459 lines
60 KiB
XML
459 lines
60 KiB
XML
<document id="FC4FBB6EBAE86E49467D605D5A73D70C" ID-CLB-Dataset="24900" ID-DOI="10.1093/isd/ixz015" ID-GBIF-Dataset="56172c62-3e7c-4ab7-83d4-1dd9f5c57eb5" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3542130" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1573763013583" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hita-Garcia, Francisco, Lieberman, Ziv, Audisio, Tracy L., Liu, Cong & Economo, Evan P." docDate="2019" docId="03D9AC4AE572FF91FF64F915BA1900E1" docLanguage="en" docName="insectSystematicsDiversity.ixz015.pdf" docOrigin="Insect Systematics and Diversity 5" docStyle="DocumentStyle:20C34595BA01015AC07A3B955E96DF74.8:InsectSystDivers.2017-.journal_article" docStyleId="20C34595BA01015AC07A3B955E96DF74" docStyleName="InsectSystDivers.2017-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="8" docTitle="Discothyrea dryad Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo 2019, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="43" masterDocId="FFE0D432E555FFBBFFF6FF95BB120352" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Highly Specialized Ant Genus Discothyrea (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Afrotropics with X-Ray Microtomography and 3 D Cybertaxonomy" masterLastPageNumber="84" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="40" updateTime="1698765580234" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="A26056BEA6E1508F4F496F2CC773BF4D">Revision of the Highly Specialized Ant Genus Discothyrea (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Afrotropics with X-Ray Microtomography and 3 D Cybertaxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DAE73E805DCE5360A330E60D52665977">Hita-Garcia, Francisco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7E0A0287D9DE45B32AF551D33AEE2AE0">Lieberman, Ziv</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="64E3DFDE3B8E711A72B6EC21B6B0B848">Audisio, Tracy L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="7E54383F34C8F1A7EE3F2D830D3C4D60">Insect Systematics and Diversity</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03D9AC4AE572FF91FF64F915BA1900E1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5922604" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160400422" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5922604" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9AC4AE572FF91FF64F915BA1900E1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D9AC4AE572FF91FF64F915BA1900E1" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE572FF9CFF64F915B96F05C5" authority="Hita Garcia & Lieberman" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[146,637,1664,1687]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dryad" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B904C14EE572FF9CFF64F915BA7205C5" box="[146,352,1664,1687]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Discothyrea dryad</emphasis>
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Hita Garcia & Lieberman
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</paragraph>
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(
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E572FF9CFF6CF936BBE705EB" box="[154,245,1698,1722]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[146,173,1283,1300]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,148,1247]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[152,1435,147,1248]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 4. Maps showing the known distribution ranges of Afrotropical Discothyrea species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542140" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542140/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Figs. 4G</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E572FF9CFEF5F937BA3105EB" box="[259,291,1698,1721]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[146,173,1454,1471]" captionTargetBox="[155,1434,149,1418]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[154,1434,147,1419]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 6. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in full-face view (the remainder of the body virtually removed). All Afrotropical species are shown, species names are embedded in each particular image for better comparison and orientation.Specimen codes are given inTable 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542144" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542144/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">6G</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E572FF9CFEC6F937BA4305EB" box="[304,337,1698,1721]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[146,173,1457,1474]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,149,1421]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[152,1435,147,1422]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 7. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in profile (the remainder of the body virtually removed).All Afrotropical species are shown, species names are embedded in each particular image for better comparison and orientation. Specimen codes are given inTable 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542148" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542148/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">7G</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E572FF9CFEA8F937BA6C05EB" box="[350,382,1698,1721]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[146,172,1457,1474]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,149,1421]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[152,1435,147,1422]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 8. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the right mandible in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed).All Afrotropical species are shown,species names are embedded in each particular image for better comparison and orientation.Specimen codes are given inTable 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542150" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542150/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">8G</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E572FF9CFE7DF937BAB905EB" box="[395,427,1698,1721]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[146,173,1457,1474]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,149,1421]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[152,1435,147,1422]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 9. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in profile (the remainder of the body virtually removed). All Afrotropical species are shown, species names are embedded in each particular image for better comparison and orientation.Specimen codes are given inTable 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542152/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">9G</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E572FF9CFE4FF937BAF105EB" box="[441,483,1698,1721]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[146,173,1457,1474]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,149,1421]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[152,1435,147,1422]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 10. