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<document id="FC43BDA9AFBB014DAAD1541299A40EBF" ID-DOI="10.1080/08912963.2021.2010192" ID-GBIF-Dataset="616f0513-90fe-4370-bb63-c7f70a876f26" ID-ISSN="1029-2381" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5838068" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1641910363498" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Jouault, Corentin &amp; Nel, André" docDate="2021" docId="03D987B1C33DFFA6FFCA810009DB7F13" docLanguage="en" docName="HistBiol.34.11.2241-2248.pdf" docOrigin="Historical Biology 34 (11)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2021.2010192" docTitle="Tyrannomecia inopinata Jouault &amp; Nel 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="4" masterDocId="FFE0FFC9C33EFFA2FFBA840909327D68" masterDocTitle="The oldest Cenozoic ant fossil: † Tyrannomecia gen. nov. (Formicidae: Myrmeciinae) from the Palaeocene Menat Formation (France)" masterLastPageNumber="2248" masterPageNumber="2241" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1701691674780" updateUser="felipe">
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<mods:title id="BE234FB3C8F3326E1B1E8F55ACF88987">The oldest Cenozoic ant fossil: † Tyrannomecia gen. nov. (Formicidae: Myrmeciinae) from the Palaeocene Menat Formation (France)</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="D903758B1936CA87C4A052D6C9334CFA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="75F7A6792C3203F1CCE7E59ABE2FCCA5">Jouault, Corentin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="ADF2306DCCEF4C025A75865D49DEC1D0">Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) Muséum national dHistoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, CP 50, 57 rue Cuvier 75005, Paris, France &amp; Univ. Rennes, CNRS, Géosciences Rennes, UMR 6118, F- 35000, Rennes, France &amp; CNRS, UMR 5554 Institut des Sciences de lÉvolution de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier, France</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="34598C5DF515270A80F96DD4845F4578" type="email">jouaultc0@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="6AEFAAE760CEC16B72A74CDF85DFA81C">Nel, André</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9A4C0CECFA0AB27E311E9A8BD066C77B">Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) Muséum national dHistoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, CP 50, 57 rue Cuvier 75005, Paris, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="2BC2A70F95615CA994CCB0F3165C6D2A">Historical Biology</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="3FA2735082457FCDA998FC92270C947C">
<mods:date id="002B0185D9EF20A1948F31A4C4B9EFC5">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F405B18553CAC7C75E3D6AE170354346">2021-12-12</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="71131111D3AE194EDE0837720959AC12">34</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="5A0696BF2E7C924FE07519683D94BEA3">11</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03D987B1C33DFFA6FFCA810009DB7F13" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5838054" ID-GBIF-Taxon="191989527" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5838054" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D987B1C33DFFA6FFCA810009DB7F13" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D987B1C33DFFA6FFCA810009DB7F13" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<subSubSection id="C36A652CC33DFFA1FFCA81000B48784B" box="[112,634,1289,1315]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCF36A7C33DFFA1FFCA81000B48784B" blockId="3.[112,634,1289,1315]" box="[112,634,1289,1315]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<heading id="D08781CBC33DFFA1FFCA81000B48784B" box="[112,634,1289,1315]" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B904EAB5C33DFFA1FFCA81000B48784B" bold="true" box="[112,634,1289,1315]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C704D24C33DFFA1FFCA810008B7784A" authority="Jouault &amp; Nel, 2021" authorityName="Jouault &amp; Nel" authorityYear="2021" box="[112,389,1289,1314]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tyrannomecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inopinata" status="sp. nov.">Tyrannomecia inopinata</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B904EAB5C33DFFA1FE3781000B48784B" bold="true" box="[397,634,1289,1315]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23757CEC33DFFA1FE37810008D1784A" box="[397,483,1289,1314]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<figureCitation id="134B2A22C33DFFA1FE4881000B41784A" box="[498,627,1289,1314]" captionStart-0="Figure 1" captionStart-1="Figure 2" captionStartId-0="2.