H. B., CHATTERTON B. D. E., SPEYER S. E., FORTEY R. A., OWENS R. M., CHANG W. T., DEAN W. T., JELL P. A., LAURIE J. R., PALMER A. R., REPINA L. N., RUSHTON A. W. A., SHERGOLD J. H., CLARKSON E. N. K., WILMONT N. V. & KELLY S. R. A., 1997. - Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part O, Arthropoda 1, Trilobita, Revised. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas, Boulder, Colorado, and Lawrence, Kansas, 530 p." type="book" year="1997">
|
||
Whittington
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF824959FB287C0FFB73FB4F" box="[1154,1199,1142,1166]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1997
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, with modifications).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C369652BFF82495AFC877CCCFE6FF9F0" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="1071" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF824959FC877CCCFC4DFB0F" blockId="21.[811,1457,1204,2028]" box="[813,913,1204,1230]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">REMARKS</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF82495AFC877CACFE6FF9F0" blockId="21.[811,1457,1204,2028]" lastBlockId="22.[130,775,1363,1585]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="1071" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF824959FC877CACFC5BFB2F" authorityName="Hicks" authorityYear="1869" box="[813,903,1236,1262]" class="Gastropoda" family="Vitrinidae" genus="Plutonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF824959FC877CACFC5BFB2F" box="[813,903,1236,1262]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">Plutonia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was first described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF824959FB297CACFACFFB2F" author="Hicks" box="[1155,1299,1236,1262]" firstAuthor="Hicks" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" pagination="68 - 69" refId="ref26014" refString="HICKS H. 1869. - On some recent discoveries of fossils in the Cambrian rocks. Conference Proceedings of the Report of the Thirtyeighth Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, Norwich 38: 68 - 69. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 29388265" type="journal article" year="1869">Hicks (1869)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
but the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF824959FC847C8BFC54FACC" authorityName="Hicks" authorityYear="1869" box="[814,904,1267,1293]" class="Gastropoda" family="Vitrinidae" genus="Plutonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF824959FC847C8BFC54FACC" box="[814,904,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">Plutonia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was used by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF824959FBBA7C8BFB75FACF" author="Stabile" box="[1040,1193,1267,1294]" firstAuthor="Stabile" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" pagination="1 - 141" refId="ref30346" refString="STABILE J. 1864. - Mollusques terrestres vivants du Piemont. Atti della Societa Italiana si Scienze Naturali 7: 1 - 141. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12997" type="journal article" year="1864">Stabile (1864)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for a genus of Mollusca. Therefore,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF824959FC357D6BFBF1FAEF" author="Hicks" box="[927,1069,1299,1326]" firstAuthor="Hicks" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" pagination="230 - 231" refId="ref26169" refString="HICKS H. 1895. - On the genus Plutonides (non Plutonia) from the Cambrian rocks of St. David's. Geological Magazine 2 (5): 230 - 231. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0016756800121193" type="journal article" year="1895">Hicks (1895)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
renamed the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF824959FB567D6BFABBFAEC" authorityName="Hicks" authorityYear="1895" box="[1276,1383,1299,1325]" class="Trilobita" family="Centropleuridae" genus="Plutonides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF824959FB567D6BFABBFAEC" box="[1276,1383,1299,1325]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">Plutonides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which is still recognized today.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF824959FBE67D4BFB20FA8C" author="Fletcher" box="[1100,1276,1331,1357]" firstAuthor="Fletcher" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" pagination="35 - 56" refId="ref25012" refString="FLETCHER T. P. 2007. - Correlating the zones of ' Paradoxides hicksii ' and ' Paradoxides davidis ' in Cambrian Series 3. Memoirs of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists 33: 35 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03115510701586855" type="journal article" year="2007">Fletcher (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
introduced the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF824959FC3D7D2BFB1CFAAC" authorityName="Fletcher" authorityYear="2007" box="[919,1216,1363,1389]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Mawddachites">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF824959FC3D7D2BFBCDFAAC" box="[919,1041,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">Paradoxides</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF824959FB887D2BFB6BFAAC" box="[1058,1207,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">Mawddachites</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF824959FA9F7D2BFCB3FA4C" authorityName="Salter" authorityYear="1866" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF824959FA9F7D2BFCB3FA4C" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">Paradoxides hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C88802FF824959FC3E7D0CFC1EFA4F" box="[916,962,1396,1422]" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species. His diagnosis only includes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF824959FAE87D0BFA7AFA4C" authorityName="Salter" authorityYear="1866" box="[1346,1446,1395,1421]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF824959FAE87D0BFA7AFA4C" box="[1346,1446,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">Pl. hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Diagnostic characteristics presented by the author included a glabella widest at S4, deep S1 to S4 furrows, palpebral lobes extending from the base of L5 to S1, a pygidium almost circular in outline and an exoskeleton ornamented with fine anastomosing venation or granulation. These characteristics match those given byWhittington
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF824959FB327E4BFB15F98D" box="[1176,1225,1586,1612]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1997) for
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF824959FA977E4AFA72F98D" box="[1341,1454,1586,1612]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF824959FA977E4AFA76F98D" authorityName="Hicks" authorityYear="1895" box="[1341,1450,1586,1612]" class="Trilobita" family="Centropleuridae" genus="Plutonides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Plutonides</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
e.g. the characteristic glabella widening to L4, well defined S2 to S4 furrows, palpebral lobes from L1 or S1 to S4, pygidium subhexagonal and a coarsely granulose surface with meshlike pattern of fine, anastomosing ridges. We therefore interpret