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the body in dorsal view with focus on mesosoma.All Afrotropical species are shown, species names are embedded in each particular image for better comparison and orientation. Specimen codes are given inTable 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542154" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542154/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">10G</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E572FF9CFE04F937B90B05EB" box="[498,537,1698,1721]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[146,173,1454,1471]" captionTargetBox="[155,1434,149,1418]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[154,1434,147,1419]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 11. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the posterior propodeum in posterior view (the remainder of the body virtually removed). All Afrotropical species are shown, species names are embedded in each particular image for better comparison and orientation. Specimen codes are given inTable 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542156" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542156/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">11G</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E572FF9CFDDFF937B94405EB" box="[553,598,1698,1721]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[146,173,1454,1471]" captionTargetBox="[155,1434,149,1418]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[154,1434,147,1419]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 12. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the petiole and gaster in profile (the remainder of the body virtually removed).All Afrotropical species are shown, species names are embedded in each particular image for better comparison and orientation.Specimen codes are given inTable 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542158" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542158/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">12G</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E572FF9CFD92F936B99D05E8" box="[612,655,1699,1722]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[146,173,534,551]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,148,499]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[152,1435,147,499]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 13. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of mesotibiae and mesotarsi with mesotibial apicoventral spur, if present, colorized in green. (A) D. gaia, (B) D. poweri, (C) D. traegaordhi, (D) D. dryad, (E) D. maia, (F) D. wakanda." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542160" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542160/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">13D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E572FF9CFD6BF937B9DB05EB" box="[669,713,1698,1721]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[146,173,1454,1471]" captionTargetBox="[155,1434,149,1419]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[154,1434,147,1419]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 14. Diagnostic plate showing differences in body pilosity. (A) D. mixta (CASENT0235473),(B) D. oculata (CASENT0235467),(C) D. aisnetu (CASENT0235475), (D) D.athene (CASENT0235476),(E) D.chimera (CASENT0235471),(F) D.damato (CASENT0247362),(G) D.dryad (CASENT0247371),(H) D.gaia (CASENT0247040), (I) D. gryphon (CASENT0247367), (J) D. hawkesi (CASENT0235470), (K) D. kalypso (CASENT0235468), (L) D. maia (CASENT0790541), (M) D. michelae (CASENT0235469), (N) D. patrizii (CASENT0235472), (O) D. penthos (CASENT0247383), (P) D. poweri (SAM-ENT-0011509), (Q) D. schulzei (CASENT0247370), (R) D. traegaordhi (CASENT0790122), (S) D. venus (CASENT0247017), (T) D. wakanda (CASENT0790326).With the exception of F, L, R,T, all other images are from https://www.antweb.org—photographers Michele Esposito and Will Ericson." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542162" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542162/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">14G</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E572FF9CFF64F956BBAF0588" box="[146,189,1731,1754]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[146,173,1654,1671]" captionTargetBox="[249,1339,148,1619]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[248,1339,147,1619]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 15. Antennal anatomy showing flagellar fusion in Discothyrea. (A) D. mixta (CASENT0285473)—light microscopy, (B) D. traegaordhi (CASENT0790122) —light microscopy, (C) D. traegaordhi (CASENT0790122)—equivalent view to 15B but performed with surface volume rendering, (D) Zasphinctus sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 (CASENT0764654)—sagittal section of surface volume rendering, (E) D. traegaordhi (CASENT0790122)—sagittal section of surface volume rendering, (F) D. mixta (CASENT0790542)—surface volume rendering showing each antennomere in different color, (G) D. mixta (CASENT0790542)—equivalent view to 15F but sagittal section, (H) D. dryad (CASENT0247374)—sagittal section of surface volume rendering showing each antennomere in different color, (I) D. gryphon (CASENT0790103),sagittal section of surface volume rendering showing each antennomere in different color." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542164" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542164/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">15H</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E572FF9CFF3DF956BBF40588" box="[203,230,1731,1754]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[818,845,1061,1078]" captionTargetBox="[819,1440,147,1026]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[819,1440,147,1026]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 31. Stacked digital color images of D. dryad sp. n. (CASENT0247371 - from https://www.antweb.org, photographer Michele Esposito). (A) body in profile, (B) body in dorsal view, (C) head in full-face view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542196" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542196/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">31</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134B01D9E572FF9CFF05F956BA1C0588" box="[243,270,1731,1754]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="40.[146,173,1782,1799]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,147,1747]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[202,1386,147,1747]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 32. Still images from shaded surface display volume renderings of D. dryad sp. n. holotype (CASENT0247374) showing virtually segmented body parts. (A) Body in dorsal view, (B) body in profile, (C) head in full-face view, (D) head in dorsal view, (E) head in anterodorsal view, (F) head in anterior view, (G) head in profile, (H) head in ventral view, (I) posterior propodeum in posterior view, (J) petiole in profile, (K) petiole and gaster in profile, (L) petiole in dorsal view, (M) petiole in anterior view, (N) petiole oblique anterior view, (O) gaster in dorsal view, (P) petiole in ventral view, (Q) abdominal sternite 3 in ventral view, (R) mesotibia and mesotarsus in anterior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542198/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">32</figureCitation>
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; Supp. Video S7 [online only])
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36A4ED7E572FF9CFF64F973BE8C052D" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE572FF9CFF64F973BA0605AA" blockId="39.[146,770,1664,1961]" box="[146,276,1765,1785]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<emphasis id="B904C14EE572FF9CFF64F973BA0605AA" bold="true" box="[146,276,1765,1785]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Type Material</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE572FF9CFF64F896BA8104FB" blockId="39.[146,770,1664,1961]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<materialsCitation id="3B181701E572FF9CFF64F896B930043C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2451560212" collectingDate="1974-11-07" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="V. Mahnert" country="Kenya" county="Kedowa" elevation="2300" location="Rift Valley Province" municipality="Mau" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" specimenCode="CASENT0247374" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B904C14EE572FF9CFF64F896BA190444" bold="true" box="[146,267,1795,1814]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE572FF9CFF64F896BA190444" box="[146,267,1795,1814]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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, pinned worker,
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<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE572FF9CFE46F896BAEF0444" box="[432,509,1795,1814]" name="Kenya" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">KENYA</collectingCountry>
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,
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<location id="8EAF4B87E572FF9CFDFCF896B9DB0444" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9AC4AE572FF91FF64F915BA1900E1:8EAF4B87E572FF9CFDFCF896B9DB0444" box="[522,713,1795,1814]" country="Kenya" county="Kedowa" municipality="Mau" name="Rift Valley Province" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Rift Valley Province</location>
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,
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<location id="8EAF4B87E572FF9CFD20F896BBDF0466" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9AC4AE572FF91FF64F915BA1900E1:8EAF4B87E572FF9CFD20F896BBDF0466" country="Kenya" county="Kedowa" municipality="Mau" name="Mau Forest" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Mau Forest</location>
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, between
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BAB8726E572FF9CFEDFF8B4BA470466" box="[297,341,1825,1844]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Mau</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
summit and
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62AE65D0E572FF9CFE39F8B5B90F0461" box="[463,541,1824,1843]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Kedowa</collectingCounty>
|
||
, [-0.17, 35.59], ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E572FF9CFD24F8B5BBEA0403" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="2300.0" valueMax="2400.0" valueMin="2200.0">
|
||
<elevation id="005DFA6FE572FF9CFD24F8B5BBEA0403" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="2300.0" valueMax="2400.0" valueMin="2200.0">
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE572FF9CFD24F8B5BBCE0403" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="2200" valueMax="2400">2200 to 2400</date>
|
||
m
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, collection code ANTC37525, litter sample,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE572FF9CFD55F8ABB8100403" box="[675,770,1854,1873]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="1974-11-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8AC274E572FF9CFD55F8ABB8100403" box="[675,770,1854,1873]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="1974-11-07">7.XI.1974</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE572FF9CFF6FF8CEBA11043C" box="[153,259,1883,1902]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE572FF9CFF6FF8CEBA11043C" box="[153,259,1883,1902]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">V. Mahnert</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED618599E572FF9CFEECF8CEBA76043C" box="[282,356,1883,1902]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD6B527E572FF9CFE86F8CEB90F043C" box="[368,541,1883,1902]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">CASENT0247374</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B181701E572FF9CFDD9F8CEBA9D04FB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2451560207" collectingDate="1974-11-07" collectionCode="MCZC, SAMC" collectorName="V. Mahnert" country="Kenya" county="Kedowa" elevation="2300" location="Rift Valley Province" municipality="Mau" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" specimenCode="CASENT0247373" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE572FF9CFDD9F8CEB998043C" box="[559,650,1883,1902]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
, two pinned workers with same data as holotype (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED618599E572FF9CFE13F8EDB93E04D9" box="[485,556,1912,1931]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">MCZC</collectionCode>
|
||
: MCZ-ENT00593561;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED618599E572FF9CFF64F803BBC104FB" box="[146,211,1942,1961]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD6B527E572FF9CFF2AF803BA9B04FB" box="[220,393,1942,1961]" collectionCode="SAMC" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="Museum">CASENT0247373</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE572FF9CFCC4FB07BEB106DD" blockId="39.[818,1443,1170,1424]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE572FF9CFCC4FB07B88507F7" box="[818,919,1170,1189]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Cybertype.</emphasis>
|
||
Volumetric raw data (in DICOM format), 3D rotation video, still images of surface volume rendering, and 3D surface (in PLY format) of the physical
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE572FF9CFBB2FB59BF87078D" box="[1092,1173,1228,1247]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(CASENT0247374) in addition to stacked digital color images illustrating head in full-face view, profile and dorsal views of the body.The data are deposited at Dryad (Hita Garcia et al. 2019, http://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.3qm4183) and can be freely accessed as virtual representation of the type. In addition to the cybertype data at Dryad, we also provide a freely accessible 3D surface model of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE572FF9CFB85FAE9BFD606DD" box="[1139,1220,1404,1423]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
at Sketchfab (Model 7).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE572FF9CFCC4FA28B8C5069D" blockId="39.[818,1442,1468,1664]" box="[818,983,1468,1488]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E572FF9CFCC4FA28B8C5069D" bold="true" box="[818,983,1468,1488]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE572FF9CFCC4FA28B8C5069D" bold="true" box="[818,983,1468,1488]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Nontype Material</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE572FF9CFCC4FA4FBE8C052D" blockId="39.[818,1442,1468,1664]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B181701E572FF9CFCC4FA4FBE88052D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2451560180" collectingDate="1974-11-25" collectingDateMax="1977-10-03" collectingDateMin="1974-11-25" collectorName="V. Mahnert & J. L. Perret & Kirimiri Forest, W." country="Kenya" county="Nadarua County" elevation="2000" latitude="-0.41861" location="Irangi Forest Station" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="37.54278" municipality="Eastern Province" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Embu">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE572FF9CFCC4FA4FB89306BF" box="[818,897,1498,1517]" name="Kenya" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">KENYA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAB8726E572FF9CFC7AFA4FBF3E06BF" box="[908,1068,1498,1517]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Eastern Province</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B4D3BEE572FF9CFBCFFA4FBF6306BF" box="[1081,1137,1498,1517]" country="Kenya" name="Embu" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Embu</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EAF4B87E572FF9CFB88FA4FBE5106BF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9AC4AE572FF91FF64F915BA1900E1:8EAF4B87E572FF9CFB88FA4FBE5106BF" box="[1150,1347,1498,1517]" country="Kenya" county="Nadarua County" latitude="-0.41861" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="37.54278" municipality="Eastern Province" name="Irangi Forest Station" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" stateProvince="Embu">Irangi Forest Station</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE572FF9CFAB9FA4FBE8C06BF" box="[1359,1438,1498,1517]" degrees="0.3475" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" precision="5" value="-0.3475">−0.3475</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE572FF9CFCC4FA62B8670558" box="[818,885,1527,1546]" degrees="37.485" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" precision="55" value="37.485">37.485</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E572FF9CFC75FA62B8DD0558" box="[899,975,1527,1546]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="2000.0">
|
||
<elevation id="005DFA6FE572FF9CFC75FA62B8DD0558" box="[899,975,1527,1546]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE572FF9CFC28FA62BF2C0558" box="[990,1086,1527,1546]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="1977-05-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8AC274E572FF9CFC28FA62BF2C0558" box="[990,1086,1527,1546]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="1977-05-11">11.V.1977</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE572FF9CFBB9FA6DBE570558" box="[1103,1349,1527,1546]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE572FF9CFBB9FA6DBFA80558" box="[1103,1210,1527,1546]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">V. Mahnert</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE572FF9CFB12FA6DBE570558" box="[1252,1349,1528,1546]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">J.L. Perret</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
);
|
||
<location id="8EAF4B87E572FF9CFAABFA62B8910575" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9AC4AE572FF91FF64F915BA1900E1:8EAF4B87E572FF9CFAABFA62B8910575" country="Kenya" county="Nadarua County" latitude="-0.41861" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="37.54278" municipality="Eastern Province" name="Eastern Province" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" stateProvince="Embu">Eastern Province</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B4D3BEE572FF9CFC61F981B8DD0575" box="[919,975,1556,1575]" country="Kenya" name="Embu" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Embu</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE572FF9CFC15F981BFB7057A" box="[995,1189,1556,1576]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<location id="8EAF4B87E572FF9CFC15F981BF6A057A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9AC4AE572FF91FF64F915BA1900E1:8EAF4B87E572FF9CFC15F981BF6A057A" box="[995,1144,1556,1576]" country="Kenya" county="Nadarua County" latitude="-0.41861" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="37.54278" municipality="Eastern Province" name="Kirimiri Forest" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" stateProvince="Embu">Kirimiri Forest</location>
|
||
, W.
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
of
|
||
<location id="8EAF4B87E572FF9CFB21F981BE3D0575" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9AC4AE572FF91FF64F915BA1900E1:8EAF4B87E572FF9CFB21F981BE3D0575" box="[1239,1327,1556,1575]" country="Kenya" county="Nadarua County" latitude="-0.41861" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="37.54278" municipality="Eastern Province" name="Runyenje" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" stateProvince="Embu">Runyenje</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE572FF9CFAB2F981BE8C0575" box="[1348,1438,1556,1575]" degrees="0.41861" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" precision="1" value="-0.41861">−0.41861</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE447B9BE572FF9CFCC4F9A7B89F0517" box="[818,909,1586,1605]" degrees="37.54278" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" precision="1" value="37.54278">37.54278</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E572FF9CFC4CF9A7BF170517" box="[954,1029,1586,1605]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="1550.0">
|
||
<elevation id="005DFA6FE572FF9CFC4CF9A7BF170517" box="[954,1029,1586,1605]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="1550.0">1550 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE572FF9CFBE4F9A7BF7B0517" box="[1042,1129,1586,1605]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="1977-10-03">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8AC274E572FF9CFBE4F9A7BF7B0517" box="[1042,1129,1586,1605]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="1977-10-03">3.X.1977</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE572FF9CFB8FF9A7BE7A0516" box="[1145,1384,1586,1605]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE572FF9CFB8FF9A7BFF10517" box="[1145,1251,1586,1605]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">V. Mahnert</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE572FF9CFAFFF9A7BE7A0516" box="[1289,1384,1586,1604]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">J.L. Perret</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
);
|
||
<location id="8EAF4B87E572FF9CFA88F9A7B8D70530" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9AC4AE572FF91FF64F915BA1900E1:8EAF4B87E572FF9CFA88F9A7B8D70530" country="Kenya" county="Nadarua County" latitude="-0.41861" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="37.54278" municipality="Eastern Province" name="Rift Valley Province" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" stateProvince="Embu">Rift Valley Province</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62AE65D0E572FF9CFC22F9DABF670530" box="[980,1141,1615,1634]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Nadarua County</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EAF4B87E572FF9CFB74F9DABE8C0530" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9AC4AE572FF91FF64F915BA1900E1:8EAF4B87E572FF9CFB74F9DABE8C0530" box="[1154,1438,1615,1634]" country="Kenya" county="Nadarua County" latitude="-0.41861" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="37.54278" municipality="Eastern Province" name="Mt. Aberdares National Park" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" stateProvince="Embu">Mt. Aberdares National Park</location>
|
||
, [−0.38, 36.699],
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E572FF9CFC3BF9F8BF0705D2" box="[973,1045,1645,1664]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="2300.0">
|
||
<elevation id="005DFA6FE572FF9CFC3BF9F8BF0705D2" box="[973,1045,1645,1664]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="2300.0">2300 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, sifted leaf litter,
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE572FF9CFB44F9F9BE0F052D" box="[1202,1309,1644,1663]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="1974-11-25">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8AC274E572FF9CFB44F9F9BE0F052D" box="[1202,1309,1644,1663]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="1974-11-25">25.XI.1974</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE572FF9CFADCF9F8BE83052D" box="[1322,1425,1644,1663]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<collectorName id="2685788AE572FF9CFADCF9F8BE83052D" box="[1322,1425,1644,1663]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">V. Mahnert</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36A4ED7E572FF92FCC4F939BA0101D5" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE572FF9CFCC4F939B89E05ED" blockId="39.[818,1442,1708,1962]" box="[818,908,1708,1727]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E572FF9CFCC4F939B89E05ED" bold="true" box="[818,908,1708,1727]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE572FF9CFCC4F939B89E05ED" bold="true" box="[818,908,1708,1727]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE572FF92FCC4F95FBA0101D5" blockId="39.[818,1442,1708,1962]" lastBlockId="41.[146,772,554,647]" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
The following character combination distinguishes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE572FF9CFAC5F95FB87505A8" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dryad">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE572FF9CFAC5F95FB87505A8" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Discothyrea dryad</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the remainder of the complex: larger species (WL 0.56–0.60); dense layer of standing pilosity present on dorsal surfaces of body; mesosoma thick but elongate (DMI2 87–91), in dorsal view clearly tapering posteriorly; in profile frontal lamella with anterodorsal corner angulate, with prominent, elongate elliptic basal fenestra; masticatory margin of mandible edentate; anterolateral corner of gena not sharply angled and not denticulate/dentate;
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57CFF92FF64FDBFBBCA0169" bold="true" box="[146,216,554,571]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Model 7.</emphasis>
|
||
3D surface model of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE57CFF92FE62FDBFBACE0169" authority="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo, 2019" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[404,476,554,571]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dryad" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57CFF92FE62FDBFBACE0169" box="[404,476,554,571]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">D. dryad</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2377C35E57CFF92FE12FDBFB9010169" box="[484,531,554,571]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CBA3FEE57CFF92FDECFDBFB9700169" box="[538,610,554,571]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(CASENT0247374). An interactive version of this model is available in the HTML version of this article online and at https://sketchfab.com/3d-models/33779d9ea2884e729cc 6bddcb0375f5e.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF0F4DD4E57DFF93FF64F963BAE4043F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542198" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3542198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542198/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" startId="40.[146,173,1782,1799]" targetBox="[202,1386,147,1747]" targetPageId="40">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE57DFF93FF64F963BAE4043F" blockId="40.[146,1444,1782,1901]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57DFF93FF64F963BBDD0455" bold="true" box="[146,207,1782,1799]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 32.</emphasis>
|
||
Still images from shaded surface display volume renderings of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE57DFF93FD11F963B83C0455" authority="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo, 2019" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[743,814,1782,1799]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dryad" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57DFF93FD11F963B83C0455" box="[743,814,1782,1799]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">D. dryad</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2377C35E57DFF93FCC2F963B8700455" box="[820,866,1782,1799]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
holotype (CASENT0247374) showing virtually segmented body parts. (A) Body in dorsal view, (B) body in profile, (C) head in full-face view, (D) head in dorsal view, (E) head in anterodorsal view, (F) head in anterior view, (G) head in profile, (H) head in ventral view, (I) posterior propodeum in posterior view, (J) petiole in profile, (K) petiole and gaster in profile, (L) petiole in dorsal view, (M) petiole in anterior view, (N) petiole oblique anterior view, (O) gaster in dorsal view, (P) petiole in ventral view, (Q) abdominal sternite 3 in ventral view, (R) mesotibia and mesotarsus in anterior view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36A4ED7E57CFF92FF64FD28B8C5058A" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE57CFF92FF64FD28B96C0031" blockId="41.[146,770,701,867]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">mesosomal outline weakly to moderately convex; propodeum angulate to weakly dentate; mesotibia without apicoventral spur; AT4 around 1.2 to 1.3 times longer than AT3 (ASI 122–133); subpetiolar process shorter, blunt or rounded, not projecting anteroventrally; abdominal sternite 3 rounded and without any projecting lobe; anterior clypeal margin bearing only short curved setae.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE57CFF92FF64FC00B90600FA" blockId="41.[146,770,917,1112]" box="[146,532,917,936]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E57CFF92FF64FC00B90600FA" bold="true" box="[146,532,917,936]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57CFF92FF64FC00B90600FA" bold="true" box="[146,532,917,936]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