[112,167,1993,2013]" captionStartId-1="3.[112,167,483,503]" captionTargetBox-0="[337,1289,1197,1957]" captionTargetBox-1="[319,1307,137,455]" captionTargetId-0="figure-393@2.[333,1293,1193,1965]" captionTargetId-1="figure-654@3.[318,1308,136,456]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="Figure 1. Tyrannomecia inopinata gen. et sp. nov., holotype MNHN.FA71374. Photographs. (a) habitus on part; (b) habitus on counterpart. Scale bars = 2 mm." captionText-1="Figure 2. Tyrannomecia inopinata gen. et sp. nov., holotype MNHN.FA71374. Photographs. (a) head; (b) petiolar region. Scale bars = 2 mm (a), 1 mm (b)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5838070" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5838074" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5838070/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5838074/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figures 12</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36A652CC33DFFA1FF2A813F082B7804" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCF36A7C33DFFA1FF2A813F082B7804" blockId="3.[112,703,1334,1388]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:DA568D60-0C56-4C59-8298- C2BAFEB72C98</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36A652CC33DFFA1FFCA819308B37B64" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BCF36A7C33DFFA1FFCA819309D378DC" blockId="3.[112,796,1434,1548]" box="[112,225,1434,1460]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<heading id="D08781CBC33DFFA1FFCA819309D378DC" bold="true" box="[112,225,1434,1460]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="6">
<emphasis id="B904EAB5C33DFFA1FFCA819309D378DC" bold="true" box="[112,225,1434,1460]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36A7C33DFFA1FFCA81B008B37B64" blockId="3.[112,796,1434,1548]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
The specific name derived from the Latin word
<emphasis id="B904EAB5C33DFFA1FDE881B30B8B78B9" box="[594,697,1466,1489]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">inopinatus</emphasis>
, meaning ”unexpected”. The epithet refers to the rather unexpected nature of the discovery in Menat deposit.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36A652CC33DFFA1FFCA82320B707A10" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BCF36A7C33DFFA1FFCA823208367B3D" blockId="3.[112,797,1595,1810]" box="[112,260,1595,1621]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<heading id="D08781CBC33DFFA1FFCA823208367B3D" bold="true" box="[112,260,1595,1621]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="6">
<emphasis id="B904EAB5C33DFFA1FFCA823208367B3D" bold="true" box="[112,260,1595,1621]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Type material</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36A7C33DFFA1FFCA8253098E7A7A" blockId="3.[112,797,1595,1810]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<materialsCitation id="3B183CFAC33DFFA1FFCA8253098A7A7A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3434768301" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="Philippe Olivier" country="France" location="Historical quarry of ' Noir d'Auvergne'" municipality="Menat" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCode="MNHN.FA71374" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Puy-de-Dome" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54CB8805C33DFFA1FFCA825309FE7B1A" box="[112,204,1626,1650]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCode id="DBD69EDCC33DFFA1FF688253084C7B1A" box="[210,382,1626,1650]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">MNHN.FA71374</specimenCode>
(Oli 435, collection
<collectorName id="26855371C33DFFA1FDFC82530BD77B1A" box="[582,741,1626,1650]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Philippe Olivier</collectorName>
, both sides), deposited in the Muséum national dHistoire naturelle in Paris.