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF824959FC877EAAFB88F92D" authorityName="Fletcher" authorityYear="2007" box="[813,1108,1746,1772]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Mawddachites">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF824959FC877EAAFC7BF92D" box="[813,935,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">Paradoxides</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF824959FC1C7EAAFB97F92D" box="[950,1099,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">Mawddachites</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF824959FAA77EAAFAA4F92D" authorityName="Hicks" authorityYear="1895" box="[1293,1400,1746,1772]" class="Trilobita" family="Centropleuridae" genus="Plutonides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF824959FAA77EAAFAA4F92D" box="[1293,1400,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">Plutonides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The distinctly narrow occipital ring and the relatively narrow librigena extending backward into a long curving spine, as mentioned by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF824959FC7B7F49FBA7F88D" author="Fletcher" box="[977,1147,1841,1868]" firstAuthor="Fletcher" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" pagination="35 - 56" refId="ref25012" refString="FLETCHER T. P. 2007. - Correlating the zones of ' Paradoxides hicksii ' and ' Paradoxides davidis ' in Cambrian Series 3. Memoirs of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists 33: 35 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03115510701586855" type="journal article" year="2007">Fletcher (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF824959FB047F4AFB0CF88A" box="[1198,1232,1842,1867]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">Pa.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF824959FB4A7F49FAABF88A" authorityName="Fletcher" authorityYear="2007" box="[1248,1399,1841,1867]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Mawddachites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF824959FB4A7F49FAABF88A" box="[1248,1399,1841,1867]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">Mawddachites</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), are here considered not to be diagnostic.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF824959FB617F29FA87F8AD" author="Hicks" box="[1227,1371,1873,1900]" firstAuthor="Hicks" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" pagination="68 - 69" refId="ref26014" refString="HICKS H. 1869. - On some recent discoveries of fossils in the Cambrian rocks. Conference Proceedings of the Report of the Thirtyeighth Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, Norwich 38: 68 - 69. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 29388265" type="journal article" year="1869">Hicks (1869)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
already mentioned a close relationship between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF824959FB7C7F09FA9DF84A" authorityName="Hicks" authorityYear="1895" box="[1238,1345,1905,1931]" class="Trilobita" family="Centropleuridae" genus="Plutonides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF824959FB7C7F09FA9DF84A" box="[1238,1345,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">Plutonides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF824959FADC7F0AFCA2F86A" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF824959FADC7F0AFCA7F86A" authorityName="Brongniart" authorityYear="1822" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paradoxides</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
but the author still referred to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF824959FB6C7FE9FAEDF86A" authorityName="Hicks" authorityYear="1895" box="[1222,1329,1937,1963]" class="Trilobita" family="Centropleuridae" genus="Plutonides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF824959FB6C7FE9FAEDF86A" box="[1222,1329,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">Plutonides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as differing by its ornamentation of tubercles, unusual position of the eye suture and straight thoracic pleurae.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF824959FB787FA9FA73F82A" author="Fletcher" box="[1234,1455,2001,2028]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Fletcher" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070" pagination="312 - 336" refId="ref25165" refString="FLETCHER T. P., THEOKRITOFF G., LORD G. S. & ZEOLI G. 2005. - The early paradoxidid harlani trilobite fauna of Massachusetts and its correlatives in Newfoundland, Morocco, and Spain. Journal of Paleontology 79 (2): 312 - 336. https: // doi. org / bdcjsg" type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Fletcher
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF824959FA857FAAFABDF82A" box="[1327,1377,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="1070">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2005)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
ranked
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF81495AFF7D7D2BFE9EFAAC" authorityName="Hicks" authorityYear="1895" box="[215,322,1363,1389]" class="Trilobita" family="Centropleuridae" genus="Plutonides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFF7D7D2BFE9EFAAC" box="[215,322,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">Plutonides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as subgenus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF81495AFE5B7D2BFDB6FAAC" authorityName="Brongniart" authorityYear="1822" box="[497,618,1363,1389]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFE5B7D2BFDB6FAAC" box="[497,618,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">Paradoxides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but this view is not followed here.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF81495AFEC37D0CFE08FA4F" authorityName="Hicks" authorityYear="1895" box="[361,468,1396,1422]" class="Trilobita" family="Centropleuridae" genus="Plutonides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFEC37D0CFE08FA4F" box="[361,468,1396,1422]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">Plutonides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not have a transglabellar S2 furrow, which is characteristic for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF81495AFD977DECFD6AFA6F" authorityName="Brongniart" authorityYear="1822" box="[573,694,1428,1454]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFD977DECFD6AFA6F" box="[573,694,1428,1454]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">Paradoxides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Other diagnostic differences in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF81495AFE287DCDFE37FA0E" authorityName="Hicks" authorityYear="1895" box="[386,491,1461,1487]" class="Trilobita" family="Centropleuridae" genus="Plutonides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFE287DCDFE37FA0E" box="[386,491,1461,1487]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">Plutonides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are a shorter palpebral lobe and a bluntly pointed frontal margin compared to a rounded in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF81495AFF0A7D8EFEC6F9D1" authorityName="Brongniart" authorityYear="1822" box="[160,282,1526,1552]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFF0A7D8EFEC6F9D1" box="[160,282,1526,1552]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">Paradoxides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. They clearly mark the separation of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF81495AFF297E6EFF32F9F1" authorityName="Hicks" authorityYear="1895" box="[131,238,1558,1584]" class="Trilobita" family="Centropleuridae" genus="Plutonides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFF297E6EFF32F9F1" box="[131,238,1558,1584]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">Plutonides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF81495AFE997E6EFE71F9F1" authorityName="Brongniart" authorityYear="1822" box="[307,429,1558,1584]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFE997E6EFE71F9F1" box="[307,429,1558,1584]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">Paradoxides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |