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<document id="1F5EBC5EB0860E888BE38140B03CCC64" ID-CLB-Dataset="45541" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.279937" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d3503aef-198d-4365-8a87-2d147b0c0820" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="279937" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460434409849" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Oliver, Paul, Richards, Stephen &amp; Tjaturadi, Burhan" docDate="2012" docId="03D987BFFFE29174FF1AFB73FB78FC49" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03178p044.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3178" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Callulops mediodiscus Oliver, Richards &amp; Tjaturadi, 2012, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="42" masterDocId="FFE0FFC7FFE5917DFF8DFF9EFFAFFF83" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Callulops (Anura: Microhylidae) from montane forests in New Guinea" masterLastPageNumber="44" masterPageNumber="33" pageNumber="40" updateTime="1698331875990" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="A469BCC91AF3ED04B5C90C17A68F65B6" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="C5D6F0B42222632F51939CB3057748DF">
<mods:title id="D4B92BD9961967BA4D728A6FD394D154">Two new species of Callulops (Anura: Microhylidae) from montane forests in New Guinea</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="481A75A55ECB494CF49D8293CC909E73" type="personal">
<mods:role id="74A5E4FEB6E0B108158A3500F3DD4040">
<mods:roleTerm id="14500A8BB0FAFA5D42498BE2D332CCF3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="DF2320F22594D2080EDF44CD3D958FAE">Oliver, Paul</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="7B7C4847457BF7DDFD0CD296B1BB8E96">
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<mods:namePart id="8714D59FE5288752D01C583300144C9B">Richards, Stephen</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="CE38B5F5FD6234C46DFD6822D3B3CD17" type="personal">
<mods:role id="278B7BB0E13EA3E807CC6DE890D52E97">
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<mods:namePart id="823208003EA3CB439D54CCC3890079C3">Tjaturadi, Burhan</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="D5CCBB71813165F740D0DEF9DE72468E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="3CEF55E9418430BF4CB4E6E11F42870E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="C40B48DA7D78CBA1848C4C72DDAA20A1">
<mods:date id="CA5F7418EB2C605A58B6B575770A7042">2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="D4EA947996F20544D2BFB814F1B10022" type="volume">
<mods:number id="D836BC2A2114586C51D46951C4E777D7">3178</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="94E42F51A62C09DA4F3F291FDAB21484">33</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="64767B2CA89B4D3A66ED5FC2D0EFD233">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="6825B6FFF91E7ABE27BD220D761D8482" type="CLB-Dataset">45541</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="863E2FF8378BCD292C6F8E7890D83432" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.279937</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="349E1112DAF2AB1326533F45085556F2" type="GBIF-Dataset">d3503aef-198d-4365-8a87-2d147b0c0820</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1B76CE5C12D178AE8326E95022694702" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6E812C793D720C40235B9AC184A17ED4" type="Zenodo-Dep">279937</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03D987BFFFE29174FF1AFB73FB78FC49" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6180290" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119431354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6180290" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D987BFFFE29174FF1AFB73FB78FC49" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D987BFFFE29174FF1AFB73FB78FC49" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">
<subSubSection id="C36A6522FFE2917AFF1AFB73FEEEFAAB" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCF36A9FFE2917AFF1AFB73FDA4FA84" blockId="7.[151,523,1261,1320]" box="[151,523,1261,1287]" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">
<heading id="D08781C5FFE2917AFF1AFB73FDA4FA84" bold="true" box="[151,523,1261,1287]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFE2917AFF1AFB73FDA4FA84" bold="true" box="[151,523,1261,1287]" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFE2917AFF1AFB73FE09FA84" ID-CoL="68VCG" box="[151,422,1261,1287]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mediodiscus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFE2917AFF1AFB73FE09FA84" bold="true" box="[151,422,1261,1287]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">Callulops mediodiscus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23757C0FFE2917AFE20FB73FDA4FA84" box="[429,523,1261,1287]" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36A9FFE2917AFF1AFA8EFEEEFAAB" blockId="7.[151,523,1261,1320]" box="[151,321,1296,1320]" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">
(
<figureCitation id="134B2A2CFFE2917AFF12FA8EFF48FAAB" box="[159,231,1296,1320]" captionStart="FIGURE 1. A" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1891,1914]" captionTargetBox="[188,1421,193,1840]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,193,1870]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. A) Callulops fojaensis sp. nov. (holotype MZB Amph. 11958) in life. B) Callulops mediodiscus sp. nov. (paratype SAMA R 66014) in life. Photographs Stephen Richards." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/321238/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