<emphasis id="B904EAB5C33DFFA1FFCA82B709CA7BB0" bold="true" box="[112,248,1726,1752]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Type locality</emphasis>
<location id="8EAF607CC33DFFA1FFCA82D40B2F7B9D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D987B1C33DFFA6FFCA810009DB7F13:8EAF607CC33DFFA1FFCA82D40B2F7B9D" box="[112,541,1757,1781]" country="France" municipality="Menat" name="Historical quarry of ' Noir d'Auvergne'" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" stateProvince="Puy-de-Dome">Historical quarry of Noir dAuvergne</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BABACDDC33DFFA1FD9782D40B417B9C" box="[557,627,1757,1780]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Menat</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="49B4F845C33DFFA1FD3882D40A2B7B9D" box="[642,793,1757,1781]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Puy-de-Dôme</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3677637C33DFFA1FFCA82F2098A7A7A" box="[112,184,1787,1810]" name="France" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">France</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36A7C33DFFA1FFCA834809C97A33" blockId="3.[112,578,1857,1912]" box="[112,251,1857,1883]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<heading id="D08781CBC33DFFA1FFCA834809C97A33" bold="true" box="[112,251,1857,1883]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="6">
<emphasis id="B904EAB5C33DFFA1FFCA834809C97A33" bold="true" box="[112,251,1857,1883]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Type horizon</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36A7C33DFFA1FFCA83690B707A10" blockId="3.[112,578,1857,1912]" box="[112,578,1888,1912]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Middle Palaeocene (ca. 60 Ma), Menat Basin.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36A652CC33DFFA1FFCA83AE08AD7AB6" box="[112,415,1959,2014]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BCF36A7C33DFFA1FFCA83AE09EB7AA9" blockId="3.[112,415,1959,2014]" box="[112,217,1959,1985]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<heading id="D08781CBC33DFFA1FFCA83AE09EB7AA9" bold="true" box="[112,217,1959,1985]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="6">
<emphasis id="B904EAB5C33DFFA1FFCA83AE09EB7AA9" bold="true" box="[112,217,1959,1985]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36A7C33DFFA1FFCA83CF08AD7AB6" blockId="3.[112,415,1959,2014]" box="[112,415,1990,2014]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
As for the genus (
<emphasis id="B904EAB5C33DFFA1FE9383CF08A37AB6" box="[297,401,1990,2014]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">vide supra</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36A652CC33DFFA1FC8786340D6E7B37" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCF36A7C33DFFA1FC8786340A847F3F" blockId="3.[828,1514,573,804]" box="[829,950,573,599]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<heading id="D08781CBC33DFFA1FC8786340A847F3F" bold="true" box="[829,950,573,599]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="6">
<emphasis id="B904EAB5C33DFFA1FC8786340A847F3F" bold="true" box="[829,950,573,599]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36A7C33DFFA1FC8786550CD87E4C" blockId="3.[828,1514,573,804]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B904EAB5C33DFFA1FC8786550AA07F1C" bold="true" box="[829,914,604,628]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Worker.</emphasis>
Head slightly longer than wide (ca. 1.2 × longer than wide), 4.80 mm long and ca. 4.20 mm wide, sides rounded, occiput rounded; antennae not preserved; mandibles elongate, ca. 2.92 mm long, without conspicuous teeth, with parallel and touching masticatory margin when closed, broader basally, tapering towards apex, not broadly crossing apically; eyes conspicuous, ovoid, ca. 1.28 mm long and 0.94 mm wide, located slightly anterior to head mid-length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36A7C33DFFA1FC8787400CA87901" blockId="3.[829,1514,841,1129]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B904EAB5C33DFFA1FC8787400A9D7E08" bold="true" box="[829,943,841,864]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Mesosoma.</emphasis>
Quite robust, elongate, ca. 7.05 mm long; dorsal surface slightly convex; pronotum slightly convex in lateral view, with posterior margin convex; propleuron visible laterally (but difficult to describe); pro-mesonotal articulation slightly impressed, presence or absence of fusion uncertain; mesonotum indistinct (poorly preserved); mesopleuron distinct, ovoid, elongate towards insertion of third pair of legs; metanotal groove apparently well impressed; propodeum long, unarmed (without tooth), with dorsal surface convex, propodeal declivity without strong angle with dorsal surface, propodeal lobes apparently small. Legs not preserved.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36A7C33DFFA1FC8780840CB9783D" blockId="3.[829,1513,1165,1365]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B904EAB5C33DFFA1FC8780840AB879CD" bold="true" box="[829,906,1165,1189]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Petiole.</emphasis>
In lateral view, longer than high, bell-shaped, anterior surface short, slightly concave, dorsal surface broadly rounded, posterior surface dorsally with a blunt tooth located near midlength (not an artefact of preservation since recorded in part and counterpart and not corresponding with petiolar collar visible just behind), subpetiolar process, if present, not visible, helcium clearly visible and strongly constricted between petiole and AIII.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36A7C33DFFA1FC8781700C2F7B4C" blockId="3.[829,1514,1401,1631]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B904EAB5C33DFFA1FC8781700AB478F9" bold="true" box="[829,902,1401,1425]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Gaster.</emphasis>