Worker Measurements and Indices (
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57CFF92FE2BFC00BAFB00FA" bold="true" box="[477,489,917,936]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 5)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE57CFF92FF64FC26BAE3070A" blockId="41.[146,770,917,1112]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
EL 0.01–0.02; HL 0.52–0.57; HW 0.42–0.45; SL 0.29–0.32;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE57CFF92FD12FC26B8100094" box="[740,770,947,966]" name="Philippines" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">PH</collectingCountry>
|
||
0.33–0.35; PW 0.33–0.34; DML 0.36–0.39; PrH 0.33–0.35; WL 0.56–0.60; HFL 0.31–0.36; PeL 0.08–0.09; PeW 0.19–0.21; PeH 0.22–0.23; LT3 0.31–0.34; LT4 0.44–0.46; OI 2–4; CI 79–81; SI 55–56; LMI 45–49; DMI 56–58; DMI2 87–91; ASI 122–133; HFI 54–60; DPeI 222–250; LPeI 244–288.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE57CFF92FF64FB1DBA5507C9" blockId="41.[146,771,1160,1942]" box="[146,327,1160,1179]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E57CFF92FF64FB1DBA5507C9" bold="true" box="[146,327,1160,1179]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57CFF92FF64FB1DBA5507C9" bold="true" box="[146,327,1160,1179]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Worker Description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE57CFF92FF64FB30BADF046F" blockId="41.[146,771,1160,1942]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57CFF92FF64FB30BBD607EA" box="[146,196,1189,1208]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Head</emphasis>
|
||
subrectangular, clearly longer than broad, (CI 79–81), posterior head margin more or less straight; posterodorsal corners of head rounded; in frontal view, sides of head slightly convex; eyes minute (OI 2–4), a simple pigmented spot or with a few tiny ommatidia, situated slightly anterad one-third of the way between anterolateral corner of gena and posterior head margin, sometimes just visible in frontal view; frontal lamella short, dentiform in profile, apex acute; lamella with well-defined, elliptical translucent basal fenestra; medial clypeus gently convex, lateral clypeus curving gently between antennal sockets and anterolateral corners of head, bearing short curved setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57CFF92FEB2FA5EBA80068C" box="[324,402,1483,1502]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Antenna</emphasis>
|
||
with moderately long scape (SI 55–56), scape moderately incrassate, gently bent; pedicel campaniform, slightly longer than broad; true antennomere count nine; apparent antennomere count nine to eleven, flagellomeres basad apical club highly compressed, taken together only about as long as apical club.
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57CFF92FF07F9C8BA7A0522" box="[241,360,1629,1648]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Ventral head</emphasis>
|
||
with weakly developed postoccipital ridge without anteromedial carina; medial region of hypostoma strongly triangular, arms narrowed, slightly spatulate apicolaterally; palpal formula not examined.
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57CFF92FE91F920BAAD059A" box="[359,447,1717,1736]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Mandible</emphasis>
|
||
edentate except for relatively large, curved prebasal denticle; an indistinct preapical swelling sometimes present; ectal face with longtudinal carina confluent with masticatory margin for most of its length, leaving just preapical denticle offset in smooth depressed region.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE57CFF92FF44F8DDB8DA020A" blockId="41.[146,771,1160,1942]" lastBlockId="41.[818,1443,149,1752]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57CFF92FF44F8DDBA060408" box="[178,276,1864,1882]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Mesosoma</emphasis>
|
||
weakly to moderately convex, pronotum approximately at same level as propodeum; in dorsal view mesosoma moderately thick (DMI 56–58; DMI2 87–91) and narrowed posteriorly, pronotum wider than propodeum; pronotal humeri rounded; posterior propodeal margin concave; posterodorsal corners of propodeum denticulate to weakly dentate; declivitous face of propodeum distinctly concave in profile and oblique posterior view; propodeal spiracle small, inconspicuous, directed posterolaterally; propodeal lobes dorsoventrally broad but anteroposteriorly short, blunt-flangelike.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE57CFF92FCA4FEF6BF48029C" blockId="41.[818,1443,149,1752]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57CFF92FCA4FEF6B86F0227" box="[850,893,355,373]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
short to intermediate in length (HFI 54–60); mesotibia without apicoventral spur; with small but distinct seta inserted in apical pit; mesobasitarsus relatively short, slightly longer than tarsomeres II–IV taken together.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE57CFF92FCA4FE4DBE830042" blockId="41.[818,1443,149,1752]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57CFF92FCA4FE4DB8DD02B9" box="[850,975,472,491]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Petiolar node</emphasis>
|
||
not strongly attenuated dorsally, though peaked in profile, about 2.5 to 2.9 times as high as long (LPeI 244–288); in profile anterior face of node posterodorsally sloping, apex peaked, posterior face sloping posteroventrally; in dorsal view, petiole rectangular, sides subparallel to somewhat convex, about 2.2 to 2.5 times as broad as long (DPeI 222–250); in anterior view, petiolar outline roughly pentagonal, angles rounded but faces well defined; in oblique anterior view, anterior face flat; in ventral view, broadly rectangular, sides weakly diverging posteriorly; subpetiolar process relatively short, lobate to triangular with rounded apex; petiolar spiracles very large, elliptical to roughly reniform in ventral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE57CFF92FCA4FC8EBFD20764" blockId="41.[818,1443,149,1752]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57CFF92FCA4FC8EBF33007C" box="[850,1057,795,814]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Abdominal segment 3</emphasis>
|
||
roughly campaniform, tergite prolonged anteriorly past anterior sternal margin; sternite convex in profile;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE57CFF92FCC4FCC3B85D003B" box="[818,847,854,873]" name="American Samoa" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">AS</collectingCountry>
|
||
3 with thick ridge broadening to lobe at about sternite’s midline;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE57CFF92FCC4FCE6B85D00D4" box="[818,847,883,902]" name="American Samoa" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">AS</collectingCountry>
|
||