b–2c,d)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36A6522FFE2917AFF1AFAC6FE0EF9A4" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BCF36A9FFE2917AFF1AFAC6FB03FA38" blockId="7.[151,1436,1368,2007]" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFE2917AFF1AFAC6FEA4FAF3" bold="true" box="[151,267,1368,1392]" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">
<typeStatus id="54CB880BFFE2917AFF1AFAC6FEA9FAF3" box="[151,262,1368,1392]" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="ED61AE6CFFE2917AFE99FAC6FECAFAF3" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" box="[276,357,1368,1392]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" name="South Australia Museum" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">SAMA</collectionCode>
R66016 (field number SJR 8853), adult male, Moran Oilfield, Southern Highlands Province,
<collectingCountry id="F3677639FFE2917AFF1AFA1EFEDEFA14" box="[151,369,1407,1431]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE44506EFFE2917AFE0CFAE1FDA3FA14" box="[385,524,1404,1431]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" precision="1" value="-6.24695">6 o14.817’ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE44506EFFE2917AFD94FAE1FD66FA14" box="[537,713,1404,1431]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" precision="1" value="143.12538">143 o 07.523’ E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4C889B4CFFE2917AFD58FAE1FC84FA14" box="[725,811,1407,1431]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="1750.0">1750 m</quantity>
asl) collected by S. Richards, C. Dahl and J. Hiaso,
<date id="FFCE1069FFE2917AFA0DFAE1FEFFFA38" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" value="2004-11-13">13 November 2004</date>
. Liver tissue sampled and stored in ethanol at the South Australian Museum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36A9FFE2917AFF48FA59FE0EF9A4" blockId="7.[151,1436,1368,2007]" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFE2917AFF48FA59FED7FA5C" bold="true" box="[197,376,1479,1503]" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">Paratopotypes.</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="ED61AE6CFFE2917AFE0FFA59FE7CFA5C" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" box="[386,467,1479,1503]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" name="South Australia Museum" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">SAMA</collectionCode>
R66010 (SJR8559),
<collectionCode id="ED61AE6CFFE2917AFD48FA59FCB9FA5C" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" box="[709,790,1479,1503]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" name="South Australia Museum" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">SAMA</collectionCode>
R66012 (SJR8827), 66013–15 (SJR8850–8852),
<collectionCode id="ED61AE6CFFE2917AFAC2FA59FA34FA5C" box="[1359,1435,1479,1503]" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">UPNG</collectionCode>
10071 (SJR 8848) and
<collectionCode id="ED61AE6CFFE2917AFE12FA75FE42F980" box="[415,493,1515,1539]" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">UPNG</collectionCode>
10072 (SJR8849) all with same locality and collector details as
<typeStatus id="54CB880BFFE2917AFB48FA75FA85F980" box="[1221,1322,1515,1539]" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, collected
<date id="FFCE1069FFE2917AFF1AF991FE32F9A4" box="[151,413,1551,1575]" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" value="2004-11-13" valueMax="2004-11-18" valueMin="2004-11-13">13–18 November 2004</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36A6522FFE29175FF48F9ACFBE1FB8C" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BCF36A9FFE2917AFF48F9ACFB5AF8C4" blockId="7.[151,1436,1368,2007]" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFE2917AFF48F9ACFE90F9C8" bold="true" box="[197,319,1586,1611]" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Distinguished from all congeners and from species in the genera
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFE2917AFBA4F9AAFB60F9C8" box="[1065,1231,1588,1611]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Metamagnusia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFE2917AFBA4F9AAFB60F9C8" box="[1065,1231,1588,1611]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">Metamagnusia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFE2917AFA85F9ADFF69F9EC" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Pseudocallulops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFE2917AFA85F9ADFF69F9EC" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">Pseudocallulops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the combination of moderate size (males 42.0–49.0 mm SVL), moderately enlarged digital discs on fingers and toes (up to approximately twice width of penultimate phalanx), discs on toes approximately same width as discs on fingers (3FD/4TD = 0.89–1.12), hind limbs moderately long (TL(fold)/SVL = 0.41–0.47, TL(knee)/SVL = 0.46–0.48), snout truncate in dorsal aspect, hands and feet relatively long (HandL/SVL = 0.28–0.30, FootL/SVL = 0.48–0.54), skin on dorsum and lateral surfaces relatively smooth, dorsum uniform brown with darker head, ventral and lower lateral colouration uniform light brown without light mottling or flecking, and advertisement call a series of four harsh barking notes lasting a total of 2.1–
<geoCoordinate id="EE44506EFFE2917AFD34F8B1FD72F8C4" box="[697,733,1839,1863]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" precision="5555" value="-2.4">2.4</geoCoordinate>
s with a dominant frequency of
<date id="FFCE1069FFE2917AFBC5F8B1FB69F8C4" box="[1096,1222,1839,1863]" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" value="1529" valueMax="1661">1529–1661</date>
Hz.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36A9FFE29175FF48F8CCFCF7FF57" blockId="7.[151,1436,1368,2007]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,151,2012]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFE2917AFF48F8CCFDE8F8E8" bold="true" box="[197,583,1874,1899]" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">Comparisons with other species.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFE2917AFDC3F8CDFCE1F8E8" box="[590,846,1875,1899]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mediodiscus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFE2917AFDC3F8CDFCE1F8E8" box="[590,846,1875,1899]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">Callulops mediodiscus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFE2917AFCD9F8CDFC01F8E8" bold="true" box="[852,942,1875,1899]" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23757C0FFE2917AFCD9F8CDFC01F8E8" box="[852,942,1875,1899]" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is distinguished from both species of
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFE2917AFAD4F8CAFEABF80C" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Metamagnusia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFE2917AFAD4F8CAFEABF80C" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">Metamagnusia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having finger discs narrower than or equal to width of toe discs (vs finger discs much wider than toe discs), and uniform dark-brown or two-tone dorsal pattern (vs obvious spotting, marbling or thick longitudinal striping both dorsally and laterally,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE14B58FFE2917AFDA5F821FD66F854" author="Gunther" box="[552,713,1983,2007]" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" refString="Gunther, R. (2009) Metamagnusia and Pseudocallulops, two new genera of microhylid frogs from New Guinea (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution, 85, 171 - 187." type="journal article" year="2009">Günther 2009</bibRefCitation>
). It is distinguished from both species of
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFE2917AFB10F821FAF9F854" box="[1181,1366,1983,2007]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Pseudocallulops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFE2917AFB10F821FAF9F854" box="[1181,1366,1983,2007]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="40">Pseudocallulops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its larger size (adult SVL&gt;
<quantity id="4C889B4CFFED9175FE38FF09FDA7FF2C" box="[437,520,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="41.0">41 mm</quantity>
vs &lt;
<quantity id="4C889B4CFFED9175FDCBFF09FD35FF2C" box="[582,666,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="36.0">36 mm</quantity>
) and uniform dark-brown dorsal colouration (vs light-brown with extensive darker brown spotting and blotching,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE14B58FFED9175FD20FF22FCE2FF57" author="Gunther" box="[685,845,188,212]" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" refString="Gunther, R. (2009) Metamagnusia and Pseudocallulops, two new genera of microhylid frogs from New Guinea (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution, 85, 171 - 187." type="journal article" year="2009">Günther 2009</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36A9FFED9175FF48FF41FB4FFE4C" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">
The presence of distinctly expanded digital discs distinguishes
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FC05FF7EFB29FF7B" box="[904,1158,224,248]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mediodiscus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FC05FF7EFB29FF7B" box="[904,1158,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">Callulops mediodiscus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FB03FF7EFB47FF7B" bold="true" box="[1166,1256,224,248]" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23757C0FFED9175FB03FF7EFB47FF7B" box="[1166,1256,224,248]" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
from all congeners except
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FEACFE9BFE06FE9F" box="[289,425,260,284]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boettgeri">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FEACFE9BFE06FE9F" box="[289,425,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C. boettgeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FE6EFE9BFD3DFE9F" box="[483,658,261,284]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="omnistriatus">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FE6EFE9BFD3DFE9F" box="[483,658,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C. omnistriatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and especially from four species that lack digital discs entirely (
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FA0FFE9BFEB1FEC3" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glandulosus">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FA0FFE9BFEB1FEC3" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C. glandulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FEA1FEB6FE15FEC3" box="[300,442,296,320]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sagittatus">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FEA1FEB6FE15FEC3" box="[300,442,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C. sagittatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FE44FEB6FDC3FEC3" box="[457,620,296,320]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stictogaster">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FE44FEB6FDC3FEC3" box="[457,620,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C. stictogaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FD29FEB6FCFDFEC3" box="[676,850,296,320]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wilhelmanus">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FD29FEB6FCFDFEC3" box="[676,850,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C. wilhelmanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). It differs from the geographically distant
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FAB7FEB6FF6BFEE7" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boettgeri">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FAB7FEB6FF6BFEE7" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C. boettgeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having finger discs not conspicuously wider than the toe discs (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE14B58FFED9175FC35FED2FBE2FEE7" author="Zwefel" box="[952,1101,332,356]" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" refString="Zweifel, R. G. (1972) Results of the Archbold expeditions. No. 97: A revision of the frogs of the subfamily Asterophryinae family Microhylidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 148, 411 - 546." type="journal article" year="1972">Zwefel 1972</bibRefCitation>
); and from
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FB5CFED3FAD1FEE7" box="[1233,1406,333,356]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="omnistriatus">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FB5CFED3FAD1FEE7" box="[1233,1406,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C. omnistriatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in being smaller (male SVL &lt;
<quantity id="4C889B4CFFED9175FE5CFEF1FD8FFE04" box="[465,544,367,391]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
vs 55.0–
<quantity id="4C889B4CFFED9175FD0AFEF1FD40FE04" box="[647,751,367,391]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.96" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="59.6">59.6 mm</quantity>
), having a narrower head (HW/SVL 0.31–0.34 v 0.34–0.39), darker head than body (vs uniform), including a darker gular region than the belly, and in having finger and toe discs of approximately equal width (3FD/4TD 0.89–1.12 vs 0.62–0.99) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE14B58FFED9175FC4EFE29FB7AFE4C" author="Kraus" box="[963,1237,439,463]" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" refString="Kraus, F. &amp; Allison, A. (2009) New species of frogs from Papua New Guinea. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers, 104, 1 - 36." type="journal article" year="2009">Kraus and Allison 2009</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36A9FFED9175FF48FE43FAC3FCDF" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">
In addition to having wider finger discs (approximately twice width of penultimate phalanx vs less than twice width of penultimate phalanx),
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FE75FD9EFD0CFD9B" box="[504,675,512,536]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mediodiscus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FE75FD9EFD0CFD9B" box="[504,675,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C. mediodiscus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FD27FD9EFCABFD9B" bold="true" box="[682,772,512,536]" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23757C0FFED9175FD27FD9EFCABFD9B" box="[682,772,512,536]" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
can be distinguished from the remaining
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FB5AFD9EFAEBFD9B" box="[1239,1348,512,536]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FB5AFD9EFAEBFD9B" box="[1239,1348,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">Callulops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species as follows: from
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FED9FDBBFE7EFDBF" box="[340,465,549,572]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="comptus">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FED9FDBBFE7EFDBF" box="[340,465,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C. comptus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FE52FDBBFDE7FDBF" box="[479,584,548,572]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="doriae">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FE52FDBBFDE7FDBF" box="[479,584,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C. doriae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FDDBFDBBFD50FDBF" box="[598,767,549,572]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marmoratus">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FDDBFDBBFD50FDBF" box="[598,767,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C. marmoratus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FCB9FDBBFC60FDBF" box="[820,975,549,572]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personatus">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FCB9FDBBFC60FDBF" box="[820,975,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C. personatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its two-tone brown dorsal colouration (vs marbled, spotted or blotched with grey, dark brown or black); it is also significantly smaller than