Medium size, longer than mesosoma, ca. 10.80 mm long, distinctly constricted between AIII and AIV; separations between tergites and sternites visible; sternite of AIII without visible prora; first two segments the longest, then decreasing in length, second segment the widest, length of segments from base to apex (in mm): ca. 3.36, 3.55, 2.88, 2.00, 1.56; sting not visible.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36A7C33DFFA1FCE782230D6E7B37" blockId="3.[829,1514,1401,1631]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Integument without visible sculpturing nor colouration pattern. Body dark brown to brown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36A652CC33DFFA6FC87828A09DB7F13" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BCF36A7C33DFFA6FC87828A09DB7F13" blockId="3.[829,1514,1667,2014]" lastBlockId="4.[112,797,142,635]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B904EAB5C33DFFA1FC87828A0AA67BF3" bold="true" box="[829,916,1667,1691]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Remark.</emphasis>
When we refer to the mandibles, teeth designate sharp, acute cuticular structures along the masticatory margin of the mandible while tubercles refer to small, blunt structures/teeth along the masticatory margin of the mandible. The large eyes recorded in the genus are sufficient to rule out affinities with the majority of ant genera (extant and extinct). Some formicine genera also possess similar large eyes (
<taxonomicName id="4C704D24C33DFFA1FBC6833D0DC57A23" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1893" box="[1148,1271,1844,1867]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Myrmoteras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B904EAB5C33DFFA1FBC6833D0DC57A23" box="[1148,1271,1844,1867]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Myrmoteras</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C704D24C33DFFA1FA90833D0CA47A23" authorityName="Roger" authorityYear="1863" box="[1322,1430,1844,1867]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Gigantiops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B904EAB5C33DFFA1FA90833D0CA47A23" box="[1322,1430,1844,1867]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Gigantiops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), but in the latters, they are always longer than half the head length (vs. 0.26 × head length in the new species). Representatives of the
<taxonomicName id="4C704D24C33DFFA1FC8783820D3A7ACB" authorityName="M.R.Smith" authorityYear="1952" box="[829,1032,1931,1955]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pseudomyrmecinae">Pseudomyrmecinae</taxonomicName>
also possess large eyes but they are rapidly distinguished from the new genus owing to their distinctly nodiform postpetiole. The genus
<taxonomicName id="4C704D24C33DFFA1FB1883CF0CF67AB6" authority="(Ponerinae)" baseAuthorityName="Ponerinae" box="[1186,1476,1990,2014]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Harpegnathos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B904EAB5C33DFFA1FB1883CF0C017AB6" box="[1186,1331,1990,2014]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Harpegnathos</emphasis>
(Ponerinae)
</taxonomicName>
is superficially similar to the new genus but differs from the latter in having up-curved mandibles as long or longer than the head (vs. conspicuously shorter than the head and without apparent curvation in the new genus); presence of a huge gap between clypeus and beggining of the masticatory margin while the gap presents in the part and counterpart is only due to damages caused during the preparation process; head quadrate (vs. clearly rounded), and the petiole is dorsally slightly bulging posteriorly in workers or queen (vs. with a clear rounded dorsal surface, and a nearly straight posterior dorsal surface). The genus
<emphasis id="B904EAB5C33AFFA6FD39859F0A2F7CC6" box="[643,797,406,430]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Aquilomyrmex</emphasis>
(Haidomyrmecinae) also possesses large eyes but it is easily distinguished from the new genus, at least, owing to the presence of a cephalic horn (absent in the new genus). The sole extant
<taxonomicName id="4C704D24C33AFFA6FFCA860209C87F4B" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1877" box="[112,250,523,547]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Myrmeciinae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Myrmeciinae</taxonomicName>
genus possessing similar eyes is
<taxonomicName id="4C704D24C33AFFA6FDD786050BE77F4B" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1804" box="[621,725,524,547]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Myrmecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B904EAB5C33AFFA6FDD786050BE77F4B" box="[621,725,524,547]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Myrmecia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but it differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C704D24C33AFFA6FF4A862008B07F28" authorityName="Jouault &amp; Nel" authorityYear="2021" box="[240,386,553,576]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tyrannomecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B904EAB5C33AFFA6FF4A862008B07F28" box="[240,386,553,576]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Tyrannomecia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at least owing to the presence of strong teeth along the masticatory margin (see additional comparisons in discussion).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>