3 without carinate prora, but still with anterior face distinctly depressed and anterior margin of ventral face concave in ventral view; AT4 around 1.2 to 1.3 times longer than AT3 (ASI 122–133); AT4 almost perfectly hemidemispherical;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE57CFF92FB4EFC5EBFC1008C" box="[1208,1235,971,990]" name="American Samoa" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">AS</collectingCountry>
|
||
4 with well-developed anterior lip, overlapping most of the width of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE57CFF92FB29FC7DBFEF00A9" box="[1247,1277,1000,1019]" name="American Samoa" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">AS</collectingCountry>
|
||
3, anterior margin straight to very weakly sinuate in ventral view; successive abdominal segments short, telescopic, often concealed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE57CFF92FCA4FBD5BFF80672" blockId="41.[818,1443,149,1752]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57CFF92FCA4FBD5B8BB0701" box="[850,937,1088,1107]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Sculpture</emphasis>
|
||
on head, mesosoma, petiole, and abdominal segment 3 regularly foveolate-reticulate, usually somewhat coarser on head than mesosoma; ventral head AT3 sometimes more sparsely punctate; sculpture becoming weak or absent posterad antennal sockets; ventral head surface punctate to finely punctulate-reticulate; mandible roughly sculptured with piligerous punctulae; AT4 distinctly smoother and shinier than AT3, with abundant but fine piligerous punctulae, becoming finely rugulose posteriorly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE57CFF92FCA4FABEBFCC05CC" blockId="41.[818,1443,149,1752]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57CFF92FCA4FABEB88F066C" box="[850,925,1323,1342]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Setation</emphasis>
|
||
on head mostly fine, appressed, white pubescence; a few short erect hairs sometimes present on head; mesosomal, petiolar, and abdominal dorsa with fairly abundant standing pilosity, mostly subdecumbent or suberect, with scattered erect setae, in addition to appressed pubescence, longer and more abundant than on head; appressed pubescence on lateral mesosoma, sides of AT3, and abdominal sternite 3 very dilute and inconspicuous, that on AT4 longer and evenly distributed over entire tergite; successive abdominal segments with standing pilosity not significantly longer than that on AT4 though somewhat more conspicuous due to reduced sculpture; scape and legs with evenly distributed appressed pubescence; ectal face of mandible with relatively long, curved, appressed to decumbent setae; masticatory margin with row of straight setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE57CFF92FCA4F93DB8C5058A" blockId="41.[818,1443,149,1752]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57CFF92FCA4F93DB89505E9" box="[850,903,1704,1723]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Color</emphasis>
|
||
dull testaceous orange, head and gastral dorsa sometimes lightly infuscated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36A4ED7E57CFF92FCC4F89EBEB104C6" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE57CFF92FCC4F89EB887044C" blockId="41.[818,1443,1803,1940]" box="[818,917,1803,1822]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E57CFF92FCC4F89EB887044C" bold="true" box="[818,917,1803,1822]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57CFF92FCC4F89EB887044C" bold="true" box="[818,917,1803,1822]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE57CFF92FCC4F8BCBEB104C6" blockId="41.[818,1443,1803,1940]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
In Greek mythology, the dryads were forest spirits that personified and protected their habitat. The species is named in recognition of the patchy and threatened status of the forests from which most Afrotropical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE57CFF92FCC4F815B88904C1" authorityName="Roger" authorityYear="1863" box="[818,923,1920,1939]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57CFF92FCC4F815B88904C1" box="[818,923,1920,1939]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Discothyrea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
originate.The specific epithet is given as an appositive noun.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36A4ED7E57FFF91FF64FF00BADE0252" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE57FFF91FF64FF00BA6A03FA" blockId="42.[146,770,149,257]" box="[146,376,149,169]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E57FFF91FF64FF00BA6A03FA" bold="true" box="[146,376,149,169]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57FFF91FF64FF00BA6A03FA" bold="true" box="[146,376,149,169]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Distribution and Biology</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE57FFF91FF64FF26BADE0252" blockId="42.[146,770,149,257]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
The new species is known from three Afromontane forest locations in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3675DCCE57FFF91FF5BFF44BBF503B6" box="[173,231,209,228]" name="Kenya" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134B01D9E57FFF91FF0EFF45BA5303B1" box="[248,321,208,227]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[146,173,1283,1300]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,148,1247]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[152,1435,147,1248]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 4. Maps showing the known distribution ranges of Afrotropical Discothyrea species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3542140" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3542140/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 4G</figureCitation>
|
||
), at elevations from around
|
||
<quantity id="4C88B0B9E57FFF91FDADFF45B9EC03B6" box="[603,766,208,228]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="1900.0" valueMax="2300.0" valueMin="1500.0">
|
||
<date id="FFCE3B9CE57FFF91FDADFF45B9F203B1" box="[603,736,208,228]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1500" valueMax="2300">1500 to 2300</date>
|
||
m
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, where it seems to live in leaf litter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36A4ED7E57FFF91FF64FEA6BA1900E1" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE57FFF91FF64FEA6BBE40214" blockId="42.[146,770,307,766]" box="[146,246,307,326]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E57FFF91FF64FEA6BBE40214" bold="true" box="[146,246,307,326]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57FFF91FF64FEA6BBE40214" bold="true" box="[146,246,307,326]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Comments</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE57FFF91FF64FEC5BAA901AC" blockId="42.[146,770,307,766]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE57FFF91FF64FEC5BA2F0231" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[146,317,336,355]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dryad">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57FFF91FF64FEC5BA2F0231" box="[146,317,336,355]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Discothyrea dryad</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