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FA8FFDD6FAC3FDE3" box="[1282,1388,584,608]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="doriae">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FA8FFDD6FAC3FDE3" box="[1282,1388,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C. doriae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FF1AFDF3FE9DFD07" box="[151,306,621,644]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personatus">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FF1AFDF3FE9DFD07" box="[151,306,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C. personatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(SVL &lt;
<quantity id="4C889B4CFFED9175FE03FDF2FE72FD07" box="[398,477,620,644]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="55.0">55 mm</quantity>
vs&gt;
<quantity id="4C889B4CFFED9175FD97FDF2FDC3FD07" box="[538,620,620,644]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="65.0">65 mm</quantity>
); from
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FD30FDF3FC94FD07" box="[701,827,621,644]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="comptus">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FD30FDF3FC94FD07" box="[701,827,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C. comptus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FCC4FDF3FC7DFD07" box="[841,978,620,644]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="humicola">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FCC4FDF3FC7DFD07" box="[841,978,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C. humicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FC6DFDF3FBE9FD07" box="[992,1094,620,644]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscus">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FC6DFDF3FBE9FD07" box="[992,1094,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C. fuscus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FBF1FDF3FAADFD07" box="[1148,1282,620,644]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kopsteini">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FBF1FDF3FAADFD07" box="[1148,1282,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C. kopsteini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
it also differs in having a relatively uniform light-brown venter (vs boldly mottled with yellow and brown in
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FB5CFD0EFAFFFD2B" box="[1233,1360,656,680]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="comptus">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FB5CFD0EFAFFFD2B" box="[1233,1360,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C. comptus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FA04FD0EFF50FD4F" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="humicola">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FA04FD0EFF50FD4F" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C humicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, flecked with light grey or white in
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FD18FD2BFD53FD4F" box="[661,764,692,716]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscus">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FD18FD2BFD53FD4F" box="[661,764,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C. fuscus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FCBEFD2BFC16FD4F" box="[819,953,692,716]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kopsteini">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FCBEFD2BFC16FD4F" box="[819,953,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C. kopsteini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); from
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FB82FD2BFB6BFD4F" box="[1039,1220,692,716]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eremnosphax">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FB82FD2BFB6BFD4F" box="[1039,1220,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C. eremnosphax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the
<typeStatus id="54CB880BFFED9175FAA9FD2BFAFBFD4E" box="[1316,1364,693,717]" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">type</typeStatus>
series of the geographically distant species
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FDB5FD46FD30FD73" box="[568,671,728,752]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscus">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FDB5FD46FD30FD73" box="[568,671,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C. fuscus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FD5AFD46FCECFD73" box="[727,835,728,752]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dubius">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FD5AFD46FCECFD73" box="[727,835,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C. dubius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its significantly larger size (male SVL
<quantity id="4C889B4CFFED9175FAAEFD49FA33FD6C" box="[1315,1436,727,751]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.55" metricValueMax="4.9" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="45.5" valueMax="49.0" valueMin="42.0">42–49 mm</quantity>
vs &lt;
<quantity id="4C889B4CFFED9175FF40FD62FE8FFC97" box="[205,288,764,788]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
); from
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FEFDFD63FE5BFC97" box="[368,500,764,788]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fojaensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FEFDFD63FE5BFC97" box="[368,500,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C. fojaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FE76FD62FDFBFC97" bold="true" box="[507,596,764,788]" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23757C0FFED9175FE76FD62FDFBFC97" box="[507,596,764,788]" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
in having much longer legs (TL(knee)/SVL 0.46–0.48 vs 0.34) and in having an advertisement call with 4 (vs 6–7) notes; and finally from topotypic
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FC60FCBEFBC0FCBB" box="[1005,1135,800,824]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FC60FCBEFBC0FCBB" box="[1005,1135,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C. robustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Misima island by its much smaller size (SVL of adult male
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FDC5FCDAFD08FCDF" box="[584,679,836,860]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FDC5FCDAFD08FCDF" box="[584,679,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">robustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<quantity id="4C889B4CFFED9175FD23FCDAFCFCFCDF" box="[686,851,836,860]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.275" metricValueMax="6.49" metricValueMin="6.06" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="62.75" valueMax="64.9" valueMin="60.6">60.6–64.9 mm</quantity>
) and smooth (vs rugose) dorsal and lateral skin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36A9FFED9175FF48FCF7FBE1FB8C" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">
It differs from a number of nominal taxa currently synonymised with
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FC50FCF6FBF2FC03" box="[989,1117,872,896]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FC50FCF6FBF2FC03" box="[989,1117,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C. robustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the combination of more greatly expanded toe and finger discs (all synonyms), presence of distinct terminal groove on the first finger and absence of light flecks on the thighs and lateral surfaces (vs
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FCC8FC2EFC6DFC4B" box="[837,962,944,968]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microtis">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FCC8FC2EFC6DFC4B" box="[837,962,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">C. microtis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), absence of yellow flecks and pigmentation across the body (vs
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FE38FC4BFD3DFC6F" box="[437,658,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">
Pomatops
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FDA2FC4AFD3DFC6F" box="[559,658,980,1004]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="valvifera">valvifera</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
), in having a truncate (vs rounded) snout tip and smaller size (
<quantity id="4C889B4CFFED9175FAFDFC4AFF71FB8C" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.55" metricValueMax="4.9" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="45.5" valueMax="49.0" valueMin="42.0">42– 49mm</quantity>
vs
<quantity id="4C889B4CFFED9175FE88FC69FECCFB8C" box="[261,355,1015,1039]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.46" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="54.6">54.6mm</quantity>
) (vs
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FE16FC66FDDBFB93" box="[411,628,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">
Liophyrne
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFED9175FD98FC66FDDBFB93" box="[533,628,1016,1040]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kampeni">kampeni</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE14B58FFED9175FD01FC69FC88FB8C" author="Zweifel" box="[652,807,1015,1039]" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" refString="Zweifel, R. G. (1972) Results of the Archbold expeditions. No. 97: A revision of the frogs of the subfamily Asterophryinae family Microhylidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 148, 411 - 546." type="journal article" year="1972">Zweifel 1972</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE14B58FFED9175FCBFFC66FBEDFB8C" author="Kraus" box="[818,1090,1015,1039]" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" refString="Kraus, F. &amp; Allison, A. (2009) New species of frogs from Papua New Guinea. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers, 104, 1 - 36." type="journal article" year="2009">Kraus and Allison 2009</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36A6522FFED9174FF48FB85FD58FD4C" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCF36A9FFED9175FF48FB85FBEAFAFB" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FF48FB85FE4AFBB7" bold="true" box="[197,485,1051,1076]" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">
Description of
<typeStatus id="54CB880BFFED9175FEFAFB82FE4FFBB7" box="[375,480,1052,1076]" pageId="8" pageNumber="41" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
Key measurements are given in Table 1. Body moderately slender, somewhat pearshaped, head wide (HW/SVL 0.33), broader than long (HL/HW 0.96) not distinct from body, nares closer to tip of snout than to eye, directed laterally. Internarial distance greater than distance from eye to nares (EN/IN 0.82), eyes moderately large (EYE/SVL 0.12). Snout truncate in dorsal view and rounded in lateral view. Canthus rostralis rounded, not sharply defined; loreal regional very slightly concave, labial region near vertical but slightly inflated and convex. Tongue rounded; anterior palatal ridge long, smooth, posterior palatal ridge with approximately eleven distinct denticles. Mandibular symphysis forming a small hook at tip of lower jaw. Supratympanic fold moderately distinct, extending from posterior edge of eye across dorsal edge of tympanum, curving around posterior edge of tympanum to a point approximately level with jaw, then extending over dorsal edge of axilla. Dorsum, lateral surfaces, and venter smooth without any obvious tuberculation or folds in preservative.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36A9FFED9175FF48FA1AFB5BF9F7" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">Limbs long (TL(knee)/SVL 0.46) and moderately robust. Hands long (HandL/SVL 0.29), fingers unwebbed, with very low, rounded, indistinct and unpigmented subarticular tubercles; relative lengths 3&gt;4&gt;2&gt;1, tips with expanded digital discs approximately twice width of penultimate phalanx, all discs with distinct terminal grooves; palm smooth except for three indistinct low metacarpal tubercles, largest and most distinct at the base of finger 1. Feet long (FootL/SVL 0.49), toes unwebbed, with low, rounded, indistinct and unpigmented subarticular tubercles; relative lengths 4&gt;3&gt;5&gt;2&gt;1, tips with expanded digital discs approximately twice width of penultimate phalanx, all discs with distinct terminal groove, heel smooth with oval inner metatarsal tubercle at base of toe 1.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36A9FFED9175FF48F91FFE64F887" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">In preservative dorsum, lateral surfaces and exposed surfaces of limbs and digits brown, notably darker on the head, lighter posteriorly and towards tips of fingers. Venter light brown without obvious pattern; much darker on throat and limbs, and lighter towards posterior of torso and tips of digits. Metacarpal pads unpigmented, lighter than brown palmar regions.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36A9FFED9174FF48F891FB22FF57" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,2012]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1436,151,971]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFED9175FF48F891FE96F8AB" bold="true" box="[197,313,1807,1832]" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">Variation.</emphasis>
Summary data for the
<typeStatus id="54CB880BFFED9175FDC9F88FFDDBF8AA" box="[580,628,1809,1833]" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">type</typeStatus>
series are presented in Table 1. The
<typeStatus id="54CB880BFFED9175FB9AF88FFBE8F8AA" box="[1047,1095,1809,1833]" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">type</typeStatus>
series is relatively uniform in appearance and colouration. All
<typeStatus id="54CB880BFFED9175FD8AF8ABFDEDF8CE" box="[519,578,1845,1869]" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">types</typeStatus>
are predominantly brown with noticeably darker heads. Intensity of brownish pigmentation varies as follows: dorsal and lateral colouration varies from medium-brown to greyish-brown; gular region (extending from anterior tip of lower jaw to posterior edge of forelimb insertion) of all specimens light to medium-brown and distinctly darker than light-brown of posterior venter; approximately half of
<typeStatus id="54CB880BFFED9175FB61F83FFAB3F83A" box="[1260,1308,1953,1977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="41">type</typeStatus>
series with indistinct lighter buff mottling across posterior two thirds of venter. Under-surface of limbs always darker brown than venter; in a few specimens faint buff blotching is present on the hind limbs; under-surface of digits varies from light to medium-brown, always becoming lighter and less densely pigmented towards tips.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36A9FFEC9174FF48FF41FF49FE4C" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,971]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFEC9174FF48FF41FE05FF7B" bold="true" box="[197,426,223,248]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Appearance in life.</emphasis>
The following description is based on a photograph of
<typeStatus id="54CB880BFFEC9174FBACFF7EFB2EFF7B" box="[1057,1153,224,248]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
SAMA R66014 taken at night (
<figureCitation id="134B2A2CFFEC9174FF6DFE9AFE8EFE9F" box="[224,289,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURE 1. A" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1891,1914]" captionTargetBox="[188,1421,193,1840]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,193,1870]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. A) Callulops fojaensis sp. nov. (holotype MZB Amph. 11958) in life. B) Callulops mediodiscus sp. nov. (paratype SAMA R 66014) in life. Photographs Stephen Richards." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/321238/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Overall dorsal colouration of body light yellowish-brown, lateral surfaces more strongly tinged with yellow than dorsum; dorsal and lateral surfaces of head, including eyes and lower and upper jaw darker brown than rest of body. Exposed surfaces of forelimbs yellowish-brown proximally, becoming medium brown distally; exposed surfaces of hindlimbs relatively uniform yellowish brown; digits lighter and less densely pigmented than limbs and tending towards off-white. Iris silvery-grey, with thin to moderately thin dark-brown reticulations; sclera brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36A9FFEC9174FF48FE45FD58FD4C" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,971]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFEC9174FF48FE45FE02FE77" bold="true" box="[197,429,475,500]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Advertisement call.</emphasis>
The advertisement call of
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFEC9174FD51FE43FC27FE77" box="[732,904,476,500]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mediodiscus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFEC9174FD51FE43FC27FE77" box="[732,904,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">C. mediodiscus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFEC9174FC02FE42FC46FE77" bold="true" box="[911,1001,476,500]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23757C0FFEC9174FC02FE42FC46FE77" box="[911,1001,476,500]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is a series of four loud, barking notes. A single call is illustrated in Figure 3A. We analysed eight complete call sequences from the
<typeStatus id="54CB880BFFEC9174FB5BFE61FA97FD94" box="[1238,1336,511,535]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(SAMA R66016) recorded at a temperature of 18o C. Calls were produced at intervals of 54–84 s (mean = 71.42, SD = 11.76, n = 7), and had a dominant frequency of
<date id="FFCE1069FFEC9174FD23FDD4FC83FDE1" box="[686,812,586,610]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" value="1529" valueMax="1661">1529–1661</date>
Hz (mean = 1590, SD = 37.30, n = 8). Individual notes lasted 0.18–
<geoCoordinate id="EE44506EFFEC9174FE90FDF1FEE1FD04" box="[285,334,623,647]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" precision="555" value="-0.24">0.24</geoCoordinate>
s (mean = 0.21, SD = 0.01, n = 32) and were produced at a rate of 1.42–1.59 notes/s (mean = 1.51, SD = 0.05, n = 8). Each note contained 31–37 pulses (mean = 34.83, SD = 1.60, n = 29) produced at a pulse rate of 141–176 pulses/s (mean = 160.18, SD = 8.71, n = 29).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36A6522FFEC9174FF48FD45FB78FC49" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BCF36A9FFEC9174FF48FD45FCC6FCB9" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,971]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFEC9174FF48FD45FEE4FD70" bold="true" box="[197,331,731,755]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Etymology.</emphasis>
In reference to the most distinctive feature of this species, the moderately enlarged discs, which are large for a
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFEC9174FEB3FD61FE04FC94" box="[318,427,767,791]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFEC9174FEB3FD61FE04FC94" box="[318,427,767,791]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Callulops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, of similar size to those of
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFEC9174FD69FD61FC32FC94" box="[740,925,767,791]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Pseudocallulops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFEC9174FD69FD61FC32FC94" box="[740,925,767,791]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Pseudocallulops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and small for
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFEC9174FBC6FC9EFB5EFC94" box="[1099,1265,768,791]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Metamagnusia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFEC9174FBC6FC9EFB5EFC94" box="[1099,1265,768,791]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Metamagnusia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The epithet is used here as an invariable noun in apposition to the genus name.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36A9FFEC9174FF48FCD9FB78FC49" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,971]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFEC9174FF48FCD9FDE0FCDC" bold="true" box="[197,591,838,863]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Natural history and distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFEC9174FDDAFCD9FCFAFCDC" box="[599,853,839,863]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mediodiscus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFEC9174FDDAFCD9FCFAFCDC" box="[599,853,839,863]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Callulops mediodiscus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23757C0FFEC9174FCD0FCD9FC17FCDC" box="[861,952,839,863]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFEC9174FCD0FCD9FC1FFCDC" bold="true" box="[861,944,839,863]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is known only from extremely wet, mossy lower-montane rainforest (~
<quantity id="4C889B4CFFEC9174FE55FCF4FD82FC01" box="[472,557,874,898]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="1750.0">1750 m</quantity>
asl) on karst limestone in the upper Kikori Basin of Southern Highlands Province. The
<typeStatus id="54CB880BFFEC9174FE81FC0EFE93FC2B" box="[268,316,912,936]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">type</typeStatus>
series was found on the ground on leaf litter or calling from slightly elevated perches on mossy rocks and logs after rain at night. No other species of
<taxonomicName id="4C704D2AFFEC9174FD62FC2DFCF3FC48" box="[751,860,947,971]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Callulops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B904EABBFFEC9174FD62FC2DFCF3FC48" box="[751,860,947,971]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Callulops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was collected at the
<typeStatus id="54CB880BFFEC9174FBCBFC2DFBD9FC48" box="[1094,1142,947,971]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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