bears some similarity to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE57FFF91FDD9FEC4B9980231" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[559,650,336,355]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="athene">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57FFF91FDD9FEC4B9980231" box="[559,650,336,355]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">D. athene</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE57FFF91FD61FEC4B9EF0231" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[663,765,336,355]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="damato">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57FFF91FD61FEC4B9EF0231" box="[663,765,336,355]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">D. damato</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE57FFF91FF64FEFBBA1502D2" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[146,263,365,384]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wakanda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57FFF91FF64FEFBBA1502D2" box="[146,263,365,384]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">D. wakanda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE57FFF91FEB7FEFBBAB802D2" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[321,426,365,384]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schulzei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57FFF91FEB7FEFBBAB802D2" box="[321,426,365,384]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">D. schulzei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the conspicuous elliptical basal fenestra on the frontal lamella and the absence of a mesotibial spur. Notably it differs from these species in the shape of the frontal lamella and the mesosoma. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE57FFF91FE56FE53BAE3028A" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[416,497,453,472]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dryad">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57FFF91FE56FE53BAE3028A" box="[416,497,453,472]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">D. dryad</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the lamella has a distinctively angulate profile, while it is rounded in the others. The mesosoma of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE57FFF91FF64FD94BBF70141" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[146,229,512,531]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dryad">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57FFF91FF64FD94BBF70141" box="[146,229,512,531]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">D. dryad</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more elongate (LMI 51–57; DMI 56–58; DMI2 87–91 versus LMI 48–57; DMI 58–66; DMI2 102–103) and in dorsal view distinctly narrows posteriorly. The presence of standing pilosity on the mesosomal and abdominal terga separates
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE57FFF91FD51FDCCB9EF0139" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[679,765,600,619]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dryad">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57FFF91FD51FDCCB9EF0139" box="[679,765,600,619]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">D. dryad</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE57FFF91FF64FDE3BA1001DA" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[146,258,629,648]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wakanda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57FFF91FF64FDE3BA1001DA" box="[146,258,629,648]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">D. wakanda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE57FFF91FEC4FDE3BA8401DA" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[306,406,629,648]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schulzei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57FFF91FEC4FDE3BA8401DA" box="[306,406,629,648]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">D. schulzei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE57FFF91FE3AFDE3B93F01DA" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[460,557,629,648]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="damato">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57FFF91FE3AFDE3B93F01DA" box="[460,557,629,648]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">D. damato</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Additionally,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE57FFF91FD47FDE3B81001DA" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[689,770,629,648]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dryad">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57FFF91FD47FDE3B81001DA" box="[689,770,629,648]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">D. dryad</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is larger than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE57FFF91FEF9FD06BA6101F4" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[271,371,659,678]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schulzei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57FFF91FEF9FD06BA6101F4" box="[271,371,659,678]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">D. schulzei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(WL 0.56–0.60 vs. 0.47–0.56, respectively) and smaller than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE57FFF91FEC2FD24BAB40191" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[308,422,688,707]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wakanda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57FFF91FEC2FD24BAB40191" box="[308,422,688,707]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">D. wakanda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(WL 0.59–0.65). Nevertheless, based on their character sets and geographical distribution, these three species appear to be closely related.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE57FFF91FF64FCBEBBFA006C" blockId="42.[146,770,811,947]" box="[146,232,811,830]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<heading id="D087AA30E57FFF91FF64FCBEBBFA006C" bold="true" box="[146,232,811,830]" fontSize="8" level="3" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57FFF91FF64FCBEBBFA006C" bold="true" box="[146,232,811,830]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Variation</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF1D5CE57FFF91FF64FCDDBA1900E1" blockId="42.[146,770,811,947]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7066DFE57FFF91FF64FCDDBA2D0009" authorityName="Hita-Garcia & Lieberman & Audisio & Liu & Economo" authorityYear="2019" box="[146,319,840,859]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Discothyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dryad">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904C14EE57FFF91FF64FCDDBA2D0009" box="[146,319,840,859]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Discothyrea dryad</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
varies mostly in the number and arrangement of fully erect setae among the standing pilosity. This character is prone to distortion from the media and conditions of collection and preservation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |